CN110179137B - Walnut kernel endothelium removing and color protecting device and walnut kernel processing method - Google Patents

Walnut kernel endothelium removing and color protecting device and walnut kernel processing method Download PDF

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CN110179137B
CN110179137B CN201910536676.5A CN201910536676A CN110179137B CN 110179137 B CN110179137 B CN 110179137B CN 201910536676 A CN201910536676 A CN 201910536676A CN 110179137 B CN110179137 B CN 110179137B
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color
nitrogen
walnut
pipeline
freezing
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CN110179137A (en
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宁德鲁
耿树香
贺娜
陈海云
马婷
徐田
缪福俊
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Yunnan Academy of Forestry
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Yunnan Academy of Forestry
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23B—PRESERVING, e.g. BY CANNING, MEAT, FISH, EGGS, FRUIT, VEGETABLES, EDIBLE SEEDS; CHEMICAL RIPENING OF FRUIT OR VEGETABLES; THE PRESERVED, RIPENED, OR CANNED PRODUCTS
    • A23B9/00—Preservation of edible seeds, e.g. cereals
    • A23B9/08—Drying; Subsequent reconstitution
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23B—PRESERVING, e.g. BY CANNING, MEAT, FISH, EGGS, FRUIT, VEGETABLES, EDIBLE SEEDS; CHEMICAL RIPENING OF FRUIT OR VEGETABLES; THE PRESERVED, RIPENED, OR CANNED PRODUCTS
    • A23B9/00—Preservation of edible seeds, e.g. cereals
    • A23B9/16—Preserving with chemicals
    • A23B9/24—Preserving with chemicals in the form of liquids or solids
    • A23B9/26—Organic compounds; Microorganisms; Enzymes
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
    • A23L25/00—Food consisting mainly of nutmeat or seeds; Preparation or treatment thereof
    • A23L25/20—Food consisting mainly of nutmeat or seeds; Preparation or treatment thereof consisting of whole seeds or seed fragments
    • A23L25/25—Food consisting mainly of nutmeat or seeds; Preparation or treatment thereof consisting of whole seeds or seed fragments coated with a layer
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
    • A23L33/00—Modifying nutritive qualities of foods; Dietetic products; Preparation or treatment thereof
    • A23L33/10—Modifying nutritive qualities of foods; Dietetic products; Preparation or treatment thereof using additives
    • A23L33/125—Modifying nutritive qualities of foods; Dietetic products; Preparation or treatment thereof using additives containing carbohydrate syrups; containing sugars; containing sugar alcohols; containing starch hydrolysates
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
    • A23L5/00—Preparation or treatment of foods or foodstuffs, in general; Food or foodstuffs obtained thereby; Materials therefor
    • A23L5/30—Physical treatment, e.g. electrical or magnetic means, wave energy or irradiation
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
    • A23L5/00—Preparation or treatment of foods or foodstuffs, in general; Food or foodstuffs obtained thereby; Materials therefor
    • A23L5/40—Colouring or decolouring of foods
    • A23L5/41—Retaining or modifying natural colour by use of additives, e.g. optical brighteners
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    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23N—MACHINES OR APPARATUS FOR TREATING HARVESTED FRUIT, VEGETABLES OR FLOWER BULBS IN BULK, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; PEELING VEGETABLES OR FRUIT IN BULK; APPARATUS FOR PREPARING ANIMAL FEEDING- STUFFS
    • A23N5/00—Machines for hulling, husking or cracking nuts
    • A23N5/002—Machines for hulling, husking or cracking nuts for skinning nut kernels
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23V—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO FOODS, FOODSTUFFS OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES AND LACTIC OR PROPIONIC ACID BACTERIA USED IN FOODSTUFFS OR FOOD PREPARATION
    • A23V2002/00—Food compositions, function of food ingredients or processes for food or foodstuffs

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Abstract

The invention provides a walnut kernel endothelium removing and color protecting device and a walnut kernel processing method, wherein the walnut kernel endothelium removing and color protecting device comprises an endothelium removing subsystem and a color protecting subsystem; the de-endothelialization subsystem comprises: the device comprises a refrigeration unit, a freezing unit and a high-pressure washing and peeling mechanism; the refrigerating unit is used for refrigerating the nitrogen to a set temperature; the freezing unit is used for freezing the walnut kernels; the high-pressure washing and peeling mechanism is used for removing the inner skins of the frozen walnut kernels by using high-pressure water; the color protection subsystem comprises: the cylinder, atomizing device, first pump body, second pump body and first gas holder. The device has a compact structure, low-temperature nitrogen with the temperature of-18 to-20 ℃ is continuously passed through the freezing container, so that the rapid freezing treatment of the walnut kernels is realized, compared with the ice water soaking, the freezing temperature of the freezing treatment of the invention is controllable, the fluctuation is small, and the influence of the whole freezing treatment process on the water content of the walnut kernels is small.

Description

Walnut kernel endothelium removing and color protecting device and walnut kernel processing method
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of food processing, in particular to a walnut kernel endothelium removing and color protecting device and a walnut kernel processing method.
Background
In the existing processing method of walnut kernels, the inner skin of the walnut kernels is often removed and then color protection treatment is carried out. The existing endothelial removing process mostly adopts an ice water soaking method, and the color protection treatment needs to soak the walnut kernels with the endothelial removed in a color protection solvent. The method has a plurality of disadvantages, such as the increase of moisture of the soaked walnut kernels, the difficulty and cost of the later drying treatment are increased, and the efficiency is reduced. Meanwhile, the nutrition of the soaked walnut kernels is low in loss in different degrees, the using amount of the color fixative is too large, the adhesion amount of the color fixative on each walnut kernel is too large, the taste is affected, and meanwhile, food additives are excessively deposited on the walnut kernels.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a walnut kernel endothelium removing and color protecting device and a walnut kernel processing method, and aims to solve at least one technical problem in the prior art.
In order to solve the technical problem, the invention provides a walnut kernel endothelium removing and color protecting device which comprises an endothelium removing subsystem and a color protecting subsystem;
the de-endothelialization subsystem comprises: the device comprises a refrigeration unit, a freezing unit and a high-pressure washing and peeling mechanism;
the refrigerating unit is used for refrigerating the nitrogen to a set temperature (for example-10-20 ℃);
the freezing unit comprises a freezing container for containing walnut kernels, and the freezing container comprises an air inlet and an air outlet; the low-temperature nitrogen obtained after refrigeration by the refrigeration unit is introduced into the freezing container through a pipeline and an air inlet and is used for freezing the walnut kernels;
the high-pressure washing and peeling mechanism is used for removing the inner skins of the frozen walnut kernels by using high-pressure water;
the color protection subsystem comprises: the device comprises a cylinder, an atomizing device, a first pump body, a second pump body and a first gas storage tank;
the first gas storage tank comprises an inlet and an outlet, the inlet of the first gas storage tank is communicated with the exhaust port of the freezing container through a first pipeline, and nitrogen discharged from the freezing container is temporarily stored in the first gas storage tank through the inlet;
the cylinder body is vertically arranged, and a cylindrical conveying channel is arranged in the cylinder body;
a conveying auger for conveying the walnut kernels with the inner skins removed is arranged in the conveying channel;
a plurality of air inlets are formed in the wall of the cylinder body;
one end of the first pump body is communicated with the first air storage tank through a pipeline, and the other end of the first pump body is communicated with the air inlet of the cylinder through an air conveying pipeline and used for pumping nitrogen in the first air storage tank into the cylinder;
the temperature control unit is arranged on the gas transmission pipeline and used for heating or refrigerating nitrogen flowing through the gas transmission pipeline, and further controlling the temperature of the nitrogen pumped into the cylinder to be within the set range of 0.1-5 ℃;
the atomizing device is characterized in that an atomizing port of the atomizing device is communicated with the gas transmission pipeline and is used for atomizing the color fixative and then spraying the atomized color fixative into the gas transmission pipeline, and the atomized color fixative is input into the conveying channel in the cylinder body through the gas inlet along with nitrogen;
the conveying auger comprises a central shaft body, an air exhaust channel is arranged in the central shaft body in a hollow mode, an air exhaust hole is formed in the side wall of the central shaft body, an air exhaust port is formed in one end of the air exhaust channel, and the air exhaust port is connected with the second pump body through an air exhaust pipeline; the second pump body sequentially pumps out the gas in the conveying channel through the pumping hole, the pumping channel and the exhaust port and is used for maintaining the pressure value in the conveying channel to be 0.01-0.05 MPa during working;
the plurality of air inlets are uniformly distributed in the circumferential direction of the cylinder body; on the section perpendicular to the conveying channel, nitrogen carrying color fixative molecules moves along the radial direction of the cylinder body, and the color fixative molecules settle and attach to the surface of the walnut kernels after contacting the walnut kernels.
The device has a compact structure, low-temperature nitrogen with the temperature of-18 to-20 ℃ is continuously passed through the freezing container, so that the rapid freezing treatment of the walnut kernels is realized, compared with the ice water soaking, the freezing temperature of the freezing treatment of the invention is controllable, the fluctuation is small, and the influence of the whole freezing treatment process on the water content of the walnut kernels is small.
The application utilizes the atomized color fixative to carry out color fixation treatment on the walnut kernels with the endothelium removed, the dosage of the color fixative is small, the natural taste of the walnut kernels is kept to the maximum extent, and the phenomenon that excessive additives destroy the natural components of the walnut kernels is avoided. Compared with the mode of traditional soaking color protection, this application greatly reduced the contact of walnut-meat with water liquid, the walnut-meat after the color protection is handled need not carry out drying process again, perhaps drying process's time shortens greatly, has improved production efficiency.
And nitrogen gas is used as a carrier, not only plays a role in conveying the color fixative, and the nitrogen gas wraps the walnut kernels in the color fixation treatment process, so that the walnut kernels are prevented from contacting with outside air, and a sterile color fixation environment is created while the walnut kernels are prevented from being oxidized.
The low-temperature nitrogen gas is temporarily stored in the first tank (the first tank is preferably provided with an insulating layer) through the first pipeline. Because of the heat loss in the freezing process, the nitrogen temperature value in the first tank body is improved, but the walnut kernel is cooled at low temperature when the walnut kernel is more suitable for decoloring treatment, so that the secondary utilization of low-temperature nitrogen energy is realized.
The nitrogen is cooled or heated by the temperature control unit in the conveying process, and the temperature of the nitrogen is controlled to be not more than 5 ℃ (preferably 0.1-5 ℃), so that the process temperature of color protection treatment is effectively controlled, and the freshness of the walnut kernels with the inner skins removed is maintained to the maximum extent.
And finally, the conveying channel is cylindrical, a plurality of air inlets are uniformly distributed in the circumferential direction of the cylinder, the nitrogen carries the color fixative molecules to move along the radial direction of the cylinder, so that the aggregation effect is formed, and the color fixative molecules are more uniformly distributed in the radial direction of the cylinder. And the negative pressure state of 0.01-0.05 MPa is maintained in the conveying channel during working, so that the activity degree of the color fixative molecules is improved, the color fixative molecules in the cylinder (in the conveying channel) are further uniformly distributed, and the walnut kernels are colored more uniformly.
Further, a filtering device for filtering nitrogen is arranged on the first pipeline.
Further, the high pressure washing peeling mechanism comprises: a grid-shaped bearing platform and a high-pressure water spray head; the grid-shaped bearing platform is used for bearing the frozen walnut kernels; the high-pressure water spray head is arranged above the latticed bearing platform, is connected with a high-pressure water source and is used for removing the inner skin of the walnut kernel by using high-pressure water.
The temperature control unit may be a conventional one, for example, the temperature control unit includes a formulation module and a heating module.
Further, in the axial direction of the cylinder (in the direction of the conveyance path), the plurality of air inlets are uniformly arranged.
Furthermore, the conveying channel is arranged at the lower end of the barrel body, a discharge hole is formed in the upper end of the barrel body, and the walnut kernels move from bottom to top under the pushing of the conveying auger.
The walnut kernel moves from bottom to top, the color fixative moves along the radial direction of the barrel under the load of nitrogen, the paths of the walnut kernel and the color fixative are vertical, and the color fixative is continuously settled under the action of self gravity, so that the adhesion probability of the color fixative is greatly improved, and the efficiency of the color protection treatment process is improved.
Further, on the projection cross-section that contains barrel central axis, the air inlet slope sets up downwards, certainly the air inlet spun nitrogen gas slope spouts downwards to carrying the walnut kernel on the auger.
Further, carry the auger still including around the helical blade that central axis body spiral coiled the setting, the last distributing of helical blade has the bleeder vent. The air holes are densely distributed, so that the atomized color fixative molecules can contact the walnut kernels from the lower part of the helical blade through the air holes, and the walnut kernels can be fully, thoroughly and uniformly subjected to color protection treatment.
Further, the color fixative is a mixed solution of edible citric acid and vitamin C. Wherein, the edible citric acid is preferably 0.3 percent by mass; the mass percentage of Vc is 0.5%.
Further, the temperature sensor is arranged at the air inlet and used for detecting the temperature value of the nitrogen blown out of the cylinder.
Preferably, the system further comprises a controller (such as a cpu, a single chip microcomputer, etc.), wherein the controller is respectively connected to the temperature sensor and the temperature control unit, and can control the temperature control unit to operate according to a temperature value fed back by the temperature sensor, thereby forming a closed-loop feedback and control system.
Further, the atomization device is an ultrasonic atomization device. The elastic sheet is arranged in the solution of the color fixative.
Further, the device also comprises a recovery unit for recovering the color fixative and the nitrogen; the upper end of the air pumping channel in the central shaft body is closed, and the lower end of the air pumping channel is provided with the air outlet; and the exhaust port is communicated with the second pump body and the recovery unit sequentially through a pipeline.
Further, the recovery unit includes: and the tail end of a pipeline led out from the second pump body extends into the lower part of the liquid level of the recovered solution, a nitrogen recovery port is arranged above the liquid level of the recovered solution in the recovered container, and nitrogen filtered by the recovered solution is discharged through the nitrogen recovery port.
Further, the recovery container is a color fixative container, and the recovery solution is a color fixative solution; the bottom of the color fixative container is communicated with the atomizing device and is used for conveying the color fixative into the atomizing device; and the nitrogen recovery port is arranged above the toner container and communicated with a second gas storage tank through a second pipeline, and the second gas storage tank is communicated with the gas inlet end of the refrigeration unit through a third pipeline. Thereby realizing the recycling of the nitrogen.
The system further comprises a nitrogen supplementing system, wherein the nitrogen supplementing system is used for supplementing and conveying nitrogen to the refrigerating unit and comprises a third air storage tank, a supplementing pipeline and a control valve body; the third gas storage tank is communicated with the gas inlet end of the refrigeration unit through a supplement pipeline, and the control valve body is arranged on the supplement pipeline. The control valve is preferably a pilot control valve, and when the pressure value of the air inlet end of the refrigeration unit is lower than a set value (namely the pressure difference of the pilot end of the pilot control valve reaches a set threshold), the control valve is opened to supplement nitrogen to the refrigeration unit.
Wherein, the refrigeration unit can be prior art, for example it includes the body, this internal runner that is equipped with nitrogen gas and passes through that is provided with the refrigeration module in the runner. More preferably, the refrigeration unit comprises a control module, a temperature sensor and the like, so that the precise control of the refrigeration temperature is realized.
Furthermore, the temperature control unit comprises a heat exchanger, the heat exchanger comprises a low-temperature pipeline as a part of the middle of the gas transmission pipeline and a high-temperature pipeline as a part of the middle of the second pipeline, and the low-temperature pipeline and the high-temperature pipeline are tightly attached to each other and wound for realizing heat exchange of two nitrogen flows through the low-temperature pipeline and the high-temperature pipeline.
The nitrogen in the gas transmission pipeline is generally low in temperature and cannot meet the requirements of a color protection treatment process, the nitrogen recovered from the recovery container is high in temperature, after the nitrogen and the nitrogen exchange heat through the heat exchanger, the temperature reduction is more suitable for the requirements of the color protection process, extra refrigeration or heating treatment of the temperature control unit is reduced, the temperature reduction of the recovered nitrogen after the heat exchange treatment is reduced, the work of the refrigeration unit can be reduced, and therefore energy recovery and utilization in the whole process of removing endothelium and protecting color are achieved, and energy consumption is reduced to the greatest extent.
The walnut kernel endothelium removing and color protecting device disclosed by the invention is compact in structure, the atomized color protecting agent is used for carrying out color protecting treatment on the walnut kernels with endothelium removed, the using amount of the color protecting agent is small, the natural taste of the walnut kernels is kept to the greatest extent, and the phenomenon that excessive additives destroy the natural components of the walnut kernels is avoided.
In addition, the invention also discloses a processing method of walnut kernels by adopting the walnut kernel endothelium removing and color protecting device to carry out endothelium removing and color protecting treatment, which comprises the following steps:
s1, removing the endopleura of the walnut kernel by a freeze-thaw method
Freezing fresh walnut kernels at-18 to-20 ℃ for 0.5 to 30 hours, taking out the walnut kernels, thawing, and then removing walnut kernel endopleura by using high-pressure water;
s2, performing color protection treatment to obtain color-protected walnut kernels;
s3, boiling the syrup to prepare sauce
S4, mixing
Adding the color-protecting walnut kernels prepared in the step S2 into the sauce prepared in the step S3, and stirring until each walnut kernel is uniformly sauced to obtain sauced walnut kernels;
s5, vacuum freeze drying
Putting the sauced walnut kernels into a tray, putting the tray into a vacuum freeze drying oven for freezing until the frozen walnut kernels are below the eutectic point, drying according to the freeze-drying process requirement, and finishing drying when the water content of the sauced walnut kernels is controlled to be 3-4% to obtain the final finished product.
Further, the sauce comprises the following components in parts by mass: 1.5-2.1 parts of xylitol, 0.15-0.21 part of garlic powder, 13-15 parts of butter, 3.0-4.5 parts of cream, 0.45-0.47 part of salt, 9.0-10.0 parts of isomaltose hypgather pulp, 0.45-0.50 part of chicken essence, 0.78-0.82 part of dry yeast powder, 12-14 parts of curry sauce, 0.4-0.5 part of curcumin, 0.06-0.08 part of tea polyphenol and 0.02-0.04 part of vitamin E.
Further, the sauce comprises the following components in parts by mass: 1.5 parts of xylitol, 0.15 part of garlic powder, 13 parts of butter, 3.0 parts of cream, 0.45 part of salt, 9.0 parts of isomaltose hypgather, 0.45 part of chicken essence, 0.78 part of dry yeast powder, 12 parts of curry sauce, 0.4 part of curcumin, 0.06 part of tea polyphenol and 0.02 part of vitamin E.
Further, the sauce comprises the following components in parts by mass: 1.8 parts of xylitol, 0.18 part of garlic powder, 14 parts of butter, 4.0 parts of cream, 0.46 part of salt, 9.5 parts of isomaltose hypgather, 0.48 part of chicken essence, 0.80 part of dry yeast powder, 14 parts of curry sauce, 0.5 part of curcumin, 0.08 part of tea polyphenol and 0.03 part of vitamin E.
Further, the sauce comprises the following components in parts by mass: 2.1 parts of xylitol, 0.21 part of garlic powder, 15 parts of butter, 4.5 parts of cream, 0.47 part of salt, 10.0 parts of isomaltose hypgather, 0.50 part of chicken essence, 0.82 part of dry yeast powder, 14 parts of curry sauce, 0.5 part of curcumin, 0.08 part of tea polyphenol and 0.04 part of vitamin E.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: compared with other methods for removing the endopleura, the method for removing the endopleura by adopting the freezing method is safer and has no residue; the added tea polyphenol and vitamin E are natural antioxidants, and the curry-flavored walnut cracker has the advantages that the oxidation resistance is greatly improved, and the shelf life of the product can be prolonged; and xylitol is a product of sugar after isomerization treatment, reducing groups in molecules are converted into sugar alcohol through isomerization, Maillard reaction can not occur under proper conditions, and the xylitol has a certain protection effect on the color and luster of the product. And (IV) the nutritional ingredients, flavor ingredients and functional factors in the walnuts can be retained to the maximum extent by adopting a low-temperature drying process.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the embodiments or the description in the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a walnut kernel endothelium-removing and color-protecting device provided in embodiment 1 of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of the embodiment 1 in which a plurality of air inlets are uniformly distributed in the circumferential direction of the cylinder.
Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a color protection subsystem in embodiment 1.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, and it should be understood that the described embodiments are some, but not all embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplicity of description, but do not indicate or imply that the device or element being referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, e.g., as meaning either a fixed connection, a removable connection, or an integral connection; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.
The present invention will be further explained with reference to specific embodiments.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1, the color protection device for removing the inner skin of the walnut kernel provided by the embodiment includes an inner skin removing subsystem and a color protection subsystem.
The de-endothelialization subsystem includes: the device comprises a refrigeration unit, a freezing unit and a high-pressure washing and peeling mechanism;
the refrigerating unit is used for refrigerating the nitrogen to a set temperature (for example-10-20 ℃);
the freezing unit comprises a freezing container 90 for containing walnut kernels, wherein the freezing container 90 comprises an air inlet and an air outlet; the low-temperature nitrogen obtained after refrigeration by the refrigeration unit is introduced into the refrigeration container through the pipeline and the air inlet to carry out refrigeration treatment on the walnut kernels; the high-pressure washing and peeling mechanism is used for removing the inner skin of the frozen walnut kernel by using high-pressure water.
As shown in fig. 1 and 3, the color protection subsystem includes: the cylinder 10, the atomizing device 30, the first pump body 51, the second pump body 52 and the first air storage tank 81;
the first gas container 81 includes an inlet and an outlet, the inlet thereof being communicated with the exhaust port of the freezing container 90 through the first pipe 61, and nitrogen gas discharged from the inside of the freezing container 90 being temporarily stored in the first gas container 81 through the inlet;
the cylinder 10 is vertically arranged, and a cylindrical conveying channel 11 is arranged in the cylinder;
a conveying auger 20 for conveying the walnut kernels with the inner skins removed is arranged in the conveying channel 11;
a plurality of air inlets 12 are arranged on the wall of the cylinder 10;
one end of the first pump body 51 is communicated with the first air storage tank 81 through a pipeline, and the other end of the first pump body 51 is communicated with the air inlet 12 of the cylinder body 10 through an air transmission pipeline 62 and is used for pumping nitrogen in the first air storage tank 81 into the cylinder body 10;
the gas transmission pipeline 62 is provided with a temperature control unit 40, and the temperature control unit 40 is used for heating or refrigerating the nitrogen flowing through the gas transmission pipeline 62, so as to control the temperature of the nitrogen pumped into the cylinder 10 within the range of 0.1-5 ℃;
the atomizing port of the atomizing device 30 is communicated with the gas transmission pipeline 62 and is used for atomizing the color fixative and then spraying the color fixative into the gas transmission pipeline 62, and the atomized color fixative is input into the conveying channel 11 in the cylinder 10 through the gas inlet 12 along with the nitrogen;
the conveying auger 20 comprises a central shaft body 22, an air exhaust channel is arranged in the central shaft body 22 in a hollow mode, an air exhaust hole 22a is formed in the side wall of the central shaft body 22, an air exhaust port 22b is formed in one end of the air exhaust channel, and the air exhaust port 22b is connected with the second pump body 52 through an air exhaust pipeline 63; the second pump body 52 pumps the gas in the conveying channel 11 sequentially through the pumping hole, the pumping channel and the exhaust port, and is used for maintaining the pressure value in the conveying channel 11 to be 0.01-0.05 MPa during working;
a plurality of air inlets 12 are uniformly arranged in the circumferential direction of the cylinder 10; on the section perpendicular to the conveying channel 11, nitrogen carrying color fixative molecules moves along the radial direction of the cylinder body 10, the walnut kernels move along the axial direction of the cylinder body 10 under the driving of the conveying auger 20, and the color fixative molecules settle and attach to the surfaces of the walnut kernels after contacting the walnut kernels.
Wherein, the outer diameter of the helical blade 21 is matched with the inner wall diameter of the barrel 10 (friction fit), and the aperture of the air hole 21a is not smaller than the grain diameter of the walnut kernel, thereby avoiding the walnut kernel from falling from the gap between the helical blade and the inner wall of the barrel and/or the air hole. In the height direction, two sections arranged at intervals on the spiral blades form a semi-closed conveying space, and when the atomized color fixative is sprayed into the conveying space, the two sections arranged at intervals on the spiral blades tend to prevent the atomized color fixative from overflowing, so that the atomized color fixative is effectively ensured to move along the radial direction of the barrel.
The color fixative is continuously attached to the walnut kernels after being sprayed into the cylinder, the concentration of molecules of the color fixative in the nitrogen is reduced, the nitrogen carrying the color fixative can further move along the radial direction of the cylinder under the negative pressure environment in the second pump body and the conveying channel, the mixed gas is continuously compressed under the gas accumulation effect, and the mass density is increased, so that the concentration reduction trend caused by the sedimentation of the color fixative is effectively compensated, and finally, the concentration of the color fixative is kept substantially uniform in the radial direction of the cylinder.
The length of the cylinder body 10 is set according to the production scale, when the scale is small, the cylinder body can be made to be relatively short, the upper end and the lower end of the cylinder body 10 are respectively provided with a feeding port and a discharging port, the feeding port and the discharging port are respectively provided with a sealing cover body, when walnut kernel materials are poured, the walnut kernel materials are introduced into the cylinder body by using the conveying auger, and the blades of the conveying auger can ensure that the walnut kernel materials are uniformly dispersed (layered) in the cylinder body and are not stacked together, so that uniform color protection treatment is facilitated. And pouring all walnut kernel materials into the cylinder, closing the sealing cover bodies on the discharge port and the feed port, opening the color protection treatment, circularly inputting the atomized color protection agent, closing the first pump body after the color protection treatment is finished, closing the second pump body, opening the sealing cover body, rotating the conveying auger again, and guiding out the walnut kernel materials.
When the production scale is large, the barrel can be made longer (for example, more than 2 meters), the lower end of the barrel 10 of the conveying channel 11 is provided with a feeding hole, the upper end of the barrel 10 is provided with a discharging hole, and the walnut kernels move from bottom to top under the pushing of the conveying auger 20. The walnut kernel is subjected to color protection treatment in the conveying process. The walnut kernel moves from bottom to top, the color fixative moves along the radial direction of the cylinder body 10 under the load of nitrogen, the paths of the walnut kernel and the color fixative are vertical, and the color fixative is continuously settled under the action of self gravity, so that the attachment probability of the color fixative is greatly improved, namely, the efficiency of the color protection treatment process is improved.
The device has a compact structure, low-temperature nitrogen with the temperature of-18 to-20 ℃ is continuously passed through the freezing container 90, so that the rapid freezing treatment of the walnut kernels is realized, compared with the ice water soaking, the freezing temperature of the freezing treatment of the device is controllable, the fluctuation is small, and the influence of the whole freezing treatment process on the water content of the walnut kernels is small.
The application utilizes the atomized color fixative to carry out color fixation treatment on the walnut kernels with the endothelium removed, the dosage of the color fixative is small, the natural taste of the walnut kernels is kept to the maximum extent, and the phenomenon that excessive additives destroy the natural components of the walnut kernels is avoided. Compared with the mode of traditional soaking color protection, this application greatly reduced the contact of walnut-meat with water liquid, the walnut-meat after the color protection is handled need not carry out drying process again, perhaps drying process's time shortens greatly, has improved production efficiency.
Nitrogen gas is as a carrier, not only plays the effect of carrying the color fixative, and nitrogen gas is lived with the whole parcel of walnut-meat in the color protection processing procedure, has avoided walnut-meat and outside air contact, when avoiding the walnut-meat oxidation, has built a sterile color protection environment.
The low-temperature nitrogen gas is temporarily stored in the first tank 81 (the first tank is provided with an insulating layer) through the first pipe 61. Because the heat loss among the freezing process, the nitrogen gas temperature value in the first jar body promotes, carries out low temperature cooling to the walnut-meat when more being fit for the decoloration processing to realize the reutilization of low temperature nitrogen gas energy.
The nitrogen is cooled or heated by the temperature control unit 40 in the conveying process, and the temperature of the nitrogen is controlled to be not more than 5 ℃ (preferably 0.1-5 ℃), so that the process temperature of color protection treatment is effectively controlled, and the freshness of the walnut kernels with the inner skins removed is maintained to the maximum extent.
Finally, the conveying channel 11 is cylindrical, the plurality of air inlets 12 are uniformly distributed in the circumferential direction of the cylinder 10, the nitrogen carries the color fixative molecules to move along the radial direction of the cylinder 10, so that an aggregation effect is formed, and the color fixative molecules are more uniformly distributed in the radial direction of the cylinder 10. And the conveying channel 11 is maintained at a negative pressure state of 0.01-0.05 MPa during work, so that the activity degree of the color fixative molecules is improved, the color fixative molecules in the barrel 10 (in the conveying channel 11) are further uniformly distributed, and the walnut kernels are colored more uniformly.
The first pipeline 61 is provided with a filtering device (for example, an air filter screen) for filtering the nitrogen gas, so as to filter and remove impurities in the nitrogen gas.
The high pressure flush skinning mechanism preferably comprises: a grid-shaped bearing platform and a high-pressure water spray head; the grid-shaped bearing platform is used for bearing the frozen walnut kernels; the high-pressure water spray head is arranged above the latticed bearing platform, is connected with a high-pressure water source and is used for removing the inner skin of the walnut kernel by using high-pressure water. The grid-shaped bearing platform can be a static semi-open container or a conveyer belt for connecting the freezing unit and the cylinder. The cross section of the conveying belt is U-shaped, the bottom of the conveying belt is hollowed to form a grid, a plurality of high-pressure water spray nozzles are arranged above the conveying belt at intervals along the conveying direction, and the walnut kernels are subjected to the inner skin removing operation in the conveying process.
As shown in fig. 2, the plurality of air inlets 12 are uniformly arranged in the axial direction of the cylinder 10 (in the direction of the conveyance path 11).
In the above technical scheme, optionally, the conveying channel 11 is provided with a feed inlet at the lower end of the cylinder 10, a discharge outlet at the upper end of the cylinder 10, and the walnut kernels move from bottom to top under the pushing of the conveying auger 20. The walnut kernel moves from bottom to top, the color fixative moves along the radial direction of the cylinder body 10 under the load of nitrogen, the paths of the walnut kernel and the color fixative are vertical, and the color fixative is continuously settled under the action of self gravity, so that the attachment probability of the color fixative is greatly improved, namely, the efficiency of the color protection treatment process is improved.
The conveying auger 20 also comprises a helical blade 21 spirally wound around the central shaft body, and air holes 21a are densely distributed on the helical blade. The air holes are densely distributed, so that the atomized color fixative molecules can contact the walnut kernels from the lower part of the helical blade through the air holes, and the walnut kernels can be fully, thoroughly and uniformly subjected to color protection treatment.
The color fixative is mixed solution of edible citric acid and vitamin C. Wherein, the edible citric acid is preferably 0.3 percent by mass; the mass percentage of Vc is 0.5%.
The present embodiment further includes a temperature sensor 41 provided at the gas inlet 12 for detecting a temperature value of the nitrogen gas blown out of the cylinder 10, and a controller 42. The controller 42 can be a cpu, a single chip, etc., and is connected to the temperature sensor and the temperature control unit, respectively, and can control the temperature control unit to operate according to the temperature value fed back by the temperature sensor, thereby forming a closed-loop feedback and control system.
The atomizing device 30 is an ultrasonic atomizing device 30. It includes the shell fragment 32 that is used for ultrasonic control, and shell fragment 32 sets up in the solution of color fixative.
The embodiment also comprises a recovery unit for recovering the color fixative and the nitrogen; the upper end of the air exhaust channel in the central shaft body is closed, and the lower end of the air exhaust channel is provided with an air exhaust port; the exhaust port is in turn in communication with the second pump body 52 and the recovery unit via a conduit.
The recovery unit includes: the recovery container 70 containing the recovery solution, the end of the recovery pipeline 64 led out from the second pump body 52 extends into the lower part of the liquid level of the recovery solution, a nitrogen recovery port 71 is arranged above the liquid level of the recovery solution in the recovery container 70, and the nitrogen filtered by the recovery solution is discharged through the nitrogen recovery port 71.
The recovery container is a color fixative container, and the recovery solution is a color fixative solution; the bottom of the color fixative container is communicated with the container 31 of the atomizing device 30 and is used for conveying the color fixative into the container 31 of the atomizing device 30; a nitrogen gas recovery port is arranged above the toner container (recovery container 70), the nitrogen gas recovery port is communicated with a second gas storage tank 82 through a second pipeline 65, and the second gas storage tank 82 is communicated with the gas inlet end of the refrigeration unit through a third pipeline 66. Thereby realizing the recycling of the nitrogen.
The embodiment further comprises a nitrogen supplementing system, which is used for supplementing and conveying nitrogen to the refrigeration unit, wherein the nitrogen supplementing system comprises a third air storage tank 83, a supplementing pipeline 84 and a control valve body 85; the third gas storage tank is communicated with the gas inlet end of the refrigeration unit through a supplement pipeline, and the control valve body is arranged on the supplement pipeline. The control valve is preferably a pilot control valve, and when the pressure value of the air inlet end of the refrigeration unit is lower than a set value (namely the pressure difference of the pilot end of the pilot control valve reaches a set threshold), the control valve is opened to supplement nitrogen to the refrigeration unit.
Wherein, the refrigeration unit can be prior art, for example it includes the body, this internal runner that is equipped with nitrogen gas and passes through that is provided with the refrigeration module in the runner. More preferably, the refrigeration unit comprises a control module, a temperature sensor and the like, so that the precise control of the refrigeration temperature is realized.
The temperature control unit may be a conventional one, for example, the temperature control unit includes a formulation module and a heating module. As shown in fig. 1, the temperature control unit further preferably further comprises a heat exchanger, the heat exchanger comprises a low-temperature pipeline as a middle part of the gas pipeline 62 and a high-temperature pipeline as a middle part of the second pipeline, and the low-temperature pipeline and the high-temperature pipeline are closely wound with each other for realizing heat exchange of two nitrogen flows through the low-temperature pipeline and the high-temperature pipeline.
The nitrogen in the gas transmission pipeline 62 is generally low in temperature and cannot meet the requirements of the color protection treatment process, the nitrogen recovered from the recovery container is high in temperature, after the nitrogen and the nitrogen exchange heat through the heat exchanger, the temperature reduction is more suitable for the requirements of the color protection process, extra refrigeration or heating treatment of the temperature control unit is reduced, the temperature reduction of the recovered nitrogen after the heat exchange treatment is reduced, the work of the refrigeration unit can be reduced, and therefore energy recovery and utilization in the whole process of removing endothelium and protecting color are achieved, and energy consumption is reduced to the greatest extent.
The walnut kernel endothelium removing and color protecting device disclosed by the invention is compact in structure, the atomized color protecting agent is used for carrying out color protecting treatment on the walnut kernels with endothelium removed, the using amount of the color protecting agent is small, the natural taste of the walnut kernels is kept to the greatest extent, and the phenomenon that excessive additives destroy the natural components of the walnut kernels is avoided.
Example 2
In addition, the invention also discloses a processing method of walnut kernels by adopting the walnut kernel endothelium removing and color protecting device to carry out endothelium removing and color protecting treatment, which comprises the following steps:
s1, removing the endopleura of the walnut kernel by a freeze-thaw method
Freezing fresh semen Juglandis at-20 deg.C for 2 hr, thawing, and removing testa of semen Juglandis with high pressure water;
s2, performing color protection treatment to obtain color-protected walnut kernels;
s3, boiling the syrup to prepare sauce
S4, mixing
Adding the color-protecting walnut kernels prepared in the step S2 into the sauce prepared in the step S3, and stirring until each walnut kernel is uniformly sauced to obtain sauced walnut kernels;
s5, vacuum freeze drying
Putting the sauced walnut kernels into a tray, putting the tray into a vacuum freeze drying oven for freezing until the frozen walnut kernels are below the eutectic point, drying according to the freeze-drying process requirement, and finishing drying when the water content of the sauced walnut kernels is controlled to be 3-4% to obtain the final finished product.
The sauce comprises the following components in parts by mass: 1.5-2.1 parts of xylitol, 0.15-0.21 part of garlic powder, 13-15 parts of butter, 3.0-4.5 parts of cream, 0.45-0.47 part of salt, 9.0-10.0 parts of isomaltose hypgather pulp, 0.45-0.50 part of chicken essence, 0.78-0.82 part of dry yeast powder, 12-14 parts of curry sauce, 0.4-0.5 part of curcumin, 0.06-0.08 part of tea polyphenol and 0.02-0.04 part of vitamin E.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: compared with other methods for removing the endopleura, the method for removing the endopleura by adopting the freezing method is safer and has no residue; the added tea polyphenol and vitamin E are natural antioxidants, and the curry-flavored walnut cracker has the advantages that the oxidation resistance is greatly improved, and the shelf life of the product can be prolonged; and xylitol is a product of sugar after isomerization treatment, reducing groups in molecules are converted into sugar alcohol through isomerization, Maillard reaction can not occur under proper conditions, and the xylitol has a certain protection effect on the color and luster of the product. And (IV) the nutritional ingredients, flavor ingredients and functional factors in the walnuts can be retained to the maximum extent by adopting a low-temperature drying process.
Example 3
This embodiment is substantially the same as embodiment 2 except that:
100 parts of peeled walnut kernel of a Yunnan main cultivation variety walnut, namely 'hemp', 1.8 parts of xylitol, 0.18 part of garlic powder, 14 parts of butter, 4.0 parts of cream, 0.46 part of salt, 9.5 parts of isomalto-oligosaccharide slurry, 0.48 part of chicken essence, 0.80 part of dry yeast powder, 14 parts of curry sauce, 0.5 part of curcumin color, 0.08 part of tea polyphenol and 0.03 part of vitamin E. The production process comprises the following steps:
(1) removing inner seed coat of walnut
The main variety of the Yunnan yangbi large-bubble walnut kernels which are unqualified such as broken kernels, broken peels, insect eating, rotten mildew, clams and the like are removed by screening, and impurities are removed, so that the walnut kernels are basically uniform and consistent in shape. Freezing at-18 deg.C for 24 hr, taking out, and removing endopleura.
(2) Walnut kernel color protection by peeling off inner skin
And performing color protection treatment by using 0.3% of edible citric acid solution and 0.5% of Vc solution.
(3) Decocting syrup to prepare sauce
Dissolving butter and butter, adding isomaltooligosaccharide syrup, adding tea polyphenols and vitamin E, heating to completely melt, adding xylitol, garlic powder, salt, chicken essence, dried yeast powder, curry sauce and curcumin, decocting with slow fire, and overflowing fragrance.
(4) Mixing
And (3) adding the peeled walnut kernels prepared in the step (1) into the sauce prepared in the step (3), and stirring for 5 minutes until each walnut kernel is uniformly sauced.
(5) Vacuum freeze drying
And (4) putting the uniformly stirred mixture in the step (4) into a tray, putting the tray into a vacuum freeze drying oven for freezing until the mixture is frozen below a eutectic point, drying according to the freeze-drying process requirement, and finishing drying when the water content of a final product is controlled to be 3-4%.
(6) Package (I)
For walnut products, nitrogen-filled aluminum foil packaging or vacuum aluminum foil packaging is generally advocated, which is beneficial to prolonging the storage stability of the walnut products.
Example 4
This embodiment is substantially the same as embodiment 2 except that:
120 parts of 'three' peeled walnut kernels of Yunnan main cultivars, 2.1 parts of xylitol, 0.21 part of garlic powder, 15 parts of butter, 4.5 parts of cream, 0.47 part of salt, 10.0 parts of isomalto-oligosaccharide slurry, 0.50 part of chicken essence, 0.82 part of dry yeast powder, 14 parts of curry sauce, 0.5 part of curcumin, 0.08 part of tea polyphenol and 0.04 part of vitamin E. The production process comprises the following steps:
(1) removing inner seed coat of walnut
The main variety of the Yunnan yangbi large-bubble walnut kernels which are unqualified such as broken kernels, broken peels, insect eating, rotten mildew, clams and the like are removed by screening, and impurities are removed, so that the walnut kernels are basically uniform and consistent in shape. Freezing at-18 deg.C for 10 hr, taking out, and removing endopleura.
(2) Peeling walnut kernel, protecting color and dewatering
(3) Decocting syrup to prepare sauce
Dissolving butter and butter, adding isomaltooligosaccharide syrup, adding tea polyphenols and vitamin E, heating to completely melt, adding xylitol, garlic powder, salt, chicken essence, dried yeast powder, curry sauce and curcumin, decocting with slow fire, and overflowing fragrance.
(4) Mixing
And (3) adding the peeled walnut kernels prepared in the step (1) into the sauce prepared in the step (3), and stirring for 5 minutes until each walnut kernel is uniformly sauced.
(5) Vacuum freeze drying
And (4) putting the uniformly stirred mixture in the step (4) into a tray, putting the tray into a vacuum freeze drying oven for freezing until the mixture is frozen below a eutectic point, drying according to the freeze-drying process requirement, and finishing drying when the water content of a final product is controlled to be 3-4%.
(6) Package (I)
For walnut products, nitrogen-filled aluminum foil packaging or vacuum aluminum foil packaging is generally advocated, which is beneficial to prolonging the storage stability of the walnut products.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, and not to limit the same; while the invention has been described in detail and with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some or all of the technical features may be equivalently replaced; and the modifications or the substitutions do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions depart from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. A walnut kernel endothelium removing and color protecting device is characterized by comprising an endothelium removing subsystem and a color protecting subsystem;
the de-endothelialization subsystem comprises: the device comprises a refrigeration unit, a freezing unit and a high-pressure washing and peeling mechanism;
the refrigerating unit is used for refrigerating the nitrogen to a set temperature;
the freezing unit comprises a freezing container for containing walnut kernels, and the freezing container comprises an air inlet and an air outlet; the low-temperature nitrogen obtained after refrigeration by the refrigeration unit is introduced into the freezing container through a pipeline and an air inlet and is used for freezing the walnut kernels;
the high-pressure washing and peeling mechanism is used for removing the inner skins of the frozen walnut kernels by using high-pressure water;
the color protection subsystem comprises: the device comprises a cylinder, an atomizing device, a first pump body, a second pump body and a first gas storage tank;
the first gas storage tank comprises an inlet and an outlet, the inlet of the first gas storage tank is communicated with the exhaust port of the freezing container through a first pipeline, and nitrogen discharged from the freezing container is temporarily stored in the first gas storage tank through the inlet;
the cylinder body is vertically arranged, and a cylindrical conveying channel is arranged in the cylinder body;
a conveying auger for conveying the walnut kernels with the inner skins removed is arranged in the conveying channel;
a plurality of air inlets are formed in the wall of the cylinder body;
one end of the first pump body is communicated with the first air storage tank through a pipeline, and the other end of the first pump body is communicated with the air inlet of the cylinder through an air conveying pipeline and used for pumping nitrogen in the first air storage tank into the cylinder;
the temperature control unit is arranged on the gas transmission pipeline and used for heating or refrigerating nitrogen flowing through the gas transmission pipeline, and further controlling the temperature of the nitrogen pumped into the cylinder to be within the set range of 0.1-5 ℃;
the atomizing device is characterized in that an atomizing port of the atomizing device is communicated with the gas transmission pipeline and is used for atomizing the color fixative and then spraying the atomized color fixative into the gas transmission pipeline, and the atomized color fixative is input into the conveying channel in the cylinder body through the gas inlet along with nitrogen;
the conveying auger comprises a central shaft body, an air exhaust channel is arranged in the central shaft body in a hollow mode, an air exhaust hole is formed in the side wall of the central shaft body, an air exhaust port is formed in one end of the air exhaust channel, and the air exhaust port is connected with the second pump body through an air exhaust pipeline; the second pump body sequentially pumps out the gas in the conveying channel through the pumping hole, the pumping channel and the exhaust port and is used for maintaining the pressure value in the conveying channel to be 0.01-0.05 MPa during working;
the plurality of air inlets are uniformly distributed in the circumferential direction of the cylinder body; on the section perpendicular to the conveying channel, nitrogen carrying color fixative molecules moves along the radial direction of the cylinder body, and the color fixative molecules settle and attach to the surface of the walnut kernels after contacting the walnut kernels.
2. The walnut kernel endothelium-removing and color-protecting device as claimed in claim 1, wherein a filtering device for filtering nitrogen is disposed on the first pipeline.
3. The walnut kernel de-endothelialization color protection device of claim 1, wherein the high pressure washing and peeling mechanism comprises: a grid-shaped bearing platform and a high-pressure water spray head; the grid-shaped bearing platform is used for bearing the frozen walnut kernels; the high-pressure water spray head is arranged above the latticed bearing platform, is connected with a high-pressure water source and is used for removing the inner skin of the walnut kernel by using high-pressure water.
4. The walnut kernel de-endothelialization color protection device as claimed in claim 1, wherein a plurality of air inlets are uniformly arranged in the axial direction of the barrel body.
5. The walnut kernel endothelium removing and color protecting device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the conveying channel is provided with a feeding hole at the lower end of the cylinder body, a discharging hole at the upper end of the cylinder body, and the walnut kernels move from bottom to top under the push of the conveying auger.
6. The walnut kernel endothelium-removing and color-protecting device according to claim 1, wherein the conveying auger further comprises a helical blade spirally wound around the central shaft body, and air holes are densely distributed on the helical blade.
7. The walnut kernel endothelium color protection device according to claim 1, further comprising a recovery unit for recovering color protection agent and nitrogen gas; the upper end of the air pumping channel in the central shaft body is closed, and the lower end of the air pumping channel is provided with the air outlet; and the exhaust port is communicated with the second pump body and the recovery unit sequentially through a pipeline.
8. The walnut kernel de-endothelialization color protection device of claim 7, wherein the recovery unit comprises: the tail end of a pipeline led out from the second pump body extends into the lower part of the liquid level of the recovered solution, a nitrogen recovery port is arranged above the liquid level of the recovered solution in the recovered container, and nitrogen filtered by the recovered solution is discharged through the nitrogen recovery port;
the recovery container is a color fixative container, and the recovery solution is a color fixative solution; the bottom of the color fixative container is communicated with the atomizing device and is used for conveying the color fixative into the atomizing device; and the nitrogen recovery port is arranged above the toner container and is communicated with a second gas storage tank through a second pipeline, and the second gas storage tank is communicated with the gas inlet end of the refrigeration unit through a third pipeline, so that the nitrogen can be recycled.
9. The walnut kernel endothelium removing and color protecting device as claimed in claim 1, further comprising a nitrogen supplementing system for supplementing and conveying nitrogen to the refrigerating unit, wherein the nitrogen supplementing system comprises a third air storage tank, a supplementing pipeline and a control valve body; the third gas storage tank is communicated with the gas inlet end of the refrigeration unit through a supplement pipeline, and the control valve body is arranged on the supplement pipeline.
10. A method for processing walnut kernels by using the walnut kernel endothelium-removing and color-protecting device of any one of the above claims 1-9 for endothelium-removing and color-protecting treatment, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, removing the endopleura of the walnut kernel by a freeze-thaw method
Freezing fresh walnut kernels at-18 to-20 ℃ for 0.5 to 30 hours, taking out the walnut kernels, thawing, and then removing walnut kernel endopleura by using high-pressure water;
s2, performing color protection treatment to obtain color-protected walnut kernels;
s3, boiling the syrup to prepare sauce
S4, mixing
Adding the color-protecting walnut kernels prepared in the step S2 into the sauce prepared in the step S3, and stirring until each walnut kernel is uniformly sauced to obtain sauced walnut kernels;
s5, vacuum freeze drying
Putting the sauced walnut kernels into a tray, putting the tray into a vacuum freeze drying oven for freezing until the frozen walnut kernels are below the eutectic point, drying according to the freeze-drying process requirement, and finishing drying when the water content of the sauced walnut kernels is controlled to be 3-4% to obtain the final finished product.
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