CN110170646A - Superfine iron powder and its production method - Google Patents

Superfine iron powder and its production method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN110170646A
CN110170646A CN201910584533.1A CN201910584533A CN110170646A CN 110170646 A CN110170646 A CN 110170646A CN 201910584533 A CN201910584533 A CN 201910584533A CN 110170646 A CN110170646 A CN 110170646A
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Prior art keywords
iron
iron powder
crushed
washing
powder
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CN201910584533.1A
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CN110170646B (en
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潘华
陈林
张玉波
胡光明
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Chongqing You Yanchongye Novel Material Co Ltd
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Chongqing You Yanchongye Novel Material Co Ltd
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F1/00—Metallic powder; Treatment of metallic powder, e.g. to facilitate working or to improve properties
    • B22F1/05—Metallic powder characterised by the size or surface area of the particles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F9/00—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof
    • B22F9/16—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using chemical processes
    • B22F9/18—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using chemical processes with reduction of metal compounds
    • B22F9/20—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using chemical processes with reduction of metal compounds starting from solid metal compounds
    • B22F9/22—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using chemical processes with reduction of metal compounds starting from solid metal compounds using gaseous reductors
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
    • C22B1/00—Preliminary treatment of ores or scrap
    • C22B1/02—Roasting processes
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
    • Y02P10/20—Recycling

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Manufacture Of Metal Powder And Suspensions Thereof (AREA)
  • Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
  • Powder Metallurgy (AREA)

Abstract

The invention belongs to the preconditioning technique fields of scrap metal, and in particular to a kind of superfine iron powder.Granularity D50≤20 μm of the iron powder, iron content >=97%, loose specific weight 0.5-1.5g/cm3.Iron particle size of the invention is small, purity is high, and loose specific weight is small.

Description

Superfine iron powder and its production method
Technical field
The invention belongs to the preconditioning technique fields of scrap metal, and in particular to a kind of superfine iron powder and its production method.
Background technique
Iron powder is one of basic material of powder metallurgy industry, and world's iron powder annual output is about at 850,000 tons or so.Iron powder produces The 85% of amount is used for the manufacture of powdered metal parts, and wherein the powdered metal parts of 70%-83% are used for automobile industry.Remaining For chemical industry, magnetic material, cutting, welding rod, exothermic material etc., (" domestic iron powder development becomes iron powder in terms of PRODUCTION OF IRON POWDER situation Gesture ", Ge Liqiang, Chinese powder industry, the 2nd phase in 2006, the abstract 1-3 row of page 40, publication date on December 31st, 2006).
For iron powder, iron powder is thinner, and specific surface area is bigger, activity it is stronger, thus have stronger electricity, magnetic, light and Therefore the special performances such as catalysis, absorption and chemical reaction, also all have in numerous areas such as electromagnetism, biology, medicine, optics Wide application prospect (" progress that low-temperature reduction prepares superfine iron powder ", Han Yilin etc., Shanghai Metals, 2010 the 32nd It rolled up for the 1st phase, the 4-7 row of page 47, publication date on 01 31st, 2010).Therefore, superfine iron powder be widely used in magnetic material, Medicine, food, welding rod manufacture, vehicle maintenance service, chemical industry, metallurgy, superhard material, hard alloy, heavy alloy, machinery Equipment, coating, rubber product pigment, seed preferably, seed purification, the fields (" application study of superfine iron powder such as soil improvement Status and progress ", Wu Shaohua etc., Yunnan metallurgy etc., the 5th phase of volume 34 in 2005, the 1st row of left column inverse paragraph 1 of page 34, The 2nd section of the 2nd section of 1-3 row of the right column of page 34, the 3rd section of 2-3 row of the right column of page 34 and the left column of page 35 1-5 row, publication date On October 31st, 2010).
However, the partial size of existing iron powder is relatively thick (D50 > 45um), its surface-active can be reduced, increases sintering temperature, shadow Ring the structural behaviour of product；The pressing pressure that will lead to green compact increases, and increases the burden of mold；It also will increase its product simultaneously Surface roughness, reduce the machining accuracy of part；In addition, it is special in magnetism, the catalytic in other fields etc. also to reduce it Performance, limit its application field.
Summary of the invention
In view of this, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of iron powders that partial size is small.
To achieve the above object, the technical solution of the present invention is as follows:
Iron powder, granularity D50≤20 μm of the iron powder, iron content >=97%, loose specific weight 0.5-1.5g/cm3。
The D50 refers to that cumulative particle sizes percentile reaches partial size corresponding when 50%, that is, is greater than of the partial size Grain accounts for 50%, and the particle less than the partial size also accounts for 50%.
The loose specific weight refers to that iron powder is freely full of the quality of the unit volume measured after volumetric standard.
Further, granularity D90≤40 μm of the iron powder.
The granularity D90 refers to that cumulative particle sizes percentile reaches partial size corresponding when 90%, that is, is less than the partial size Particle account for 90%.
In addition, inventor also found, iron-based composite powder production principle is using iron powder, copper-bath in certain addition The chemistry displacement reaction carried out under the conditions of agent, Fe+Cu2+→Fe2++ Cu can be generated big in this reaction process The waste liquid of the ferrous ion containing high concentration of amount, waste liquid is reacted with liquid alkaline generates iron slag, Fe2++2OH-=Fe (OH)2↓.Mesh Before be a large amount of iron slags that will generate through filter press filters pressing, filter residue asks outer producer to pull away processing, and to pay certain expense With to producer.This processing mode wastes iron resource, increases cost for wastewater treatment.
The second object of the present invention is to protect the preparation method of the iron powder, specifically:
The iron slag that iron-based composite powder generates will be successively produced to be washed, roasted, is crushed, restored, being crushed selection by winnowing, institute Stating reduction temperature is 800-1000 DEG C, time 130-170min, and hydrogen intake is 1.5-3.0m3/h。
Further, the washing refers to that the processing iron slag is placed in filtering-washing all-in-one machine, and water washing is added 5h, then filters pressing is to water content≤20%.
Further, the temperature of the roasting is 700-800 DEG C, time 80-100min, and being passed through air capacity is 2-4m3/h。
Further, it is described it is broken refer to be crushed to partial size D97≤5 μm.
Further, the preparation method of the iron powder, specifically: will successively produce iron slag that iron-based composite powder generates into Row washing, roasting, broken, reduction, broken selection by winnowing, the washing refer to that the processing iron slag is placed in filtering-washing integrated In machine, water washing 5h, then filters pressing is added to water content≤20%；The temperature of the roasting is 700-800 DEG C, time 80- 100min, being passed through air capacity is 2-4m3/h；It is described it is broken refer to be crushed to partial size D97≤5 μm；The reduction temperature is 800- 1000 DEG C, time 130-170min, hydrogen intake is 1.5-3.0m3/h。
The beneficial effects of the present invention are:
Iron powder partial size of the invention is small, partial size D50≤20 μm, D97≤40 μm.
Iron powder purity is high of the invention, up to 97% or more.
Iron powder loose specific weight of the invention is small.
The present invention realizes the recycling of iron resource, reduces costs.
Specific embodiment
Illustrated embodiment is to preferably be illustrated to the contents of the present invention, but is not that the contents of the present invention only limit In illustrated embodiment.So those skilled in the art are nonessential to embodiment progress according to foregoing invention content Modifications and adaptations still fall within protection scope of the present invention.
The detection method of following water content are as follows: take a certain amount of iron powder, be put into vacuum oven in 105 DEG C of -110 DEG C of dryings 2h is reduced to room temperature, and weighing is taken out in pressure release, calculates front and back weight difference；
Following granularity is detected using laser particle size analyzer；
Following iron content is examined according to " the measurement dichromate titration of GB/T 223.7-2002 iron powder iron content " It surveys；
Following loose specific weight is according to " the measurement part 1 funnel method of GB/T 1479.1-2011 metal powder apparent density " It is measured.
Embodiment 1
The preparation method of superfine iron powder, specifically:
A. it washs: the iron slag (water content 40%) will be processed and be placed in filtering-washing all-in-one machine, washing is added 5h is washed, then filters pressing obtains filters pressing block to water content≤20%；
B. roast: to handle obtained filters pressing packaged into burning in boat by washed, be sent into meshbeltfurnace in 800 DEG C of temperature, be passed through Air capacity is 3m390min is roasted under/h condition, obtains block；
C. it is crushed: the obtained block of processing will be fired is placed in graded impact mill and be crushed to partial size D97 (D97 refers to Cumulative particle sizes percentile reaches partial size corresponding when 97%, i.e., accounts for 97% less than the particle of the partial size；Obtain powder；
D. restore: the powder that step C is obtained, which is put into, to be burnt in boat, is sent into meshbeltfurnace in 900 DEG C of temperature, hydrogen intake and is Reduction treatment 150min under the conditions of 1.5 m3/h；
E. it is crushed selection by winnowing: the iron powder obtained through reduction treatment being placed in fluidized bed scattering grader and carries out broken selection by winnowing.
Performance test
Granularity D50 and D90, iron content, loose specific weight etc. performance are carried out to the iron that embodiment 1 is obtained through break process Detection, the results are shown in Table 1.
1 performance test results of table
Embodiment 1
D50/ μm of granularity 19
D90/ μm of granularity 37
Loose specific weight/(g/cm3) 1.2
Iron content/% 97
As shown in Table 1, the granularity D50 for the iron powder that embodiment 1 obtains is 19 μm, and D90 is 37 μm, and loose specific weight is 1.238g/cm3.Thus it proves, iron particle size of the invention is small, and loose specific weight is small, purity is high.
In addition, it should be understood that although this specification is described in terms of embodiments, but not each embodiment is only wrapped Containing an independent technical solution, this description of the specification is merely for the sake of clarity, and those skilled in the art should It considers the specification as a whole, the technical solutions in the various embodiments may also be suitably combined, forms those skilled in the art The other embodiments being understood that.

Claims (7)

1. iron powder, which is characterized in that granularity D50≤20 μm of the iron powder, iron content >=97%, loose specific weight 0.5-1.5g/ cm3。
2. iron powder according to claim 1, which is characterized in that granularity D90≤40 μm of the iron powder.
3. the preparation method of iron powder as claimed in claim 1 or 2, which is characterized in that will successively produce containing for iron-based composite powder generation Iron waste residue is washed, is roasted, is crushed, being restored, being crushed selection by winnowing, and the reduction temperature is 800-1000 DEG C, time 130- 170min, hydrogen intake are 1.5-3.0m3/h。
4. preparation method according to claim 3, which is characterized in that the washing refers to that the processing iron slag is placed in In filtering-washing all-in-one machine, water washing 5h, then filters pressing is added to water content≤20%.
5. preparation method according to claim 3 or 4, which is characterized in that the temperature of the roasting is 700-800 DEG C, when Between be 80-100min, be passed through air capacity be 2-4m3/h。
6. according to the described in any item preparation methods of claim 3-5, which is characterized in that it is described it is broken refer to be crushed to partial size D97≤5μm。
7. according to the described in any item preparation methods of claim 3-6, which is characterized in that will successively produce iron-based composite powder and generate Iron slag washed, roasted, is crushed, being restored, broken selection by winnowing, the washing refers to that the processing iron slag was placed in In filter-washing all-in-one machine, water washing 5h, then filters pressing is added to water content≤20%；The temperature of the roasting is 700-800 DEG C, Time is 80-100min, and being passed through air capacity is 2-4m3/h；It is described it is broken refer to be crushed to partial size D97≤5 μm；The reduction temperature Degree is 800-1000 DEG C, time 130-170min, and hydrogen intake is 1.5-3.0m3/h。
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Citations (16)

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SU1342598A1 (en) * 1985-05-06 1987-10-07 Украинский заочный политехнический институт им.И.З.Соколова Method of producing iron powder from pyrite cinder
CN101879599A (en) * 2010-06-04 2010-11-10 昆明晶石矿冶有限公司 Method for preparing reductive iron powder and high-purity refined iron powder by using iron ores
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US20130236349A1 (en) * 2010-11-23 2013-09-12 University Of Science And Technology Beijing Industrial method for producing dispersion-strengthened iron-based materials at low cost and in large-scale
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