CN110182071A - A kind of power follower type fuel cell vehicle energy management control method - Google Patents
A kind of power follower type fuel cell vehicle energy management control method Download PDFInfo
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- CN110182071A CN110182071A CN201910387877.3A CN201910387877A CN110182071A CN 110182071 A CN110182071 A CN 110182071A CN 201910387877 A CN201910387877 A CN 201910387877A CN 110182071 A CN110182071 A CN 110182071A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L50/00—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle
- B60L50/50—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells
- B60L50/75—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells using propulsion power supplied by both fuel cells and batteries
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
- B60L58/10—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
- B60L58/10—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
- B60L58/12—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries responding to state of charge [SoC]
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
- B60L58/30—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling fuel cells
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02T90/40—Application of hydrogen technology to transportation, e.g. using fuel cells
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- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Fuel Cell (AREA)
- Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of power follower type fuel cell vehicle energy management control methods, belong to fuel cell hybrid car technical field, for the problem that current fuel cell vehicle energy management control method can not work within optimum efficiency section according to power battery SOC and driver's power demand control power battery and fuel cell, battery life and economy are influenced.The present invention takes full advantage of the characteristic of fuel cell and power battery, the real output of control fuel cell is corresponded to according to vehicle power demand and the real-time state-of-charge of power battery, guarantee that the two works in optimum interval, fuel battery power is filtered in power battery difference state-of-charge section and slope limitation ensure that the amplitude frequent fluctuations filled or put more and avoid fuel cell output power of power battery in entire operating condition more, also increases the durability of fuel cell.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to fuel cell hybrid car technical fields, are related to a kind of for fuel cell and power battery
The energy method that carries out coordinated allocation, specially power follower type fuel cell vehicle energy management control method.
Background technique
In increasingly more stringent today of shortage and environmental regulation of petroleum resources, each state is all greatly developing new energy
Automobile, and as truly the clean energy resource of zero-emission, hydrogen fuel cell have its original advantage in application link.Fuel
Battery car can not only realize the complete replacement to gasoline on fuel, and have energy conversion efficiency height, hydrogenation time
It is short, the advantages such as course continuation mileage length.
Fuel cell hybrid car energy management control strategy is the key technology of Fuel Cell Control System.Fuel
Battery car energy source includes fuel cell and energy storage device, this energy storage device can be power battery or super electricity
Hold, the power output of fuel cell and energy storage device is distributed by energy hole algorithm real time coordination, reduces fuel cell hair
The bearing power of motivation fluctuates, and optimizes the operation interval of engine and utmostly recycles braking energy, realizes vehicle dynamical system
Economy of uniting is optimal.
For fuel cell energy administrative skill, there are following several control methods:
A kind of energy hole side for fuel cell hybrid is disclosed in Chinese patent 1 (CN104002804B)
Method obtains vehicle status data in real time, pre-stored data table is calculated according to Pang Te lia king principle of minimum, according to vehicle number
It is investigated that table obtains Motor torque demand and DCDC electric current optimal value in real time.
It is mixed to improve fuel cell that a kind of output for controlling fuel cell is disclosed in Chinese patent 2 (CN101612939B)
The method for closing the fuel efficiency of power car, fuel cell with best efficiency point constant power operation, if energy storage equipment output or
Energy is insufficient, then is directly connected to fuel cell and energy storage equipment, and the energy storage equipment during parking or low dynamics are run
When energy level increases, the power for stopping fuel cell being generated, so that fuel cell concentrates on best efficiency point operation.
Chinese patent text 3 (CN105313710A) discloses a kind of control of fuel cell hybrid car control system
Method.The fuel cell hybrid car system includes fuel cell unit, boosting inverter, battery group and motor.
The different operating condition of the method hybrid vehicle provides power instruction, system control module by Upper machine communication module
Fuel cell, battery and the matching degree for exchanging side output power last moment, fuel cell, which is calculated, to be needed to export
Power, ice storing time module detects the information such as carrying capacity of battery, decided whether by system control module calculating to storage
Battery charging, to control the charge and discharge of battery.
For control method disclosed in above patent document, without setting limit value related to clear power battery SOC
Setting principle and according to vehicle real-time status dynamic self-adapting SOC target value, be unable to control power battery in optimal effect
Charge and discharge are carried out within rate section；In addition, not accounting for being smoothed the power request signal of fuel cell, fuel
The fluctuation of the load frequent and higher magnitude of battery can reduce its durability and delivery efficiency.In addition, without setting limping mould
Formula, when the hydrogen deficient of fuel cell or failure, will lead to vehicle cannot be travelled, and reduce the reliability of system.Specially
In the control method of sharp document 1, it only considered for the DCDC optimal power under the map of each SOC and vehicle demand power point,
SOC balance is not accounted for, power battery is will lead to and overcharges or over-discharge；In the control method of patent document 2, fuel cell can be with
Power battery electricity raises and reduces frequent start/stop machine, reduces durability；In the control method of patent document 3, only disclose
Several vehicle modes do not illustrate specifically to implement control algolithm, are unfavorable for practical application.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of power follower type energy management of fuel cell hybrid car controls to calculate
Method makes fuel cell and power battery respectively work as far as possible by identifying power battery SOC and driver's power demand in real time
Between high efficient area, while the power swing of fuel cell is reduced, to improve the service life of assembly and the economy of vehicle.
Dynamical system of the present invention includes: fuel cell system, power motor, power battery；The fuel cell
System includes that fuel battery engines, boost DC-DC converter, hydrogen management system and itself attachment, fuel battery engines pass through
Boost DC-DC converter is in parallel with power battery to be exported for electrical machine with power；Fuel cell control unit, power battery control
Unit, motor control unit and entire car controller form vehicle local CAN network by vehicle CAN line, carry out information exchange.
The fuel cell hybrid energy management control method, comprising the following steps:
(1) vehicle assembly information is acquired in real time, and the vehicle assembly information includes power battery charged state SOCactual、
Power battery electric current Ibat, power battery voltage Ubat, power battery charge power allowable be Pbat_charge, power battery is allowable puts
Electrical power is Pbat_discharge, fuel cell system power PFC, motor speed nTM, electric efficiency ηTM, motor allowable torque ability
TMotor_available, vehicle high-voltage accessory power Pacc, vehicle velocity V, accelerator pedal aperture
(2) according to accelerator pedal apertureVehicle velocity V, motor allowable torque ability TMotor_availableCalculate operator demand
Torque Treq；
For matched motor characteristic, corresponding motor allowable torque ability T under each vehicle velocity V is providedMotor_available；
Operator demand's torque:
(3) according to operator demand's torque Treq, motor speed nTM, electric efficiency ηTMCalculate operator demand's power Preq,
(4) vehicle demand power P is calculated according to operator demand's power and vehicle high-voltage accessory powerveh
Pveh=Preq+Pacc
(5) according to the characterisitic parameter of matched power battery, optimal efficiency for charge-discharge and durability are considered, according to power electric
Optimal control target SOC is arranged in pond bench testtarget, the efficiency of operation power battery is best at this SOC and longest-lived.
Calculate expectation power battery output power Pbat,
Wherein, Qbat、tintFor setting value, respectively power battery utilisable energy and optimal SOC target expected time；
The SOCtargetIt can be adjusted according to the real-time speed of vehicle, SOC higher is by SOCtargetIt turns down, SOC is lower
When by SOCtargetIt is turned up；
The PbatSymbol is timing, and calculated value is that power battery it is expected discharge power；PbatWhen symbol is negative, calculated value is
Power battery it is expected charge power；
(6) according to the characteristic of matched power battery, voltage best effort area, the charging voltage upper limit of power battery are obtained
With discharge voltage lower limit, by two voltage limits it is corresponding obtain power battery allow using the section SOC upper limit value be
SOCavailable_max, power battery allow using SOC interval limit value be SOCavailable_min；The characteristic of fuel cell
Parameter sets the optimum efficiency operating point of fuel cell as PFC_Optimal, the minimum power operating point of fuel cell is PFC_min,
The rated power point of fuel cell is PFC_max。
For power battery charged state SOC and vehicle demand power Pveh, meet: SOC≤SOCavailable_minWhen, it moves
Power battery capacity is in extremely low state-of-charge, leads to over-discharge in order to avoid power battery SOC persistently drops, and limits driver
Demand power, entire car controller be sent to Fuel Cell Control System power request output be fuel cell rated power and
Vehicle demand power gets the small value plus power battery charge power allowable, i.e. PFC=min { PFC_max, Pveh+Pbat_charge}；
SOCavailable_min< SOC < SOCtargetWhen, power battery capacity is in lower state-of-charge, and entire car controller requests fuel
Battery control system output is that vehicle demand power adds power battery expectation charge power and vehicle demand power adds power
Battery charge power allowable gets the small value, i.e. PFC=min { Pveh+Pbat, Pveh+Pbat_charge}；SOC=SOCtargetWhen, vehicle control
Device request fuel cell system output processed is vehicle demand power, i.e. PFC=Pveh；SOCtarget< SOC < SOCavailable_max
When, power battery capacity is in more highly charged state, and it is fuel cell that entire car controller, which requests Fuel Cell Control System output,
Minimum power and vehicle demand power subtract power battery discharge power allowable and take large values, i.e. PFC=max { Pveh-
Pbat_discharge, PFC_min}；SOC≥SOCavailable_maxWhen, power battery capacity is in high state-of-charge, in order to avoid dynamic
Power battery SOC is excessively high to be caused to overcharge, and entire car controller requests fuel cell system to be shut down.
The high state-of-charge, more highly charged state, lower state-of-charge, extremely low state-of-charge are by power battery control
Unit processed calculates and sends the not same district that the real time electrical quantity of power battery is in after acquiring according to electricity to vehicle CAN network, HCU
Between judged.
(7) characteristic of fuel cell, to step 6 fuel battery power value request (hereinafter referred to as function calculated
Rate value request) it is modified, when power request value is between fuel cell high efficient area, processing is not modified to it, when
When power request value is in fuel cell poor efficiency section, power request value is offset to high efficient district boundary value.Meanwhile working as power
When battery charge state is lower than optimal control target SOC, the minimum charge power to power battery is set；When power battery charged
When state is higher than optimal control target SOC, the minimum discharge power to power battery is set.
Between the fuel cell high efficient area, inefficient section be to be emulated by fuel cell mode and combine engine pedestal
Test sets power interval of the fuel cell system efficiency greater than or equal to 50% as between high efficient area, sets fuel cell system
Efficiency of uniting is inefficient section lower than the power interval in 50%.
(8) request of calculated fuel battery power is filtered and slope limits, and according to the charged of power battery
State adjusts the size of filter factor and slope limit value, reduces fall off rate, power battery when power battery charged state is lower
Reduce climbing speed when state-of-charge is higher, the frequent fluctuation and output power amplitude for avoiding fuel cell load changed
Greatly, the economy and durability of fuel cell system are improved.
Following steps are further comprised in the energy management control method:
When the vehicle carries out Brake energy recovery, fuel battery power is reduced to minimum power operating point, it is maximum
The recycling braking energy of limit；
When the state-of-charge of the electrokinetic cell system is excessively high, orderly closedown processing is carried out to fuel cell, is closed simultaneously
Boost DC-DC converter is closed, is connect with fuel shutoff battery with the energy of motor bus, while power battery being made to undertake vehicle
Power demand；
When exception, which occurs, in the fuel cell system is unable to output power, fuel cell system is carried out at emergency shutdown
Reason simultaneously closes off boost DC-DC converter, and switching fuel cell is connect with the energy of motor bus, while undertakes power battery
The power demand of vehicle；
Beneficial effects of the present invention:
Energy management control method provided by the invention is directed to fuel cell hybrid system, takes full advantage of fuel electricity
The characteristic in pond and power battery corresponds to control fuel cell according to vehicle power demand and the real-time state-of-charge of power battery
Real output, at the same can reclaiming braking energy to greatest extent, in power battery difference state-of-charge section pair
Fuel battery power carries out different degrees of filtering and ramp, while ensure that power battery fill or put more more in entire operating condition
With the amplitude frequent fluctuation for avoiding fuel cell output power, the efficiency of fuel cell and power battery is made to have reached optimal,
Also increase the durability of fuel cell.In addition, insufficient or when breaking down in fuel cell hydrogen surplus, by fuel cell from
It is stripped out in vehicle energy feed system, is vehicle power supply using the energy of power battery, improves entire energy management system
The reliability of system.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 show the Energy Management System configuration for the fuel cell hybrid electric vehicle vehicle that the present invention is suitable for；
Fig. 2 show power battery charged state interval division schematic diagram of the present invention；
Fig. 3 show the energy management control method flow chart of fuel cell hybrid of the present invention；
Fig. 4 is shown between fuel cell high efficient area of the present invention and operating point divides schematic diagram；
Fig. 5 show energy management control algolithm frame of the present invention.
Specific embodiment
The present invention is described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawing.
Fig. 1 is a kind of Energy Management System configuration of fuel cell hybrid vehicle that the present invention is applicable.It is described such as figure
System include fuel cell system and fuel cell control unit, power battery and power battery control unit, DCDC transformation
Device and DCDC control unit, power motor and power motor control unit and some other control units and component.The combustion
Expect that battery system includes fuel battery engines, boost DC-DC converter, hydrogen management system and itself attachment, energy transmission path
Power motor is supplied energy to by the way that boost DC-DC converter is in parallel with power battery for fuel battery engines, power motor is defeated
Torque out is eventually transferred into road wheel end by drive axle, realizes vehicle traction.Wherein fuel cell control unit, power battery
Control unit, power battery control unit and entire car controller form vehicle local CAN network by vehicle CAN line, carry out letter
Breath interaction, entire car controller HCU are responsible for coordinating energy distribution, realize that economy is optimal under the premise of guaranteeing safety.
Fig. 2 is power battery charged state interval division schematic diagram in the present invention.According to the characteristic of matched power battery
Parameter considers the optimal efficiency for charge-discharge of power battery and durability, optimal control target SOC is arrangedtarget, power battery charged
State range is 0-100%, allow using the section SOC upper limit value be SOCavailable_max, allow using the section the SOC upper limit
Value is SOCavailable_min；The extremely low state-of-charge of power battery, meets 0≤SOC≤SOCavailable_min；The power electric
The lower state-of-charge in pond, meets SOCavailable_min< SOC < SOCtarget；The more highly charged state of power battery, meets
SOCtarget< SOC < SOCavailable_max；The highly charged state of power battery electrode, meets SOC >=SOCavailable_max。
Fig. 3 is the energy management control method flow chart of fuel cell hybrid of the present invention.The energy management
Control method the following steps are included:
(1) vehicle assembly information is acquired in real time, and the vehicle assembly information includes but is not limited to power battery charged state
SOCactual, power battery electric current Ibat, power battery voltage Ubat, power battery charge power allowable be Pbat_charge, power electric
Pond discharge power allowable is Pbat_discharge, fuel cell system power PFC, motor speed nTM, electric efficiency ηTM, vehicle high-voltage
Accessory power Pacc, vehicle velocity V, accelerator pedal aperture
(2) according to accelerator pedal apertureOperator demand's torque T is calculated with vehicle velocity Vreq；
(3) according to operator demand's torque Treq, motor speed nTM, electric efficiency ηTMCalculate operator demand's power Preq,
(4) vehicle demand power P is calculated according to operator demand's power and vehicle high-voltage accessory powerveh,
Pveh=Preq+Pacc
(5) according to the characterisitic parameter of matched power battery, consider the optimal efficiency for charge-discharge and durability of power battery,
Optimal control target SOC is settarget, calculate expectation power battery output power Pbat,
Wherein, Qbat、tintFor setting value, respectively power battery utilisable energy and optimal SOC target expected time；
The SOCtargetIt can be adjusted according to the real-time speed of vehicle, SOC higher is by SOCtargetIt turns down, SOC is lower
When by SOCtargetIt is turned up；
The PbatSymbol is timing, and calculated value is that power battery it is expected discharge power；PbatWhen symbol is negative, calculated value is
Power battery it is expected charge power；The PbatValue is within the scope of power battery charging and discharging capabilities allowable.
The tintCan the life cycle according to locating for power battery state and vehicle be adjusted, with adjustment algorithm to most
The sensibility of excellent target SOC balance.
(6) according to the characterisitic parameter of power battery, set power battery allow using the section SOC upper limit value as
SOCavailable_max, power battery allow using the section SOC upper limit value be SOCavailable_min；The characteristic of fuel cell
Parameter sets the optimum efficiency operating point of fuel cell as PFC_Optimal, the minimum power operating point of fuel cell is PFC_min,
The rated power point of fuel cell is PFC_matx。
For power battery charged state SOC and vehicle demand power Pveh, meet: SOC≤SOCavailable_minWhen, it moves
Power battery capacity is in extremely low state-of-charge, leads to over-discharge in order to avoid power battery SOC persistently drops, and limits driver
Demand power, entire car controller be sent to Fuel Cell Control System power request output be fuel cell rated power and
Vehicle demand power gets the small value plus power battery charge power allowable, i.e. PFC=min { PFC_max, Pveh+Pbatcharge}；
SOCavailable_min< SOC < SOCtargetWhen, power battery capacity is in lower state-of-charge, and entire car controller requests fuel
Battery control system output is that vehicle demand power adds power battery expectation charge power and vehicle demand power adds power
Battery charge power allowable gets the small value, i.e. PFC=min { Pveh+Pbat, Pveh+Pbat_charge}；SOC=SOCtargetWhen, vehicle control
Device request fuel cell system output processed is vehicle demand power, i.e. PFC=Pveh；SOCtarget< SOC < SOCavailable_max
When, power battery capacity is in more highly charged state, and it is fuel cell that entire car controller, which requests Fuel Cell Control System output,
Minimum power and vehicle demand power subtract power battery discharge power allowable and take large values, i.e. PFC=max { Pveh-
Pbat_discharge, PFC_min}；SOC≥SOCavailable_maxWhen, power battery capacity is in high state-of-charge, in order to avoid dynamic
Power battery SOC is excessively high to be caused to overcharge, and entire car controller requests fuel cell system to be shut down.
The high state-of-charge, more highly charged state, lower state-of-charge, extremely low state-of-charge are by power battery control
Unit processed calculates and sends the not same district that the real time electrical quantity of power battery is in after acquiring according to electricity to vehicle CAN network, HCU
Between judged.
(7) characteristic of fuel cell considers the efficiency of fuel cell, to step 6 fuel battery power calculated
Value request (hereinafter referred to as power request value) is modified.
(8) request of calculated fuel battery power is filtered and slope limits.
Following steps are further comprised in the energy management control method:
When the vehicle carries out Brake energy recovery, fuel battery power is reduced to minimum power operating point, it is maximum
The recycling braking energy of limit；
When the state-of-charge of the electrokinetic cell system is excessively high, orderly closedown processing is carried out to fuel cell, is closed simultaneously
Boost DC-DC converter is closed, is connect with fuel shutoff battery with the energy of motor bus, while power battery undertakes the function of vehicle
Rate demand；
When exception, which occurs, in the fuel cell system is unable to output power, fuel cell system is carried out at emergency shutdown
Reason, simultaneously close off boost DC-DC converter, fuel shutoff battery is connect with the energy of motor bus, at the same power battery undertake it is whole
The power demand of vehicle；
Fig. 4 is that between fuel cell high efficient area and operating point divides schematic diagram in the present invention.As shown, according to fuel electricity
Pond characterisitic parameter sets fuel cell minimum power operating point as PFC_min, rated power operating point is PFC_max, under high efficient area
Limit power points is PFC_optimal_min, optimum efficiency operating point is PFC_Optimal, Upper Bound Power point in high efficient area is PFC_opttmal_max。
Fuel battery power is requested to correct in the step 6, comprising: when power request value is between fuel cell high efficient area,
It is not handled；When power request value is lower than between high efficient area, power request value is offset to high efficient area lower limit；When
When power request value is higher than between high efficient area, power request value is offset to the high efficient area upper limit；Meanwhile when power battery charged
When state is lower than optimal control target SOC, the minimum charge power to power battery is set；When power battery charged state height
When optimal control target SOC, the minimum discharge power to power battery is set.
Between the fuel cell high efficient area, inefficient section be to be emulated by fuel cell mode and combine engine pedestal
Test sets power interval of the fuel cell system efficiency greater than or equal to 50% as between high efficient area, sets fuel cell system
Efficiency of uniting is inefficient section lower than the power interval in 50%.
Fig. 5 is energy management control algolithm frame of the present invention.It is specifically divided into power battery charge-discharge electric power calculation part
Divide, fuel battery power request calculating section, fuel battery power request amendment part, power filter and the part ramp.It is described
Fuel battery power request is filtered in step 8 and slope limits, and is adjusted and is filtered according to the state-of-charge of power battery
The size of coefficient and slope limit value, frequent fluctuation and the variation of output power amplitude for avoiding fuel cell load are excessive, improve
The economy and durability of fuel cell system.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of power follower type fuel cell vehicle energy management control method, comprising the following steps:
(1) vehicle assembly information is acquired in real time, and the vehicle assembly information includes power battery charged state SOCactual, power
Battery current Ibat, power battery voltage Ubat, power battery charge power allowable be Pbat_charge, power battery electric discharge function allowable
Rate is Pbat_discharge, fuel cell system power PFC, motor speed nTM, electric efficiency ηTM, motor allowable torque ability
TMotor_available, vehicle high-voltage accessory power Pacc, vehicle velocity V, accelerator pedal aperture
(2) according to accelerator pedal apertureVehicle velocity V, motor allowable torque ability TMotor_availableCalculate operator demand's torque
Treq；
For matched motor characteristic, corresponding motor allowable torque ability T under each vehicle velocity V is providedMotor_available；
Operator demand's torque:
(3) according to operator demand's torque Treq, motor speed nTM, electric efficiency ηTMCalculate operator demand's power Preq,
(4) vehicle demand power P is calculated according to operator demand's power and vehicle high-voltage accessory powerveh
Pveh=Preq+Pacc
(5) according to the characterisitic parameter of matched power battery, optimal efficiency for charge-discharge and durability are considered, according to power battery platform
Frame test setting optimal control target SOCtarget, the efficiency of operation power battery is best at this SOC and longest-lived；
Calculate expectation power battery output power Pbat,
Wherein, Qbat、tintFor setting value, respectively power battery utilisable energy and optimal SOC target expected time；
The SOCtargetIt can be adjusted according to the real-time speed of vehicle, SOC higher is by SOCtargetIt turns down, it will when SOC is lower
SOCtargetIt is turned up；
The PbatSymbol is timing, and calculated value is that power battery it is expected discharge power；PbatWhen symbol is negative, calculated value is power
Battery it is expected charge power；
(6) according to the characteristic of matched power battery, the voltage best effort area of power battery, the charging voltage upper limit is obtained and is put
Piezoelectric voltage lower limit, by two voltage limits it is corresponding obtain power battery allow using the section SOC upper limit value be
SOCavailable_max, power battery allow using SOC interval limit value be SOCavailable_min；The characteristic of fuel cell
Parameter sets the optimum efficiency operating point of fuel cell as PFC_Optimal, the minimum power operating point of fuel cell is PFC_min,
The rated power point of fuel cell is PFC_max；
For power battery charged state SOC and vehicle demand power Pveh, meet: SOC≤SOCavailable_minWhen, power battery
Capacity is in extremely low state-of-charge, leads to over-discharge in order to avoid power battery SOC persistently drops, and limits operator demand's function
Rate, the power request output that entire car controller is sent to Fuel Cell Control System is that the rated power of fuel cell and vehicle need
Power is asked to get the small value plus power battery charge power allowable, i.e. PFC=min { PFC_max,Pveh+Pbat_charge}；
SOCavailable_min< SOC < SOCtargetWhen, power battery capacity is in lower state-of-charge, and entire car controller requests fuel
Battery control system output is that vehicle demand power adds power battery expectation charge power and vehicle demand power adds power
Battery charge power allowable gets the small value, i.e. PFC=min { Pveh+Pbat,Pveh+Pbat_charge}；SOC=SOCtargetWhen, vehicle control
Device request fuel cell system output processed is vehicle demand power, i.e. PFC=Pveh；SOCtarget< SOC < SOCavailable_max
When, power battery capacity is in more highly charged state, and it is fuel cell that entire car controller, which requests Fuel Cell Control System output,
Minimum power and vehicle demand power subtract power battery discharge power allowable and take large values, i.e. PFC=max { Pveh-
Pbat_discharge,PFC_min}；SOC≥SOCavailable_maxWhen, power battery capacity is in high state-of-charge, in order to avoid dynamic
Power battery SOC is excessively high to be caused to overcharge, and entire car controller requests fuel cell system to be shut down；
The high state-of-charge, more highly charged state, lower state-of-charge, extremely low state-of-charge are to control list by power battery
Member calculates and sends the real time electrical quantity of power battery to vehicle CAN network, the different sections that HCU is in after acquiring according to electricity into
Row judgement；
7) characteristic of fuel cell is modified step 6 fuel battery power value request calculated, works as fuel cell
When power request value is between fuel cell high efficient area, processing is not modified to it, at fuel battery power value request
When fuel cell poor efficiency section, fuel battery power value request is offset to high efficient district boundary value；Meanwhile working as power battery
When state-of-charge is lower than optimal control target SOC, the minimum charge power to power battery is set；Work as power battery charged state
When higher than optimal control target SOC, the minimum discharge power to power battery is set；
Between the fuel cell high efficient area, inefficient section be emulate and combine engine pedestal by fuel cell mode to survey
Examination sets power interval of the fuel cell system efficiency greater than or equal to 50% as between high efficient area, sets fuel cell system
Efficiency is inefficient section lower than the power interval in 50%；
8) request of calculated fuel battery power is filtered and slope limits.
2. power follower type fuel cell vehicle energy management control method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that step
It is rapid 8) to calculated fuel battery power request be filtered and slope limit, with specific reference to the state-of-charge tune of power battery
The size of whole filter factor and slope limit value reduces fall off rate, power battery charged shape when power battery charged state is lower
Reduce climbing speed when state is higher.
3. power follower type fuel cell vehicle energy management control method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that should
Method is further comprising the steps of: when the vehicle carries out Brake energy recovery, fuel battery power being reduced to minimum power
Operating point.
4. power follower type fuel cell vehicle energy management control method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that should
Method is further comprising the steps of: when the state-of-charge of the electrokinetic cell system is excessively high, carrying out orderly closedown to fuel cell
Processing, is simultaneously closed off boost DC-DC converter, is connect with fuel shutoff battery with the energy of motor bus, while making power battery
Undertake the power demand of vehicle.
5. power follower type fuel cell vehicle energy management control method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that should
Method is further comprising the steps of: when the fuel cell system occur it is abnormal be unable to output power when, to fuel cell system into
The processing of row emergency shutdown, simultaneously closes off boost DC-DC converter, and switching fuel cell connect with the energy of motor bus, makes simultaneously
Power battery undertakes the power demand of vehicle.
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