CN110168331A - 用于记录和监测身体锻炼的拉力传感器 - Google Patents

用于记录和监测身体锻炼的拉力传感器 Download PDF

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CN110168331A
CN110168331A CN201780065401.7A CN201780065401A CN110168331A CN 110168331 A CN110168331 A CN 110168331A CN 201780065401 A CN201780065401 A CN 201780065401A CN 110168331 A CN110168331 A CN 110168331A
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central section
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拉蒙·布拉戈斯·巴尔迪亚
胡安·何塞·拉莫斯·卡斯特罗
塞尔希奥·罗德里格斯·希门尼斯
赫拉尔斯·莫拉斯·费利乌
蒙特塞拉特·苏维拉纳·克莱里克
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Abstract

拉力传感器包括张紧器(1)中的至少一个应变仪(3)，所述张紧器包括直中心区段(11)和两个倾斜的弯曲部(10)，所述两个倾斜的弯曲部的厚度明显比直中心区段的厚度大。所述应变仪(3)布置在所述直中心区段中，以这种方式，张紧器(1)的附接末端(12)上的拉力引起直中心区段的U形形变(4)。本发明还包括连接到所述应变仪(3)的处理模块(5)，适于检测和处理在直中心区段中的弹性形变的数据，所述弹性形变是由所述张紧器的附接末端(12)上的拉伸产生的纵向应力导致的。本发明使得能够生产低成本的便携式无线传感器。

Description

用于记录和监测身体锻炼的拉力传感器
技术领域
本发明包括在健康和高能领域的身体活动和运动训练领域。
本发明涉及一种用于记录和监测身体活动的拉力传感器，其装配有足够精确、最小重量和低成本的应变仪，用于监测和分析身体活动。
本发明的传感器还可以用于其他用途，诸如承载结构形变的测量、物品的称重、材料的投加等。
背景技术
存在用于测量机械拉力的各种解决方案，尽管所有这些解决方案都基于将力转换成形变，随后通过电阻、电容、电感或压电传感器对形变进行计算。
在身体活动和体育领域以及运动训练中，存在几种类型的力转换器。一些装置集成在相当大尺寸的固定机械中，因此无法便携地用于监测在已经为其设计了器械的特定运动中施加的力。
还存在便携式传感器，用于评估由人体或人体的部分施加的力。例如，专利EP0083568B1公开了一种基于应变仪的经典手动单向压缩力传感器。
类似地，专利US5090421公开了一种用于肌肉评估测试的器械，其包括基于应变仪的力转换器，以提供精确的偏转读数，包括在不同方向上施加的力。该器械通过电缆连接到外部装置，计算机，所述计算机收集并显示所获得的力的数据。
文献US4307608A公开了一种器械，其能够数字显示在压缩或牵引中施加的肌肉力的值，并且包括具有电子电路的控制台，所述电子电路接收独立负荷单元的输出信号，所述独立负荷单元经由电缆连接到所述控制台，并且能够通过使用应变仪将刚性物品的弹性形变转换成电性变化。
专利申请文件WO02014125424A1公开了一种用于在悬吊下训练的系统，所述系统还可以包括传感器，所述传感器用于记录在悬吊的身体或身体的一部分的悬吊锻炼期间产生的力(假定为牵引力)，并且通过图形或音频界面与用户或教员交互。此外，用于记录力的传感器可以包括用于确定运动或振动的加速度计，或其他类型的诸如ECG、EMG、心率记录器之类的辅助外部传感器。所述传感器可以与计算机、移动装置或平板交互。
申请US20140148317A1描述了一种用于肌肉锻炼的系统，所述系统包括用于将弹性带附接到固定点的夹具，以及用于将弹性带附接到身体的圆柱形部分(诸如腿或臂)的护套或套管。所述套管具有至少一个附接装置，用于将其锚定到所述弹性带。所述夹具的一部分的形状使得所述弹性带能够螺旋形地或螺旋面地卷起。所述夹具可以包括用于测量拉伸负荷的系统，例如应变仪，以测量在所述弹性带中产生的力的峰值或平均值。
专利申请GB2528234A被认为是“最接近的现有技术”，其公开了一种传感器装置，所述传感器装置包括两个壳体，右壳体和左壳体，每个壳体包含基于负荷单元的力传感器，使得能够单独测量施加在左侧和右侧的力。两个壳体都具有锚定点，以用于将它们附接到外部阻力系统，诸如橡胶带，滑轮等。两个壳体通过枢轴系统或铰链固定在一起，使两个壳体能够旋转并与系统受到的拉力的方向一致。最终附接点能够将装置锚定到任何固定点。由负荷单元提供的记录可以无线地发送到远程装置，诸如计算机或智能手机。与所述装置相关联的软件能够分析记录，并评估由用户执行的活动，以及建议不同的锻炼来改善他的健康状态。
从最接近的现有技术的描述中可以推断，总体上来说，最大的问题是构造具有降低的成本和最小重量(<0.175kg)的传感器系统，而且要足够精确(测量的分辨率<0.3kg)和具有足够的标称负荷能力(高达250kg-300kg)，以无线地监测在一般的力量训练中在动作和锻炼中施加的力的水平。此外，文献GB2528234A公开了一种需要两个应变仪的传感器，这带来了使装置成本更高并且装置管理更复杂的缺点。
因为商用负荷单元成本太高而不能满足应用的要求，并且它们不能适应最小重量和小型尺寸的功能要求，所以排除了对它们的使用。
另一个更具体的问题是设计具有合适形状、材料和尺寸的张紧器，以便以低生产成本满足测量精确度、最小重量和足够功能的要求。
发明内容
本发明的目的是解决上述问题和缺点。为此，如权利要求1所要求保护的，本发明的目的是一种在本文开始处所述类型的用于记录和监测身体锻炼的拉力传感器，其特征本质上在于，所述拉力传感器包括张紧器(执行主要的力-形变转换)，所述张紧器由具有特定弹性常数的硬质材料制成，并且包括直中心区段和两个倾斜的弯曲部，所述两个倾斜的弯曲部的厚度明显比所述直中心区段的厚度大，应变仪设置在所述直中心区段上。张紧器的附接末端处的拉力被转换成所述直中心区段的U形形变，所述形变由应变仪测量。
在权利要求2等等中描述了本发明的优选实施方式。
因此，本发明具有许多创新和有利的特征，特别是因为与现有技术的那些传感器相比，本发明能够制造重量减轻、尺寸减小和轻质材料的单件传感器，不同于已经存在的具有类似功能的传感器，除了其他原因之外，还在于可以通过冲压制造，减少机械化的需要。
本发明的所述传感器系统以降低的成本，基于高精度、高的最大负荷能力和高功能性，结合了许多特征，使得能够无线监测在动态活动和静态活动以及通常的力量训练的锻炼期间施加的拉力水平。
另一竞争优势是迄今为止市场上缺乏诸如本发明的低成本拉力传感器，能够控制装置和管理通过用于移动电话、平板电脑或其他移动装置的应用程序获得的数据。
附图说明
下面对本发明的无线拉力传感器的优选实施方式进行详细的描述；为了更好地理解，附上一组仅用于说明而非限制目的附图，其中：
图1是本发明传感器的张紧器的优选设计的透视图；
图2是图1中的张紧器的图的俯视图；
图3是图1中的张紧器在不受应力时的侧面图；
图4是类似的视图，但是具有施加在张紧器上的由箭头指示的拉力(F)，并且其中可以看到本发明的张紧器的直中心区段的形变；
图5是所述直中心区段的详细侧视图，其中张紧器的两个倾斜的弯曲部的厚度明显比直中心区段的厚度大。注意，直中心区段是用于附接应变仪的部分；
图6是图5中的直中心区段的俯视图；
图7是完整张紧系统的示例的透视图，所述张紧系统包括本发明所要求保护的张紧器，所述张紧器由壳体覆盖；
图8是图7中的张紧系统的分解图，其中壳体被移开，其中描绘了处理模块并且可以看到无线发射器模块；
图9描绘了适用于二头肌弯举的本发明的力传感器系统的使用示例。
具体实施方式
在所述附图中，可以看到本发明的力传感器系统的结构和操作方式。
本发明的力传感器系统包括张紧器(1)，所述张紧器基于具有两个倾斜的弯曲部(10)的直中心区段(11)执行主要的力-形变转换，所述两个倾斜的弯曲部的厚度明显比所述直中心区段(11)的厚度大，所述张紧器由具有特定弹性常数的硬质材料体制成的单体构成，并且所述张紧器可以通过冲压获得。这使得所述张紧器(1)的附接末端(12)处的拉力能够转变成在所述直中心区段(11)处的U形形变(4)，单个形变传感器(诸如应变仪(3))附接到所述直中心区段(11)，进而连接到处理模块(5)，所述处理模块能够检测并处理所述直中心区段(11)的轻微弹性形变的数据，所述轻微弹性形变是由所述张紧器(1)的附接末端(12)的牵引产生的纵向作用导致的。尽管已经考虑了应变仪可以安装在下侧，或甚至安装在两侧的情况(示例未在图中描绘)，但在图6中只描绘了一个示例，其中，所述应变仪安装在所述直中心区段(11)的上侧。
此外，所述力传感器系统的所述张紧器(1)的两个所述附接末端(12)特征在于具有空间，所述空间用于通过常规锚定装置(诸如钩环之类)附接到常规器械和阻力系统，以用于在外部负荷下进行身体训练，诸如带有重力滑轮、弹性带或刚性条带的阻力器械等，以便在悬吊下进行训练悬吊。
根据本发明的基本特征，所述力传感器系统包括处理模块(5)(图8)，所述处理模块连接到所述应变仪(3)，适于检测和处理在所述直中心区段(11)中产生的弹性形变的数据，所述弹性形变是由所述张紧器(1)的所述附接末端(12)的牵引产生的纵向作用导致的。所述处理模块(5)可设置在所述张紧器(1)的所述直中心区段(11)附近。
在图8中，可以看到所述力传感器系统还具有无线发射器模块(13)，所述无线发射器模块将关于弹性形变的数据发送到外部装置，诸如智能手机或平板电脑，或者发送到服务器，所述外部装置或所述服务器处理该数据。该处理优选地由特定应用程序执行，以将信息呈现给用户并将记录的结果保存在所述外部装置中。
与所述处理模块(5)相关联的有：用于所述应变仪(3)的调节器电路、用于存储数据的存储器模块、低功耗无线发射器(蓝牙LE模块)、用于为系统供电的可充电电池、为电池充电的USB端口、三轴加速度计和顺序按钮；所有这些部件，连同所述张紧器(1)的所述直中心区段(11)和所述倾斜的弯曲部(10)，集成在刚性轻质壳体(6)内部的空间中(图7)，形成了紧凑组件，所述紧凑组件隐藏和保护所述张紧器(1)的所述直中心区段(11)和所述处理模块(5)，并为所述力传感器系统提供必要的坚实度以承受在其正常的使用环境中的操作期间的跌落和不希望的冲击。
此外，所述刚性壳体(6)包括两个独立的部分；底部(8)和盖部(9)，所述张紧器(1)和所述处理模块(5)及其所有部件组装在所述底部中；围绕所述盖部边缘呈现橡胶密封系统，以使所述刚性壳体(6)气密封闭，并且由于所述橡胶密封系统的弹性特性，使其能够吸收所述张紧器(1)在其标称工作范围内受到拉力时的必要形变。
考虑到所有这些，获得了一种力传感器系统，所述力传感器系统能够测量在涉及牵引(F)的任何类型的动作中产生的拉力，以及能够通过无线发射器模块(13)将记录的数据实时发送至诸如智能手机或平板电脑之类的外部装置，以通过特定的应用程序进行处理，所述特定的应用程序能够实时向用户呈现结果，以即时反馈所获得的平均力和最大力水平、重复执行的次数、重复执行的节奏或持续时间、以及其他感兴趣的变量。
本发明的所述力传感器系统可以锚定在产生拉力(F)的两个点之间，所述力传感器系统能够在动态条件下测量瞬时拉力水平，其中所述力传感器系统根据产生待测量的拉力的动作或锻炼而移动；或在静态条件下，所述力传感器系统通过所述张紧器(1)的所述附接末端(12)中的一个锚定(例如通过钩环)到产生拉力的不可移动的固定点。
图9描绘了所述力传感器系统应用于在动态条件下记录动作的示例，其中所述力传感器系统通过所述张紧器(1)的附接末端(12)中的一个锚定到弹性带的一个末端，从所述弹性带产生拉力，以及通过所述附接末端(12)中的另一个锚定到受试者的牵引手柄把手。在这种情况下，所述力传感器系统将记录受试者在二头肌弯举锻炼期间在拉伸弹性带时能够施加的牵引力。
另一示例(图中没有描绘)是在静态条件下记录的另一动作，其中所述力传感器系统被所述张紧器(1)的所述附接末端(12)中的一个附接末端锚定到产生拉力的不可移动的固定点，以及被其附接末端(12)中的另一个附接末端锚定到例如链条的一个末端。在这种情况下，所述力传感器系统将记录受试者能够在拉动链条的自由末端时施加的牵引力。
鉴于上述情况，本发明的传感器具有创新和有利的特征，对于已经存在且具有类似功能的装置获得其自身的特性和优先性。根据本发明，提出了一种用于记录拉力的无线传感器系统，以便可以应用于在体育活动和运动领域中可用的各种常规可变阻力器械中，利用这些器械，可以进行具有不同水平拉力的锻炼，获得有利的功能特性，因为传感器的基本部件的结构设计能够获得更低成本和最小重量(<0.175kg)并且在很宽的拉伸范围内具有足够的精确度(标称能力：300kg；测量分辨率：<0.3kg)的传感器系统，并且进一步实现传感器的快速、简单放置和将数据实时无线传输到智能手机或电子平板电脑，所述智能手机或电子平板电脑将通过特定的应用程序对所述信息进行管理，从而对现有技术中出现的问题提供了有效的解决方案。
本发明的目的还可以用于其他应用中，其中可以方便地测量由人或施加低于装置的最大极限的任何其他元件施加的拉力。作为体育锻炼背景之外的其他应用的实际示例，它可以用于对物体进行称重。

Claims (6)

1.一种拉力传感器，所述拉力传感器用于记录和监测身体锻炼，所述拉力传感器配备有至少一个应变仪(3)，其特征在于，所述拉力传感器包括张紧器(1)，所述张紧器(1)由具有特定弹性常数的硬质材料制成，并且所述张紧器包括直中心区段(11)和两个倾斜的弯曲部(10)，所述两个倾斜的弯曲部的厚度明显比所述直中心区段(11)的厚度大，所述应变仪(3)设置在所述直中心区段(11)上，以这样的方式所述张紧器(1)的所述附接末端(12)处的拉力转变成所述直中心区段(11)的U形形变。
2.根据权利要求1所述的传感器，其特征在于，所述传感器包括：
处理模块(5)，所述处理模块连接到所述应变仪(3)，适于检测和处理所述直中心区段(11)中的弹性形变的数据，所述弹性形变由所述张紧器(1)的所述附接末端(12)的牵引产生的纵向作用而导致；以及
无线发射器模块，所述无线发射器模块将关于所述弹性形变的数据发送到处理所述数据的服务器或诸如智能电话或平板电脑之类的外部装置。
3.根据权利要求2所述的传感器，其特征在于，通过用于移动电话或平板电脑的特定应用程序执行所述处理，以将信息呈现给用户并将记录的结果保存在所述外部装置中。
4.根据权利要求2所述的传感器，其特征在于，所述处理模块(5)的部件与所述张紧器(1)的所述直中心区段(11)和所述倾斜的弯曲部(10)一起集成并组装在坚固、刚性、轻质的壳体(6)的内部空间中，以形成紧凑组件，所述紧凑组件隐藏和保护所述张紧器(1)的所述直中心区段(11)和所述处理模块(5)，并为所述传感器系统提供必要的坚实度，以承受在正常的使用环境中在其操作期间的跌落和不希望的冲击。
5.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的传感器，其特征在于，所述传感器包括在张紧器(1)处的附接末端(12)，所述附接末端具有用于锚定钩环、螺纹元件或握柄的空间，以便牢固地附接到用于身体锻炼的常规阻力系统。
6.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的传感器，其特征在于，所述张紧器(1)由金属合金制成。
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