CN110176960B - Novel single-fiber bidirectional multichannel input optical module - Google Patents
Novel single-fiber bidirectional multichannel input optical module Download PDFInfo
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- CN110176960B CN110176960B CN201910565420.7A CN201910565420A CN110176960B CN 110176960 B CN110176960 B CN 110176960B CN 201910565420 A CN201910565420 A CN 201910565420A CN 110176960 B CN110176960 B CN 110176960B
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- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 113
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- 230000002457 bidirectional effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 15
- 238000004806 packaging method and process Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000013307 optical fiber Substances 0.000 abstract description 23
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 abstract description 13
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 10
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000306 component Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000008358 core component Substances 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B10/00—Transmission systems employing electromagnetic waves other than radio-waves, e.g. infrared, visible or ultraviolet light, or employing corpuscular radiation, e.g. quantum communication
- H04B10/25—Arrangements specific to fibre transmission
- H04B10/2589—Bidirectional transmission
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B10/00—Transmission systems employing electromagnetic waves other than radio-waves, e.g. infrared, visible or ultraviolet light, or employing corpuscular radiation, e.g. quantum communication
- H04B10/40—Transceivers
Abstract
The invention discloses a novel single-fiber bidirectional multichannel input optical module, which aims to solve the problems of high cost and oversized device existing in the conventional common optical module, and the optical module adopts a Gecarbox chip to replace a CDR, and further comprises: the device comprises a laser, a PD, a WDM multiplexer and a BIDI receiving and transmitting module, wherein during optical transmission, a Gecarbox multiplexes two paths of input NRZ electrical signals into one path of PAM4 electrical signal; each output electric signal of the Gecarbox corresponds to a laser, and the laser converts one output electric signal of the Gecarbox into an optical signal; several optical signals are combined into one signal through WDM multiplexer and transmitted through BIDI module; when receiving light, a path of WDM signal formed by a plurality of light wavelengths received by the BIDI module is recovered by a demultiplexer, and converted into an electric signal by a PD detector; the optical module of the invention realizes the input and output of optical signals by a single optical fiber.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of optical fiber communication optical networks, and particularly relates to an optical-electrical device capable of meeting the input of a multi-channel electric port and the output and input of a single-fiber optical port.
Background
The optical interconnection has the advantages of high speed, high density, high bandwidth, high interference resistance and the like. At present, more and more systems adopt an optical interconnection technology, and are increasingly applied on a large scale. The WDM technology and BIDI technology in the system are very suitable for the high-density and miniaturized design of the optical module, and can well meet the current and future optical interconnection requirements.
WDM (Wavelength Division Multiplexing ) is a technology of simultaneously transmitting or receiving multiple laser beams with different wavelengths on a single optical fiber by using multiple lasers, each signal has its independent content after data modulation, so that the independent different wavelengths are simultaneously transmitted on the same optical fiber, and the transmission capacity of the optical fiber is greatly improved.
TIA (trans-impedance amplifier, transimpedance amplifier) amplifier type, which is defined according to the type of input/output signal. TIA is generally used in high-speed circuits, such as an optical-electrical transmission communication system, due to its high bandwidth.
LDD (Laser Diode Driver, semiconductor laser driver) semiconductor laser driver to load electrical signals onto the laser, to be transmitted out by light.
The bi (bi-directional) single-fiber Bidirectional optical module is required to transmit and receive optical signals in two directions simultaneously, and different optical wavelengths are required to be used in the transmitting and receiving directions. The single-fiber bidirectional optical module has only one port, filters through a filter in the optical module, and simultaneously completes the transmission of one wavelength optical signal and the reception of the other wavelength optical signal. For example, the local end transmits 1310nm optical signals while receiving 1550nm optical signals. The opposite end uses the wavelength just opposite to the local end, namely, emits 1550nm optical signals and receives 1310nm optical signals. The BIDI modules must be used in pairs at both ends of the link.
PAM4 (4 Pulse Amplitude Modulation, four-level pulse amplitude modulation) requires half the bandwidth of NRZ at equal rates, and the same nyquist frequency can be achieved with PAM4 coding for most high-speed cables, backplanes and connectors at double the rate. Compared with NRZ and PAM4 under the condition of the same rate, the PAM4 utilizes a four-level modulation mode, and the signal-to-noise ratio is sacrificed to replace the Nyquist frequency by half.
PAM-4 gecarbox a physical layer chip that converts NRZ signals to comparable rate PAM4 signals, see fig. 1, a 4x25g NRZ signal to a 2x50g PAM4 signal.
QSFP (Quad Small Form-factor plug interface) is a type of optical module that has emerged to meet market demand for higher density, high-speed Pluggable solutions.
The optical module core component includes an optical device and an electrical device. The function is to transmit a certain rate of information to a remote place through an optical fiber by photoelectric conversion. In the current architecture of the optical network, in order to save optical fiber resources, all photoelectric devices adopt a single-fiber bidirectional structure, namely, a transmitting component and a receiving component are packaged in the same device. Commonly referred to as a single fiber bi-directional device. However, the existing single-fiber bidirectional device also has the problem of high cost, and particularly:
a pair of signal receiving and transmitting channels of a common optical module needs a light emitting device and a light receiving device, and 2 optical fibers are needed for transmission. For example, an optical module QSFP28 meeting QSFP MSA protocol inputs a 4-channel 25G NRZ signal through an electric port, and according to a common design architecture, 4 transmitting and 4 receiving optical devices are needed, and 8 optical fibers are needed for transmission; the period cost of the existing common optical module is high.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a novel single-fiber bidirectional multichannel input optical module for reducing the cost of an optical network physical layer, which adopts WDM and BIDI to be combined for use, reduces the use of optical fiber resources, combines with applicable PAM4 code type signals, and maintains the frequency bandwidth of a device and reduces the cost of a high-frequency device while increasing the data transmission rate of the channel.
The invention adopts the technical scheme that: a novel single-fiber bidirectional multichannel input optical module adopts a Gecarbox chip to replace a CDR (Clock and Data Recovery, clock data recovery), and further comprises: the system comprises a laser, a PD detector, a WDM multiplexer, a demultiplexing optical device and a BIDI receiving and transmitting module, and specifically comprises a transmitting circuit and a receiving circuit;
the transmitting circuit is as follows: the Gecarbox chip multiplexes the two input electric signals into one electric signal, the output electric signal of the Gecarbox chip is half of the input electric signal, each output electric signal of the Gecarbox chip corresponds to a laser, and the laser converts one output electric signal of the Gecarbox chip into an optical signal; several optical signals are combined into one WDM optical signal through the WDM multiplexer and then transmitted through the BIDI receiving and transmitting module;
the receiving circuit is as follows: the WDM optical signals input by the BIDI module are divided into optical signals with corresponding paths through a demultiplexing optical device, one path of demultiplexed optical signals corresponds to a PD detector, the optical signals are converted into electric signals through the PD detector, the converted electric signals are converted through a Gecarbox chip, and the paths of electric signals output by the Gecarbox chip are twice the paths of electric signals input by the Gecarbox chip.
Further, a laser driver LDD is included for loading an electrical signal of the output of the gecarbox chip to the laser.
Further, the circuit further comprises a TIA circuit, and the TIA circuit is used for amplifying and outputting the electric signal converted by the PD detector.
Further, the optical module adopts a BOX package or a COB package.
Further, the optical module adopts TO CAN CAN package.
Still further, the optical module is combined with a conventional TO CAN package using an integral box-type hermetic package.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the optical module of the invention adopts the Gecarbox chip TO replace the CDR, reduces half of the transceiving photoelectric chip on the basis of the prior art, greatly reduces the size of the whole optical module, combines the WDM multiplexer and the BIDI module, realizes single optical fiber input and output optical signals under the condition of ensuring that the bandwidths of the LDD chip, the TIA chip, the PD chip and the laser are unchanged, saves the cost TO the greatest extent, meets the miniaturization requirement, CAN adopt an integrated box type airtight package TO be combined with the traditional TO CAN package, has higher packaging efficiency, smaller element size, lower cost and stronger function, and is more beneficial TO mass production.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a 4x25G NRZ to 2x50G PAM4Gearbox chip according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 shows an embodiment of an end BIDI optical device A;
FIG. 3 shows another embodiment of the present invention provides another BIDI optical device B;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of a single fiber bi-directional multi-channel optical module including a BIDI optical device A;
fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of an implementation of a single-fiber bidirectional multichannel optical module including a BIDI optical device B according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
Aiming at the problems that in the prior art, a pair of signal receiving and transmitting channels of a common optical module need a light emitting device and a light receiving device, 2 optical fibers are needed for transmission, and the optical module has high cost and larger device size; the solution idea of the invention is as follows:
by adopting BIDI design, only one optical fiber pure genus can be realized; when the input is multichannel, a WDM scheme is adopted, such as 4-channel electric signal input is converted into 4 optical signals with different wavelengths, and only two optical fibers are needed to be received and transmitted by the WDM technology; by combining WDM and BIDI techniques, it is possible to achieve that only one fiber is needed; however, 4-channel signal input requires 4 lasers and 4 receivers, and 4 optical signal channels can be changed into 2 by using transcoding technology, so as to reduce the use of optical receiving devices.
The invention relates to a novel single-fiber bidirectional multichannel input optical module, which comprises: the optical module comprises an optical transmission part and an optical receiving part;
the method comprises the steps of optically transmitting, multiplexing two paths of input electric signals into one path of electric signals by a Gecarbox chip, wherein the number of the output electric signals of the Gecarbox chip is half of that of the input electric signals, each path of output electric signals of the Gecarbox chip corresponds to a laser, and converting one path of output electric signals of the Gecarbox chip into optical signals by the laser; several optical signals are combined into one signal through WDM multiplexer and transmitted through BIDI module;
the optical signal of corresponding path number is recovered through a demultiplexer by a WDM signal formed by a plurality of optical wavelengths received by the BIDI module, and the optical signal is converted into an electric signal through a PD detector; the receiving and sending signals are transmitted optically through BIDI, so that single optical fiber input and output optical signals are realized.
And the circuit also comprises a TIA (Tranimpedance Amplifier, trans-impedance amplifier) circuit which is used for amplifying and outputting the electric signal converted by the PD detector. The LDD adds signal modulation to the laser.
The bi-receiving/transmitting module of the present invention must be used in pairs at both ends of the link, and the dual-channel bi-receiving/transmitting optical device a and the dual-channel bi-receiving/transmitting optical device B shown in fig. 2 and 3 are butt-joint optical modules, and λ1, λ2, λ3, and λ4 represent 4 input/output lights satisfying the design conditions.
Fig. 4 and fig. 5 show schematic diagrams of a single-fiber bidirectional multichannel optical module of a dual-channel BIDI optical device a and a dual-channel BIDI optical device B, respectively, as shown in fig. 5, the novel single-fiber bidirectional multichannel input optical module, wherein multiple paths of input NRZ electrical signals are converted into PAM4 signals through GearBox compiling, and the bandwidths of the chips LDD, TIA and PD are unchanged. Taking QSFP28 optical module as an example, 4 paths of 25G NRZ input electric signals are converted into 2 paths of 50G PAM4 electric signals through GearBox, the electric signals are loaded on a satisfying WDM laser through 2 paths of LDD, 1 path of optical signals are synthesized through WDM and are transmitted through optical fibers; the WDM optical signal is transmitted into the optical fiber, is divided into 2 paths of 50G PAM4 signals through a demultiplexing optical device, is changed into electric signals through respective PDs, is amplified by TIA and transmitted to GearBox, and is changed into 4 paths of 25G NRZ electric signals through GearBox conversion and output. This whole completes a 100G NRZ optical module transmission function. The optical transmission is carried out by receiving and sending signals and adopting the BIDI technology, so that the single optical fiber input and output optical signals are realized. In fig. 5, the MCU is a microcontroller, and the MCU controls the operation of the laser driver LDD and the operation of the control chip GearBox by using a 12C bus made of two wires.
The following is a further explanation of the invention by means of specific examples:
the optical module QSFP28 meeting the QSFP MSA protocol inputs a 4-channel 25G NRZ signal, and according to a common design architecture, 4 light emitting and 4 light receiving devices are needed, and 8 optical fibers are needed for transmission. By adopting the PAM4 coding, WDM and BIDI technology of the invention, the whole optical module only needs one Gecarbox chip for converting a 4-channel 25GE NRZ signal into a 2-channel 50GE PAM4 signal, and the Gecarbox chip is specific: the Gecarbox chip is adopted to replace a CDR chip in the existing 4-receiving and 4-transmitting 25G optical module QSFP28, so that the technical effects of saving 2-receiving and 2-transmitting chips and 7 optical fibers are realized, and the cost of the optical module is saved to the greatest extent.
The optical device CAN adopt TO CAN CAN type packaging, so that the packaging efficiency is higher, the element size is small, the cost is lower, and meanwhile, the production capacity of the existing coaxial equipment CAN be compatible; other packages such as BOX packages, COB packages may also be employed.
It should be noted by those skilled in the art that the above embodiment uses only 4×25g receiving and emitting modules as a column, and the optical module implementation of the present invention is also applicable to other rate 4 channel receiving and emitting modules, which are not limited to only 4 channels, but may be 8 channels, or more.
The electric port inputs a 4-channel 25G NRZ signal, and the 4-channel 25GE NRZ signal is converted into a 2-channel 50GE PAM4 signal through a Gecarbox chip, so that the signal bandwidth of each device is unchanged, and half devices can be reduced under the same process condition, thereby saving a 2-transmission 2-reception photoelectric chip; the 2-channel 50G PAM4 electric signal is subjected to photoelectric/electro-optical conversion through a laser and a receiver and is connected to or receives an opposite-end signal through an optical fiber; then combining WDM technology to combine 2 routes of transmission or reception into one, and finally using BIDI technology to make the layout of 8 optical fibers in the prior art to 1 optical fiber under the same condition; the optical module can save resources.
Those of ordinary skill in the art will recognize that the embodiments described herein are for the purpose of aiding the reader in understanding the principles of the present invention and should be understood that the scope of the invention is not limited to such specific statements and embodiments. Various modifications and variations of the present invention will be apparent to those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the scope of the claims of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. The utility model provides a single-fiber two-way multichannel input optical module which characterized in that adopts the Gecarbox chip to replace clock data and resume CDR, still includes: the system comprises a laser, a PD detector, a wavelength division multiplexing WDM multiplexer, a demultiplexing optical device and a transceiver single-fiber bidirectional BIDI module, and specifically comprises a transmitting circuit and a receiving circuit;
the transmitting circuit is as follows: the Gecarbox chip multiplexes the two input electric signals into one electric signal, the output electric signal of the Gecarbox chip is half of the input electric signal, each output electric signal of the Gecarbox chip corresponds to a laser, and the laser converts one output electric signal of the Gecarbox chip into an optical signal; several optical signals are combined into one path of wavelength division multiplexing WDM optical signal through the wavelength division multiplexing WDM multiplexer, and then transmitted through the receiving-transmitting single-fiber bidirectional BIDI module;
the receiving circuit is as follows: the wavelength division multiplexing WDM optical signals received by the BIDI receiving and transmitting module are divided into optical signals with corresponding paths through a demultiplexing optical device, one path of demultiplexed optical signals corresponds to a PD detector, the optical signals are converted into electric signals through the PD detector, the converted electric signals are converted through a Gearbor chip, and the paths of electric signals output by the Gearbor chip are twice the paths of electric signals input into the Gearbor chip.
2. The single fiber bi-directional multi-channel input optical module of claim 1, further comprising a laser driver LDD for loading an electrical signal of the output of the gecarbox chip to the laser.
3. The single fiber bi-directional multi-channel input optical module of claim 2, further comprising TIA circuitry for amplifying the electrical signal converted by the PD detector and inputting the amplified electrical signal to the gecarbox chip.
4. A single fiber bi-directional multi-channel input optical module as claimed in claim 3 wherein said optical module employs BOX packaging or COB packaging.
5. A single fiber bi-directional multi-channel input optical module as claimed in claim 3 wherein said optical module is in TO CAN packaging.
6. A single fiber bi-directional multi-channel input optical module as claimed in claim 3 wherein said optical module is combined with a conventional TO CAN package using an integral box-type hermetic package.
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