CN110172617A - Add the aluminum matrix composite and preparation method thereof of tungsten disulfide self-lubricating nano particle - Google Patents
Add the aluminum matrix composite and preparation method thereof of tungsten disulfide self-lubricating nano particle Download PDFInfo
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- CN110172617A CN110172617A CN201910463312.9A CN201910463312A CN110172617A CN 110172617 A CN110172617 A CN 110172617A CN 201910463312 A CN201910463312 A CN 201910463312A CN 110172617 A CN110172617 A CN 110172617A
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- B22F1/00—Metallic powder; Treatment of metallic powder, e.g. to facilitate working or to improve properties
- B22F1/05—Metallic powder characterised by the size or surface area of the particles
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- B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
- B22F3/12—Both compacting and sintering
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- B22F9/00—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof
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- B22F9/04—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from solid material, e.g. by crushing, grinding or milling
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- C22C1/10—Alloys containing non-metals
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- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
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- B22F9/00—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof
- B22F9/02—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes
- B22F9/04—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from solid material, e.g. by crushing, grinding or milling
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Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of aluminum matrix composites and preparation method thereof for adding tungsten disulfide self-lubricating nano particle, should be the preparation method comprises the following steps: the mixing of tungsten disulphide powder, copper powder and aluminium powder, cooling are obtained composite granule；Composite granule is sintered, compound billet is obtained；After aluminum alloy melting to be cast, compound billet is added in aluminium alloy melt, stirs, obtains mixture；It is lasting to stir after mixture is cooled to semisolid, obtain refined metals solution；Mold is preheated, the refined metals solution-cast after will heat up is at Wolfram disulfide nano particle enhanced aluminum-based composite material slab；The composite material slab is heat-treated；Tungsten disulfide self-lubricating nano particle and copper powder is added in the present invention in existing cast aluminium alloy gold, and the addition of copper can make to generate high temperature resistant precipitated phase in the matrix of composite material；Tungsten disulfide self-lubricating nano particle is added, can significantly reduce the coefficient of friction of aluminum alloy materials, to improve the high temperature abrasion resistance of composite material.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to Al alloy composite technical fields, and in particular to a kind of addition tungsten disulfide self-lubricating nano
The aluminum matrix composite and preparation method thereof of grain.
Background technique
Aluminum alloy materials are widely applied in the industry due to its lightweight and corrosion-resistant equal excellent properties.However, aluminium
The low wearability of alloy material limits it in the application prospect in automobile and space flight important component field.In fact, the intrinsic spy of aluminium
Property determines the low wearability of aluminium alloy.The elasticity modulus of aluminium is low, is a kind of soft metal with great friction coefficient.Therefore,
Must ingredient to aluminum substrate and reinforced phase improved, produce a kind of aluminum matrix composite with high temperature abrasion resistance, make
Its hardness and wearability still with higher at high temperature.
Summary of the invention
Aiming at the shortcomings in the prior art, primary and foremost purpose of the invention is to provide a kind of addition tungsten disulfide self-lubricating nano
The aluminum matrix composite of particle.
A second object of the present invention is to provide the preparation methods of above-mentioned composite material.
In order to achieve the above objectives, solution of the invention is:
A kind of addition tungsten disulfide (WS2) self-lubricating nano particle aluminum matrix composite comprising following component:
Preferably, tungsten disulfide (WS2) powder partial size be 10-100nm.
Preferably, the partial size of copper powder is 10-100 μm.
Preferably, solid solvent is aluminium powder, and the partial size of solid solvent is 10-100 μm.
A kind of above-mentioned addition tungsten disulfide (WS2) self-lubricating nano particle aluminum matrix composite preparation method,
Include the following steps:
(1) by tungsten disulfide (WS2) powder, copper powder and solid solvent mix in high energy ball mill, cooling, it obtains compound
Powder；
(2) composite granule is sintered in vacuum hotpressing stove, obtains compound billet；
(3) after melting cast aluminium alloy gold, compound billet is added at 700-800 DEG C, stirs 10-30min, is mixed
Object；
(4) mixture is cooled to 550-620 DEG C of progress Semi-solid Stirring, stable stirring 20-25min, is contained later
Tungsten disulfide (WS2) nano particle refined metals solution；
(5) mold is preheated to 250 ± 10 DEG C, tungsten disulfide (WS will be contained2) the refined metals solution of nano particle exists
Tungsten disulfide (WS is cast at 700-750 DEG C2) nanoparticle reinforced aluminum-based composite slab；
(6) by tungsten disulfide (WS2) nanoparticle reinforced aluminum-based composite slab is heat-treated, obtain two sulphur of addition
Change tungsten (WS2) self-lubricating nano particle aluminum matrix composite.
Preferably, in step (1), tungsten disulfide (WS2) partial size of powder is 10-100nm, the partial size of copper powder is 10-100
μm, the partial size of solid solvent is 10-100 μm.
Preferably, in step (1), the quality of solid solvent accounts for 30% or more of composite granule quality.
Preferably, in step (1), the ratio of grinding media to material of high energy ball mill is 10:1-30:1, revolving speed 300-800rpm, ball milling
Time is 240-600min, and milling atmosphere is that vacuum or argon gas are protected.
Preferably, in step (2), the temperature of sintering is 500-800 DEG C, and the time of sintering is 2-8h；Vacuum hotpressing stove
Vacuum degree is 10-1-10-4Pa, hot pressing pressure 150-400MPa.
Preferably, in step (3), the quality of compound billet is the 5-20% of the aluminum matrix composite gross mass.
Preferably, in step (3), the speed of stirring is 300-1000rpm.
Preferably, in step (4), the speed for stablizing stirring is 500-1000rpm.
Preferably, in step (6), process of thermal treatment parameter are as follows: 520 ± 10 DEG C of solid solution, 60-100 DEG C of water quenching, timeliness
It is 180 ± 10 DEG C, air-cooled.
By adopting the above scheme, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:
The first, WS is added in the present invention in cast aluminium alloy gold2Nanometer powder and copper powder improve the high temperature hardness of material
And high temperature abrasion resistance, wherein the addition and follow-up heat treatment process of copper can be formed in the matrix of composite material
High temperature resistant precipitated phase, improves the high temperature hardness of basis material, to improve the high temperature abrasion resistance of composite material；In addition, as one
Kind solid self lubricant material, adds WS2Self-lubricating nano particle can significantly reduce the coefficient of friction of aluminum alloy materials, to improve
The high temperature abrasion resistance of composite material.
The second, the present invention solves WS in casting process using the method for prefabricated compound billet2Nano particle and aluminum substrate
Between wetability and nano grain surface can high problem easy to reunite, improve WS2Point of nano particle in the composite
Property is dissipated, to promote the overall performance of material.
Third, the present invention can be subtracted using casting is stirred under vacuum under the premise of Composite Melt is sufficiently stirred
The pore quantity of few material internal, to improve the overall performance of material.
4th, the present invention uses semi-solid state stirring, so that composite material is sufficiently stirred under the conditions of semisolid, it is tiny
Solid granulates constantly strike WS that may be present in whipping process2Fluidized agglomerate of nano-size particles further promotes WS2Nano particle
Dispersibility, to improve the overall performance of composite material.
In short, WS is added in existing cast aluminium alloy gold in the present invention2Self-lubricating nano particle and copper powder, copper add
Enter generation high temperature resistant precipitated phase in the matrix that can make composite material；Add WS2Self-lubricating nano particle can significantly reduce aluminium conjunction
The coefficient of friction of golden material, to improve the high temperature abrasion resistance of composite material.Using prefabricated compound billet, cast in conjunction with being stirred under vacuum
It makes and semi-solid state stirring, solves WS2Lubricity and nano grain surface energy Gao Yi between nano particle and aluminum substrate
The problem of reunion, improves WS2The dispersibility of nano particle, to improve the overall performance of composite material.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is that the preparation process flow of the aluminum matrix composite of addition tungsten disulfide self-lubricating nano particle of the invention is shown
It is intended to.
Specific embodiment
The present invention provides a kind of aluminum matrix composites and preparation method thereof for adding tungsten disulfide self-lubricating nano particle.
<aluminum matrix composite of addition tungsten disulfide self-lubricating nano particle>
The aluminum matrix composite of addition tungsten disulfide self-lubricating nano particle of the invention includes following component:
In fact, cast aluminium alloy gold is as matrix phase, tungsten disulphide powder and copper powder as reinforcing agent (i.e. reinforced phase).
Wherein, tungsten disulfide (WS2) partial size of powder is 10-100nm, the partial size of copper powder is 10-100 μm, solid solvent
For aluminium powder, partial size is 10-100 μm.
<preparation method of the aluminum matrix composite of addition tungsten disulfide self-lubricating nano particle>
As shown in Figure 1, the preparation method of the aluminum matrix composite of addition tungsten disulfide self-lubricating nano particle of the invention
Include the following steps:
(1) by tungsten disulfide (WS2) powder, copper powder and solid solvent be put into high energy ball mill and uniformly mix, cool down, obtain
To composite granule；
(2) composite granule is put into vacuum hotpressing stove and is sintered densification, obtain compound billet；
(3) in vacuum melting furnace, melting matrix cast aluminium alloy gold adds at 700-800 DEG C after matrix alloy thawing
Enter compound billet, and stablize stirring 10-30min, obtains mixture；
(4) furnace temperature is reduced to 550-620 DEG C of progress Semi-solid Stirring, is stablized stirring 20-25min, is obtained containing tungsten disulfide
(WS2) nano particle refined metals solution；
(5) mold is preheated to 250 ± 10 DEG C, tungsten disulfide (WS will be contained2) the refined metals solution of nano particle exists
Tungsten disulfide (WS is cast at 700-750 DEG C2) nanoparticle reinforced aluminum-based composite slab；
(6) by tungsten disulfide (WS2) the progress T6 heat treatment of nanoparticle reinforced aluminum-based composite slab, obtain addition two
Tungsten sulfide (WS2) self-lubricating nano particle aluminum matrix composite.
Wherein, in step (1), tungsten disulfide (WS2) partial size of powder can be 10-100nm, preferably 40nm；Copper
The partial size of powder (pure copper powder) can be 10-100 μm, preferably 20 μm；The partial size of aluminium powder (pure aluminium powder) can be 10-100 μm, excellent
It is selected as 20 μm.
In step (1), the quality of solid solvent (aluminium powder) accounts for 30% or more of composite granule quality, it is therefore an objective to prefabricated
It is added in body, in order to enable compound billet can be melted and be merged preferably in aluminum melt, that is, plays the role of solvent；Curing
Tungsten (WS2) quality of powder can be the 5-40% of composite granule quality, the quality of copper powder can be the 5- of composite granule quality
30%.
In step (1), the ratio of grinding media to material of high energy ball mill can be 10:1-30:1, preferably 15:1；Revolving speed can be
300-800rpm, preferably 500rpm；Ball-milling Time can be 240-600min, preferably 240min；Milling atmosphere is vacuum
Or argon gas protection.
In step (2), the temperature of sintering can be 500-800 DEG C, preferably 550 DEG C；The time of sintering can be 2-
8h, preferably 3h；The vacuum degree of vacuum hotpressing stove can be 10-1-10-4Pa, preferably 10-2Pa；Hot pressing pressure can be 150-
400MPa, preferably 200MPa.
In step (3), the quality of compound billet is the 5-20% of the aluminum matrix composite gross mass.
In step (3), the speed for stablizing stirring can be 300-1000rpm, preferably 500rpm.
In step (4), the technological parameter of Semi-solid Stirring are as follows: reducing furnace temperature, to make molten aluminum enter half to 550-620 DEG C solid
State stirring, revolving speed 500-1000rpm；Melt viscosity obviously increases, and is stablized with 500-1000rpm stir later, when stirring
Between be 20-30min.
In step (6), T6 process of thermal treatment parameter are as follows: 520 ± 10 DEG C of solid solution, 60-100 DEG C of water quenching, timeliness 180 ±
It is 10 DEG C, air-cooled.
The present invention is further illustrated with reference to embodiments.
Embodiment 1:
The preparation method of the aluminum matrix composite of the addition tungsten disulfide self-lubricating nano particle of the present embodiment includes as follows
Step:
(1) by tungsten disulfide (WS2) powder (and partial size 40nm, account for composite granule quality be 20%), pure copper powder (partial size
It is 20 μm, the quality for accounting for composite granule is 30%) to be put into high energy ball mill and uniformly mix with pure aluminium powder (partial size is 20 μm), is taken out
Vacuum protection, ratio of grinding media to material 15:1, revolving speed 500rpm are cooled to room temperature after ball milling 4h, obtain composite granule；
(2) densification, vacuum degree 10 will be sintered in vacuum hotpressing stove that composite granule is put into copper mold- 2Pa, temperature are 550 DEG C, and vacuum heating-press sintering 3h under the conditions of 200MPa obtains compound billet；
(3) in vacuum melting furnace, melting matrix A356 cast aluminium alloy gold at 700 DEG C, after matrix alloy thawing,
Compound billet is added at 720 DEG C, and stablizes stirring 20min under 500rpm revolving speed, obtains mixture；
(4) furnace temperature is reduced to 600 DEG C of progress Semi-solid Stirrings, is stablized stirring 20min under 500rpm revolving speed, is obtained containing two
Tungsten sulfide (WS2) nano particle refined metals solution；
(5) mold is preheated to 250 DEG C, tungsten disulfide (WS will be contained2) nano particle refined metals solution at 700 DEG C
It is cast into tungsten disulfide (WS2) nanoparticle reinforced aluminum-based composite slab；
(6) by tungsten disulfide (WS2) the progress T6 heat treatment of nanoparticle reinforced aluminum-based composite slab, obtain addition two
Tungsten sulfide (WS2) self-lubricating nano particle aluminum matrix composite.
Wherein, in step (3), the quality of compound billet is the 15% of the aluminum matrix composite gross mass.
Matrix alloy is A356 cast aluminium alloy gold；And contain 3.0wt%WS2Nano particle and 4.5wt% copper conduct
Reinforced phase.Further, the composite material is under the conditions of room temperature, 5MPa, and with GCr15 steel opposite grinding 20min, coefficient of friction section is
0.53-0.58, average friction coefficient 0.55 reduce about 37% compared with A356 aluminium alloy.The composite material at 300 DEG C,
Under the conditions of 5MPa, and GCr15 steel opposite grinding 20min, coefficient of friction 0.25-0.31, average friction coefficient 0.28, compared to
A356 aluminium alloy reduces about 22%.
Embodiment 2:
The preparation method of the aluminum matrix composite of the addition tungsten disulfide self-lubricating nano particle of the present embodiment includes as follows
Step:
(1) by tungsten disulfide (WS2) powder (and partial size 40nm, account for composite granule quality be 30%), pure copper powder (partial size
It is 20 μm, the quality for accounting for composite granule is 10%) to be put into high energy ball mill and uniformly mix with pure aluminium powder (partial size is 20 μm), is taken out
Vacuum protection, ratio of grinding media to material 15:1, revolving speed 600rpm are cooled to room temperature after ball milling 6h, obtain composite granule；
(2) densification, vacuum degree 10 will be sintered in vacuum hotpressing stove that composite granule is put into copper mold- 2Pa, temperature are 600 DEG C, and vacuum heating-press sintering 3h under the conditions of 150MPa obtains compound billet；
(3) in vacuum melting furnace, melting matrix ZL102 cast aluminium alloy gold at 700 DEG C, after matrix alloy thawing,
Compound billet is added at 720 DEG C, and stablizes stirring 20min under 600rpm revolving speed, obtains mixture；
(4) furnace temperature is reduced to 590 DEG C of progress Semi-solid Stirrings, is stablized stirring 20min under 600rpm revolving speed, is obtained containing two
Tungsten sulfide (WS2) nano particle refined metals solution；
(5) mold is preheated to 250 DEG C, tungsten disulfide (WS will be contained2) nano particle refined metals solution at 710 DEG C
It is cast into tungsten disulfide (WS2) nanoparticle reinforced aluminum-based composite slab；
(6) by tungsten disulfide (WS2) the progress T6 heat treatment of nanoparticle reinforced aluminum-based composite slab, obtain addition two
Tungsten sulfide (WS2) self-lubricating nano particle aluminum matrix composite.
Wherein, in step (3), the quality of compound billet is the 15% of the aluminum matrix composite gross mass.
Its matrix alloy is ZL102 cast aluminium alloy gold；And contain 4.5wt%WS2Nano particle and 1.5wt% copper are made
For reinforced phase.Further, the composite material is under the conditions of room temperature, 5MPa, with GCr15 steel opposite grinding 20min, coefficient of friction section
For 0.47-0.52, average friction coefficient 0.50 reduces about 42% compared with ZL102 aluminium alloy.The composite material is 300
DEG C, under the conditions of 5MPa, with GCr15 steel opposite grinding 20min, coefficient of friction 0.28-0.33, average friction coefficient 0.30, phase
Compared with ZL102 aluminium alloy, about 16% is reduced.
The above-mentioned description to embodiment is that this hair can be understood and used for the ease of those skilled in the art
It is bright.Those skilled in the art obviously readily can make various modifications to these embodiments, and described herein one
As principle be applied in other embodiments, without having to go through creative labor.Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments.
Those skilled in the art's principle according to the present invention, not departing from improvement that scope of the invention is made and modification all should be at this
Within the protection scope of invention.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of aluminum matrix composite for adding tungsten disulfide self-lubricating nano particle, it is characterised in that: it includes following component:
2. the aluminum matrix composite of addition tungsten disulfide self-lubricating nano particle according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:
The partial size of the tungsten disulphide powder is 10-100nm；And/or
The partial size of the copper powder is 10-100 μm；And/or
The solid solvent is aluminium powder, and partial size is 10-100 μm.
3. a kind of preparation side of the aluminum matrix composite of addition tungsten disulfide self-lubricating nano particle according to claim 1
Method, it is characterised in that: it includes the following steps:
(1) tungsten disulphide powder, copper powder and solid solvent are mixed in high energy ball mill, is cooling, obtaining composite granule；
(2) composite granule is sintered in vacuum hotpressing stove, obtains compound billet；
(3) after melting cast aluminium alloy gold, the compound billet is added at 700-800 DEG C, stirs 10-30min, is mixed
Object；
(4) stablize stirring 20-25min after the mixture being cooled to 550-620 DEG C, obtain the particle containing Wolfram disulfide nano
Refined metals solution；
(5) mold is preheated to 250 ± 10 DEG C, by the refined metals solution of the particle containing Wolfram disulfide nano in 700-750
Wolfram disulfide nano particle enhanced aluminum-based composite material slab is cast at DEG C；
(6) the Wolfram disulfide nano particle enhanced aluminum-based composite material slab is heat-treated, obtains addition tungsten disulfide
The aluminum matrix composite of self-lubricating nano particle.
4. preparation method according to claim 3, it is characterised in that: in step (1), the partial size of the tungsten disulphide powder
For 10-100nm, the partial size of the copper powder is 10-100 μm, and the partial size of the solid solvent is 10-100 μm.
5. preparation method according to claim 3, it is characterised in that: in step (1), the quality of the solid solvent accounts for institute
State 30% or more of composite granule quality.
6. preparation method according to claim 3, it is characterised in that: in step (1), the ratio of grinding media to material of the high energy ball mill
For 10:1-30:1, revolving speed 300-800rpm, Ball-milling Time 240-600min, milling atmosphere is that vacuum or argon gas are protected.
7. preparation method according to claim 3, it is characterised in that: in step (2), the temperature of the sintering is 500-
800 DEG C, the time of the sintering is 2-8h；The vacuum degree of the vacuum hotpressing stove is 10-1-10-4Pa, hot pressing pressure 150-
400MPa。
8. preparation method according to claim 3, it is characterised in that: in step (3), the quality of the compound billet is should
The 5-20% of aluminum matrix composite gross mass.
9. preparation method according to claim 3, it is characterised in that: in step (3), the speed of the stirring is 300-
1000rpm；And/or
In step (4), the speed of the stable stirring is 500-1000rpm.
10. preparation method according to claim 3, it is characterised in that: in step (6), the process of thermal treatment parameter
Are as follows: 520 ± 10 DEG C of solid solution, 60-100 DEG C of water quenching is 180 ± 10 DEG C of timeliness, air-cooled.
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111187939A (en) * | 2020-03-17 | 2020-05-22 | 李于蓉 | Preparation method of metal-based ceramic particle reinforced composite material |
| CN113755719A (en) * | 2021-08-09 | 2021-12-07 | 昆明理工大学 | High-strength, wear-resistant and antifriction aluminum-based composite material and preparation method thereof |
| CN115747547A (en) * | 2022-10-26 | 2023-03-07 | 中冶赛迪工程技术股份有限公司 | Metallurgical method for improving alloy micro-morphology through nanoparticles, product and application thereof |
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| CN106967903A (en) * | 2016-01-21 | 2017-07-21 | 东莞市淦宏信息科技有限公司 | A kind of aluminium alloy compression casting formula of surface oxidation |
| CN109477170A (en) * | 2016-07-21 | 2019-03-15 | 菲特尔莫古威斯巴登有限公司 | Unleaded aluminium material for sliding bearing with functional surface |
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| CN111187939A (en) * | 2020-03-17 | 2020-05-22 | 李于蓉 | Preparation method of metal-based ceramic particle reinforced composite material |
| CN113755719A (en) * | 2021-08-09 | 2021-12-07 | 昆明理工大学 | High-strength, wear-resistant and antifriction aluminum-based composite material and preparation method thereof |
| CN115747547A (en) * | 2022-10-26 | 2023-03-07 | 中冶赛迪工程技术股份有限公司 | Metallurgical method for improving alloy micro-morphology through nanoparticles, product and application thereof |
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