CN110172538A - A kind of red mud high-efficiency resource recycling system and technique - Google Patents
A kind of red mud high-efficiency resource recycling system and technique Download PDFInfo
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- CN110172538A CN110172538A CN201910564184.7A CN201910564184A CN110172538A CN 110172538 A CN110172538 A CN 110172538A CN 201910564184 A CN201910564184 A CN 201910564184A CN 110172538 A CN110172538 A CN 110172538A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01F—COMPOUNDS OF THE METALS BERYLLIUM, MAGNESIUM, ALUMINIUM, CALCIUM, STRONTIUM, BARIUM, RADIUM, THORIUM, OR OF THE RARE-EARTH METALS
- C01F7/00—Compounds of aluminium
- C01F7/02—Aluminium oxide; Aluminium hydroxide; Aluminates
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B7/00—Hydraulic cements
- C04B7/14—Cements containing slag
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
- C21B13/00—Making spongy iron or liquid steel, by direct processes
- C21B13/0073—Selection or treatment of the reducing gases
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B1/00—Preliminary treatment of ores or scrap
- C22B1/14—Agglomerating; Briquetting; Binding; Granulating
- C22B1/24—Binding; Briquetting ; Granulating
- C22B1/2406—Binding; Briquetting ; Granulating pelletizing
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B21/00—Obtaining aluminium
- C22B21/0015—Obtaining aluminium by wet processes
- C22B21/0023—Obtaining aluminium by wet processes from waste materials
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B7/00—Working up raw materials other than ores, e.g. scrap, to produce non-ferrous metals and compounds thereof; Methods of a general interest or applied to the winning of more than two metals
- C22B7/006—Wet processes
- C22B7/007—Wet processes by acid leaching
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/20—Recycling
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P40/00—Technologies relating to the processing of minerals
- Y02P40/10—Production of cement, e.g. improving or optimising the production methods; Cement grinding
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- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
- Treatment Of Sludge (AREA)
- Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention discloses a kind of red mud high-efficiency resource recycling system and technique.The system is set gradually according to process are as follows: washing pool, the first filter press, dryer, the first crusher, screening machine, blender, molding machine, electric induction furnace, the second crusher, magnetic separator, reaction kettle, the second filter press, sedimentation basin and roaster；The system can realize red mud efficient process, to the full extent by red mud " eating dry bleed ", have preferable economic and social benefit by raw materials such as red mud, coal dust and aluminium scrap bits by conversion to salable items such as reduced iron, cement raw material and aluminium oxide.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of red mud processing system and technique, in particular to a kind of red mud high-efficiency resource recycling system,
It further relates to belong to metallurgy and environment protection field using the technique of system resourceization processing red mud.
Background technique
Red mud is the pollution waste residue being discharged when aluminium industry extracts aluminium oxide from bauxite.Under normal circumstances, average every
1t aluminium oxide is produced, 1~2t red mud is just incidentally generated.The annual red mud discharge amount in China reaches tens million of tons, but due to various factors
Restriction, red mud is difficult to make full use of always.
Currently, the mode that red mud mostly uses stockyard to stack or build a dam wet process stockpiling is handled.However, this easily makes a large amount of alkali
Property penetration into soil, cause alkalization of soils and polluted underground water source.In addition, also have red mud drying is dehydrated after dry method again
The method of stockpiling.With the reduction year by year that the development of aluminum processing product and bauxite are sampled, the discharge amount of red mud will be higher and higher,
The red mud processing pressure that the mankind are faced also will be increasing.Therefore, red mud is reasonably handled and utilized, " clear water is not only conformed with
Green hill is exactly the Green Development theory of Kingsoft Yin Shan ", also complies with the sustainable development of human society and the sustainable development of resource
Requirement.
To alleviate increasingly increased red mud processing pressure, those skilled in the art have done to be explored in large quantities.For example, China is specially
Sharp (CN201110225589 and CN201210164515) is proposed first by acidifications such as ferrous material inorganic acids, again plus in alkali
With and produce ferric hydroxide precipitate, roast the method for producing iron oxide again, but this method largely uses chemical reagent, easily causes and sets
Standby corrosion, and process is many and diverse, operability is poor, is unfavorable for environmental protection；Chinese patent (CN 201510471394.3) is open a kind of
It is roasted after sulfate slag, red mud and reducing agent are mixed, then the method for comprehensively utilizing sulfate slag and red mud of isolated iron powder, but
Its tailings is not fully utilized, and there are a degree of wastings of resources；Chinese patent (CN201710291417) discloses a kind of oxygen
Change the method for comprehensive utilization of aluminium red mud, this method makes iron oxide be reduced to metal under vacuum conditions using carbon or aluminium as reducing agent
Iron makes sodium oxide molybdena be reduced to metallic sodium and is distilled off, at the same make other valuable materials be reduced to metallic state and with aluminium shape
At alloy, this method can realize that red mud harmless processing and valuable element recycle, and arrange without exhaust gas, waste water and waste residue etc.
Put, but its technique is longer, at the same the processes such as vacuum reduction and distillation the high requirements on the equipment and production cost is relatively high；Chinese patent
(201710126298.4) disclose a kind of by red mud method of comprehensive utilization, red mud is first mixed and stirred with calcareous dealkalize agent by this method
It is made the calcareous dealkalize agent mixing slurry of red mud-after mixing, the calcareous dealkalize agent mixing slurry of subsequent red mud-and sulfur-containing smoke gas countercurrently connect in tower
Sulfur dioxide absorption, the discharge of desulfurization fume tower top are touched, red mud mixing slurry is discharged by tower bottom, and red mud mixing slurry, which continues with, is made general
Logical portland cement, this method can make full use of industrial residue, flue gas high-efficiency desulfurization and the efficient dealkalize of red mud, but it is only applicable to
Specific occasion (needs the sulfurous gas being largely easy to get), is not suitable for being widely applied；Chinese patent
(CN201811246887) a kind of red mud magnetizing roast comprehensive utilization process disclosed, technique by mixing, drying, reduction roasting,
Several Duan Zucheng such as magnetic separation separation, tailings characteristic, may finally obtain Iron Ore Powder and construction material, which passes through Optimal improvements magnetic
Change roasting apparatus and improve red mud comprehensive utilization ratio, but its overall craft is longer, is unfavorable for improving production efficiency.
Summary of the invention
For defect existing for red mud treatment process in the prior art, the first purpose of this invention is intended to provide a kind of red
Mud high-efficiency resource recycling system, the system can be by raw materials such as red mud, coal dust and aluminium scrap bits by conversion to reduced iron, cement raw
The salable items such as material and aluminium oxide, realize red mud efficient process, to the full extent by red mud " eating dry bleed ", have preferable warp
Ji and social benefit.
Second object of the present invention is intended to provide a kind of consider red mud and aluminium scrap etc. to be worth doing and is separated by high temperature reduction, magnetic separation etc.
Processing can sell product to recycle reduced iron, iron oxide and cement raw material etc., be truly realized what red mud comprehensive resource utilized
Technique, the technique is mainly with red mud and aluminium scrap bits for cheap raw material, and simple process, and red mud treatment effeciency is high, has preferable
Economic and social benefit.
In order to achieve the above technical purposes, the present invention provides a kind of red mud high-efficiency resource recycling systems, according to work
Sequence is set gradually are as follows: washing pool, the first filter press, dryer, the first crusher, screening machine, blender, pelletizing molding machine, sense
Answer electric furnace, the second crusher, magnetic separator, reaction kettle, the second filter press, sedimentation basin and roaster.
Preferred scheme, first filter press and second filter press are chamber-type press filter.
Preferred scheme, the pelletizing molding machine are pair roller type high-pressure ball press or disc balling machine.
Preferred scheme, the electric induction furnace are equipped with inert gas entrance.
Preferred scheme, the magnetic separator internal magnetic field intensity are set as 120~160kA/m.
Red mud high-efficiency resource recycling system of the invention is set gradually according to process are as follows: washing pool, dries the first filter press
Dry machine, the first crusher, screening machine, blender, pelletizing molding machine, electric induction furnace, the second crusher, magnetic separator, reaction kettle,
Two filter presses, sedimentation basin and roaster.The washing pool is for washing red mud raw material, to obtain washing red mud.Institute
It states the first filter press and is equipped with washing red mud entrance and the outlet of filters pressing red mud, and carry out filters pressing for red mud will to be washed, reduce aqueous
Amount is equipped with the first conveying equipment to obtain filters pressing red mud between first filter press and the washing pool.The dryer
It is described to obtain drying red mud equipped with filters pressing red mud entrance and the outlet of drying red mud, and for drying filters pressing red mud
The second conveying equipment is equipped between dryer and first filter press.First crusher is equipped with drying red mud entrance and breaks
Broken red mud outlet, and be crushed for red mud will to be dried, to obtain broken red mud, between first crusher and dryer
Equipped with third conveying equipment.The screening machine is equipped with broken red mud entrance and red mud particle outlet, and for by broken red mud into
Row screening is equipped with the 4th conveying to obtain the red mud particle of appropriate granularity, between the screening machine and first crusher
Equipment.The blender is equipped with red mud particle entrance, coal powder entrance, aluminium scrap bits entrance and mixture outlet, and is used for red mud
Particle, coal dust and aluminium scrap bits are mixed, and it is defeated that the 5th is equipped with to obtain mixture, between the blender and the screening machine
Send equipment.The pelletizing molding machine is equipped with mixture entrance and the outlet of mixing pelletizing, and for mixture to be formed pelletizing, so as to
Mixing pelletizing is obtained, the 6th conveying equipment is equipped between the molding machine and the blender.The electric induction furnace will be for that will mix
It closes pelletizing and carries out high temperature reduction, it is defeated that the 7th is equipped with to obtain reaction mixture, between the electric induction furnace and the molding machine
Send equipment.Second crusher is equipped with reaction mixture entrance and reaction mixture broken material exports, and mixed for that will react
It closes object to be crushed, to obtain reaction mixture broken material, the is equipped between second crusher and the electric induction furnace
Eight conveying equipments.The magnetic separator is equipped with reaction mixture broken material entrance, reduced iron outlet and magnetic separation solid discharge, and is used for
The reaction mixture broken material is subjected to magnetic separation separation, to obtain reduced iron and magnetic separation residue, the magnetic separator and described
The 9th conveying equipment is equipped between second crusher.The reaction kettle is used to the reaction magnetic separation residue carrying out acidleach, so as to
Acidleach mixture is obtained, the tenth conveying equipment is equipped between the reaction kettle and the magnetic separator.Second filter press is equipped with
Acidleach mixture inlet, pickle liquor outlet and the outlet of solid phase slag, and for acidleach mixture to be carried out filters pressing, to obtain acidleach
Liquid and solid phase slag are equipped with the 11st conveying equipment between second filter press and the reaction kettle.The sedimentation basin is used for will
Pickle liquor is precipitated, and to obtain sediment, the 12nd conveying equipment is equipped between the sedimentation basin and the second filter press.Institute
It states roaster to export equipped with sediment entrance, product of roasting, and for roasting sediment, to obtain product of roasting,
The 13rd conveying equipment is equipped between the roaster and sedimentation basin.
The present invention also provides a kind of red mud high-efficiency resource recycling techniques, use the system processing red mud, including
Following process:
1) it after red mud addition washing pool is washed, is delivered to the first filter press filters pressing and carries out filters pressing processing, filter cake conveying
Drying and processing is carried out to dryer, dry cake is delivered to the first crusher and carries out after being crushed, it is delivered to screening machine sieving processing,
Obtain red mud particle；
2) red mud particle is delivered in blender, and addition coal dust and aluminium scrap bits stir evenly in blender, are mixed
Close material；
3) mixture conveying pelletizing molding machine is pressed into pelletizing；
4) pelletizing is delivered in electric induction furnace, carries out high temperature reduction processing under inert gas protection, obtains reaction mixing
Object；
5) reaction mixture is delivered to the second crusher and carries out break process, obtains broken material；The broken material is delivered to
Magnetic separator carries out magnetic separation separation, obtains reduced iron and magnetic separation residue；
6) magnetic separation residue is delivered to acid liquid in reaction kettle and carries out acidleach, obtains acidleach mixture；
7) acidleach mixture is delivered to progress filters pressing processing in the second filter press, obtains pickle liquor and solid phase slag, solid phase slag
As production cement raw material；
8) pickle liquor is delivered to sedimentation basin addition lye and is precipitated, and obtains sediment；
9) sediment is delivered to progress high-temperature roasting processing in roaster, obtains aluminium oxide.
Preferred scheme, the partial size of the red mud particle are 5~10mm.
The mass ratio that preferred scheme, red mud particle and coal dust and aluminium scrap are considered to be worth doing is (40~50): (4~8): (5~10).Coal
Ferriferous oxide in red mud is efficiently reduced into metal simple-substance mainly as reducing agent by powder and aluminium scrap bits.Especially aluminium scrap bits are one
Kind trade waste is used for processing red mud, can not only play iron reduction, and can make full use of thermit reaction
Sintering temperature is reduced, achievees the purpose that reduce energy consumption, while realizing the recycling of aluminium scrap bits, aluminium scrap can be considered to be worth doing and be converted to
Alumina recovery.And coal dust not only can be with reducing iron oxides, but also can guarantee that atmosphere is reducing atmosphere, guarantee also to originate in
The stability of object.
Preferred scheme, the temperature of the thermal reduction are 1000~1100 DEG C, and the time is 20~30min.
Preferred scheme, the condition of the acidleach are as follows: using the hydrochloric acid that mass percent concentration is 10~15% as leaching
Agent, liquid-solid ratio are (4~5) mL:1g, and extraction temperature is 60~90 DEG C, and extraction time is 25~45min.
Preferred scheme, the temperature of the high-temperature roasting are 1100~1250 DEG C, and calcining time is 10~20min.
Preferred scheme, protective atmosphere are the combination of inert atmosphere or nitrogen or inert atmosphere and nitrogen.
Preferred scheme, precipitating using concentration 15~25% sodium hydroxide solution or potassium hydroxide solution be used as in and
Reagent.
Preferred scheme, red mud filter pressing gained filter cake are dried at a temperature of 80~100 DEG C.
Preferred scheme, the briquetting pressure of pelletizing molding machine is 8~12MPa in balling process.
When the present invention is using system processing red mud, red mud raw material successively passes through washing pool washing, the first conveying equipment
Transfer, the first filter press filters pressing, the second conveying equipment transfer, drying machine drying, the transfer of third conveying equipment, the first crusher are broken
Broken, the 4th conveying equipment transfer and screening machine sieving, obtain the red mud particle of appropriate granularity；The red mud particle is through the 5th conveying
It is mixed in a certain ratio and stirs with coal dust and aluminium scrap bits in blender after equipment transfer, then gone to through the 6th conveying equipment
Pelletizing molding machine pelletizing obtains mixing pelletizing；The mixing pelletizing is gone in electric induction furnace by the 7th conveying equipment in inertia
High temperature reduction is carried out under gas shield, obtains reaction mixture；The reaction mixture is transferred to by the 8th conveying equipment
Sledging machine is crushed, and reaction mixture broken material is obtained；The reaction mixture broken material is shifted through the 9th conveying equipment
Magnetic separation is carried out to magnetic separator, obtains reduced iron and magnetic separation residue, reduced iron is as iron-smelting raw material；The magnetic separation residue passes through the tenth
Conveying equipment is transferred to acid liquid in reaction kettle and carries out acidleach, obtains acidleach mixture；The acidleach mixture passes through the 11st
Conveying equipment, which is transferred in the second filter press, carries out filters pressing, obtains pickle liquor and solid phase slag, and solid phase slag can be used as production cement raw
Material；The pickle liquor is transferred to sedimentation basin by the 12nd conveying equipment and lye is added to be precipitated to obtain sediment, the precipitating
Object is transferred to by the 13rd conveying equipment and is roasted to obtain aluminium oxide in roaster.
Conveying equipment of the invention is pipeline pumping machine or belt conveyor or screw conveyor or bucket elevator.
In red mud high-efficiency resource recycling technique of the present invention, red mud particle and coal dust and aluminium scrap bits are first subjected to high temperature together
Reduction, since the main component of red mud is Fe2O3、Al2O3, CaO and SiO2Deng, during high temperature reduction, coal dust and aluminium scrap bits
Metal oxides certain in red mud can be reduced to metal simple-substance, such as 2Al+Fe occurs2O3=Al2O3+ 2Fe and 3C+2Fe2O3
=3CO2The reaction such as+4Fe.The resulting reaction mixture of high temperature reduction after magnetic separation, separated by magnetic separation by fe therein,
Substantial residual ingredient is Al in magnetic separation residue at this time2O3, CaO and SiO2Deng.Magnetic separation residue is carried out acidleach processing can be by magnetic separation
Aluminium oxide etc. in residue is changed into soluble metal chloride (such as Al2O3+ 6HCl=2AlCl3+3H2O), without with hydrochloric acid
The substance of reaction is changed into solid phase slag, and the main component of solid phase slag is SiO2, can be used as the raw material of production cement；And acidleach is handled
Main component is metal chloride (such as AlCl in the pickle liquor obtained afterwards3), it can will be accounted in pickle liquor by neutralization precipitation big absolutely
Partial aluminium is changed into sediment (Al (OH)3), which can decompose by high-temperature roasting is changed into aluminium oxide (2Al
(OH)3=Al2O3+3H2O), it can be used as electrolysis aluminum feedstock.
In addition, in technical solution of the present invention, all do not do is illustrated, the conventional hand in this field can be used
Section realizes the technical program.
Compared with the prior art, red mud high-efficiency resource recycling technique of the invention has a characteristic that
1) raw material when red mud high-efficiency resource recycling system of the invention processing red mud is mainly red mud, coal dust and aluminium scrap
Bits, final products reduced iron, cement raw material and aluminium oxide can be farthest by red mud " eating dry bleed ", better economic benefits；
Meanwhile production process is discharged almost without waste residue and exhaust gas, it is environmentally friendly.
2) red mud high-efficiency resource recycling technique of the invention is mainly considered to be worth doing with red mud waste and cheap aluminium scrap as raw material, and
The products such as reduced iron, aluminium oxide and the cement raw material of high added value are obtained, resource utilization is high, farthest " eats red mud
It is dry to bleed ", it is truly realized red mud comprehensive utilization.
3) red mud high-efficiency resource recycling technique of the invention does not generate waste residue and exhaust gas, will not generate secondary dirt to environment
Dye, meets environmental requirement.
4) red mud high-efficiency resource recycling technique of the invention uses induction heating in red mud mixing pelletizing high temperature reduction,
It can be realized quick heating, while thermit reaction belongs to exothermic reaction, can also save the energy to a certain extent.
5) red mud high-efficiency resource recycling of the invention is used as additive using aluminium scrap bits, on the one hand, plays as reduction
Iron reduction is played in agent, on the other hand, makes full use of thermit reaction to reduce sintering temperature, achievees the purpose that reduce energy consumption,
The recycling of aluminium scrap bits may be implemented in the third aspect.
6) red mud high-efficiency resource recycling raw materials technology of the present invention is easy to get, simple process, equipment requirement are low, safety and environmental protection,
Strong operability can turn waste into wealth red mud, have preferable economic and social benefit.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is red mud high-efficiency resource recycling system schematic of the present invention；
Wherein, 1 is washing pool, and 2 be the first filter press, and 3 be dryer, and 4 be the first crusher, and 5 be screening machine, and 6 be to stir
Machine is mixed, 7 be pelletizing molding machine, and 8 be electric induction furnace, and 9 be the second crusher, and 10 be magnetic separator, and 11 be reaction kettle, and 12 be the second pressure
Filter, 13 be sedimentation basin, and 14 be roaster, and 120 be the first conveying equipment, and 23 be the second conveying equipment, and 34 set for third conveying
Standby, 45 be the 4th conveying equipment, and 56 be the 5th conveying equipment, and 67 be the 6th conveying equipment, and 78 be the 7th conveying equipment, and 89 be the
Eight conveying equipments, 910 be the 9th conveying equipment, and 1011 be the tenth conveying equipment, and 1112 be the 11st conveying equipment, and 1213 be the
12 conveying equipments, 1314 be the 13rd conveying equipment.
Specific embodiment
The technical scheme in the embodiments of the invention will be clearly and completely described below, it is clear that described implementation
Example is only a part of the embodiment of the present invention, instead of all the embodiments.Based on the embodiments of the present invention, this field is common
Technical staff's every other embodiment obtained without creative efforts belongs to the model that the present invention protects
It encloses.
As shown in Figure 1, red mud high-efficiency resource recycling system according to the present invention includes the water set gradually according to process
Wash pool (1), the first filter press (chamber-type press filter, 2), dryer (3), the first crusher (4), screening machine (5), blender (6),
Pelletizing molding machine (pair roller type high-pressure ball press, 7), electric induction furnace (8), the second crusher (9), magnetic separator (10), reaction kettle
(11), the second filter press (chamber-type press filter, 12), sedimentation basin (13) and roaster (14).In the system composition of each section and
Function is as follows:
Washing pool (1) is for washing red mud raw material, to obtain washing red mud.
First filter press (chamber-type press filter, 2) is equipped with washing red mud entrance and the outlet of filters pressing red mud, and red for that will wash
Mud carries out filters pressing, reduces water content, to obtain filters pressing red mud, the first filter press (chamber-type press filter, 2) and washing pool (1) it
Between be equipped with the first conveying equipment (bucket elevator, 120).
Dryer (3) is equipped with filters pressing red mud entrance and the outlet of drying red mud, and for drying filters pressing red mud, so as to
Drying red mud is obtained, the second conveying equipment (belt conveying is equipped between dryer (3) and the first filter press (chamber-type press filter, 2)
Machine, 23).
First crusher (4) is equipped with drying red mud entrance and the outlet of broken red mud, and is crushed for that will dry red mud,
To obtain broken red mud, third conveying equipment (belt conveyor, 34) is equipped between the first crusher (4) and dryer (3).
Screening machine (5) is equipped with broken red mud entrance and red mud particle outlet, and for screening broken red mud, so as to
The red mud particle of appropriate granularity is obtained, the 4th conveying equipment (belt conveying is equipped between screening machine (5) and the first crusher (4)
Machine, 45).
Blender (6) is equipped with red mud particle entrance, coal powder entrance, aluminium scrap bits entrance and mixture outlet, and being used for will be red
Mud particle, coal dust and aluminium scrap bits are mixed, and it is defeated that the 5th is equipped with to obtain mixture, between blender (6) and screening machine (5)
Send equipment (belt conveyor, 56).
Pelletizing molding machine (pair roller type high-pressure ball press, 7) is equipped with mixture entrance and the outlet of mixing pelletizing, and for that will mix
Close material molding pelletizing, to obtain mixing pelletizing, briquetting pressure control in 8~12MPa, molding machine (pair roller type high-pressure ball press,
7) the 6th conveying equipment (belt conveyor, 67) is equipped between blender (6).
Electric induction furnace (8) carries out high temperature reduction for that will mix pelletizing, to obtain reaction mixture, electric induction furnace (8)
Equipped with inert gas entrance, the 7th conveying equipment is equipped between electric induction furnace (8) and molding machine (pair roller type high-pressure ball press, 7)
(bucket elevator, 78).
Second crusher (9) is equipped with reaction mixture entrance and reaction mixture broken material exports, and mixed for that will react
It closes object to be crushed, to obtain reaction mixture broken material, the 8th is equipped between the second crusher (9) and electric induction furnace (8)
Conveying equipment (belt conveyor, 89).
Magnetic separator (10) is equipped with reaction mixture broken material entrance, reduced iron outlet and magnetic separation solid discharge, and being used for will
Reaction mixture broken material carries out magnetic separation separation, to obtain reduced iron and magnetic separation residue, magnetic separator (10) and the second crusher
(9) it is equipped with the 9th conveying equipment (belt conveyor, 910) between, magnetic separator (10) internal magnetic field intensity is set as 120~
160kA/m。
Reaction kettle (11) will be for that will react the progress acidleach of magnetic separation residue, to obtain acidleach mixture, reaction kettle (11) and
The tenth conveying equipment (bucket elevator, 1011) is equipped between magnetic separator (10).
Second filter press (chamber-type press filter, 12) is equipped with acidleach mixture inlet, pickle liquor outlet and the outlet of solid phase slag, and
For acidleach mixture to be carried out filters pressing, to obtain pickle liquor and solid phase slag, the second filter press (chamber-type press filter, 12) and instead
It answers and is equipped with the 11st conveying equipment (screw conveyor, 1112) between kettle (11).
Sedimentation basin (13) is for precipitating pickle liquor, to obtain sediment, sedimentation basin (13) and the second filter press
The 12nd conveying equipment (pipeline pumping machine, 1213) is equipped between (chamber-type press filter, 12).
Roaster (14) is equipped with sediment entrance, product of roasting exports, and for roasting sediment, to obtain
Product of roasting is equipped with the 13rd conveying equipment (screw conveyor, 1314) between roaster (14) and sedimentation basin (13).
When using this system high-efficiency resource recycling red mud, red mud is first washed to obtain washing red mud in washing pool (1)；Water
It washes red mud and is transferred to filters pressing in chamber-type press filter (2) by bucket elevator (120), obtain filters pressing red mud；Filters pressing red mud passes through
Belt conveyor (23) is transferred to 80 DEG C of drying in dryer (3), obtains drying red mud；It dries red mud and passes through belt conveyor (34)
It is transferred to the first crusher (4) to be crushed, obtains broken red mud；Broken red mud is transferred to screening machine (5) by belt conveyor (45)
Screening, obtaining partial size is 5mm red mud particle；Red mud particle, coal dust and aluminium skimmings are according to the quality of 50:8:9 than passing through band after ingredient
Formula conveyer (56) is transferred to blender (6) mixing, obtains mixture；Mixture is transferred to by belt conveyor (67) to roller
Formula high-pressure ball press (7) obtains mixing pelletizing in 10MPa forming under the pressure pelletizing；It mixes pelletizing and passes through bucket elevator (78)
1100 DEG C of high temperature reduction 20min under protection of argon gas after being transferred in electric induction furnace (8), obtain reaction mixture；Reaction mixture
The second crusher (9) are gone to by belt conveyor (89) to be crushed, and obtain reaction mixture broken material；Reaction mixture broken material
Magnetic separator (10) magnetic separation under 150kA/m intensity magnetic field is gone to by belt conveyor (910), reduced iron is obtained and magnetic separation is residual
Slag, reduced iron can be used as iron-smelting raw material；Magnetic separation residue goes to reaction kettle (11) by bucket elevator (1011)
The acidleach at 60 DEG C of 12% dilute hydrochloric acid handles 25min, and the liquid-solid ratio of hydrochloric acid and magnetic separation residue is 4.5:1 when acidleach, final
To acidleach mixture；Acidleach mixture goes to chamber-type press filter (12) filters pressing by screw conveyor (1112), obtains pickle liquor
With solid phase slag, solid phase slag can be used as production cement raw material；Pickle liquor is transferred to sedimentation basin (13) by pipeline pumping machine (1213)
Add 20% potassium hydroxide to be precipitated, obtains sediment；Sediment is transferred to roaster by screw conveyor (1314)
(14) 15min is roasted under 1200 DEG C of high temperature in, obtains aluminium oxide.Red mud is by process efficient recycling treatment described in the present embodiment
Afterwards, the rate of recovery of iron reaches 83% in red mud, and the rate of recovery of aluminium reaches 73%, and the rate of recovery of silicon reaches 85%.
Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are merely illustrative of the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than its limitations；Although
Present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that: it still may be used
To modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or equivalent replacement of some of the technical features；
And these are modified or replaceed, technical solution of various embodiments of the present invention that it does not separate the essence of the corresponding technical solution spirit and
Range.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of red mud high-efficiency resource recycling system, it is characterised in that: set gradually according to process are as follows: washing pool, the first pressure
It is filter, dryer, the first crusher, screening machine, blender, pelletizing molding machine, electric induction furnace, the second crusher, magnetic separator, anti-
Answer kettle, the second filter press, sedimentation basin and roaster.
2. red mud high-efficiency resource recycling system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: first filter press and institute
Stating the second filter press is chamber-type press filter.
3. red mud high-efficiency resource recycling system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the pelletizing molding machine is pair
Roll-type high-pressure ball press or disc balling machine.
4. red mud high-efficiency resource recycling system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the electric induction furnace is equipped with lazy
Property gas access.
5. red mud high-efficiency resource recycling system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the magnetic separator internal magnetic field
Intensity is set as 120~160kA/m.
6. a kind of red mud high-efficiency resource recycling technique, it is characterised in that: at any one of the Claims 1 to 5 system
Manage red mud, including following process:
1) it after red mud addition washing pool is washed, is delivered to the first filter press filters pressing and carries out filters pressing processing, filter cake is delivered to baking
Dry machine carries out drying and processing, and dry cake is delivered to the first crusher and carries out after being crushed, and is delivered to screening machine sieving processing, obtains
Red mud particle；
2) red mud particle is delivered in blender, and addition coal dust and aluminium scrap bits stir evenly in blender, obtain mixture；
3) mixture conveying pelletizing molding machine is pressed into pelletizing；
4) pelletizing is delivered in electric induction furnace, is carried out high temperature reduction processing under inert gas protection, is obtained reaction mixture；
5) reaction mixture is delivered to the second crusher and carries out break process, obtains broken material；The broken material is delivered to magnetic separation
Machine carries out magnetic separation separation, obtains reduced iron and magnetic separation residue；
6) magnetic separation residue is delivered to acid liquid in reaction kettle and carries out acidleach, obtains acidleach mixture；
7) acidleach mixture is delivered to progress filters pressing processing in the second filter press, obtains pickle liquor and solid phase slag, solid phase slag conduct
Produce cement raw material；
8) pickle liquor is delivered to sedimentation basin addition lye and is precipitated, and obtains sediment；
9) sediment is delivered to progress high-temperature roasting processing in roaster, obtains aluminium oxide.
7. a kind of red mud high-efficiency resource recycling technique according to claim 6, it is characterised in that: red mud particle and coal dust
And the mass ratio of aluminium scrap bits is (40~50): (4~8): (5~10)；
The partial size of the red mud particle is 5~10mm.
8. a kind of red mud high-efficiency resource recycling technique according to claim 6, it is characterised in that: the temperature of the thermal reduction
Degree is 1000~1100 DEG C, and the time is 20~30min.
9. a kind of red mud high-efficiency resource recycling technique according to claim 6, it is characterised in that: the condition of the acidleach
Are as follows: using the hydrochloric acid that mass percent concentration is 10~15% as leaching agent, liquid-solid ratio is (4~5) mL:1g, and extraction temperature is
60~90 DEG C, extraction time is 25~45min.
10. a kind of red mud high-efficiency resource recycling technique according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the high-temperature roasting
Temperature be 1100~1250 DEG C, calcining time be 10~20min.
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| CN111088436A (en) * | 2019-12-25 | 2020-05-01 | 宁波锦越新材料有限公司 | Equipment for recovering aluminum oxide from aluminum slag and method for recovering aluminum oxide |
| CN111389859A (en) * | 2020-03-20 | 2020-07-10 | 安徽工业大学 | Method for recovering iron powder by direct reduction of red mud |
| WO2024106640A1 (en) * | 2022-11-14 | 2024-05-23 | 에스제이기술 주식회사 | Method for producing black powder containing reduced iron from red mud and aluminum-containing industrial byproduct |
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