CN110173314B - Valve bridge capable of realizing compression release type engine braking and exhaust braking method thereof - Google Patents
Valve bridge capable of realizing compression release type engine braking and exhaust braking method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN110173314B CN110173314B CN201910406432.5A CN201910406432A CN110173314B CN 110173314 B CN110173314 B CN 110173314B CN 201910406432 A CN201910406432 A CN 201910406432A CN 110173314 B CN110173314 B CN 110173314B
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- Prior art keywords
- oil
- plunger
- cavity
- driving
- driving plunger
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
- F01L1/00—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear
- F01L1/26—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear characterised by the provision of two or more valves operated simultaneously by same transmitting-gear; peculiar to machines or engines with more than two lift-valves per cylinder
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
- F01L13/00—Modifications of valve-gear to facilitate reversing, braking, starting, changing compression ratio, or other specific operations
- F01L13/06—Modifications of valve-gear to facilitate reversing, braking, starting, changing compression ratio, or other specific operations for braking
- F01L13/065—Compression release engine retarders of the "Jacobs Manufacturing" type
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
- F01L9/00—Valve-gear or valve arrangements actuated non-mechanically
- F01L9/10—Valve-gear or valve arrangements actuated non-mechanically by fluid means, e.g. hydraulic
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D13/00—Controlling the engine output power by varying inlet or exhaust valve operating characteristics, e.g. timing
- F02D13/02—Controlling the engine output power by varying inlet or exhaust valve operating characteristics, e.g. timing during engine operation
- F02D13/04—Controlling the engine output power by varying inlet or exhaust valve operating characteristics, e.g. timing during engine operation using engine as brake
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of engine braking, in particular to a valve bridge capable of realizing compression release type engine braking and an exhaust braking method thereof. The valve bridge mainly comprises a valve bridge body, a one-way valve, a driving plunger and a driven plunger. The valve bridge body is provided with a first plunger cavity for installing a driving plunger, a second plunger cavity for installing a driven plunger, an oil discharge oil duct and a connecting oil duct. The driving plunger is internally provided with a one-way valve, and the driving plunger is provided with a driving plunger oil discharge channel. An elastic piece and a driving plunger oil cavity are arranged between the driving plunger and the first plunger cavity, and the driving plunger oil cavity is communicated with the driving plunger oil discharging channel. The connecting oil duct is communicated with the driving plunger oil cavity and the driven plunger oil cavity. The valve bridge exhaust braking method provided by the invention can realize normal work of the exhaust valve and realize the compression release type engine braking function under the same cam.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of engine braking, in particular to a valve bridge capable of realizing compression release type engine braking and an exhaust braking method thereof.
Background
Compression release type engine braking is a mainstream engine braking technology at present, has high braking power, is generally applied to some commercial vehicles, such as in the long downhill process, starts a control switch, stops oil and extinguishes, the engine drags backward, and opens an exhaust valve when the later stage of a piston compression stroke approaches to the vicinity of a top dead center, and high-pressure gas is discharged, so that most of energy absorbed by the compressed gas is discharged. Compression release engine braking achieves braking effects through energy consumption.
One precedent for engine braking devices is the hydraulic engine brake disclosed in U.S. patent No. 3220392 in 1965 by Cummins (Cummins). In this technique, the mechanical input is transmitted through a hydraulic circuit to an exhaust valve to be opened. The hydraulic circuit typically includes a master piston reciprocating within a master piston bore from mechanical inputs to the engine, such as the rocking of a rocker arm, with the motion of the master piston being transferred through hydraulic fluid to a slave piston reciprocating within the slave piston bore, the slave piston acting directly or indirectly on an exhaust valve to produce engine braking operation valve events.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a valve bridge capable of realizing compression release type engine braking and an exhaust braking method thereof, which have simple structures, and can realize normal work of an exhaust valve and a compression release type engine braking function under the same cam.
The invention discloses a valve bridge capable of realizing compression release type engine braking, which comprises a valve bridge body, a one-way valve, a driving plunger and a driven plunger, wherein the valve bridge body is provided with a valve seat;
the valve bridge body is provided with a first plunger cavity for installing a driving plunger, a second plunger cavity for installing a driven plunger, an oil discharge oil duct and a connecting oil duct; the driving plunger is internally provided with a one-way valve, and is provided with a driving plunger oil discharge channel; an elastic piece and a driving plunger oil cavity are arranged between the driving plunger and the first plunger cavity, and the driving plunger oil cavity is communicated with the driving plunger oil discharging channel; the connecting oil duct is communicated with the driving plunger oil cavity and the driven plunger oil cavity; the driving plunger can move up and down in the first plunger cavity; the movement of the driving plunger in the stroke range of the driving plunger enables the valve bridge to be in an oil discharge state and a non-oil discharge state, and when the valve bridge is in the oil discharge state, the oil discharge passage is communicated with the oil discharge passage of the driving plunger, so that the oil discharge passage is communicated with the connecting oil passage; when the oil discharge channel is in a non-communication state with the active plunger oil discharge channel, the valve bridge is in a non-oil discharge state.
According to the invention, when the oil cavity of the driving plunger and the connecting oil duct are filled with oil, the driven plunger can move downwards due to the downward movement of the driving plunger due to the action of the oil pressure.
According to the invention, when the position of the active plunger is proper, the connecting oil duct can be communicated with the oil discharge oil duct through the oil discharge groove of the active plunger, so that oil is discharged.
Preferably, the elastic element is a spring abutting between the bottom of the first plunger cavity and the inside of the active plunger.
Preferably, the connecting oil duct is a three-way channel, and a first port of the connecting oil duct is communicated with the top of the oil cavity of the driven plunger; the second port is communicated with the bottom of the oil cavity of the driving plunger; the third port is communicated with the oil discharge channel through the active plunger oil discharge channel when the valve bridge is in an oil discharge state.
Preferably, the oil discharging channel of the driving plunger is two channels formed on the wall surface of the driving plunger; the pore canal is communicated with the oil cavity of the driving plunger, and when the oil is in an oil unloading state, one pore canal is communicated with the oil unloading oil duct, and the other pore canal is communicated with the connecting oil duct.
The invention also discloses an exhaust braking method of the valve bridge, which comprises the following steps: starting an engine brake control switch, starting oil supply by the system, and enabling oil to enter an oil cavity of the driving plunger through a one-way valve in the driving plunger; when the engine is near the top dead center in the later stage of the compression stroke, the driving plunger moves downwards due to the action of the shape of the cam, the oil pressure in the oil cavity of the driving plunger, the connecting oil duct and the oil cavity of the driven plunger rises, the driven plunger is pushed to move downwards, the exhaust valve of the engine is pushed to open, and high-pressure gas is released;
when the driving plunger moves down further, the connecting oil duct is communicated with the oil discharge duct, the valve bridge is in an oil discharge state, so that pressure oil in the driven plunger oil cavity and the driving plunger oil cavity is discharged, the oil pressure is reduced, the driven plunger moves up to return, the exhaust valve is closed, and the compression release type engine braking process in the cycle is completed; after the exhaust stroke of the engine is finished, the active plunger moves back to the position under the action of the elastic piece due to the action of the cam shape, negative pressure is formed in the active plunger oil cavity, and oil pressure in the active plunger oil cavity is restored due to continuous oil supply of the system, so that the next cycle is ready to be started.
Further, if the engine brake control switch is closed to stop oil supply, the oil pressure in the oil cavity of the driving plunger cannot be maintained, the driven plunger does not move downwards when the driving plunger moves downwards, the exhaust valve does not open in the later period of the compression stroke of the engine, the compression release type engine brake function fails, and the exhaust valve is opened after the exhaust stroke of the engine is in rigid contact with the valve bridge like a foot, so that the engine with no exhaust brake function is different from the engine without exhaust brake function.
The valve bridge capable of realizing compression release type engine braking and the exhaust braking method thereof have the advantages that the design is ingenious, the structure is simple, and under the same cam, if engine braking is closed, namely, the system does not supply oil, the exhaust valve can be normally opened and closed, and the valve bridge is not different from an engine with a general exhaust braking function; if the engine brake is started and the system supplies oil, the exhaust brake function can be realized in the later stage of the compression stroke of the engine, and the exhaust valve timing and lift of the exhaust stroke can not be influenced.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a valve bridge configured to implement compression-release engine braking according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a valve bridge in an exhaust braking state according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a valve bridge in an oil discharge state, i.e. a connecting oil passage is communicated with an oil discharge passage through an oil discharge passage of an active plunger in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic illustration of the engagement of the attachment mechanism such as the cam and rocker arm with the valve bridge in an exhaust braking condition in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
marking: the valve comprises a 1-one-way valve, a 2-driving plunger, a 3-driving plunger oil discharging channel, a 4-driving plunger oil cavity, a 5-oil discharging oil duct, a 6-connecting oil duct, a 7-plug, an 8-driven plunger, a 9-valve bridge body, a 10-elastic piece, a 11-first plunger cavity, a 12-second plunger cavity, a 13-driven plunger oil cavity, a 14-elephant foot, a 15-adjusting screw, a 16-rocker arm, a 17-roller, a 18-cam and a 19-exhaust valve.
Detailed Description
The following describes the embodiments of the present invention further with reference to the drawings.
As shown in fig. 1, 2 and 3: a valve bridge capable of realizing compression release type engine braking mainly comprises a one-way valve 1, a driving plunger 2, a driving plunger oil discharge channel 3, a driving plunger oil cavity 4, an oil discharge oil duct 5, a connecting oil duct 6, a plug 7, a driven plunger 8, a valve bridge body 9, an elastic piece 10, a first plunger cavity 11, a second plunger cavity 12 and a driven plunger oil cavity 13. The valve bridge body 9 is provided with a first plunger cavity 11 for installing the driving plunger 2, a second plunger cavity 12 for installing the driven plunger 8, an oil discharge duct 5 and a connecting duct 6, and the surface of the valve bridge body 9 is provided with a plug 7 for sealing a processing duct. The driving plunger 2 is internally provided with a one-way valve 1, and the driving plunger 2 is provided with a driving plunger oil discharging channel 3. An elastic piece 10 and a driving plunger oil cavity 4 are arranged between the driving plunger 2 and the first plunger cavity 11, and the driving plunger oil cavity 4 is communicated with the driving plunger oil discharging channel 3. The connecting oil duct 6 is communicated with the driving plunger oil cavity 4 and the driven plunger oil cavity 13.
The engine brake control switch is started, the system starts to supply oil continuously, and the oil enters the active plunger oil cavity 4 through the one-way valve 1 and fills and forms certain oil pressure. The slave plunger 8 remains in place and is not yet moved down as shown in fig. 1.
When the later stage of the compression stroke of the engine approaches the top dead center, the shape of the cam 18 causes the driving plunger 2 to start to move downwards, and the oil pressure in the driving plunger oil cavity 4, the connecting oil duct 6 and the driven plunger oil cavity 13 rises due to the downward movement of the driving plunger 2, so that the driven plunger 8 is pushed to move downwards, the exhaust valve 19 is opened, and high-pressure gas is released, as shown in fig. 2 and 4. In the process of further downward movement of the driving plunger 2, the oil discharge state is reached first, the connecting oil duct 6 is communicated with the oil discharge oil duct 5 through the driving plunger oil discharge channel 3, pressure oil flows out of the oil discharge oil duct 5, the oil pressure in the driving plunger oil cavity 4 and the connecting oil duct 6 is reduced, the driven plunger 8 moves back to the position, the exhaust valve 19 is closed, and the compression release type engine braking process in the cycle is completed. The whole adjusting screw 15 continues to move downwards until the elephant foot 14 is in rigid contact with the valve bridge body 9, at which point, as shown in fig. 3, after the expansion stroke, the piston in the engine cylinder moves downwards, the piston moves downwards, because most of the high pressure gas is discharged, energy can be consumed for braking, after which the exhaust stage is ready to enter, and because of the shape of the cam 18, the elephant foot 14 is kept in rigid contact with the valve bridge 9, and the exhaust valve 19 can realize normal early and late opening and closing. In order to achieve the buffering effect, after the exhaust stroke is finished, the exhaust valve 19 keeps rigid contact with the valve bridge body 9 in a short time after closing, then the active plunger 2 moves upwards under the action of the elastic piece 10 and then exits from the oil discharging state, negative pressure is formed in the active plunger oil cavity 4, and oil pressure in the active plunger oil cavity 4 can be restored due to continuous oil supply of the system, so that the next cycle is ready to enter.
If the engine brake control switch is closed, the oil supply is stopped, the oil pressure in the driving plunger oil cavity 4 is difficult to maintain, after a plurality of cycles, namely, the driving plunger 2 moves downwards quickly, the driven plunger 8 can not move downwards through the oil pressure, the exhaust valve 19 can not be opened in the later period of the compression stroke of the engine, the compression release type engine brake function is invalid, and the exhaust valve 19 is opened after the elephant foot 14 is rigidly contacted with the valve bridge body 9, and the engine is different from the engine without the general exhaust brake function.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solution of the present invention, and are not limiting; although the invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, various modifications will be apparent to those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. A valve bridge for effecting compression release engine braking, comprising: the valve bridge comprises a valve bridge body, a one-way valve, a driving plunger and a driven plunger;
the valve bridge body is provided with a first plunger cavity for installing a driving plunger, a second plunger cavity for installing a driven plunger, an oil discharge oil duct and a connecting oil duct; the driving plunger is internally provided with a one-way valve, and is provided with a driving plunger oil discharge channel; an elastic piece and a driving plunger oil cavity are arranged between the driving plunger and the first plunger cavity, and the driving plunger oil cavity is communicated with the driving plunger oil discharging channel; the connecting oil duct is communicated with the driving plunger oil cavity and the driven plunger oil cavity; the driving plunger can move up and down in the first plunger cavity; the movement of the driving plunger in the stroke range of the driving plunger enables the valve bridge to be in an oil discharge state and a non-oil discharge state, and when the valve bridge is in the oil discharge state, the oil discharge passage is communicated with the oil discharge passage of the driving plunger, so that the oil discharge passage is communicated with the connecting oil passage; when the oil discharge channel is in a non-communication state with the active plunger oil discharge channel, the valve bridge is in a non-oil discharge state.
2. The compression release engine braking enabled valve bridge of claim 1, wherein: the elastic piece is a spring which is abutted between the bottom of the first plunger cavity and the inside of the driving plunger.
3. The compression release engine braking enabled valve bridge of claim 1, wherein: the connecting oil duct is a three-way channel, and a first port of the connecting oil duct is communicated with the top of the driven plunger oil cavity; the second port is communicated with the bottom of the oil cavity of the driving plunger; the third port is communicated with the oil discharge channel through the active plunger oil discharge channel when the valve bridge is in an oil discharge state.
4. The valve bridge for realizing compression release type engine braking according to claim 1, wherein the oil discharging channel of the active plunger is two channels formed on the wall surface of the active plunger; the pore canal is communicated with the oil cavity of the driving plunger, and when the oil is in an oil unloading state, one pore canal is communicated with the oil unloading oil duct, and the other pore canal is communicated with the connecting oil duct.
5. An exhaust braking method using the valve bridge according to claim 1, characterized in that: starting an engine brake control switch, starting oil supply by the system, and enabling oil to enter an oil cavity of the driving plunger through a one-way valve in the driving plunger; when the engine is near the top dead center in the later stage of the compression stroke, the driving plunger moves downwards due to the action of the shape of the cam, the oil pressure in the oil cavity of the driving plunger, the connecting oil duct and the oil cavity of the driven plunger rises, the driven plunger is pushed to move downwards, the exhaust valve of the engine is pushed to open, and high-pressure gas is released;
when the driving plunger moves down further, the connecting oil duct is communicated with the oil discharge duct, the valve bridge is in an oil discharge state, so that pressure oil in the driven plunger oil cavity and the driving plunger oil cavity is discharged, the oil pressure is reduced, the driven plunger moves up to return, the exhaust valve is closed, and the compression release type engine braking process is completed; after the exhaust stroke of the engine is finished, the active plunger moves back to the position under the action of the elastic piece due to the action of the cam shape, negative pressure is formed in the active plunger oil cavity, and oil pressure in the active plunger oil cavity is restored due to continuous oil supply of the system, so that the next cycle is ready to be started.
6. The exhaust braking method of a valve bridge according to claim 5, characterized in that: if the engine brake control switch is closed, the oil supply is stopped, the oil pressure in the oil cavity of the driving plunger cannot be maintained, the driven plunger does not move downwards when the driving plunger moves downwards, the exhaust valve cannot be opened in the later period of the compression stroke of the engine, the compression release type engine brake function fails, and the exhaust valve is opened after the exhaust stroke of the engine is close to the rigid contact of the exhaust valve bridge and the like, so that the engine with no exhaust brake function is different from the engine without the exhaust brake function.
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| CN201910406432.5A CN110173314B (en) | 2019-05-15 | 2019-05-15 | Valve bridge capable of realizing compression release type engine braking and exhaust braking method thereof |
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| CN201910406432.5A CN110173314B (en) | 2019-05-15 | 2019-05-15 | Valve bridge capable of realizing compression release type engine braking and exhaust braking method thereof |
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| CN110173314A CN110173314A (en) | 2019-08-27 |
| CN110173314B true CN110173314B (en) | 2023-07-18 |
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Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN110566308B (en) * | 2019-09-03 | 2020-08-25 | 浙江大学 | Reset slide valve type rocker arm mechanism for engine braking and braking method thereof |
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