CN110175315A - Contain the hydrometallurgy process metal recovery rate actuarial method for leaching process - Google Patents
Contain the hydrometallurgy process metal recovery rate actuarial method for leaching process Download PDFInfo
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- CN110175315A CN110175315A CN201910605398.4A CN201910605398A CN110175315A CN 110175315 A CN110175315 A CN 110175315A CN 201910605398 A CN201910605398 A CN 201910605398A CN 110175315 A CN110175315 A CN 110175315A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B3/00—Extraction of metal compounds from ores or concentrates by wet processes
- C22B3/04—Extraction of metal compounds from ores or concentrates by wet processes by leaching
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F17/00—Digital computing or data processing equipment or methods, specially adapted for specific functions
- G06F17/10—Complex mathematical operations
- G06F17/18—Complex mathematical operations for evaluating statistical data, e.g. average values, frequency distributions, probability functions, regression analysis
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/20—Recycling
Abstract
Contain the hydrometallurgy process metal recovery rate actuarial method for leaching process the present invention relates to a kind of, it leaches process as separation using hydrometallurgy, part before leaching is classified as feedstock portions one kind, the liquid portion after leaching, which is used as, is uniformly classified as product one kind in product and semi-finished product part and finishing section；Using the raw metal amount that the tenor and trade settlement that leach rich solution are used as the foundation for calculating metal recovery rate；Set metal recovery rate calculation formula asWith using trade settlement raw metal amount as raw material access foundation, there is general applicability to production process, for leaching process reality, it is classified as product one kind using the metal after leaching as in product, the gained rate of recovery gears to actual circumstances, and is the true rate of recovery, the advantages that being conducive to Scientific Decision in Enterprises, particularly suitable for hydrometallurgy leaching and subsequent handling process application.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of containing the hydrometallurgy process metal recovery rate actuarial method for leaching process, is particularly suited for wet process
Metallurgy leaches and subsequent handling process application.
Background technique
Hydrometallurgy generally comprises the following steps: leaching, useful component in raw material is transferred to solution；It is separated by solid-liquid separation, will soak
Solution is separated with residue out, while the solvent for metallurgy and metal ion that become entrained in residue being washed and recycled；Purification enrichment will soak
Solution purification is enriched with out, frequently with ion exchange and solvent extraction technology or other chemical precipitation methods；Metal is produced, electricity is commonly used
It solves extraction method and produces the pure metal such as gold, silver, copper, zinc, nickel, cobalt or metallic compound from scavenging solution.
Calculating of the existing national sector standard to process metal recovery rate generally uses balancing method,
Its calculation formula is:
Above-mentioned formula is the general rate of recovery calculation method of nonferrous metallurgical process, the rate of recovery calculating side of various metals
Method is slightly different, but be all in the above way based on, that is, take the ratio of the amount of metal in the amount of metal and raw ore in product.
In the actual production process, there is following two in the calculating of balancing method metal recovery rate, cause to be calculated
Metal recovery rate and actual recovered rate there are relatively large deviation, adverse effect is brought to accurate calculate of technical-economic index: one
It is in the actual production process, to semi-finished product and in specifically the classifying, count or make an inventory of product, to measure not accurate enough, lead to gold
Belong to the rate of recovery and actual recovered rate there are deviation, semi-finished product refer to and one or several production phases are completed, meets and defined has
Product quality requirement is closed, but it is still necessary to the products that other production phases or process are further processed, and are primarily referred to as in product from one
Workshop be given to another workshop continue the self-made semi-manufactured goods of processing and cannot individually calculate the self-control half of cost at
Product, this kind of self-made semi-manufactured goods, if semi-finished product statistics is too small, are compared also referred to as in product according to the rate of recovery that above-mentioned company calculates
Practical meeting is relatively low, if initial goods in process amount of metal statistics is excessive, metal recovery rate also will be higher compared to reality, above-mentioned various
Data statistics and existing deviation combined influence is measured, will lead to metal recovery rate and actual recovered rate there are large error, with
The rate of recovery is caused to be difficult to reflect production actual conditions；Second is that during the test of hydrometallurgy and daily chemical examination, to finished product
There is also the places of inaccuracy for the metering and chemical examination of amount of metal, such as during the test, usually all using amount of metal-in raw ore
This calculation method of amount of metal in leached mud returns the amount of metal calculated and obtained in finished product, i.e. amount of metal-in finished product amount of metal=raw ore
Amount of metal in leached mud, if Zhang Fengge is " accurately calculating for leaching rate " (being detailed in " non-ferrous metal metallurgy part " periodical 1988)
In, i.e., the amount of metal in raw material is subtracted into the amount of metal in slag as resultant metal amount, teacher, which stays, for another example is imprinted on " certain coated uranium molybdenum
Mine oxidizing roasting-acid leaching process experimental study " in (being detailed in " Uranium " periodical, the 5th phase in 2019) text, the slag meter mentioned
Leaching rate also uses this calculation method.The slag meter rate of recovery being calculated in this way is calculated according to leaching rate in fact
Theoretical recovery (bibliography: " YST 3028-2018 gold metallurgy category balancing technique specification-dump leaching process "), than reality
The border rate of recovery is compared, can be higher, in the routine testing analytic process to leached mud, according to wet-leaching principle, will first be divided
Metal in analysis sample attempts whole dissolutions, then by the amount of metal in analysis liquid, all gold of leached mud are calculated
Belong to content, this method for calculating leached mud tenor, be in fact using by the way of the rate of recovery of practical dissolution or leaching come
Whole amount of metal are calculated, the analysis obtained in this way is the result is that relatively low, because of the dissolution solvent that routine analysis chemical examination uses,
Generally all leached mud is not dissolved all, metal therein also just can not be dissolved out all, according to chemical equilibrium theory, leached mud
The middle metal by inevitable also remaining, namely by leaching means, under normal circumstances, metal actual recovered rate can not all reach
To 100%.
Due to the presence of above-mentioned two problems, lead to the calculating of the current hydrometallurgical metal rate of recovery and physical presence one
Determine deviation, if deviation can be increasing from the point of view of adding up for a long time, production and the accounting of research process economic and technical norms are brought
Adverse effect can not also play the role of the knowledge for reflecting production technology level height.
Researching and developing thus a kind of just seems especially urgent containing the hydrometallurgy process metal recovery rate actuarial method for leaching process.
Summary of the invention
The task of the present invention is in order to overcome the shortcomings of prior art, provide containing the hydrometallurgy process gold for leaching process
Belong to rate of recovery actuarial method, so that it is more nearly and reflect reality, further accurately calculated for other technologies economic indicator and section is provided
Foundation is learned, determines that valuation coefficient provides accurate foundation especially for the purchasing of raw materials of hydrometallurgy enterprise.
The task of the present invention is by the following technical programs to complete:
Contain the hydrometallurgy process metal recovery rate actuarial method for leaching process:
(1) process is leached as separation using hydrometallurgy, the part before leaching is classified as feedstock portions one kind, after leaching
Liquid portion and semi-finished product are classified as in product and semi-finished product part one kind, and finished product is classified as finishing section one kind；
(2) using the raw metal amount that the tenor and trade settlement that leach rich solution are used as calculating metal recovery rate
Foundation；
(3) metal recovery rate calculation formula is set:
Firstly, the present invention is based on two kinds of fact basis: first is that for the tenor in raw material, when using trade settlement
Determining content, this raw material grade is a principal economic indicators, so that it is accurate for defaulting it；Second is that in the inspection of non-ferrous metal
It surveys in analytic process, most metals content analysis method is sufficiently to dissolve the amount of metal in solid to enter in liquid,
The content in solid is obtained indirectly by the content in detection liquid, therefore the tenor for defaulting fluid sample tests and analyzes,
Metal detection compared to solid sample is analyzed, and is more accurately, thus the knot that default obtains the metal content analysis in liquid
Fruit is accurate.
For hydrometallurgy process, leaching process is undoubtedly the critical process for determining rate of recovery size, valuable metal
As long as can leach and there is no omitting, subsequent recuperable probability will be close to 100%, therefore the present invention is to leach process
As separation, the part before leaching is classified as raw material one kind, and the part after leaching is used as a kind of in product and this finished product, finished product.
Leachate containing valuable metal and all kinds of liquid for being enriched valuable metal are classified as in the present invention in product, above-mentioned liquid
Valuable metal in body passes through similar electrolysis or other chemical processes, and after being converted into solid metal, which then becomes semi-finished product,
After semi-finished product are separated and can individually be measured with hydrometallurgy process, then finished product is classified as.
For solve production process in semi-finished product and product specifically classify, count, measure it is not accurate enough cause metal return
There is deviation in the calculating of yield, the present invention will be classified as one kind in product and semi-finished product, for amount of metal contained by product
Calculating, not only consider the metal product that can have individually measured, it is also contemplated that initial and final goods in process, semi-finished product gold
Category amount.That is:
Resultant metal amount (t)=finished metal amount (t)+final goods in process and semi-finished metal amount (t)-initial goods in process and
If semi-finished metal amount (t) counts incomplete in product, semi-finished product in this way, rate of recovery reduction will result directly in, even if to the phase
End is excessive in product, semi-finished metal amount statistics, causes current period metal recovery rate higher, but calculates metal recovery in next phase
When rate, the final goods in process of a upper phase, semi-finished metal amount will become initial goods in process, the semi-finished metal amount of next phase
(bibliography: " 441.5 non-ferrous metal management of balance specification of YS/T441.1~YS/T "), namely:
Upper phase final goods in process and semi-finished metal amount (t)=initial goods in process of next phase and semi-finished metal amount (t)
The metal recovery rate of phase next in this way can the rate of recovery higher to a upper phase correct.
It, will not during production and test to solve the problems, such as that analysis detection valuable metal content is inaccurate in leached mud
Again using valuable metal content in leached mud as calculate metal recovery rate foundation, but only with leachate and other be enriched
Foundation of the raw material grade that the tenor and trade settlement of the liquid of metal are used as the calculating rate of recovery.In leached mud
Metal content analysis is only used as investigating the foundation of irretrievable amount of metal.To sum up, for wet metallurgical leaching process, the present invention
The formula of the calculating metal recovery rate of use carries out substantial improvements to existing conventional balancing method.
The present invention has the following advantages that or effect:
(1) using trade settlement raw metal amount as raw material access foundation, have to hydrometallurgy production process and generally fit
The property used.
(2) practical for leaching process, it is classified as product one kind using the metal after leaching as in product, the gained rate of recovery is cut
Reality is closed, is the true rate of recovery.
(3) metal recovery rate of accurate calculation is conducive to metallurgy industry science decision, can be promoted to country and promote category
It is quasi-.
(4) determine that valuation coefficient provides accurate foundation for the purchasing of raw materials of hydrometallurgy enterprise.
% of the present invention is mass percent.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is a kind of hydrometallurgy process metal recovery rate actuarial method containing leaching process proposed according to the present invention
Process flow chart.
Explanation is described in further detail below in conjunction with attached drawing.
Specific embodiment
As shown in Figure 1, a kind of hydrometallurgy process metal recovery rate actuarial method for containing leaching process of the invention:
(1) process is leached as separation using hydrometallurgy, the part before leaching is classified as feedstock portions one kind, after leaching
Liquid portion and semi-finished product are classified as in product and semi-finished product part one kind, and finished product is classified as finishing section one kind；
(2) using the raw metal amount that the tenor and trade settlement that leach rich solution are used as calculating metal recovery rate
Foundation；
(3) metal recovery rate calculation formula is set:
Actuarial method of the invention may furthermore is that:
Amount of metal contained by the feedstock portions is raw metal amount.
The amount of metal contained by product and semi-finished product part is in product and semi-finished metal amount and to set:
Upper phase final goods in process and semi-finished metal amount (t)=initial goods in process of next phase and semi-finished metal amount (t).
Amount of metal contained by the finishing section is finished metal amount.
The finished metal amount adds semi-finished metal amount to be resultant metal amount and set resultant metal amount calculation formula:
Resultant metal amount (t)=finished metal amount (t)+final goods in process and semi-finished metal amount (t)-initial goods in process and
Semi-finished metal amount (t).
Water is added in raw material after to the pretreatment and leaching solvent is leached, solid portion and liquid portion after must leaching
Point, the solid portion of removal is leached mud, after liquid portion is enriched with again through conventional electrolysis or other refinement methods obtain half at
Product are finished product after semi-finished product are packaged and can individually be measured.
As shown in Fig. 1 process flow diagram, to the pretreatment after raw material water and leaching solvent be added leached, obtain
Solid portion after leaching and leach rich solution part, the solid portion of removal is leached mud, leach rich solution be in product part,
Rich solution enrichment will be leached and obtain semi-finished product part through electrolysis or other refinement methods again, semi-finished product be packaged and can individually measure after as
Finishing section.
To describe the problem, the metal recovery rate of this process might as well be calculated by one month.It takes monthly to be used as within 1st and make an inventory
Time.Chemically examine valuable metal content by the liquid sampling of to leaching section and later other each processes, according to the content with
And the liquid volume (being calculated by liquid level multiplied by trough pool floor space) of corresponding each trough pool, it can calculate this month 1st and make
The amount of metal of product, the amount of metal are initial goods in process amount of metal, for the tenor of semi-finished product, if it is electrowinning process,
It then can as average value, all amount of metal be then average value multiplied by semi-finished product quantity using weighing wherein a piece of semi-finished product weight
It obtains, the semi-finished metal amount of other processes also presses similar approach calculating.1 day secondary month, the end of term is calculated with same method
In product and the amount of metal of semi-finished product.
Calculating for raw metal amount, using putting into the material quantity of in-process every time multiplied by the trade of the batch raw material
Grade is settled accounts, then calculates of that month aggregate-value and obtains.Because the metal loss amount of preprocessing process is few, or even can ignore, because
Raw metal amount is equal to amount of metal contained by raw material after this can consider the pretreatment for putting into leaching process.
For the amount of metal of finished product, then all amount of metal to be put in storage when month to date.If finished product is not pure metal, gold
The calculating of category amount should be calculated according to its weight (dry measure) multiplied by grade, and be obtained after adding up.
Above-mentioned each result is updated in formula of the invention to get of that month accurate metal recovery rate has been arrived.
Embodiment 1
Assuming that certain smeltery's technique uses raw ore acidleach-Extraction electrodeposition technique, the raw ore of leaching system is put into January
Measuring (dry measure) is 3000t, and copper average grade is 8%, and the tough cathode for adding up output factory's January is 205t, and leached mud dry measure is
2600t is 1% through the copper average grade in assay slag.Factory's metal balance data is consulted, show that January 1 made an inventory
The metallic copper content (i.e. initial semi-finished product and in product amount of metal) of product and semi-finished product part adds up to 56t, makes an inventory within 1 day 2 months
Metallic copper content (i.e. end of term semi-finished product and in product amount of metal) in product and semi-finished product part adds up to 65t, according to above-mentioned
Data are brought into actuarial method formula designed by the present invention by step calculation:
ThenThis result is accurate rate of recovery result.
Comparison is calculated using slag meter leaching rate, then in the finished metal amount of above-mentioned formula=processing raw metal amount-slag
Amount of metal=3000*8%-2600*1%=240-26=214 (t), then above-mentioned rate of recovery result are as follows:
Nearly 2 percentage points more than the accurate rate of recovery, this is in fact
It is theoretical recovery, is not realistic, because being actually that first solution leaches to the grade analysis of copper in leached mud, analysis
Copper grade in leachate calculates the copper grade in solid, then the result is that relatively low, this causes the metering of the copper content in slag inclined
It is low, it is higher then to eventually lead to the rate of recovery.
Comparison calculates the above process rate of recovery using existing balancing method, then above-mentioned data is substituted into following formula:
ThenThis is just fewer than the rate of recovery that the present invention is calculated
About 0.4 percentage point, the copper metal leached is not classified as in product and product mainly by this, but is attributed to raw material
Result caused by considering from deducting in processing raw metal amount is less than normal, the copper metal present in leachate leached,
As long as not revealing, recuperable probability close to 100%, however 89.16% rate of recovery be it is more accurate, can more reflect
The rate of recovery index of actual conditions.
Embodiment 2
Assuming that certain smeltery's technique produces cathode zinc using whole ore roasting-leaching-purification-electrolysis process, if March puts into
The raw material (dry measure) of roaster is 8000t, and zinc average grade 40%, factory's March, the electrolysis zinc ingot metal of accumulative storage was 2890t,
It is 2% through the average zinc grade in assay leached mud if flue dust is taken away zinc amount of metal and added up as 20t in roasting process, leaching
Total amount of slagging tap (dry measure) is 2100t, and average zinc grade is 3% in purification slag, and purification slag total amount (dry measure) is 200t, should through consulting
Factory's metal balance data, obtain made an inventory March 1 product and semi-finished product part metallic copper content (i.e. initial semi-finished product and
Liquid, electrolyte after liquid, purification before product amount of metal, including leachate, purification, similarly hereinafter) 240t is added up to, April 1, which made an inventory, is making
The metallic copper content (i.e. end of term semi-finished product and in product amount of metal) of product and semi-finished product part adds up to 190t.
According to above-mentioned each data, it can show that putting into the zinc amount of metal for leaching process March is 8000*40%-20=3000
(t), that is, the raw metal amount for leaching process actual treatment is 3000t；
The zinc amount of metal that leached mud and purification slag are taken away is 2100*3%+200*3%=63+6=69 (t),
Initial semi-finished product and be 240t in product amount of metal, end of term semi-finished product and in product amount of metal 190t, will it is above-mentioned respectively
Data substitute into the formula that the present invention designs:
ThenThis result is accurate rate of recovery calculated result.
Comparison is calculated using slag meter leaching rate, then in the finished metal amount of above-mentioned formula=processing raw metal amount-slag
Amount of metal=3000-69=2931 (t), then above-mentioned rate of recovery result are as follows:
Nearly 2% more than the rate of recovery that accurately calculates, reason is same
On, because this calculation is theoretical recovery.
Comparison calculates the above process rate of recovery using existing balancing method, then above-mentioned data is substituted into following formula:
ThenIt is thus more than accurately calculating the rate of recovery obtained
About 0.1 percentage point.It is primarily due to, will be measured more for product amount relative raw material after product is classified as raw material one kind
It is small, so the influence to rate of recovery result is also just small.
It is existing using balancing method calculate the rate of recovery by the way of, be will product be classified as raw material one kind, when calculating the rate of recovery
It is reduced from raw material, there is certain general applicability, the metal recovery rate calculation that the present invention designs leaches work for containing
The hydrometallurgy process of sequence, the metal after leaching are classified as product one kind, in contrast the metal recovery rate obtained more meets reality
Border, however be more accurate calculation method.When occur final goods in process and semi-finished metal amount=initial goods in process and half at
When this special circumstances of product amount of metal, according to existing " 441.5 non-ferrous metal management of balance specification of YS/T441.1~YS/T ",
This kind of amount of metal will enter metal balance by surplus constant, be not required to make an inventory, however be not belonging to the metal recovery rate that the present invention designs
Calculate access range.During the test, because not needing to make an inventory, there is no initial end of term surplus problems for this situation, use
The rate of recovery calculation that the present invention designs, it is consistent with the result that conventional balancing method is calculated.But in actual production process, the phase
End is in product and semi-finished metal amount=initial goods in process and the probability of semi-finished metal amount appearance also close to 0.However this hair
The metal recovery rate calculation of bright design, to having general applicability in production process, is not flat as existing balancing method
The special case of weighing apparatus method.
The advantage and disadvantage of above-mentioned three kinds of calculation methods are summarized as follows:
1: three kind of rate of recovery calculation comparison of table
As described above, the present invention can be better realized.Above-described embodiment is only the optimal embodiment of the present invention, but this
The embodiment of invention is simultaneously not restricted to the described embodiments, what other were done without departing from the spirit and principles of the present invention
Change, modification, replacement, combination, simplify, should be equivalent substitute mode, be included in protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. containing the hydrometallurgy process metal recovery rate actuarial method for leaching process, it is characterised in that
(1) process is leached as separation using hydrometallurgy, the part before leaching is classified as feedstock portions one kind, the liquid after leaching
Part and semi-finished product are classified as in product and semi-finished product part one kind, and finished product is classified as finishing section one kind；
(2) using the raw metal amount that the tenor and trade settlement that leach rich solution are used as calculate metal recovery rate according to
According to；
(3) metal recovery rate calculation formula is set:
2. actuarial method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that amount of metal contained by the feedstock portions is raw metal amount.
3. actuarial method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that the amount of metal contained by product and semi-finished product part be
Product and semi-finished metal amount are simultaneously set:
Upper phase final goods in process and semi-finished metal amount (t)=initial goods in process of next phase and semi-finished metal amount (t).
4. actuarial method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that amount of metal contained by the finishing section is finished metal amount.
5. actuarial method according to claim 1 or 4, it is characterized in that the finished metal amount adds semi-finished metal amount to be product
Amount of metal simultaneously sets resultant metal amount calculation formula:
Resultant metal amount (t)=finished metal amount (t)+final goods in process and semi-finished metal amount (t)-initial goods in process and half at
Product amount of metal (t).
6. actuarial method according to claim 1 or 3, it is characterized in that water and leaching solvent is added to raw material after the pretreatment
It is leached, solid portion and liquid portion after must leaching, the solid portion of removal is leached mud, and liquid portion is enriched with
Semi-finished product are obtained through conventional electrolysis or other refinement methods again afterwards, are finished product after semi-finished product are packaged and can individually be measured.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN113699388A (en) * | 2021-09-01 | 2021-11-26 | 信丰华锐钨钼新材料有限公司 | Tungsten waste material decomposition process selection system |
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| RU2171855C1 (en) * | 2000-01-05 | 2001-08-10 | Оао "Екатеринбургский Завод По Обработке Цветных Металлов" | Method of recovery of platinum metals from slimes |
| JP2013067838A (en) * | 2011-09-22 | 2013-04-18 | Sumitomo Metal Mining Co Ltd | Chlorine leaching process for metal sulfide and hydrometallurgical process for metal |
| CN102560124A (en) * | 2012-02-24 | 2012-07-11 | 唐锡中 | Treatment method for harmless reclamation of solid waste of heavy metal |
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