CN110166141B - Device and method for negotiating and controlling bias voltage of optical modulator - Google Patents
Device and method for negotiating and controlling bias voltage of optical modulator Download PDFInfo
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- CN110166141B CN110166141B CN201910376620.8A CN201910376620A CN110166141B CN 110166141 B CN110166141 B CN 110166141B CN 201910376620 A CN201910376620 A CN 201910376620A CN 110166141 B CN110166141 B CN 110166141B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
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Abstract
The invention discloses a negotiation control device and method for bias voltage of an optical modulator, belonging to the field of microwave photon signal processing and comprising a radar control system, a bias voltage control circuit and the optical modulator; the radar control system is used for sending a working instruction to the bias voltage control circuit; the bias voltage control circuit is used for receiving a working instruction of the radar control system and controlling the working mode of the bias voltage control circuit; the optical modulator is used for loading a radio frequency signal onto an optical carrier; the switching period of the working mode of the bias voltage control circuit corresponds to the working period of the optical modulator. The invention utilizes the difference of bias voltage drift of the optical modulator and the radar signal period on the time magnitude, realizes the bias voltage control of the optical modulator in the radar system by introducing bias voltage correction and the switching of the bias voltage maintaining two working modes, and also avoids the difficulty of the common bias voltage control method in the application of the radar system.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of microwave photon signal processing, in particular to a device and a method for negotiating and controlling bias voltage of an optical modulator.
Background
The radar is an important means for people to detect and identify all-weather targets, and with the development of electronic information technology, the frequency band of microwave signals used by a radar system is wider and wider. The traditional electronic method has more and more serious difficulties in realizing the functions of generating, controlling, processing and the like of broadband signals. The microwave photon technology combines the advantage of natural large bandwidth of photonics and becomes an important direction for breaking through the bottleneck of radar broadband signal processing.
In the field of microwave photonic signal processing, whether a simple analog optical transmission link or a complex all-optical sampling system, a modulator is required to load a radio-frequency signal onto an optical carrier. Among them, the most commonly used optical modulators are MZ modulators (mach-zehnder) or double parallel MZ modulators, IQ modulators, etc., which are also based on the principle of MZ interference.
As shown in fig. 4, the MZ modulator work flow is: an input optical field (Ein) is divided into two paths in the modulator, and one path of optical signal is subjected to additional phase modulation through electrodes based on the principle of an electro-optical effect and then is subjected to coherent combination with the other path of optical field to form an output optical field (Eout). When two paths of light fields are output in a coherent mode, the phase modulation loaded with radio frequency signals can be converted into intensity modulation at the output end, and the intensity modulation on the light fields can be converted into electric signals to be output through a Photoelectric Detector (PD) at the rear end; intensity modulation is laser oscillation in which the intensity (light intensity) of an optical carrier varies according to the modulation signal rule, and the laser modulation usually adopts an intensity modulation form, because a receiver (detector) generally directly responds to the variation of the light intensity received by the receiver.
In the field of microwave photonic signal processing, the loaded radio frequency signal is usually a small signal input. The MZ modulator can be adjusted to be in different working states such as a quadrature working point (Quad +, Quad-), a maximum output point (Peak), a minimum output point (NULL) and the like by controlling the Bias voltage (Bias) of the modulator.
Due to the structure of the MZ modulator, the operating point of the MZ modulator may drift slowly with the change of environmental factors such as temperature, and system indexes such as output optical power and rf signal modulation efficiency also drift slowly. In practical use, the operating state of the MZ modulator needs to be maintained by the bias voltage control circuit.
Commonly used MZ modulator bias voltage control methods include a bias control method based on scrambling signal monitoring and a bias control method based on output light intensity monitoring. However, both methods have inherent problems in microwave photon signal processing applied to the radar field:
the scrambling based bias voltage control method introduces additional interference frequencies in the signal. For the traditional optical communication application scene, the interference of the scrambling signal to the communication signal is very small and can be ignored; in the radar signal processing, the system has extremely high sensitivity requirement, and the scrambled signal is superposed on the working frequency of the radar signal and is difficult to remove by filtering, so that the bias voltage control method based on scrambling causes the sensitivity index of the radar receiver to be reduced.
The bias control method based on output light intensity monitoring judges the working point of the modulator through the output light power of the MZ modulator. Echo signals received by the radar are likely to be superposed, so that the average voltage of the received radio frequency signals is not zero, and the average optical power output by the modulator is changed. If a bias control method based on output light intensity monitoring is adopted, the received complex echo signal can interfere with the judgment of the working point of the MZ modulator.
In addition, complex application scenarios such as an optical variable frequency link of a cascaded MZ modulator and the like exist in microwave photon signal processing. When two MZ modulators are used in series, the scrambling frequency of the front modulator can cause interference to the bias voltage control circuit of the rear modulator; if the bias control method of output light intensity monitoring is adopted, the output light power of the front-stage modulator floats and interferes with the bias voltage control circuit of the rear-stage modulator.
Therefore, in the light processing scenario of radar signals, the operating point control for the modulator is different from the traditional optical communication application requirements. The bias voltage control circuit of the modulator is required to be capable of facing complex optical processing chain applications and not to introduce interfering signals resulting in a decrease in system sensitivity.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is as follows: how to better realize the bias voltage control of an optical modulator in a radar system provides a negotiation control device of the bias voltage of the optical modulator.
The invention solves the technical problem through the following technical scheme, and the invention comprises a radar control system, a bias voltage control circuit and an optical modulator;
the radar control system is used for sending a working instruction to the bias voltage control circuit;
the bias voltage control circuit is used for receiving a working instruction of the radar control system and controlling the bias voltage output by the bias voltage control circuit by switching the working mode of the bias voltage control circuit;
the optical modulator is used for loading a radio frequency signal onto an optical carrier;
the working modes of the bias voltage control circuit comprise two modes: one is a correction mode for monitoring and adjusting the working state of the optical modulator in real time, and the other is a holding mode for no longer monitoring the working state of the optical modulator and only maintaining the current direct current bias voltage output;
the radar control system and the optical modulator are electrically connected with the bias voltage control circuit.
Preferably, the switching period of the two working modes of the bias voltage control circuit corresponds to the working period of the optical modulator in the radar system.
A negotiation control method for bias voltage of an optical modulator comprises the following steps:
s101: setting mode switching form
The radar control system sets a mode switching mode of a corresponding bias voltage control circuit in advance according to actual application requirements;
s102: monitoring the operating state of an optical modulator
The bias voltage control circuit monitors the working state of the optical modulator by monitoring the output light field of the optical modulator and determines bias voltages corresponding to each working state of the optical modulator;
s103: controlling bias voltage according to requirement
And the radar control system periodically sends a working instruction to the bias voltage control circuit to change the working mode of the bias voltage control circuit according to the requirement of the preset working mode of the radar, so that the control work of the bias voltage is completed.
Preferably, in step S101, the setting of the contents of the mode switching pattern of the corresponding bias voltage control circuit by the pre-configuration includes: if the bias voltage control circuit is configured as the bias voltage control circuit of the optical modulator at the receiving end, a working instruction is sent to the bias voltage control circuit to enable the bias voltage control circuit to work in a bias voltage correction mode at a signal transmitting stage of a radar pulse period, and a working instruction is sent to the bias voltage control circuit to enable the bias voltage control circuit to work in a bias voltage maintaining mode at a signal receiving stage of the radar pulse period; if the bias voltage control circuit is configured as a bias voltage control circuit of the transmitting end optical modulator, a working instruction is sent to the bias voltage control circuit to enable the bias voltage control circuit to work in a bias voltage maintaining mode in a signal transmitting stage of a radar pulse period, and a working instruction is sent to the bias voltage control circuit to enable the bias voltage control circuit to work in a bias voltage correcting mode in a signal receiving stage of the radar pulse period.
Preferably, in step S102, the method for determining the bias voltage corresponding to each operating state of the optical modulator includes two methods: the method comprises the steps of judging the bias voltage of each working state of the optical modulator through the output optical power of the optical modulator, and determining the magnitude of the bias voltage corresponding to each working state of the current optical modulator through loading a scrambling signal, scanning the bias voltage applied to the optical modulator and detecting the intensity of each order harmonic of the scrambling signal in an optical field output by the optical modulator.
Preferably, in step S103, the operation command includes an offset voltage correction command and an offset voltage holding command, the offset voltage correction command is used to detect and correct the offset voltage output by the offset voltage control circuit, and the offset voltage holding command is used to keep the offset voltage output by the offset voltage control circuit unchanged.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages: the negotiation control device for the bias voltage of the optical modulator utilizes the difference of the bias voltage drift of the optical modulator and the radar signal period on the time magnitude, realizes the bias voltage control of the optical modulator in the radar system by introducing the bias voltage correction and the bias voltage keeping the switching of two working modes, and also avoids the difficulty in the application of the common bias voltage control method in the radar system.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic block flow diagram of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the working flow of the negotiation control device for optical modulator bias voltage based on scrambling signal monitoring according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a signal transmission timing sequence between the radar control system and the bias voltage control circuit of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the operation of the MZ modulator of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The following examples are given for the detailed implementation and specific operation of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited to the following examples.
As shown in fig. 1-3, the present embodiment provides a technical solution: a negotiation control device for bias voltage of an optical modulator comprises a radar control system, a bias voltage control circuit and an MZ modulator, wherein the optical modulator is the MZ modulator;
the radar control system is used for sending a working instruction to the bias voltage control circuit;
the bias voltage control circuit is used for receiving a working instruction of the radar control system and controlling the bias voltage output by the bias voltage control circuit by switching the working mode of the bias voltage control circuit;
the MZ modulator is used for loading a radio frequency signal onto an optical carrier;
the working modes of the bias voltage control circuit comprise two modes: one is a correction mode for monitoring and adjusting the working state of the MZ modulator in real time, and the other is a holding mode for no longer monitoring the working state of the MZ modulator and only maintaining the current DC bias voltage output;
and the radar control system and the MZ modulator are electrically connected with the bias voltage control circuit.
The embodiment also provides a negotiation control method of the bias voltage of the optical modulator, which comprises the following steps:
s101: setting mode switching form
The radar control system sets a mode switching mode of a corresponding bias voltage control circuit in advance according to actual application requirements;
s102: monitoring the operating state of an MZ modulator
The bias voltage control circuit monitors the working state of the MZ modulator by monitoring the output optical field of the MZ modulator, and determines the bias voltage corresponding to each working state of the MZ modulator;
s103: controlling bias voltage according to requirement
And the radar control system periodically sends a working instruction to the bias voltage control circuit to change the working mode of the bias voltage control circuit according to the requirement of the preset working mode of the radar, so that the control work of the bias voltage is completed.
The bias voltage control circuit monitors the working state of the MZ modulator by monitoring the output optical field of the modulator, and can adopt a bias control method based on scrambling signal monitoring and also can adopt a bias control method based on light intensity monitoring.
The bias voltage control circuit comprises two working modes besides the initialization process: the MZ modulator is a hold mode in which the operation state of the MZ modulator is not monitored any more and only the current dc bias voltage output is maintained.
The radar control system sets a mode switching mode of a corresponding bias voltage control circuit in advance according to actual application requirements. If the bias voltage control circuit is configured as a bias voltage control circuit of a receiving end MZ modulator, a working instruction is sent to the bias voltage control circuit to enable the bias voltage control circuit to work in a bias voltage correction mode in a signal transmitting stage of a radar pulse period; and in the signal receiving stage of the radar pulse period, sending a working instruction to the bias voltage control circuit to enable the bias voltage control circuit to work in a bias voltage holding mode. If the bias voltage control circuit is configured as a transmitting-end MZ modulator, the bias voltage control circuit is in a hold mode in a signal transmitting phase and in a correction mode in a signal receiving phase.
The following is the working flow of the negotiation control device of the optical modulator bias voltage based on the scrambling signal monitoring of the invention:
in a system initialization stage, a bias voltage control circuit loads a scrambling signal, scans the bias voltage applied to an MZ modulator and detects the intensity of each order harmonic of the scrambling signal in an output optical field of the modulator to determine the magnitude of the bias voltage corresponding to each working state (orthogonal working point, maximum output point and the like) of the current MZ modulator;
after entering a radar preset working mode, periodically sending a bias voltage correction command and a bias voltage holding command to a bias voltage control circuit by a radar control system according to the preset requirement of the corresponding working mode, and adjusting the bias voltage control circuit to be in the bias voltage correction mode or the bias voltage holding mode according to the command after receiving the working command of the radar control system; in the bias voltage correction mode, transmitting a scrambling signal and correcting the output bias voltage according to the detected bias voltage drift of the MZ modulator, and in the bias voltage holding mode, stopping transmitting the scrambling signal and holding the current bias voltage output unchanged;
by means of the mode of periodically adjusting the working mode according to the instruction, the periodical correction of the bias voltage of the MZ modulator is realized, and it is ensured that no extra interference is introduced to the radar signal or the MZ modulator is influenced by a complex echo signal in the effective working period (the optical processing of the radar signal) of the MZ modulator.
It should be noted that there are two different states of signal transmission and signal reception in the radar system, and the receiving system stops receiving and collecting the echo signal when the signal is transmitted, and the transmitting system also stops transmitting the radar signal when the signal is received. In the transmitting and receiving period of a radar signal, the transmitting time is generally in the order of hundred microseconds, the receiving time is in the order of milliseconds, and the next signal transmitting and receiving period is started after the transmitting and receiving period of a signal is finished. In microwave photonic processing applications of radar signals, MZ modulators are generally used only for the receive chain of the signal. If an MZ modulator is also used in the transmit chain, the transmit chain and the receive chain do not share the same MZ modulator. In addition, there is typically additional blanking time within a radar pulse period in addition to pulse transmission and echo reception. Therefore, there is a certain time in one radar signal period for adjusting the bias voltage of the MZ modulator. The drift of the MZ modulator bias voltage is a slow process compared to the radar signal period, and there is enough time to correct the drift of the MZ modulator bias voltage before it.
When the working modes are switched, the radar control system periodically sends a bias voltage correction command and a bias voltage holding command to the bias voltage control circuit according to the preset requirements of the corresponding working modes; and the bias voltage control circuit receives a working instruction of the radar control system and then adjusts the working instruction into a bias voltage correction mode or a bias voltage holding mode according to the instruction.
As shown in fig. 4, in addition, different operation modes exist in the radar in actual operation, and the operation time of pulse transmission and pulse reception in different modes is different. Therefore, when the radar working mode is switched, the radar control system adjusts the working period of the bias voltage control circuit according to the requirement of the actual working mode. Under different radar working modes, the duration and the repetition period of the bias voltage correction mode and the bias voltage maintaining mode are different.
In summary, the device and method for negotiation control of the bias voltage of the optical modulator in the embodiment utilize the difference between the drift of the bias voltage of the optical modulator and the radar signal period in the time scale, and realize the bias voltage control of the optical modulator in the radar system by introducing the switching of two working modes of bias voltage correction and bias voltage maintenance, thereby avoiding the difficulty in the application of the common bias voltage control method in the radar system.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents and improvements made within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. A negotiation control device for bias voltage of an optical modulator is characterized by comprising a radar control system, a bias voltage control circuit and the optical modulator;
the radar control system is used for sending a working instruction to the bias voltage control circuit;
the bias voltage control circuit is used for receiving a working instruction of the radar control system and controlling the bias voltage output by the bias voltage control circuit by switching the working mode of the bias voltage control circuit;
the optical modulator is used for loading a radio frequency signal onto an optical carrier;
the working modes of the bias voltage control circuit comprise two modes: one is a correction mode for monitoring and adjusting the working state of the optical modulator in real time, and the other is a holding mode for no longer monitoring the working state of the optical modulator and only maintaining the current direct current bias voltage output;
the radar control system and the optical modulator are electrically connected with the bias voltage control circuit.
2. An apparatus for negotiating a bias voltage for an optical modulator according to claim 1, wherein: the switching period of the working mode of the bias voltage control circuit corresponds to the working period of an optical modulator in the radar system.
3. An optical modulator bias voltage negotiation control method, wherein the optical modulator bias voltage negotiation control apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 2 is used, comprising the steps of:
s101: setting mode switching form
The radar control system sets a mode switching mode of a corresponding bias voltage control circuit in advance according to actual application requirements;
s102: monitoring the operating state of an optical modulator
The bias voltage control circuit monitors the working state of the optical modulator by monitoring the output light field of the optical modulator and determines bias voltages corresponding to each working state of the optical modulator;
s103: controlling bias voltage according to requirement
And the radar control system periodically sends a working instruction to the bias voltage control circuit to change the working mode of the bias voltage control circuit according to the requirement of the preset working mode of the radar, so that the control work of the bias voltage is completed.
4. A method of negotiating control of a bias voltage for an optical modulator according to claim 3, wherein: in step S101, setting the contents of the mode switching form of the corresponding bias voltage control circuit by pre-configuration includes: if the bias voltage control circuit is configured as the bias voltage control circuit of the optical modulator at the receiving end, a working instruction is sent to the bias voltage control circuit to enable the bias voltage control circuit to work in a bias voltage correction mode at a signal transmitting stage of a radar pulse period, and a working instruction is sent to the bias voltage control circuit to enable the bias voltage control circuit to work in a bias voltage maintaining mode at a signal receiving stage of the radar pulse period; if the bias voltage control circuit is configured as a bias voltage control circuit of the transmitting end optical modulator, a working instruction is sent to the bias voltage control circuit to enable the bias voltage control circuit to work in a bias voltage maintaining mode in a signal transmitting stage of a radar pulse period, and a working instruction is sent to the bias voltage control circuit to enable the bias voltage control circuit to work in a bias voltage correcting mode in a signal receiving stage of the radar pulse period.
5. A method of negotiating control of a bias voltage for an optical modulator according to claim 3, wherein: in step S102, the method for determining the bias voltage corresponding to each operating state of the optical modulator includes two methods: the method comprises the steps of judging the bias voltage of each working state of the optical modulator through the output optical power of the optical modulator, and determining the magnitude of the bias voltage corresponding to each working state of the current optical modulator through loading a scrambling signal, scanning the bias voltage applied to the optical modulator and detecting the intensity of each order harmonic of the scrambling signal in an optical field output by the optical modulator.
6. A method of negotiating control of a bias voltage for an optical modulator according to claim 3, wherein: in step S103, the work instruction includes an offset voltage correction command for detecting and correcting the offset voltage output by the offset voltage control circuit and an offset voltage holding command for holding the offset voltage output by the offset voltage control circuit constant.
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