CN110182386B - Micro-cathode arc vector propulsion device of spherical anode - Google Patents
Micro-cathode arc vector propulsion device of spherical anode Download PDFInfo
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- CN110182386B CN110182386B CN201910510652.2A CN201910510652A CN110182386B CN 110182386 B CN110182386 B CN 110182386B CN 201910510652 A CN201910510652 A CN 201910510652A CN 110182386 B CN110182386 B CN 110182386B
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- 239000013598 vector Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 28
- 239000012212 insulator Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 80
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 58
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 58
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 claims abstract 3
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 claims abstract 3
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract 3
- 238000010891 electric arc Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 210000002381 plasma Anatomy 0.000 description 8
- 239000003380 propellant Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000033001 locomotion Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 3
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000010406 cathode material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000013519 translation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000002679 ablation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 1
- -1 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001343 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004810 polytetrafluoroethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B64—AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
- B64G—COSMONAUTICS; VEHICLES OR EQUIPMENT THEREFOR
- B64G1/00—Cosmonautic vehicles
- B64G1/10—Artificial satellites; Systems of such satellites; Interplanetary vehicles
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B64—AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
- B64G—COSMONAUTICS; VEHICLES OR EQUIPMENT THEREFOR
- B64G1/00—Cosmonautic vehicles
- B64G1/22—Parts of, or equipment specially adapted for fitting in or to, cosmonautic vehicles
- B64G1/24—Guiding or controlling apparatus, e.g. for attitude control
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B64—AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
- B64G—COSMONAUTICS; VEHICLES OR EQUIPMENT THEREFOR
- B64G1/00—Cosmonautic vehicles
- B64G1/22—Parts of, or equipment specially adapted for fitting in or to, cosmonautic vehicles
- B64G1/40—Arrangements or adaptations of propulsion systems
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E30/00—Energy generation of nuclear origin
- Y02E30/10—Nuclear fusion reactors
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- Radar, Positioning & Navigation (AREA)
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- Astronomy & Astrophysics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Control Of Position, Course, Altitude, Or Attitude Of Moving Bodies (AREA)
- Plasma Technology (AREA)
Abstract
A micro-cathode arc vector propulsion device of a spherical anode belongs to the technical field of satellite attitude control. The invention solves the problems that the existing miniature electric propulsion devices need to carry self storage and supply devices, so that the system has large mass and low specific impulse; and the existing micro electric propulsion device is fixed, and in order to realize vector thrust, an additional system or a plurality of micro electric propulsion devices are needed to be used simultaneously, so that the system structure complexity is high, the reliability is low, and the economical efficiency is poor. One end and the spherical main part rigid coupling of insulator II, another tip processing of insulator II has the spacing boss of annular, keeps away from the equal opening setting of one end of spherical main part on every spout, and two setting elements are rectangular form and one-to-one and insert and establish in two spouts, and every spout is rather than the interior equal parallel arrangement of setting element of inserting the establishment that corresponds, and insulator I, metal cathode and shell are the loop configuration and overlap in proper order from inside to outside and establish spherical main part outside.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a plasma propulsion device, in particular to a micro-cathode arc vector propulsion device with a spherical anode, and belongs to the technical field of satellite attitude control.
Background
The cubic satellite belongs to one kind of micro-nano satellite, the basic composition unit of the cubic satellite is a cube with the side length of 10 cm and the maximum weight of 1.33 kg, and the cubic satellite has the advantages of high technical performance, flexible emission mode, small volume, low cost, capability of being formed into a network and the like, and the advantages not only enable the cubic satellite to have high military value (such as environmental observation and military monitoring), but also enable the cubic satellite to have large play space (such as a communication base station) in commercial use. With the continuous progress of aerospace technology and the continuous increase of commercial aerospace activities, cubic satellites are one of the key directions for future development.
In order to enable a cubic satellite to complete attitude adjustment and autonomous propulsion and adapt to various task requirements, a micro-Newton thruster is an indispensable technology, and related technologies are researched in all countries in the world. The chemical propulsion releases energy through the chemical reaction of working media and ejects the working media to generate reverse thrust, and a large amount of propellant needs to be carried. Compared with chemical propulsion, electric propulsion utilizes generated plasma as a working medium to be sprayed out to generate thrust, a large amount of propellant is not required to be carried, the total weight is reduced, and the electric propulsion system has high specific impulse.
For a cubic satellite, in order to realize autonomous propulsion and attitude adjustment in a space mission, the original electric propulsion system has the following defects: (1) because the existing miniature electric propulsion devices need to carry own storage and supply devices, the system has large mass and low specific impulse; (2) the existing micro electric propulsion device is fixed, and in order to realize vector thrust, an additional system or a plurality of micro electric propulsion devices are required to be used simultaneously, so that the complexity of the system structure is high, the reliability is low, and the economical efficiency is poor.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems that the existing miniature electric propulsion devices need to carry a self storage and supply device, so that the system has large mass and low specific impulse; and the existing micro electric propulsion device is fixed, and in order to realize vector thrust, an additional system is needed or a plurality of micro electric propulsion devices are used simultaneously, so that the problems of high system structure complexity, low reliability and poor economy are caused, and the micro cathode arc vector propulsion device with the spherical anode is further provided.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows:
a micro cathode arc vector propulsion device of a spherical anode comprises a metal anode, a metal cathode, an insulator I, an insulator II, a shell, two insulating support rods and two positioning pieces,
the metal anode comprises a spherical main body, one end of an insulator II is fixedly connected with the spherical main body, the other end of the insulator II is processed with an annular limiting boss, the insulator II is provided with two sliding grooves which are arranged along the length direction of the insulator II, one end of each sliding groove, which is far away from the spherical main body, is provided with an opening, two positioning pieces are in a strip shape and are inserted into the two sliding grooves in a one-to-one correspondence manner, each sliding groove and a positioning piece correspondingly inserted into the sliding groove are arranged in parallel, one end of each positioning piece, which is far away from the spherical main body, is positioned outside the sliding groove,
the insulator I, the metal cathode and the shell are all of annular structures and are sequentially sleeved outside the spherical main body from inside to outside, wherein the inner wall of the insulator I is arranged along the spherical surface of the spherical main body, the insulator I is rotationally connected with the spherical main body relatively,
a limiting check ring is fixedly connected to one end of the insulator I, which is close to the insulator II, an insulating support rod is correspondingly arranged between each positioning piece and the limiting check ring, the insulating support rods are rotatably connected with the positioning pieces and the insulating support rods are rotatably connected with the limiting check rings,
a plurality of springs are arranged between one end of the metal cathode close to the limit retainer ring and the limit retainer ring,
the inner wall of the shell is provided with an annular clamping groove along the circumferential direction, the other end of the metal cathode is clamped in the annular clamping groove, one end of the shell is fixedly connected with the limiting check ring, the other end of the shell is coaxially and fixedly connected with a cylindrical section, an electromagnetic coil is wound on the cylindrical section, and the electromagnetic coil and the cylindrical section form a magnetic field.
Furthermore, the central axis of each insulating support rod and the central line of the bottom of the sliding groove connected with the central axis of each insulating support rod are positioned in the same plane.
Furthermore, the axial section of the side wall of the insulator I, the axial section of the side wall of the metal cathode and the axial section of the side wall of the shell are all arc-shaped structures, and the spherical surface where the inner wall of the insulator I is located, the spherical surface where the outer wall of the insulator I is located, the spherical surface where the inner wall of the metal cathode is located, the spherical surface where the outer wall of the metal cathode is located, the spherical surface where the inner wall of the shell is located and the spherical surface where the outer wall of the shell is located are all arranged concentrically with the spherical main body.
Further, the metal anode further comprises a connecting rod, one end of the connecting rod is fixedly connected to the surface of the spherical main body, and the insulator II is provided with a through hole and is sleeved on the connecting rod in a matching mode.
Furthermore, the connecting rod and the insulator II are both of cylindrical structures.
Further, the positioning piece is a rack.
Furthermore, the straight lines of the shortest distances from the ends of the two insulating support rods connected with the limiting check rings to the central axis of the insulator II are perpendicular to each other.
Furthermore, each insulating support rod is connected with the limiting retainer ring and each insulating support rod is connected with the positioning piece through a spherical hinge.
Furthermore, the number of the springs is four, and the springs are uniformly distributed between the metal cathode and the limiting check ring along the circumferential direction of the insulator I.
Furthermore, the other end of the metal cathode and one end of the insulator I, far away from the limiting check ring, are arranged in a staggered mode, and the metal cathode is wrapped at the outer portion of one end, far away from the limiting check ring, of the insulator I.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following effects:
the method has the advantages that the metal cathode is used as a propellant, a large amount of plasmas generated by cathode ablation are used as a propulsion working medium, the mass burden caused by the fact that a large amount of propellant needs to be carried by a conventional propulsion device in the prior art is avoided, and the method has the characteristic of high specific impulse;
secondly, controlling the horizontal movement of the two positioning parts, and randomly changing the nozzle direction of the micro-cathode arc vector propulsion device, thereby realizing vector thrust and meeting the requirements of realizing autonomous propulsion and attitude control of a cubic satellite;
compared with the prior art, the structure is simpler, the mass is lighter, the volume is smaller, and the reliability is higher.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a main cross-sectional schematic view of the present application;
fig. 2 is a schematic right-view of the present application.
Detailed Description
The first embodiment is as follows: the present embodiment is described with reference to fig. 1-2, a micro-cathode arc vector propulsion device of a spherical anode, which comprises a metal anode 1, a metal cathode 2, an insulator i 3, an insulator ii 4, a housing 5, two insulating support rods 6 and two positioning members 7,
the metal anode 1 comprises a spherical main body 11, one end of an insulator II 4 is fixedly connected with the spherical main body 11, the other end of the insulator II 4 is processed with an annular limiting boss 41, the insulator II 4 is provided with two sliding grooves 42 arranged along the length direction of the insulator II, one end of each sliding groove 42 far away from the spherical main body 11 is opened, two positioning pieces 7 are in a long strip shape and are inserted in the two sliding grooves 42 in a one-to-one correspondence manner, each sliding groove 42 and the positioning piece 7 correspondingly inserted in the sliding groove 42 are arranged in parallel, one end of each positioning piece 7 far away from the spherical main body 11 is arranged outside the sliding groove 42,
the insulator I3, the metal cathode 2 and the shell 5 are all of annular structures and are sequentially sleeved outside the spherical main body 11 from inside to outside, wherein the inner wall of the insulator I3 is arranged along the spherical surface of the spherical main body 11, the insulator I3 is connected with the spherical main body 11 in a relatively rotating way,
a limiting retainer ring 31 is fixedly connected to one end of the insulator I3 close to the insulator II 4, an insulating support rod 6 is correspondingly arranged between each positioning piece 7 and the limiting retainer ring 31, the insulating support rod 6 and the positioning piece 7 as well as the insulating support rod 6 and the limiting retainer ring 31 are rotatably connected,
a plurality of springs 8 are arranged between one end of the metal cathode 2 close to the limit retainer ring 31 and the limit retainer ring 31,
an annular clamping groove 51 is formed in the inner wall of the shell 5 along the circumferential direction, the other end of the metal cathode 2 is clamped in the annular clamping groove 51, one end of the shell 5 is fixedly connected with the limiting retainer ring 31, the other end of the shell 5 is coaxially and fixedly connected with a cylindrical section 52, an electromagnetic coil 9 is wound on the cylindrical section 52, and the electromagnetic coil 9 and the cylindrical section 52 form a magnetic field. One end of each positioning piece 7, which is far away from the spherical body 11, is connected with an external driving device, the positioning pieces 7 are driven by the external driving device to horizontally move along the length direction of the sliding groove 42, and when one end of each positioning piece 7, which is close to the spherical body 11, moves to the outermost end, the positioning piece 7 is blocked by the annular limiting boss 41 on the insulator II 4, so that the positioning piece 7 is prevented from falling off. The translation of the positioning piece 7 drives the insulating support rod 6 to move, so that the insulator I3, the metal cathode 2 thereon and the shell 5 are driven to rotate. The movements of the two positioning elements 7 do not interfere with each other. A coordinate system is established by taking the horizontal plane direction of the axis of one insulating support rod 6 as the X-axis direction and the horizontal plane direction of the axis of the other insulating support rod 6 as the Y-axis direction, namely, the X-direction thrust on the insulator I3 can be controlled by one insulating support rod 6, the Y-direction thrust on the insulator I3 can be controlled by the other insulating support rod 6, the X-direction thrust and the Y-direction thrust are matched with each other, thrust vectors of various angles of the plane are realized, and the final thrust range is in a conical shape.
The control system of the external control power supply and the external driving device is the existing electronic equipment and has the characteristics of high precision, light weight and small volume.
The spring 8 is always in a compressed state.
An arc-shaped groove is processed at one end of the insulator II 4, and the arc-shaped groove and the spherical surface of the spherical main body 11 are arranged along with the shape, so that the arc-shaped groove and the spherical main body are conveniently and stably fixedly connected.
The metal anode 1 is made of copper and is partially wrapped by the insulator I3, the metal anode and the insulator I3 are concentric, the spherical surface of the spherical main body 11 and the inner wall of the insulator I3 are both smooth surfaces, and 10 parts exist between the spherical main body and the insulator I3 -1 A gap of the order of mm to ensure that the insulator i 3 rotates around the spherical body 11.
The insulator I3 is made of insulating ceramic, the insulator II 4 and the insulating support rod 6 are made of polytetrafluoroethylene, the metal cathode 2 is made of titanium, the shell 5 and the positioning piece 7 are made of aluminum alloy,
the cylinder section 52 is used as a magnetic core, a magnetic field is provided by the cylinder section 52 and the electromagnetic coil 9 wound on the cylinder section, and the magnetic field rotates along with the rotation of the whole body consisting of the insulator I3, the metal cathode 2 and the shell 5, and the relative position of the whole body is unchanged. The inner hole on the cylinder section 52 is the opening of the device, the integral rotation of the insulator I3, the metal cathode 2 and the shell 5 causes the opening direction of the micro-cathode arc vector propulsion device to change,
the metal anode 1 is connected with an external control power supply through a lead, the metal cathode 2 is connected with the external control power supply through the shell 5 and the lead, the metal cathode 2 is used as a propellant of the propelling device, arc discharge can occur between the metal cathode 2 and the metal anode 1 under the control of the external control power supply, the metal cathode 2 material is ablated to generate a large amount of plasma, the spring 8 connected with the metal cathode 2 pushes the metal cathode to move, one end of the metal cathode 2 is kept clamped in the annular clamping groove 51, and the plasma is accelerated to be sprayed out under the influence of a magnetic field to generate thrust.
This application is to cube satellite's attitude control and self-propelled demand, utilize electric arc vacuum discharge technique, produce a large amount of plasmas, plasmas is under the influence of magnetic field, spout with higher speed, produce the axial thrust along the export cross-section, and simultaneously, utilize external drive device, make setting element 7 take place the translation, drive insulating branch 6, drive metal cathode 2, insulator I3, the whole of shell 5 constitution is around spherical main part 11 rotation, change micro-cathode electric arc vector advancing device's spout direction, realize vector thrust control.
The central axis of each insulating support rod 6 and the central line of the groove bottom of the sliding groove 42 connected with the central axis are positioned in the same plane. The insulating support rod 6 and the sliding groove 42 always make relative movement on the same plane, and the insulating support rod 6 is prevented from being unnecessarily twisted.
The axial cross section of the side wall of the insulator I3, the axial cross section of the side wall of the metal cathode 2 and the axial cross section of the side wall of the shell 5 are all arc-shaped structures, and the spherical surface where the inner wall of the insulator I3 is located, the spherical surface where the outer wall of the insulator I3 is located, the spherical surface where the inner wall of the metal cathode 2 is located, the spherical surface where the inner wall of the shell 5 is located and the spherical surface where the outer wall of the shell 5 is located are all arranged concentrically with the spherical main body 11. By the design, the structural matching stability of each part is ensured. The direction of the channel outlet of the thruster is convenient to change, and vector thrust is realized.
The metal anode 1 further comprises a connecting rod 12, one end of the connecting rod 12 is fixedly connected to the surface of the spherical main body 11, and the insulator II 4 is provided with a through hole and is sleeved on the connecting rod 12 in a matching mode. So that the fixation between the insulator II 4 and the spherical body 11 is firmer.
The connecting rod 12 and the insulator II 4 are both of cylindrical structures. Small and be convenient for with other device connection fixed.
The positioning piece 7 is a rack. So design, external drive device includes motor and gear drive to give the rack with power transmission through gear drive, and then drive the reciprocating motion of rack in the horizontal direction.
The two insulating support rods 6 are arranged in a manner that the straight line of the shortest distance from one end connected with the limiting retainer ring 31 to the central axis of the insulator II 4 is vertical to each other. So that the outlet direction of the channel of the propelling device can rotate towards the X direction and the Y direction, and the vector control is realized.
Each insulating support rod 6 is connected with the limiting retainer ring 31 and each insulating support rod 6 is connected with the positioning piece 7 through a spherical hinge. The ball hinge can enable the insulating support rod 6 to twist in multiple directions, and vector control is facilitated.
The number of the springs 8 is four, and the springs are uniformly distributed between the metal cathode 2 and the limiting retainer ring 31 along the circumferential direction of the insulator I3. The spring 8 is always in a compressed state, and when the cathode material is consumed, the cathode material is automatically supplied.
The other end of metal cathode 2 and the one end dislocation set who keeps away from spacing retaining ring 31 on insulator I3, and the one end outside of keeping away from spacing retaining ring 31 on insulator I3 is wrapped up to metal cathode 2. So that arc discharge can be generated between the metal cathode and the metal anode to generate titanium plasma.
Claims (9)
1. The utility model provides a ball type anodal micro-cathode electric arc vector advancing device which characterized in that: it comprises a metal anode (1), a metal cathode (2), an insulator I (3), an insulator II (4), a shell (5), two insulating support rods (6) and two positioning pieces (7),
the metal anode (1) comprises a spherical main body (11), one end of an insulator II (4) is fixedly connected with the spherical main body (11), an annular limiting boss (41) is processed at the other end of the insulator II (4), two sliding grooves (42) which are arranged along the length direction of the insulator II (4) are formed in the insulator II (4), one end of each sliding groove (42) far away from the spherical main body (11) is opened, two positioning pieces (7) are long-strip-shaped and are inserted into the two sliding grooves (42) in a one-to-one correspondence manner, each sliding groove (42) and the corresponding inserted positioning piece (7) are arranged in parallel, one end of each positioning piece (7) far away from the spherical main body (11) is positioned outside the sliding groove (42),
the insulator I (3), the metal cathode (2) and the shell (5) are all of annular structures and are sequentially sleeved outside the spherical main body (11) from inside to outside, wherein the inner wall of the insulator I (3) is arranged along the spherical surface of the spherical main body (11), the insulator I (3) is relatively rotatably connected with the spherical main body (11),
the axial section of the side wall of the insulator I (3), the axial section of the side wall of the metal cathode (2) and the axial section of the side wall of the shell (5) are all arc-shaped structures, the spherical surface of the inner wall of the insulator I (3), the spherical surface of the outer wall of the insulator I (3), the spherical surface of the inner wall of the metal cathode (2), the spherical surface of the outer wall of the metal cathode (2), the spherical surface of the inner wall of the shell (5) and the spherical surface of the outer wall of the shell (5) are all arranged concentrically with the spherical main body (11),
a limiting check ring (31) is fixedly connected to one end, close to the insulator II (4), of the insulator I (3), an insulating support rod (6) is correspondingly arranged between each positioning piece (7) and the limiting check ring (31), the insulating support rods (6) and the positioning pieces (7) and the insulating support rods (6) and the limiting check rings (31) are rotatably connected,
a plurality of springs (8) are arranged between one end of the metal cathode (2) close to the limit retainer ring (31) and the limit retainer ring (31),
annular groove (51) have been seted up along its circumference to the inner wall of shell (5), and the other end card of metal cathode (2) is established in annular groove (51), the one end and spacing retaining ring (31) rigid coupling of shell (5), and the coaxial rigid coupling of the other end of shell (5) has cylinder section (52), around being equipped with solenoid (9) on cylinder section (52), solenoid (9) and cylinder section (52) form magnetic field.
2. The micro-cathodic arc vector propulsion unit of a spherical anode of claim 1, characterized in that: the central axis of each insulating support rod (6) and the central line of the groove bottom of the sliding groove (42) connected with the central axis are positioned in the same plane.
3. The micro-cathodic arc vector propulsion device of a spherical anode according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: the straight lines of the shortest distances from one ends of the two insulation support rods (6) connected with the limiting check rings (31) to the central axis of the insulator II (4) are perpendicular to each other.
4. The micro-cathodic arc vector propulsion device of a spherical anode according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: the metal anode (1) further comprises a connecting rod (12), one end of the connecting rod (12) is fixedly connected to the surface of the spherical main body (11), and the insulator II (4) is provided with a through hole and is sleeved on the connecting rod (12) in a matching mode.
5. The micro-cathodic arc vector propulsion unit of a spherical anode according to claim 4, characterized in that: the connecting rod (12) and the insulator II (4) are both of cylindrical structures.
6. The micro-cathodic arc vector propulsion unit of a spherical anode as in claim 1, 2 or 5 characterized in that: the positioning piece (7) is a rack.
7. The micro-cathodic arc vector propulsion unit of a spherical anode according to claim 1, 2 or 5, characterized in that: and each insulating support rod (6) is connected with the limiting retainer ring (31) through a spherical hinge, and each insulating support rod (6) is connected with the positioning piece (7) through a spherical hinge.
8. The micro-cathodic arc vector propulsion unit of a spherical anode of claim 7, characterized in that: the number of the springs (8) is four, and the springs are uniformly distributed between the metal cathode (2) and the limiting retainer ring (31) along the circumferential direction of the insulator I (3).
9. The micro-cathodic arc vector propulsion device of a spherical anode according to claim 1, 2, 5 or 8, characterized in that: the other end of the metal cathode (2) and one end of the insulator I (3) far away from the limiting check ring (31) are arranged in a staggered mode, and the metal cathode (2) wraps the insulator I (3) and is far away from the outer portion of one end of the insulator I (3) far away from the limiting check ring (31).
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