CN110173313A - High parameter ORC turbine power generation equipment and ORC device applied to engine exhaust heat recycling - Google Patents
High parameter ORC turbine power generation equipment and ORC device applied to engine exhaust heat recycling Download PDFInfo
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- CN110173313A CN110173313A CN201910455216.XA CN201910455216A CN110173313A CN 110173313 A CN110173313 A CN 110173313A CN 201910455216 A CN201910455216 A CN 201910455216A CN 110173313 A CN110173313 A CN 110173313A
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- engine
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- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 16
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 12
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 156
- 235000019441 ethanol Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 77
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000000498 cooling water Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000003628 erosive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000002161 passivation Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007800 oxidant agent Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002826 coolant Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 31
- 239000003507 refrigerant Substances 0.000 description 12
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- MSSNHSVIGIHOJA-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentafluoropropane Chemical compound FC(F)CC(F)(F)F MSSNHSVIGIHOJA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 6
- 210000004907 gland Anatomy 0.000 description 5
- 229910001069 Ti alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000002918 waste heat Substances 0.000 description 4
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Formaldehyde Chemical compound O=C WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000009841 combustion method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011068 loading method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 201000004569 Blindness Diseases 0.000 description 1
- KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorane Chemical compound F KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 206010020843 Hyperthermia Diseases 0.000 description 1
- CBENFWSGALASAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ozone Chemical compound [O-][O+]=O CBENFWSGALASAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- -1 R123 Chemical compound 0.000 description 1
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000001476 alcoholic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000001335 aliphatic alkanes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010835 comparative analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002283 diesel fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000017525 heat dissipation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910000040 hydrogen fluoride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000036031 hyperthermia Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008450 motivation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000252 nontoxic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000003000 nontoxic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000005416 organic matter Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000575 pesticide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000565 sealant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 231100000004 severe toxicity Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 238000010025 steaming Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 231100000331 toxic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000002588 toxic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002912 waste gas Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
- F01D15/00—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of engines with devices driven thereby
- F01D15/10—Adaptations for driving, or combinations with, electric generators
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
- F01K11/00—Plants characterised by the engines being structurally combined with boilers or condensers
- F01K11/02—Plants characterised by the engines being structurally combined with boilers or condensers the engines being turbines
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
- F01K21/00—Steam engine plants not otherwise provided for
- F01K21/04—Steam engine plants not otherwise provided for using mixtures of steam and gas; Plants generating or heating steam by bringing water or steam into direct contact with hot gas
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02G—HOT GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT ENGINE PLANTS; USE OF WASTE HEAT OF COMBUSTION ENGINES; NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F02G5/00—Profiting from waste heat of combustion engines, not otherwise provided for
- F02G5/02—Profiting from waste heat of exhaust gases
- F02G5/04—Profiting from waste heat of exhaust gases in combination with other waste heat from combustion engines
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M26/00—Engine-pertinent apparatus for adding exhaust gases to combustion-air, main fuel or fuel-air mixture, e.g. by exhaust gas recirculation [EGR] systems
- F02M26/13—Arrangement or layout of EGR passages, e.g. in relation to specific engine parts or for incorporation of accessories
- F02M26/22—Arrangement or layout of EGR passages, e.g. in relation to specific engine parts or for incorporation of accessories with coolers in the recirculation passage
- F02M26/23—Layout, e.g. schematics
- F02M26/28—Layout, e.g. schematics with liquid-cooled heat exchangers
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
- Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Engine Equipment That Uses Special Cycles (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of high parameter ORC turbine power generation equipment and ORC device applied to engine exhaust heat recycling, including ORC coolant circulating system, motor exhaust system, electricity generation system, pressurized air system and external cooling water system.The device is exactly the ethanol solution working medium that low temperature liquid is transferred heat to using engine high-temperature tail gas, and ethanol solution working medium, which absorbs heat, becomes overheat high temperature and high pressure steam, driving expanding machine acting.From expanding machine come out after ethyl alcohol become low pressure gas, low pressure gas releases heat using condenser and becomes liquid, and is pressurized to evaporating pressure by water pump and is re-delivered in evaporator, to complete a circulation.Due to using ethyl alcohol as organic working medium, so that ORC system acting ability of the present invention is stronger under same loop working medium quality, it has higher efficiency, the pressurized air system of engine meets more air required for engine combustion, improves the business efficiency of ORC system.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to diesel engine exhaust recycling and reusing systems, in particular to are applied to engine exhaust heat and recycle
High parameter ORC turbine power generation equipment and ORC device.
Background technique
Increasingly serious with energy shortage situation, energy-saving and emission-reduction have become the theme of era development.For vehicle engine
Machine, the energy of effective use only account for the one third or so of total amount of heat, and most of mainly with the shape of exhaust emissions and heat dissipation
Formula is lost.Research how efficiently using each scheme such as engine waste heat inside, ORC recycle (Organic Rankine Cycle) with its compared with
High recycles efficiency and the favor by researcher.
Zhejiang Yinlun Machinery Co., Ltd. discloses a kind of based on ORC system in application No. is 201410163424.X
The diesel-driven generator exhaust system of system, including ORC coolant circulating system, cylinder sleeve of engine water circulation system, engines tail
Gas system, pressurized air system and external cooling water system.The most significant feature of the patent is normally transported in entire power generator
After row, because the water tank and intercooler of engine are not necessarily to work, the defeated to the power of fan of diesel-driven generator can be directly cut off
Out, to realize that the net electric generation externally exported is substantially improved.Another distinguishing feature of this patent is to utilize cylinder sleeve of engine
Water is the heat that carrier fully absorbs engine air casing wall and motor exhaust, and ORC refrigerant and high-temp waste gas directly heat is avoided to hand over
Tape swapping carrys out the problem of refrigerant localized hyperthermia failure.By effectively controlling this system all parts, recycled by engine waste heat
It recycles, improves the generated energy of engine unit fuel consumption, shorten the investment cycle of generator.
Common Rankine cycle is widely used in steam turbine power generation, and the working medium used is generally vapor.Organic Rankine
Circulation is then different, it selects organic matter as cycle fluid, such as working characteristics such as pressure, the temperature of engine waste heat
R123, R245fa, R134a etc..Yin Lundeng company in relation to vehicle/ship interior transport facility engine tail gas waste-heat
It utilizes, the scheme of use is that engine high-temperature flue gas (temperature 350C or so) is absorbed heat using water, generates the hot water of low parameter (such as
Temperature 100C or so), the ORC of reusable heat water-driven low boiling point working medium (such as R134a, R245fa, alkane refrigerant) is such
Low parameter ORC cycle efficieny is lower, and only 5% or so.
Low parameter ORC, heat exchange have hot water pump circulation because of more intermediate loop, by multiple heat exchangers, increase system function
Rate consumption, externally net output work is reduced；System becomes complicated, and number of devices increases, and cost and weight increase, and reliability reduces；
Low parameter heat exchange, logarithmic mean temperature difference (LMTD) is small, and the heat exchange area needed in the case of identical heat exchange amount is big, and heat exchanger volume and weight increase
Add.
Mono- core difficult point of high parameter ORC is to realize that the turbine of heat to power output is big because of pressure ratio, flow is small, is manufactured and designed tired
It is difficult.Firstly, pressure ratio is big, flow is small；Secondly, system needs closed, no refrigerant leakage, high-revolving turbine axle envelope is difficult；In addition,
High revolving speed brings rotor dynamics difficult design, and radial/axial bearing type selecting is difficult.
Existing axial-flow type organic working medium power generation expanding machine, internal structure is more complex, and efficiency is lower, cannot completely cut off completely
The leakage of organic working medium, and existing axial-flow type organic working medium power generation expanding machine is mostly that radially loading is matched, but radially loading matches middle appearance
Easily cause refrigerant leakage because split deforms, and it is radial can not can only be using sealing ring when being assemblied in upper-lower casing assembly
It applies sealant on split to be sealed organic working medium, this not only increases the dismounting difficulty of unit, and leakproofness is not very
It is good.
Chongqing Jiangzeng Shipbuilding Industry Co., Ltd. application No. is 201810033962.5 disclose it is a kind of convenient for disassembly and assembly and
Seal better axial-flow type organic working medium turbo-expander.It includes gas inlet shell, exit casing and rotor, and the exit casing is fixed to be connected
It connects on gas inlet shell, nozzle ring seat is equipped on the inside of the gas inlet shell, a side wall of nozzle ring seat and the side wall of gas inlet shell enclose
At air inlet runner, another side wall of nozzle ring seat extends on the inside of exit casing and encloses exhaust stream with the side wall of exit casing
Road, nozzle ring seat are equipped with multistage nozzles ring, and the input terminal of multistage nozzles ring is connected to air inlet runner, the output of multistage nozzles ring
End is connected to grate flow channel, and sealing gland between grade, the nozzle ring seat, multistage nozzles ring are equipped between the multistage nozzles ring and rotor
Sealing gland is upper and lower subdivision structure between grade, and one end of the rotor is mounted on gas inlet shell by first bearing, the rotor
The other end be mounted on exit casing by second bearing.Axial-flow type organic working medium turbo-expander of the present invention is on the inside of gas inlet shell
Equipped with nozzle ring seat, a side wall of nozzle ring seat and the side wall of gas inlet shell enclose air inlet runner, nozzle ring seat another
Side wall extends on the inside of exit casing and encloses grate flow channel with the side wall of exit casing, and nozzle ring seat is equipped with multistage nozzles ring,
The input terminal of multistage nozzles ring is connected to air inlet runner, and the output end of multistage nozzles ring is connected to grate flow channel, multistage nozzles ring
Equipped with sealing gland between grade between rotor, sealing gland is upper and lower subdivision structure between nozzle ring seat, multistage nozzles ring and grade, thus shape
At it is a kind of using sealing gland between nozzle ring seat, multistage nozzles ring and grade as inner casing, using gas inlet shell and exit casing as the inside and outside shell of shell
Form, inner casing are upper and lower subdivision structure, alleviate installation difficulty, and shell does not have subdivision, simplifies the complexity of set structure,
The air-tightness of unit is improved simultaneously.
Above-mentioned axial-flow type organic working medium turbo-expander is big applied in low temperature low parameter ORC, similarly there are pressure ratio,
Flow is small.Cause turbine speed high, up to 80krpm-110krpm, also to be obtained under these small equal unfavorable conditions of size higher
The difficulty of flat efficiency is big.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is to provide one kind to be based on organic Rankine cycle engine device for recycling exhaust gas, it is intended to solve
Certainly suitable working medium problem is selected in existing public technology at present.
A kind of ORC device being used for diesel engine exhaust power generation using ethanol solution working medium, comprising: ORC ethyl alcohol circulation
System, motor exhaust system, electricity generation system, pressurized air system and external cooling water system, ORC system circulation use ethyl alcohol
Working medium, in which:
Ethanol solution working medium is pressurized to required evaporating pressure by working medium pump (5), after inhaled by air inter cooler (6)
The heat for receiving up to 120 DEG C -200 DEG C of pressure-air in cooler is preheated, and ethyl alcohol working medium a part enters tail gas later
Circulatory system heat exchanger (8), a part enter tail pipe heat exchanger (7), and working medium ethyl alcohol diesel oil in absorption heat-exchange device (7), (8) is sent out
After the heat of motivation tail gas, become high temperature and high pressure steam；High temperature and high pressure steam passes through a gas filtration after converging before this
Device (13) flows into expanding machine (1) then to push expanding machine (1) to do work；What is come out from expanding machine (1) is low-pressure gaseous ethyl alcohol work
Matter, subsequently into condenser (3), the heat release in condenser (3) is condensed into liquid from gaseous state；Liquid ethanol working medium returns storage
Flow container, to realize entire ORC system circulation.
Ethanol solution working medium is the mixture of second alcohol and water, also, concentration of alcohol control contains in 93%-96% range
It is thin that the alcohol vapor of 4%-7% oxidant water in impeller surface forms the oxide layer that one layer is played passivation protection to surfacing
Film, and the alcohol vapor water content of 4%-7% is small to the water erosion harm for entering high speed expanding machine impeller.
The working principle of present system is: circulating refrigerant first is cold into pressurized air centre after working medium pump is pressurized
But device absorbs pressurized air partial heat and reaches preheating purpose, steams using the heat that evaporator fully absorbs motor exhaust
Hair, the high temperature and pressure ethyl alcohol Working medium gas after evaporating first pass through pneumatic filter and externally do work subsequently into turbo-expander hair
Electricity, the low pressure steam exhaust come out from expanding machine become liquid ethanol by the further heat release of condenser, have then been pressurized by working medium pump
At the working cycles of a refrigerant.
In the motor exhaust system, the high temperature and pressure tail gas a part being discharged from engine (9) passes through tail gas
Circulatory system heat exchanger (8) then mixes with pressurized air (10) and carries out secondary full combustion utilization, sharp to improve fuel with this
Use efficiency；A part after tail pipe heat exchanger (7) transfers heat to cycle fluid, is directly discharged into ring after purified treatment
Border；
In the external cooling water system, external cooling water passes through condenser (3), absorbs the heat of gaseous state ethyl alcohol working medium
Amount, becomes the liquid ethanol of low-temp low-pressure, cooling water own temperature increases and flows out condenser；
In the pressurized air system, surrounding air becomes high temperature and pressure after the turbocharger of engine
Air；High temperature pressurised air enters intermediate air heat exchanger (6), transfers heat to ethyl alcohol working medium and reaches preheating purpose, air
Own temperature reduces, subsequently into engine；
In the electricity generation system, by the way that the shaft of generator (2) and expanding machine (1) main shaft to be linked, thus will
The acting of expanding machine (1) is converted into electric energy and is stored or utilized.
The present invention is based on the cycle operation characteristics and comparative analysis to the organic working mediums such as ethyl alcohol, R123, R245fa, propose one
Kind is used for the ORC device of diesel engine exhaust power generation using ethanol solution working medium.The device is exactly to utilize engine high-temperature tail
Gas transfers heat to the ethanol solution working medium of low temperature liquid, and ethanol solution working medium, which absorbs heat, becomes overheat high temperature and pressure steaming
Vapour, driving expanding machine acting.From expanding machine come out after ethyl alcohol become low pressure gas, low pressure gas is released using condenser
Heat becomes liquid, and is pressurized to evaporating pressure by water pump and is re-delivered in evaporator, to complete a circulation.
Compared with prior art, the features of the present invention is as follows:
1, ORC coolant circulating system uses ethyl alcohol as organic working medium, since ethanol solution is compared with R123, R245fa, R134a
Etc. organic working mediums there is higher specific heat so that under same loop working medium quality, ORC system acting ability of the present invention is stronger,
It has higher efficiency；
2, the pressurized air system of engine, fresh air become high temperature and high pressure gas after turbocharger,
By intercooler to which partial heat is passed to refrigerant, on the one hand meet more empty required for engine combustion
On the one hand gas improves the business efficiency of ORC system.
It 3,, will be from engine full combustion by valve transfer before the starting of ORC power generator or during breakdown maintenance
The tail gas emitted passes through after certain purified treatment, is not passed through tail pipe heat exchanger (7) and is directly discharged into environment, so as to
To avoid the dry combustion method of heat exchanger.
Detailed description of the invention
With reference to the accompanying drawings and detailed description, the invention will be further described.
Fig. 1 is structural block diagram of the invention.
Specific embodiment
It is mentioned above, it is directly heated using tail gas high-temperature residual heat, selecting suitable working medium is one of high parameter ORC difficult point,
The refrigerant that existing patent is mentioned such as R245fa, R134a are lower using temperature, are no more than 150C, otherwise can occur under high-temperature condition
It decomposes, the hydrogen fluoride HF of decomposition has very strong corrosivity, and highly volatile is toxic to human and environment.This kind of working medium has greenhouse effect
Reply ozone has destruction, and refrigerant is costly.In the selection of ORC cycle fluid, the applicant pushes away by multiple
It leads and tests, it is contemplated that alcohols.Because methanol has severe toxicity, human body sucking/intake can cause blindness even dead on a small quantity, and methanol is for making
Formaldehyde and pesticide are made, so being not allow to apply on automobile；And ethyl alcohol is nontoxic, and ORC cycle performance angle, ethyl alcohol and first
The advantages that alcohol is suitable, and comprehensive ethyl alcohol easily obtains, is cheap, transport preservation facilitates, use ethanol solution as cycle fluid be more
Good selection.
The applicant uses ethyl alcohol and aqueous mixtures (for example, concentration of alcohol 95%), by calculating and testing, containing a small amount of
The ethyl alcohol working medium of water can fully absorb heat from engine high-temperature flue gas, and ethyl alcohol itself can't decompose because of high temperature,
Obtained high parameter alcohol vapour (high pressure 3.5MPa, 265C) has higher acting ability, and ethyl alcohol working medium property is stablized, valence
Lattice are cheap, are easy to obtain；In addition straight alcohol is greatly alleviated to the corrosion impact of metal material, extends service life of equipment.Second
Alcoholic solution working medium is the binary azeotrope of second alcohol and water, and the mixture is with having lower boiling point than single working medium, more
It is easy to be heated by middle low temperature grade heat source and generates phase transformation, also, concentration of alcohol control is in 93%-96% range, oxygen containing 4%-7%
The alcohol vapor of agent water forms one layer of oxidation layer film that passivation protection is played to surfacing, and 4%- in impeller surface
7% alcohol vapor water content is relatively small to the water erosion harm for entering high speed expanding machine impeller.
Referring to attached drawing 1, the novel a kind of reality based on ORC system diesel engine exhaust power generator of one kind of the invention
Apply example.Device includes the ORC ethyl alcohol circulatory system, motor exhaust system, electricity generation system, pressurized air system and external cooling water
Five subsystems such as system.5 subsystem specific workflows and energy transfer process are introduced separately below:
ORC coolant circulating system
For improve system shaft power and system effectiveness, using the mixture of second alcohol and water as refrigerant medium.Fluid reservoir
(4) the ethanol solution working medium in is pressurized to required evaporating pressure by pump (5), then absorbs by air inter cooler (6)
The heat that 120 DEG C -200 DEG C of pressure-air is up in cooler is preheated, and ethyl alcohol working medium a part is followed into tail gas later
Loop system heat exchanger (8), a part enter tail pipe heat exchanger (7), working medium ethyl alcohol diesel engine in absorption heat-exchange device (7), (8)
After the heat of tail gas, become high temperature and high pressure steam；High temperature and high pressure steam passes through a pneumatic filter after converging before this
(13), supersonic axial formula expanding machine (1) then is flowed into, pushes expanding machine (1) acting；What is come out from expanding machine (1) is low pressure
Gaseous state ethyl alcohol working medium, subsequently into condenser (3), the heat release in condenser (3) is condensed into liquid from gaseous state；Liquid ethanol work
Matter returns fluid reservoir, to realize entire ORC system circulation.
Motor exhaust system
Tail gas (12) temperature being discharged from engine (9) is more than 350 DEG C, and a part passes through exhaust gas circulation system heat exchanger
(8), it then mixes with pressurized air (10) and carries out secondary full combustion utilization, fuel utilization efficiency is improved with this；A part
By certain purified treatment after tail pipe heat exchanger (7) outflow, it is directly discharged into environment；ORC power generator starting before or
During being breakdown maintenance, by valve transfer, the tail gas emitted from engine full combustion is passed through into certain purification place
After reason, it is not passed through tail pipe heat exchanger (7) and is directly discharged into environment, so as to avoid the dry combustion method of heat exchanger.
Electricity generation system
By the way that the shaft of generator (2) and expanding machine (1) main shaft to be linked, so that the acting of expanding machine (1) be converted
It is stored or is utilized for electric energy.
Pressurized air system
Surrounding air becomes the pressure-air that temperature is up to 120 DEG C -200 DEG C after the turbocharger of engine；Increase
Pressure air enters air heat exchanger (6), transfers heat to ethyl alcohol working medium, own temperature reduces, subsequently into engine；
External cooling water system
External cooling water passes through condenser (3), absorbs the heat of gaseous state ethyl alcohol working medium, becomes the liquid of low-temp low-pressure
Ethanol solution.
High temperature ORC circulation uses ethyl alcohol and aqueous mixtures, and concentration of alcohol is controlled in 93%-96% range.Up to 80krpm
The impeller of revolving speed is manufactured to meet rotor dynamics design using light-weighted titanium alloy.And pure alcohol vapor is in 200C
Under the above high temperature, stress corrosion can be generated to titanium alloy material impeller, influence the operation of impeller long-term safety.Agent containing small amounts
The alcohol vapor of (water), because the effect of oxidant water can form layer of oxide layer film on titanium surface, to main body titanium alloy
Play the role of passivation protection, but excessive water, ORC circulation thermal performance can be significantly reduced, and in the higher work of heat exchanger
Under pressure (35barg) even if being heated by high-temperature flue gas, water may incomplete evaporation at dry gas state, these droplet forms
Moisture content, which enters high speed expanding machine, can cause impeller water erosion to damage.By calculating, the water content of 4%-7% can be to titanium alloy impeller
And play the role of good passivation protection, it is minimum to the water erosion harm of impeller, while the performance of ORC is declined small.
Original routine ORC Utilization plan is to go to absorb engine tail gas heat quantity using jacket water, and the raising of cylinder sleeve coolant-temperature gage has
Limit, generally 98 DEG C~110 DEG C.ORC low boiling point working medium is driven again as heat source using jacket water, as R134a, R245fa freeze
Agent, since heat source temperature is low, refrigerant pressure, the temperature parameter of heating are lower, and typical temperature only has 70 DEG C~90 DEG C, so following
Ring relatively inefficient only 5% or so；And ORC circulatory mediator is directly heated (for example, dense using ethyl alcohol using motor exhaust
The ethanol solution working medium that degree is 95%), the temperature of alcohol vapour can reach about 260 DEG C, and high steam initial conditions bring circulation to imitate
Rate is substantially improved, and for efficiency up to 12%, system has higher acting ability.
It is understood that above-described embodiment is explanation of the invention, it is any without departing from true spirit and
Innovation and creation in spirit, fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. a kind of high parameter ORC turbine power generation equipment and ORC device applied to engine exhaust heat recycling, comprising: ORC ethyl alcohol follows
Loop system, motor exhaust system, electricity generation system, pressurized air system and external cooling water system, it is characterised in that: ORC system
System circulation uses ethanol solution working medium, in which:
Ethanol solution working medium is pressurized to required evaporating pressure by working medium pump (5), after absorbed by air inter cooler (6) it is cold
But the heat that 120 DEG C -200 DEG C of pressure-air is up in device is preheated, and ethyl alcohol working medium a part enters circulation of tail gas later
System heat exchanger (8), a part enter tail pipe heat exchanger (7), working medium ethyl alcohol diesel engine in absorption heat-exchange device (7), (8)
After the heat of tail gas, become high temperature and high pressure steam；High temperature and high pressure steam passes through a pneumatic filter after converging before this
(13), expanding machine (1) is flowed into then to push expanding machine (1) to do work；What is come out from expanding machine (1) is low-pressure gaseous ethyl alcohol work
Matter, subsequently into condenser (3), the heat release in condenser (3) is condensed into liquid from gaseous state；Liquid ethanol solution working medium is returned again
To fluid reservoir, to realize entire ORC system circulation.
2. the high parameter ORC turbine power generation equipment and ORC device applied to engine exhaust heat recycling as described in claim 1,
It is characterized by: ethanol solution working medium is the mixture of second alcohol and water, also, concentration of alcohol control contains in 93%-96% range
It is thin that the alcohol vapor of 4%-7% oxidant water in impeller surface forms the oxide layer that one layer is played passivation protection to surfacing
Film, and the alcohol vapor water content of 4%-7% is small to the water erosion harm for entering high speed expanding machine impeller.
3. as claimed in claim 1 or 2 applied to the high parameter ORC turbine power generation equipment of engine exhaust heat recycling and ORC dress
It sets, it is characterised in that: further include: in the motor exhaust system, from the high temperature and pressure tail gas one of engine (9) discharge
Exhaust gas circulation system heat exchanger (8) are passed through in part, then mix with pressurized air (10) and carry out secondary full combustion utilization；One
Divide and flowed out after purified treatment by tail pipe heat exchanger (7), is directly discharged into environment.
4. as claimed in claim 1 or 2 applied to the high parameter ORC turbine power generation equipment of engine exhaust heat recycling and ORC dress
It sets, it is characterised in that: in the external cooling water system, external cooling water passes through condenser (3), absorbs gaseous state ethyl alcohol work
The heat of matter becomes the liquid ethanol solution of low-temp low-pressure.
5. as claimed in claim 1 or 2 applied to the high parameter ORC turbine power generation equipment of engine exhaust heat recycling and ORC dress
It sets, it is characterised in that: in the pressurized air system, surrounding air becomes high after the turbocharger of engine
Warm pressure-air；Pressurized air enters intermediate air heat exchanger (6), and it is pre- to its to transfer heat to the realization of ethanol solution working medium
Heat, air own temperature reduces, subsequently into engine；
In the electricity generation system, by the way that the shaft of generator (2) and expanding machine (1) main shaft to be linked, thus will expansion
The acting of machine (1) is converted into electric energy and is stored or utilized.
6. as claimed in claim 1 or 2 applied to the high parameter ORC turbine power generation equipment of engine exhaust heat recycling and ORC dress
It sets, it is characterised in that: the expanding machine in ORC circulation uses supersonic axial formula turbo-expander.
7. as claimed in claim 1 or 2 applied to the high parameter ORC turbine power generation equipment of engine exhaust heat recycling and ORC dress
It sets, it is characterised in that:, will be abundant from engine by valve transfer before the starting of ORC power generator or during breakdown maintenance
The tail gas that burning and exhausting comes out is by being not passed through tail pipe heat exchanger (7) and being directly discharged into environment after certain purified treatment.
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| CN114352369A (en) * | 2021-11-30 | 2022-04-15 | 上海慕帆动力科技有限公司 | Gas turbine-steam turbine combined power generation system for producing hydrogen by decomposing ammonia and control method |
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