CN110181628B - Environment-friendly high-strength heat-treated rubber wood and modification method thereof - Google Patents
Environment-friendly high-strength heat-treated rubber wood and modification method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- 229920002531 Rubberwood Polymers 0.000 title claims abstract description 54
- 238000002715 modification method Methods 0.000 title abstract description 7
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 100
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- XOFYZVNMUHMLCC-ZPOLXVRWSA-N prednisone Chemical compound O=C1C=C[C@]2(C)[C@H]3C(=O)C[C@](C)([C@@](CC4)(O)C(=O)CO)[C@@H]4[C@@H]3CCC2=C1 XOFYZVNMUHMLCC-ZPOLXVRWSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000012792 core layer Substances 0.000 claims description 63
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 abstract description 13
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 6
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 abstract description 6
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000010875 treated wood Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 abstract 3
- 229920001587 Wood-plastic composite Polymers 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000011155 wood-plastic composite Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 10
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 10
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 10
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000003750 conditioning effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 206010003549 asthenia Diseases 0.000 description 2
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000003763 carbonization Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000013043 chemical agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000280 densification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007731 hot pressing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005470 impregnation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920000877 Melamine resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002950 deficient Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- -1 melamine modified urea-formaldehyde resin Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000003607 modifier Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009656 pre-carbonization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005979 thermal decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
- B27K—PROCESSES, APPARATUS OR SELECTION OF SUBSTANCES FOR IMPREGNATING, STAINING, DYEING, BLEACHING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS, OR TREATING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS WITH PERMEANT LIQUIDS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL TREATMENT OF CORK, CANE, REED, STRAW OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- B27K1/00—Damping wood
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
- B27K—PROCESSES, APPARATUS OR SELECTION OF SUBSTANCES FOR IMPREGNATING, STAINING, DYEING, BLEACHING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS, OR TREATING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS WITH PERMEANT LIQUIDS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL TREATMENT OF CORK, CANE, REED, STRAW OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- B27K5/00—Treating of wood not provided for in groups B27K1/00, B27K3/00
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
- B27K—PROCESSES, APPARATUS OR SELECTION OF SUBSTANCES FOR IMPREGNATING, STAINING, DYEING, BLEACHING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS, OR TREATING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS WITH PERMEANT LIQUIDS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL TREATMENT OF CORK, CANE, REED, STRAW OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- B27K5/00—Treating of wood not provided for in groups B27K1/00, B27K3/00
- B27K5/0085—Thermal treatments, i.e. involving chemical modification of wood at temperatures well over 100°C
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Forests & Forestry (AREA)
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- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical And Physical Treatments For Wood And The Like (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses an environment-friendly high-strength heat-treated rubber wood and a modification method thereof. The color difference delta E of the environment-friendly high-strength heat-treated rubber wood is 18-30, and the density is 0.62-0.68 g/cm3The water content is 6-6.3%; the grain-following compressive strength is 38-45 MPa, and the screw holding force is 1800-2200N. The method of the invention comprises the following steps: drying, humidifying, heating, preserving heat, reducing the strength with low loss and efficiently cooling, and cooling. The invention can effectively control the strength loss and prepare the high-strength heat treatment material on the premise of greatly improving the dimensional stability of the wood. Meanwhile, the treatment process has no chemical pollution, high production efficiency, low cost, simple operation, high efficiency and environmental protection. The dimension stability and the decorative performance of the wood are improved, the defect of low strength of the heat-treated wood is overcome, and the wood-plastic composite material can be widely applied to wood product industries such as solid wood floors, solid wood furniture, solid wood doors and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of wood modification and wood product production processes, and particularly relates to an environment-friendly high-strength heat-treated rubber wood and a modification method thereof.
Background
The high-temperature heat treatment is also called carbonization treatment, and generally refers to a process method for modifying wood under high-temperature conditions (160-250 ℃) by using normal-pressure superheated steam, inert gas, hot oil and the like as heating media in an oxygen-deficient or oxygen-reduced environment. And the high-temperature heat treatment is used as a physical active modification method, no chemical agent is used, the moisture absorption and absorption phenomena of the wood are effectively improved by changing the chemical components and the biological structure of the wood, the dimensional stability of the wood is improved, the decorative performance is enhanced by heat color change, and the method is a high-efficiency environment-friendly wood modification technology which is accepted by consumers. But after the modification by high-temperature heat treatment, the chemical components and the structure of the wood are changed, so that the wood material becomes brittle, the density is reduced, the strength is obviously reduced, particularly, the screw holding force is seriously damaged, the loss rate is up to 45 percent, the quality of a finished product of the high-temperature heat-treated wood is seriously influenced, the application range of the heat-treated wood is greatly limited, and the high-temperature heat-treated wood is only used in the fields such as decorative materials and the like which have low requirements on mechanical properties.
Aiming at the technical problem of large strength loss of high-temperature heat treatment materials, a common solution is to combine with other modification methods. Chinese patent 'CN 102107447A' discloses a wooden section and a preparation method thereof, which comprises the steps of preparing wood, drying and planing, then carrying out hot-pressing densification on the wood by using a hot-pressing plate at 140-200 ℃, then respectively carrying out pre-carbonization and carbonization at 160-200 ℃ and 200-225 ℃, and finally cooling and controlling the water content to obtain the section. Although the method can effectively improve the strength of the wood, the process is complicated, the period is long, the compression and densification bring the waste of the wood volume, and the problem of high strength loss of the high-temperature heat treatment material cannot be efficiently solved. Chinese patent CN104924383A discloses a modification process for improving wood strength and weather resistance, which comprises preparing impregnation liquid from melamine modified urea-formaldehyde resin and other modifiers, impregnating wood in a sealed impregnation tank under vacuum pressure, and heat-treating the dried wood under vacuum. Although the method can obviously improve the strength and the weather resistance of the wood, the method has the problem that the environment is easily polluted by adding chemical agents in the treatment process. Meanwhile, the existing heat treatment method mainly realizes wood thermal modification by controlling the temperature of a medium, which leads the existing heat treatment method to be insensitive to the control of the treatment temperature, thus easily causing the problem of large difference of the wood properties among heat treatment wood batches and influencing the quality of finished products and subsequent use.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects and shortcomings of the prior art, the invention primarily aims to provide the environment-friendly high-strength heat-treated oak.
The invention also aims to provide a modification method of the environment-friendly high-strength heat-treated oak. According to the method, in the high-temperature thermal modification process, the method of controlling the heating rate of the medium and the wood core layer in the heating stage and the cooling rate in the cooling stage is adopted, so that the thermal degradation time of the wood in the high-temperature stage is greatly shortened, the aim of reducing the strength loss is fulfilled, and the technical problems of pollution and great reduction of the strength of the obtained modified wood in the prior art are solved.
The purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
the environment-friendly high-strength heat-treated rubber wood has the color difference delta E of 18-30 and the density of 0.62-0.68 g/cm3The water content is 6-6.3%; the grain-following compressive strength is 38-45 MPa, and the screw holding force is 1800-2200N.
The method for modifying the environment-friendly high-strength heat-treated rubber wood comprises the following specific steps:
s1, drying: heating the dry balls in the kiln to 110-120 ℃, heating the wet balls to 90-100 ℃, heating the rubber wood core layer to 100-110 ℃, wherein the temperature difference between the dry balls and the wet balls is 15-20 ℃ in the heating process, and the temperature difference between the dry balls and the rubber wood core layer is 0-10 ℃;
s2, humidifying: keeping the dry bulb temperature at 120-125 ℃, keeping the temperature of the rubber wood core layer at 115-125 ℃, and heating the wet bulb temperature to be between IV and 100-110 ℃;
s3, heating: heating the dry balls in the kiln to the temperature of between V and 180 and 220 ℃, and keeping the temperature of the wet balls at 100 to 110 ℃; raising the temperature VI of the rubber-wood core layer to 180-220 ℃, wherein the temperature difference between the dry-bulb temperature and the rubber-wood core layer is 5-20 ℃;
s4, heat preservation: keeping the dry bulb temperature at 180-220 ℃, keeping the wet bulb temperature at 100-110 ℃, keeping the rubber wood core layer temperature at 180-220 ℃, and keeping the temperature for 1-3 h; the temperature difference between the dry bulb temperature and the rubber wood core layer is 0-8 ℃;
s5, high-efficiency cooling with low strength loss: after the heat preservation is finished, the temperature of a dry bulb is reduced to 120-160 ℃, the temperature of a rubber wood core layer is reduced to 120-155 ℃, and the temperature of a wet bulb is kept at 100-108 ℃; the temperature difference between the dry bulb temperature and the rubber wood core layer is 5-20 ℃;
s6, cooling: and respectively cooling the dry ball, the wet ball and the rubber wood core layer to 60-80 ℃, and taking out the plate to obtain the environment-friendly high-strength heat-treated rubber wood.
Preferably, in the step S1, the temperature rise rate I is 10-30 ℃/h, the temperature rise rate II is 20-23 ℃/h, and the temperature rise rate III is 5-30 ℃/h; the speed of the IV in the step S2 is 20-23 ℃/h; in the step S3, the temperature raising rate V is 15-30 ℃/h, and the temperature raising rate VI is 10-25 ℃/h; in the step S5, the rate of cooling I is 3-5 ℃/min, and the rate of cooling II is 2-3 ℃/min.
More preferably, in the step S1, the temperature rise rate I is 20-25 ℃/h, the temperature rise rate II is 15-20 ℃/h, and the temperature rise rate III is 8-25 ℃/h; the speed of the IV in the step S2 is 15-20 ℃/h; in the step S3, the temperature raising V is at a rate of 20-25 ℃/h, and the temperature raising VI is at a rate of 18-22 ℃/h; in the step S5, the rate of cooling I is 1-5 ℃/min, and the rate of cooling II is 0.5-3 ℃/min.
Preferably, the density of the rubber wood in the step S1 is 0.7-0.75 g/cm3And the initial water content is 12-18%.
Preferably, the temperature of the wet bulb in the step S2 is raised to 103-108 ℃; keeping the temperature of the dry balls at 120-122 ℃; the temperature of the rubber wood core layer is kept at 120-122 ℃.
Preferably, the temperature of the dry bulb in the kiln in the step S3 is raised to 190-210 ℃, the temperature of the wet bulb is kept at 103-108 ℃, the temperature of the rubber wood core layer is raised to VI-190-210 ℃, and the temperature difference between the dry bulb temperature and the wood core layer is 5-15 ℃.
Preferably, the heat preservation time in the step S4 is 1.5-2 h, and the temperature difference between the dry bulb temperature and the wood core layer is 0-5 ℃.
Preferably, the temperature of the dry bulb in the step S5 is reduced to 100-110 ℃, and the temperature of the wet bulb is kept at 103-108 ℃; cooling the temperature of the wood core layer to 120-125 ℃; the temperature difference between the dry bulb temperature and the rubber wood core layer is 5-15 ℃.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the invention shortens the unnecessary modification time of the wood at the high-temperature stage by controlling the cooling rate of the high-temperature stage in the high-temperature heat treatment process, thereby reducing the thermal decomposition degree and energy consumption of the wood, reducing the strength loss and energy of the wood while ensuring the improvement of the stability, and effectively improving the production efficiency.
2. According to the invention, by controlling the temperature of the wood core layer, utilizing the humidity adjusting step between the two temperature rising stages and adopting different temperature rising rates in the two temperature rising stages, the defect of cracking generated during rapid temperature rising of the wood is overcome, so that the temperature rising efficiency is improved, the temperature rising time is shortened, and meanwhile, the strength loss caused by excessive degradation of the wood and the wood defect caused by residual internal stress of the wood are prevented, thereby improving the stability of the wood.
3. According to the invention, the high-temperature heat treatment is carried out on the wood by controlling the temperature change rate of the medium and the wood core layer, so that the operation is more flexible, convenient and accurate, the heat treatment process of the wood is more accurately controlled, and the performance of the obtained wood is more consistent.
Detailed Description
The following examples are presented to further illustrate the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the invention.
Example 1
In this example, the modified rubber wood was used at a density of 0.7g/cm3The water content was 14%. The compression strength along the grain is 47.92MPa, and the screw holding force is 2271.43N.
(1) And (3) a drying stage: the temperature of the dry balls in the kiln is increased from room temperature to 120 ℃, and the temperature increasing rate is 30 ℃/h; the temperature of the wood core layer is increased from room temperature to 110 ℃, and the temperature increasing rate is 25 ℃/h; the temperature rise process ensures that the temperature difference between the dry and wet spheres is 20 ℃ and the temperature difference between the dry sphere and the wood core layer is 10 ℃.
(2) A humidity conditioning stage: the wet bulb temperature is rapidly raised to 104 ℃, the dry bulb temperature is kept at 120 ℃, and the wood core layer temperature is kept at 120 ℃.
(3) A temperature rising stage: the temperature of the dry balls in the kiln is continuously increased to 210 ℃, and the temperature increasing rate is 25 ℃/h; the wet bulb temperature was maintained at 104 ℃; heating the wood core layer to 210 ℃ at a heating rate of 20 ℃/h; the temperature difference between the dry bulb temperature and the wood core layer in the temperature rising process is 13 ℃.
(4) And (3) a heat preservation stage: the dry bulb temperature is kept at 210 ℃, the wet bulb temperature is kept at 104 ℃, the wood core layer temperature is kept at 210 ℃, the heat preservation time is 2 hours, and the temperature difference between the dry bulb temperature and the wood core layer is 0 ℃.
(5) And (3) a low-intensity and low-loss high-efficiency cooling stage: after the heat preservation is finished, the temperature of the dry ball is reduced to 105 ℃, and the temperature reduction rate is 3 ℃/min; the temperature of the wood core layer is reduced to 122 ℃, and the temperature reduction rate is 2.5 ℃/min; the wet bulb temperature was maintained at 104 ℃ and the difference between the dry bulb temperature and the wood core temperature was 17 ℃.
(6) And (3) a cooling stage: and cooling the temperature of the dry ball, the wet ball and the wood core layer to 60 ℃, and taking out the plate to obtain the heat-treated rubber wood.
Determining the equilibrium moisture content and density of the wood under the environment with the temperature of 20 ℃ and the humidity of 65% by referring to GB/T1931-2009 method for determining moisture content of the wood and GB/T1936.1-2009 method for determining density of the wood; the pressure strength along the grain and the screw holding force of the wood are respectively measured by referring to GB/T1935-2009 test method for the pressure strength along the grain of the wood and GB/T17657-2013 test method for the physical and chemical properties of the artificial board and the veneer artificial board. Values of L, a and b before and after the treatment of the wood are measured by a full-automatic color difference meter, and a color difference delta E is calculated by a formula (1).
Wherein, in the formula: and delta E is the color difference value, delta L is the lightness difference value before and after processing, delta a is the red-green axis chromaticity index difference value before and after processing, and delta b is the yellow-blue axis chromaticity index difference value before and after processing. A positive value of Δ L indicates white, and a negative value of Δ L indicates black; a positive value of Δ a indicates a reddish bias, and a negative value of Δ a indicates a greenish bias; a positive value of Δ b indicates a yellow bias, and a negative value of Δ b indicates a blue bias.
The obtained heat-treated rubber wood had a water content of 6.04% and a density of 0.63g/cm3Δ E was 29.72. The grain-following compressive strength is 38.76MPa, the screw holding force is 1821.73N, and the loss rates are 19.12 percent and 19.80 percent respectively.
Example 2
This example modified Thailand rubber wood,the density of the rubber wood used was 0.72g/cm3The water content was 13.6%. The compression strength along the grain is 49.34MPa, and the screw holding force is 2319.21N.
(1) And (3) a drying stage: the temperature of the dry balls in the kiln is increased from room temperature to 120 ℃, and the temperature increasing rate is 25 ℃/h; the temperature of the wood core layer is increased from room temperature to 110 ℃, and the temperature increasing rate is 25 ℃/h; the temperature rise process ensures that the temperature difference between the dry and wet spheres is 20 ℃ and the temperature difference between the dry sphere and the wood core layer is 10 ℃.
(2) A humidity conditioning stage: the wet bulb temperature is rapidly raised to 104 ℃, the dry bulb temperature is kept at 120 ℃, and the wood core layer temperature is kept at 120 ℃.
(3) A temperature rising stage: continuously heating the temperature of the dry balls in the kiln to 200 ℃, wherein the heating rate is 28 ℃/h; the wet bulb temperature was maintained at 104 ℃; heating the wood core layer to 200 ℃, wherein the heating rate is 21 ℃/h; the temperature difference between the dry ball temperature and the wood core layer in the temperature rise process is 6 DEG C
(4) And (3) a heat preservation stage: the dry bulb temperature is kept at 200 ℃, the wet bulb temperature is kept at 104 ℃, the wood core layer temperature is kept at 200 ℃, the heat preservation time is 1.5h, and the temperature difference between the dry bulb temperature and the wood core layer is 0 ℃.
(5) And (3) a low-intensity and low-loss high-efficiency cooling stage: after the heat preservation is finished, the temperature of the dry ball is reduced to 102 ℃, and the temperature reduction rate is 5 ℃/min; the temperature of the wood core layer is reduced to 117 ℃, and the temperature reduction rate is 2.8 ℃/min; the wet bulb temperature was maintained at 104 ℃ and the temperature difference between the dry bulb temperature and the wood core was 15 ℃.
(6) And (3) a cooling stage: and cooling the temperature of the dry balls, the wet balls and the wood core layer to 65 ℃, and taking out the plate to obtain the heat-treated rubber wood.
Determining the equilibrium moisture content and density of the wood under the environment with the temperature of 20 ℃ and the humidity of 65% by referring to GB/T1931-2009 method for determining moisture content of the wood and GB/T1936.1-2009 method for determining density of the wood; the pressure strength along the grain and the screw holding force of the wood are respectively measured by referring to GB/T1935-2009 test method for the pressure strength along the grain of the wood and GB/T17657-2013 test method for the physical and chemical properties of the artificial board and the veneer artificial board. Values of L, a and b before and after the treatment of the wood are measured by a full-automatic color difference meter, and a color difference delta E is calculated by a formula (1).
The obtained heatThe treated rubber wood had a water content of 6.13% and a density of 0.68g/cm3Δ E was 26.94. The pressure resistance along the grain is 43.94MPa, the screw holding force is 2060.21N, and the loss rates are 10.94 percent and 11.17 percent respectively.
Example 3
The method is adopted to carry out modification treatment on Thailand rubber wood. The density of the rubber wood used was 0.73g/cm3The water content was 12.9%. The compression strength along the grain is 48.69MPa, and the screw holding force is 2274.03N.
(1) And (3) a drying stage: the temperature of the dry balls in the kiln is increased from room temperature to 120 ℃, and the temperature increasing rate is 22 ℃/h; the temperature of the wood core layer is increased from room temperature to 110 ℃, and the heating rate is 21 ℃/h; the temperature rise process ensures that the temperature difference between the dry and wet spheres is 20 ℃ and the temperature difference between the dry sphere and the wood core layer is 7 ℃.
(2) A humidity conditioning stage: the wet bulb temperature is rapidly increased to 103 ℃, the dry bulb temperature is kept at 120 ℃, and the wood core layer temperature is kept at 120 ℃.
(3) A temperature rising stage: the temperature of the dry balls in the kiln is continuously increased to 190 ℃, and the temperature increasing rate is 22 ℃/h; the wet bulb temperature was maintained at 103 ℃; heating the wood core layer to 190 ℃, wherein the heating rate is 18 ℃/h; the temperature difference between the dry bulb temperature and the wood core layer is 16 ℃.
(4) And (3) a heat preservation stage: the dry bulb temperature is kept at 190 ℃, the wet bulb temperature is kept at 103 ℃, the wood core layer temperature is kept at 190 ℃, the heat preservation time is 1.5h, and the temperature difference between the dry bulb temperature and the wood core layer is 0 ℃.
(5) And (3) a low-intensity and low-loss high-efficiency cooling stage: after the heat preservation is finished, the temperature of the dry ball is reduced to 100 ℃, and the temperature reduction rate is 5 ℃/min; the temperature of the wood core layer is reduced to 109 ℃, and the temperature reduction rate is 2.4 ℃/min; the wet bulb temperature was maintained at 104 ℃; the temperature difference between the dry bulb temperature and the wood core layer was 9 ℃.
(6) And (3) a cooling stage: and cooling the temperature of the dry ball, the wet ball and the wood core layer to 60 ℃, and taking out the plate to obtain the heat-treated rubber wood.
Determining the equilibrium moisture content and density of the wood under the environment with the temperature of 20 ℃ and the humidity of 65% by referring to GB/T1931-2009 method for determining moisture content of the wood and GB/T1936.1-2009 method for determining density of the wood; the pressure strength along the grain and the screw holding force of the wood are respectively measured by referring to GB/T1935-2009 test method for the pressure strength along the grain of the wood and GB/T17657-2013 test method for the physical and chemical properties of the artificial board and the veneer artificial board. Values of L, a and b before and after the treatment of the wood are measured by a full-automatic color difference meter, and a color difference delta E is calculated by a formula (1).
The obtained heat-treated rubber wood has a water content of 6.3% and a density of 0.68g/cm3And Δ E is 18. The compression strength along the grain is 44.67MPa, the screw holding force is 2197.37N, and the loss rates are 8.25 percent and 3.37 percent respectively.
The above embodiments are preferred embodiments of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and any other changes, modifications, substitutions, combinations and simplifications which do not depart from the spirit and principle of the present invention should be construed as equivalents thereof, and all such changes, modifications, substitutions, combinations and simplifications are intended to be included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. The environment-friendly high-strength heat-treated rubber wood is characterized in that the color difference delta E of the environment-friendly high-strength heat-treated rubber wood is 18-30, and the density of the environment-friendly high-strength heat-treated rubber wood is 0.62-0.68 g/cm3The water content is 6-6.3%; the grain-following compressive strength is 38-45 MPa, and the screw holding force is 1800-2200N;
the method for modifying the environment-friendly high-strength heat-treated rubber wood comprises the following specific steps:
s1, drying: heating the dry balls in the kiln to 110-120 ℃, heating the wet balls to 90-100 ℃, heating the rubber wood core layer to 100-110 ℃, wherein the temperature difference between the dry balls and the wet balls is 15-20 ℃ in the heating process, and the temperature difference between the dry balls and the rubber wood core layer is 0-10 ℃; the density of the rubber wood is 0.7-0.75 g/cm3The initial water content is 12-18%;
s2, humidifying: keeping the dry bulb temperature at 120-125 ℃, keeping the temperature of the rubber wood core layer at 115-125 ℃, and heating the wet bulb temperature to be between IV and 100-110 ℃;
s3, heating: heating the dry balls in the kiln to the temperature of between V and 180 and 220 ℃, and keeping the temperature of the wet balls at 100 to 110 ℃; raising the temperature VI of the rubber-wood core layer to 180-220 ℃, wherein the temperature difference between the dry-bulb temperature and the rubber-wood core layer is 5-20 ℃;
s4, heat preservation: keeping the dry bulb temperature at 180-220 ℃, keeping the wet bulb temperature at 100-110 ℃, keeping the rubber wood core layer temperature at 180-220 ℃, and keeping the temperature for 1-3 h; the temperature difference between the dry bulb temperature and the rubber wood core layer is 0-8 ℃;
s5, high-efficiency cooling with low strength loss: after the heat preservation is finished, the temperature of a dry bulb is reduced to 120-160 ℃, the temperature of a rubber wood core layer is reduced to 120-155 ℃, and the temperature of a wet bulb is kept at 100-108 ℃; the temperature difference between the dry bulb temperature and the rubber wood core layer is 5-20 ℃;
s6, cooling: and respectively cooling the dry ball, the wet ball and the rubber wood core layer to 60-80 ℃, and taking out the plate to obtain the environment-friendly high-strength heat-treated rubber wood.
2. The environment-friendly high-strength heat-treated rubber wood as claimed in claim 1, wherein in step S1, the temperature rise rate is 10-30 ℃/h, the temperature rise rate is 20-23 ℃/h, and the temperature rise rate is 5-30 ℃/h; the speed of the IV in the step S2 is 20-23 ℃/h; in the step S3, the temperature raising rate V is 15-30 ℃/h, and the temperature raising rate VI is 10-25 ℃/h; in the step S5, the rate of cooling I is 3-5 ℃/min, and the rate of cooling II is 2-3 ℃/min.
3. The environment-friendly high-strength heat-treated rubber wood as claimed in claim 1, wherein in step S1, the temperature rise rate is 20-25 ℃/h, the temperature rise rate is 15-20 ℃/h, and the temperature rise rate is 8-25 ℃/h; the speed of the IV in the step S2 is 15-20 ℃/h; in the step S3, the temperature raising V is at a rate of 20-25 ℃/h, and the temperature raising VI is at a rate of 18-22 ℃/h; in the step S5, the rate of cooling I is 1-5 ℃/min, and the rate of cooling II is 0.5-3 ℃/min.
4. The environmentally friendly high strength heat treated rubber wood as claimed in claim 1, wherein the wet bulb temperature in step S2 is raised by IV to 103-108 ℃; keeping the temperature of the dry balls at 120-122 ℃; the temperature of the rubber wood core layer is kept at 120-122 ℃.
5. The environmentally friendly high strength heat treated rubber wood as claimed in claim 1, wherein the temperature of the dry bulb in the kiln in step S3 is raised to 190-210 ℃, the temperature of the wet bulb is maintained at 103-108 ℃, the temperature of the rubber wood core layer is raised to VI-190-210 ℃, and the temperature difference between the dry bulb temperature and the wood core layer is 5-15 ℃.
6. The environmentally friendly high strength heat treated rubber wood as claimed in claim 1, wherein the heat preservation time in step S4 is 1.5-2 h, and the temperature difference between the dry bulb temperature and the wood core layer is 0-5 ℃.
7. The environmentally friendly high strength heat treated rubber wood as claimed in claim 1, wherein the dry bulb temperature in step S5 is decreased to 100-110 ℃ and the wet bulb temperature is maintained at 103-108 ℃; cooling the temperature of the wood core layer to 120-125 ℃; the temperature difference between the dry bulb temperature and the rubber wood core layer is 5-15 ℃.
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