CN110165330A - A kind of batteries of electric automobile heat management system and method based on memorial alloy - Google Patents

A kind of batteries of electric automobile heat management system and method based on memorial alloy Download PDF

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Publication number
CN110165330A
CN110165330A CN201910528535.9A CN201910528535A CN110165330A CN 110165330 A CN110165330 A CN 110165330A CN 201910528535 A CN201910528535 A CN 201910528535A CN 110165330 A CN110165330 A CN 110165330A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
battery
plate
memorial alloy
battery modules
heat
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Granted
Application number
CN201910528535.9A
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Chinese (zh)
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CN110165330B (en
Inventor
王亚楠
王晨浩
王正坤
李华
厉青峰
练晨
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Shandong University
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Shandong University
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Priority to CN201910528535.9A priority Critical patent/CN110165330B/en
Publication of CN110165330A publication Critical patent/CN110165330A/en
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Classifications

    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60LPROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L58/00Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
    • B60L58/10Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
    • B60L58/24Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries for controlling the temperature of batteries
    • B60L58/26Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries for controlling the temperature of batteries by cooling
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/61Types of temperature control
    • H01M10/613Cooling or keeping cold
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/61Types of temperature control
    • H01M10/617Types of temperature control for achieving uniformity or desired distribution of temperature
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/62Heating or cooling; Temperature control specially adapted for specific applications
    • H01M10/625Vehicles
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/63Control systems
    • H01M10/637Control systems characterised by the use of reversible temperature-sensitive devices, e.g. NTC, PTC or bimetal devices; characterised by control of the internal current flowing through the cells, e.g. by switching
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/65Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
    • H01M10/653Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells characterised by electrically insulating or thermally conductive materials
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/65Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
    • H01M10/655Solid structures for heat exchange or heat conduction
    • H01M10/6554Rods or plates
    • H01M10/6555Rods or plates arranged between the cells
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/65Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
    • H01M10/655Solid structures for heat exchange or heat conduction
    • H01M10/6556Solid parts with flow channel passages or pipes for heat exchange
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/65Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
    • H01M10/656Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells characterised by the type of heat-exchange fluid
    • H01M10/6567Liquids
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M2220/00Batteries for particular applications
    • H01M2220/20Batteries in motive systems, e.g. vehicle, ship, plane
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10Energy storage using batteries
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02TCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/70Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries

Abstract

Present disclose provides a kind of batteries of electric automobile heat management system and method based on memorial alloy, including battery case, if accommodating the identical variable heat transfer coefficient heat collecting module of stem structure in the battery case, variable heat transfer coefficient heat collecting module is successively arranged side by side, variable heat transfer coefficient heat collection unit is formed, and edge is connect by sliding rail with the inner wall of the battery case;Variable heat transfer coefficient heat collecting module includes two arranged side by side, collecting plates with certain intervals, being arranged side by side between two collecting plates has several battery cells, the end of two collecting plates passes through memorial alloy plate connection respectively, and the memorial alloy plate is in close contact with corresponding battery cell, elastic component is additionally provided between two collecting plates, the spacing between two collecting plates can follow the size variation of memorial alloy plate and change.Can be according to the temperature automatic adjustment specific heat load of battery system, while the temperature consistency inside battery system is improved, and structure is simple, energy consumption is lower.

Description

A kind of batteries of electric automobile heat management system and method based on memorial alloy
Technical field
The disclosure belongs to technical field of battery management, and in particular to a kind of batteries of electric automobile heat pipe based on memorial alloy Manage system and method.
Background technique
Only there is provided background technical informations relevant to the disclosure for the statement of this part, it is not necessary to so constitute first skill Art.
As the power resources of electric car, the performance of electrokinetic cell system and vehicle is closely related.In electric car, Each battery cell is usually formed into battery modules in the form of series and parallel, multiple battery modules group in the form of series and parallel again At battery system, for providing suitable voltage and enough electricity.Due to the performance of battery cell and its internal electrochemistry Reaction process is related, therefore battery system could only obtain best working condition in certain temperature range;Battery simultaneously Between each battery modules in system, between each battery cell and battery cell itself should also be as keep temperature consistency, from And each position of each battery cell and battery cell is made to obtain identical aging speed, to improve the whole longevity of battery system Life.But during electric car is run or is charged, electrochemical reaction and battery cell itself inside battery cell Internal resistance will cause the fever of battery cell, increase so as to cause battery modules and the temperature of battery system;Battery cell difference portion The calorific value difference of position and the calorific value of each battery cell are different, and can reduce between each battery modules in battery system, Between each battery cell and the temperature consistency of battery cell itself.Three battery cell, battery modules and battery system levels Under temperature increase and temperature the inconsistent performance for eventually resulting in battery cell, battery modules and battery system and use the longevity Life decline, or even thermal runaway can be caused, seriously threaten the life and property safety of driver and passenger.It is therefore desirable to use heat management System carries out temperature control, on the one hand rationally effective heat dissipation is carried out according to the different of applying working condition, by battery cell, battery mould Group and the temperature of battery system control in reasonable range, on the other hand improve battery cell, battery modules and battery system Temperature consistency, while as far as possible reduce heat management system complexity and energy consumption, to reduce production cost and subtract The small influence to electric car course continuation mileage.
Understand according to inventor, the power battery thermal management system used on electric car at present mainly has air-cooled and liquid cooling Two kinds of formula, but only focus on control temperature range mostly or improve the one aspect of temperature consistency, while control system is logical Often complex, reliability is lower, energy consumption and higher cost.As Chinese patent CN208460930U provides a kind of liquid cooling Formula power battery thermal management system can make electricity by cooling down in the liquid cooling plate of battery bottom and side arrangement to battery Pond reaches operating temperature ratings in a short time, but since the flow of each liquid cooling plate is identical, it can not be according to each electricity The practical heat condition of Chi Mo group is targetedly radiated, and when some battery modules calorific value is larger, can destroy electricity Temperature consistency between Chi Mo group;Only there are two types of operating modes for the system simultaneously, it is difficult to according to different applying working conditions to electricity The temperature of cell system is targetedly adjusted;In addition the number of sensors in system is more, and production cost is higher.
Summary of the invention
The disclosure to solve the above-mentioned problems, proposes a kind of batteries of electric automobile heat management system based on memorial alloy And method, the disclosure can be according to the temperature automatic adjustment specific heat load of battery system, while improving the temperature inside battery system Consistency is spent, and structure is simple, energy consumption is lower.
According to some embodiments, the disclosure is adopted the following technical scheme that
A kind of batteries of electric automobile holding mechanism based on memorial alloy, including battery case accommodate in the battery case If the identical variable heat transfer coefficient heat collecting module of stem structure, the variable heat transfer coefficient heat collecting module are successively arranged side by side, formed Variable heat transfer coefficient heat collection unit, and the edge of the variable heat transfer coefficient heat collection unit passes through sliding rail and the battery case Inner wall connection;
The variable heat transfer coefficient heat collecting module includes two arranged side by side, collecting plates with certain intervals, two collection The battery modules being made of several battery cells side by side are provided between hot plate, the end of two collecting plates passes through a note respectively Recall alloy sheets connection, and the memorial alloy plate is in close contact with the side of corresponding battery modules, between two collecting plates also It is provided with elastic component, the spacing between two collecting plates can follow the length of memorial alloy plate to change and change.
In above scheme, contacted by the side of corresponding battery modules with memorial alloy plate, when the temperature of battery modules When lower, due to memorial alloy plate, there are certain gap between the collecting plate and battery modules of each module, heat transfer coefficient compared with Small, specific heat load is lower;When battery modules temperature is higher, memorial alloy plate Phase change shrinkage, the collecting plate and electricity of each module It is directly contacted between Chi Mo group, heat transfer coefficient is larger, and specific heat load is higher.
Using elastic component, separates collecting plate with battery modules when battery modules temperature is reduced, reduce memorial alloy The compression of intralamellar part, by can be changed heat transfer coefficient heat collecting module, in the case where not increasing temperature sensor and control mechanism Realize the function of automatically controlling specific heat load.
As a kind of possible embodiment, spacer pin, the collection are provided in the sliding rail at least one sliding rail The limiting slot to match with the spacer pin is provided on hot plate, to limit the sliding stroke of collecting plate.
As a kind of possible embodiment, the collecting plate is the plate made of Heat Conduction Material, and the edge of plate is distinguished It is provided with sliding-rail groove, the size of sliding-rail groove and position are matched with the sliding rail respectively.
As a kind of possible embodiment, the battery case includes Battery case and battery box cover, the Battery case The movable connection between battery box cover.
As a kind of possible embodiment, the elastic component includes pedestal and return spring, is provided on the pedestal Through-hole, and pedestal is provided with close to the side of battery modules and accommodates at least part of groove of memorial alloy plate;The return spring Through-hole on pedestal, the both ends of return spring are abutted with corresponding collecting plate respectively.
It is limited as further, the initial length of the memorial alloy plate at room temperature is greater than the thickness of battery modules.
As a kind of possible embodiment, it contacts with each other and connects by heat-conducting glue between each battery cell.
A kind of batteries of electric automobile heat management system based on memorial alloy, including above-mentioned holding mechanism and battery management system Unite ECU, and liquid cooling plate, the liquid cooling plate and each variable one side contacts of heat transfer coefficient heat collecting module, institute is arranged in the battery case bottom It states liquid cooling plate and is internally provided with cooling liquid flowing channel, surface is provided with temperature sensor, the flow velocity of the coolant liquid in cooling liquid flowing channel It is controlled by electronic pump, the temperature sensor, electronic pump are connect with the battery management system ECU.
Above scheme perceives the coolant temperature in liquid cooling plate by temperature sensor and signal is reached battery management system Unite ECU, and the temperature that battery management system ECU is monitored according to temperature sensor adjusts the flow of cooling liquid flowing channel in real time, into one Step carries out heat management.
As a kind of possible embodiment, the battery lower box part is provided at least two through-holes, with to liquid cooling plate Coolant duct conveys/export coolant liquid.
As a kind of possible embodiment, the cooling liquid outlet of the liquid cooling plate and the through-hole on Battery case Coolant duct connection, coolant duct couple with radiator, and radiator is coupled by coolant duct with water tank, and water tank passes through Coolant duct couples with electronic pump, electronic pump by pass through Battery case on through-hole coolant duct and liquid cooling plate it is cold But liquid entrance connects, and forms circulating cooling system.
As a kind of possible embodiment, each battery modules are contacted and are connected with the liquid cooling plate by heat-conducting glue It connects.
Working method based on above system, when the temperature of battery modules is less than the first setting value, electronics air pump inoperative, Deformation occurs for the memorial alloy plate, there is gap between battery modules and collecting plate;
When the temperature of battery modules is greater than the first setting value, and is less than the second setting value, the memorial alloy plate is not sent out Raw deformation, there is a gap between battery modules and collecting plate, electronics pump work in first flow state, battery modules by with liquid cooling The contact surface of plate radiates;
When the temperature of battery modules is greater than the second setting value, and is less than third setting value, the memorial alloy plate occurs Deformation, battery modules and collecting plate contact, electronics pump work pass through the contact with liquid cooling plate in first flow state, battery modules The heat dissipation of the contact surface of face and collecting plate;
When the temperature of battery modules is greater than third setting value, deformation occurs for the memorial alloy plate, battery modules sum aggregate Hot plate contact, electronics pump work in second flow state, battery modules by with the contact of the contact surface of liquid cooling plate and collecting plate Face heat dissipation.
Compared with prior art, the disclosure has the beneficial effect that
1. making battery cell by making to contact with each other and connect by heat-conducting glue between each battery cell in battery modules The heat of generation can be transmitted by battery case, enhance the temperature consistency in battery modules between each battery cell;
2. can make by making the battery cell in battery modules erect installation, and by the side of each battery cell and lower part For radiating surface, the heat dissipation effect of battery cell and battery modules is enhanced;
3. making collecting plate reach the second setting value and third in the temperature of battery modules by memorial alloy plate and each sliding rail It is contacted automatically with battery modules when setting value, the heat dissipation effect of battery cell and battery modules when further enhancing high temperature;
4. the collecting plate being made from a material that be thermally conductive contacted when passing through high temperature with battery modules, the heat for generating battery cell Amount can be transmitted by collecting plate, temperature consistency when further enhancing high temperature in battery modules between each battery cell;
5. separating collecting plate with battery modules when battery modules temperature is lower than the second setting value by elastic component, drop The low compression of memorial alloy intralamellar part, extends the service life of memorial alloy plate;
6. being designed by the structure that can be changed heat transfer coefficient heat collecting module, in the feelings for not increasing temperature sensor and control mechanism The function of automatically controlling specific heat load is realized under condition, is simplified Control system architecture, is reduced costs;
7. due to mutually indepedent between each variable heat transfer coefficient heat collecting module, when temperature change occurs in some battery modules When change, which can independently carry out the adjusting of specific heat load to the battery modules, without influencing it The specific heat load of his battery modules enhances the temperature consistency between each battery modules;
8. realizing four kinds not by battery management system ECU, circulating cooling system and variable heat transfer coefficient heat collecting module Same radiating mode, enhances the function of heat management system, realizes better temperature control effect.
Detailed description of the invention
The Figure of description for constituting a part of this disclosure is used to provide further understanding of the disclosure, and the disclosure is shown Meaning property embodiment and its explanation do not constitute the improper restriction to the disclosure for explaining the disclosure.
Fig. 1 is the axonometric drawing of the present embodiment overall structure appearance;
Fig. 2 is that the present embodiment is applied to remove the integrally-built perspective view of the explosion of Battery case when 12 battery cells;
Fig. 3 is the structural schematic diagram that the present embodiment is applied to variable heat transfer coefficient heat collecting module when 12 battery cells;
Fig. 4 is the perspective view of the explosion that the present embodiment is applied to variable heat transfer coefficient heat collecting module when 12 battery cells;
Fig. 5 is the variable heat transfer coefficient of memorial alloy contains 3 battery cells composition battery modules when deformation occurs The structural schematic diagram of heat collecting module;
Fig. 6 is the axonometric schematic diagram one of collecting plate;
Fig. 7 is the axonometric schematic diagram two of collecting plate;
Fig. 8 is the axonometric schematic diagram of memorial alloy plate;
Fig. 9 is the axonometric schematic diagram of liquid cooling plate;
Figure 10 is the installation relation schematic diagram of battery box cover and upper sliding rail;
Figure 11 is the axonometric schematic diagram of elastic component;
Figure 12 is the axonometric schematic diagram of pedestal;
Figure 13 is the schematic diagram of electronic control system;
Figure 14 is the schematic diagram of circulating cooling system.
Wherein, 1, Battery case, 1-1, through-hole, 1-2, through-hole;
2, battery box cover;
3, liquid cooling plate, 3-1, coolant inlet, 3-2, cooling liquid outlet, 3-3, groove;
4-1, variable heat transfer coefficient heat collecting module, 4-1-1, battery cell, 4-1-2, battery cell, 4-1-3, battery list Body, 4-1-4, collecting plate, 4-1-4-1, limiting slot, 4-1-4-2, limiting slot, 4-1-4-3, location hole, 4-1-4-4, location hole, 4-1-4-5, location hole, 4-1-4-6, location hole, 4-1-5, collecting plate, 4-1-6, memorial alloy plate, 4-1-7, memorial alloy plate, 4-1-8, elastic component, 4-1-8-1, return spring, 4-1-8-2, return spring, 4-1-8-3, pedestal, 4-1-9, elastic component, 4-2, Variable heat transfer coefficient heat collecting module, 4-3, variable heat transfer coefficient heat collecting module, 4-4, variable heat transfer coefficient heat collecting module;
5, temperature sensor;
6-1, glidepath, 6-1-1, spacer pin, 6-1-2, spacer pin, 6-1-3, spacer pin, 6-2, glidepath, 6-2-1, limit Position pin, 6-2-2, spacer pin, 6-2-3, spacer pin;
7-1, upper sliding rail, 7-2, upper sliding rail;
8, battery management system ECU;
9, electronic pump;
10, water tank;
11, radiator.
Specific embodiment:
The disclosure is described further with embodiment with reference to the accompanying drawing.
It is noted that following detailed description is all illustrative, it is intended to provide further instruction to the disclosure.Unless another It indicates, all technical and scientific terms used herein has usual with disclosure person of an ordinary skill in the technical field The identical meanings of understanding.
It should be noted that term used herein above is merely to describe specific embodiment, and be not intended to restricted root According to the illustrative embodiments of the disclosure.As used herein, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, otherwise singular Also it is intended to include plural form, additionally, it should be understood that, when in the present specification using term "comprising" and/or " packet Include " when, indicate existing characteristics, step, operation, device, component and/or their combination.
In the disclosure, term for example "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "front", "rear", "vertical", "horizontal", " side ", The orientation or positional relationship of the instructions such as "bottom" is to be based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, only to facilitate describing this public affairs The relative for opening each component or component structure relationship and determination, not refers in particular to either component or element in the disclosure, cannot understand For the limitation to the disclosure.
In the disclosure, term such as " affixed ", " connected ", " connection " be shall be understood in a broad sense, and indicate may be a fixed connection, It is also possible to be integrally connected or is detachably connected;It can be directly connected, it can also be indirectly connected through an intermediary.For The related scientific research of this field or technical staff can determine the concrete meaning of above-mentioned term in the disclosure as the case may be, It should not be understood as the limitation to the disclosure.
Simultaneously, it should be noted that the quantity of battery cell in the quantity and battery modules of the battery modules of the disclosure It can change, certainly, when battery modules and the change of the quantity of battery cell, liquid cooling plate, variable heat transfer coefficient collection hot-die Block, sliding rail, Battery case, battery box cover size carry out suitability variation with battery modules and the quantity of battery cell.
The disclosure provides a kind of battery thermal management system, specifically includes Battery case, battery box cover, liquid cooling plate, variable biography Hot coefficient heat collecting module, upper sliding rail, glidepath, spacer pin, temperature sensor, electronic pump, water tank, radiator and coolant pipe Road, and connect with battery management system ECU.
Battery case is oblong openings shell, and there are two for installing the logical of coolant duct for Battery case lower front Hole, the position of through-hole are matched with the coolant inlet on liquid cooling plate and cooling liquid outlet;Battery case is made of heat-barrier material.
Battery box cover is rectangular slab, and size is matched with Battery case outer wall;The lower surface front and rear sides of battery box cover is pacified Equipped with upper sliding rail;Battery box cover is made of heat-barrier material.
Liquid cooling plate is rectangular slab, and size is matched with Battery case inner wall bottom surface;Liquid cooling plate is internally provided with cooling liquid stream Road, leading flank are provided with coolant inlet and cooling liquid outlet, and upper surface is provided with rectangular recess, the length and width of groove It is matched with battery modules lower dimension;The front of liquid cooling plate upper surface is provided with temperature sensor;Liquid cooling plate is by Heat Conduction Material system At.
Variable heat transfer coefficient heat collecting module is made of collecting plate, memorial alloy plate, elastic component and battery modules;
Collecting plate is the solid slab made of Heat Conduction Material, is arranged in the arranged on left and right sides of battery modules, size with The left and right side of battery modules matches;The four corners of collecting plate are respectively arranged with sliding-rail groove and downslide track slot, size and position It is matched respectively with upper sliding rail and glidepath;The position of downslide track slot is provided with appearance in the side that collecting plate is not contacted with battery Receive the limiting slot of spacer pin, size and position are matched with the spacer pin being mounted on glidepath, to limit the sliding of collecting plate Stroke;Location hole is arranged in four corners in the side that collecting plate is contacted with battery, and size and position are matched with return spring;
Memorial alloy plate be memorial alloy made of " Fang " shape plate, be separately mounted to battery modules two sides collecting plate it Between, and couple with collecting plate, while being in close contact with the forward and backward side of battery modules;Memorial alloy plate at room temperature initial Length is greater than the thickness of the forward and backward side of battery modules;
Elastic component is made of pedestal and return spring.Be provided with through-hole on the pedestal, pedestal close to battery modules one Side is provided with the rectangular recess for accommodating memorial alloy plate;The return spring passes through the through-hole on pedestal, and both ends are mounted on battery Positioning hole on the collecting plate of mould group two sides;Pedestal is mounted on glidepath;
Upper sliding rail and glidepath are " Fang " shape track, and upper sliding rail is mounted on the front and rear sides of battery box cover lower surface, under Sliding rail is mounted on the front and rear sides of liquid cooling plate upper surface, is provided on the glidepath on front side of liquid cooling plate upper surface and accommodates temperature biography The through-hole of sensor, lead to the hole site are matched with the temperature sensor on liquid cooling plate;
Spacer pin is mounted on glidepath, the middle position between two groups of battery modules, for limiting the sliding of collecting plate Stroke.
When installation, the lower part of every group of battery cell is put into the rectangular recess on liquid cooling plate and forms battery modules;Often The lower part of battery cell passes through heat-conducting glue in a battery modules and the inner surface of rectangular recess is connected and is in close contact, each The forward and backward side of battery cell is connected with each other and is in close contact by heat-conducting glue in battery modules;Rectangular recess is to battery The front, rear, left and right side of mould group lower part and bottom surface limit;Glidepath is installed in liquid cooling plate front and rear sides, is put on glidepath Set collecting plate, on collecting plate install memorial alloy plate, the memorial alloy plate of each battery modules front and rear sides respectively with battery The forward and backward side of mould group contacts, and collecting plate bottom surface is contacted with the upper surface of liquid cooling plate;Elastic component and limit are installed on glidepath The positioning hole on collecting plate is inserted at position pin, the both ends of return spring, and the pedestal of elastic component is further to the forward and backward of battery modules Side limit;The assembly that liquid cooling plate, battery modules, glidepath, collecting plate, memorial alloy plate, elastic component, spacer pin are formed Entirety is put into Battery case, and the battery box cover for being equipped with upper sliding rail is coupled with Battery case upper surface and seals composition battery Packet;It is coated with lubricating oil on upper sliding rail and glidepath, to reduce frictional resistance when collecting plate sliding.
Temperature sensor and electronic pump are connect with battery management system ECU respectively, form electronic control system;
The cooling liquid outlet of liquid cooling plate couple with the coolant duct of through-hole passed through on Battery case, coolant duct and Radiator connection, radiator are coupled by coolant duct with water tank, and water tank is coupled by coolant duct with electronic pump, electronics Pump is connected by the coolant inlet of the coolant duct and liquid cooling plate that pass through the through-hole on Battery case, forms circulating cooling system System.
Specifically, as shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2, the present embodiment is combined with battery cell, by Battery case 1, battery box cover 2, liquid Cold plate 3 can be changed heat transfer coefficient heat collecting module 4-1 to 4-4, upper sliding rail 7-1 and 7-2, glidepath 6-1 and 6-2, spacer pin 6-1-1 To 6-1-3 and 6-2-1 to 6-2-3, temperature sensor 5, electronic pump 9, water tank 10, radiator 11, coolant duct composition, and with The connection of battery management system ECU 8.
As shown in Figure 1, the Battery case 1 is oblong openings shell, there are two for pacifying for 1 lower front of Battery case Fill the through-hole (1-1,1-2) of coolant duct, the position of through-hole and coolant inlet 3-1 and cooling liquid outlet on liquid cooling plate 3 3-2 matching;Battery case 1 is made of heat-barrier material.
The battery box cover 2 is rectangular slab, and size is matched with 1 outer wall of Battery case;Before the lower surface of battery box cover 2, Two sides are equipped with sliding rail (7-1,7-2) afterwards;Battery box cover 2 is made of heat-barrier material.
As shown in Figure 1, Figure 2, shown in Fig. 9, the liquid cooling plate 3 is rectangular slab, and size is matched with 1 inner wall bottom surface of Battery case; Liquid cooling plate 3 is internally provided with cooling liquid flowing channel, and leading flank is provided with coolant inlet 3-1 and cooling liquid outlet 3-2, and upper surface is set It is equipped with one group of rectangular recess 3-3, the length and width of groove 3-3 is matched with battery modules lower dimension;3 upper surface of liquid cooling plate Front be provided with temperature sensor 5;Liquid cooling plate 3 is made from a material that be thermally conductive.
As shown in figure 1, figure 2, figure 3, figure 4 and figure 5, the variable heat transfer coefficient heat collecting module 4-1 to 4-4 by collecting plate, Memorial alloy plate, elastic component and battery modules composition;The variable heat transfer coefficient heat collecting module 4-1 is by battery cell 4-1-1, electricity Pond monomer 4-1-2, battery cell 4-1-3, collecting plate 4-1-4, collecting plate 4-1-5, memorial alloy plate 4-1-6, memorial alloy plate 4-1-7, elastic component 4-1-8, elastic component 4-1-9 composition.
As shown in Fig. 4, Fig. 5, Fig. 6, Fig. 7, the collecting plate (4-1-4,4-1-5) is the solid slab made of Heat Conduction Material Material, is arranged in the arranged on left and right sides of battery modules, and size is matched with the left and right side of battery modules;Collecting plate (4-1-4, Four corners 4-1-5) are respectively arranged with sliding-rail groove and downslide track slot, size and position respectively with upper sliding rail (7-1,7-2) and Glidepath (6-1,6-2) matching;It is not contacted with battery modules (4-1-1,4-1-2,4-1-3) in collecting plate (4-1-4,4-1-5) Side the limiting slot (4-1-4-1,4-1-4-2) for accommodating spacer pin, size and position are provided with close to the position of downslide track slot It is matched with the spacer pin (6-1-1,6-2-1) being mounted on glidepath (6-1,6-2), to limit the sliding of collecting plate 4-1-4 Stroke;Four corners in the side that collecting plate (4-1-4,4-1-5) is contacted with battery modules (4-1-1,4-1-2,4-1-3) are arranged Location hole (4-1-4-3,4-1-4-4,4-1-4-5,4-1-4-6), size and position are matched with return spring;The collecting plate (4-1-4,4-1-5) is for absorbing cell heat and conducting heat to liquid cooling plate 3.
As shown in Fig. 4, Fig. 5, Fig. 8, the memorial alloy plate (4-1-6,4-1-7) is " Fang " shape made of memorial alloy Plate is separately mounted between the collecting plate (4-1-4,4-1-5) of battery modules two sides, and is joined with collecting plate (4-1-4,4-1-5) It connects, while being in close contact with the forward and backward side of battery modules;The initial length of memorial alloy plate at room temperature is greater than battery modules The thickness of forward and backward side;Preferably, the memorial alloy plate is made of Ultimum Ti, and phase transition temperature is controlled at 40 DEG C.
As shown in Fig. 4, Fig. 5, Figure 11, Figure 12, the elastic parts (4-1-8,4-1-9) is by pedestal 4-1-8-3 and return Spring (4-1-8-1,4-1-8-2) composition.Through-hole is provided on the pedestal 4-1-8-3, pedestal is close to the side of battery modules It is provided with the rectangular recess for accommodating memorial alloy plate 4-1-6;The return spring (4-1-8-1,4-1-8-2) passes through pedestal 4-1- Through-hole on 8-3, both ends are mounted on the positioning hole on the collecting plate (4-1-4,4-1-5) of battery modules two sides;Pedestal 4-1- 8-3 is mounted on glidepath 6-1;
As shown in Figure 1, Figure 2, shown in Figure 10, the upper sliding rail (7-1,7-2) and glidepath (6-1,6-2) are " Fang " shape rail Road, upper sliding rail (7-1,7-2) are mounted on the front and rear sides of 2 lower surface of battery box cover, and glidepath (6-1,6-2) is mounted on liquid cooling The front and rear sides of 3 upper surface of plate is provided on the glidepath 6-1 on front side of 3 upper surface of liquid cooling plate and accommodates the logical of temperature sensor 5 Hole, lead to the hole site are matched with the temperature sensor 5 on liquid cooling plate 3;
As shown in Fig. 2, the spacer pin (6-1-1,6-1-2,6-1-3,6-2-1,6-2-2,6-2-3) is mounted on glidepath On (6-1,6-2), middle position between two groups of battery modules, for limiting the sliding stroke of collecting plate.
When installation, the rectangle that the lower part of every group of battery cell (4-1-1,4-1-2,4-1-3) is put on liquid cooling plate 3 is recessed Battery modules are formed in slot 3-3;The lower part of battery cell (4-1-1,4-1-2,4-1-3) passes through thermally conductive in each battery modules Glue connect and is in close contact with the inner surface of rectangular recess 3-3, battery cell (4-1-1,4-1-2,4- in each battery modules Forward and backward side 1-3) is connected with each other and is in close contact by heat-conducting glue;Rectangular recess 3-3 is to battery modules lower part Front, rear, left and right side and bottom surface limit;3 front and rear sides of liquid cooling plate install glidepath (6-1,6-2), glidepath (6-1, Collecting plate (4-1-4,4-1-5) is placed on 6-2), memorial alloy plate (4-1-6,4- are installed on collecting plate (4-1-4,4-1-5) 1-7), the memorial alloy plate (4-1-6,4-1-7) of battery modules front and rear sides is contacted with the forward and backward side of battery modules respectively, Collecting plate (4-1-4,4-1-5) bottom surface is contacted with the upper surface of liquid cooling plate 3;Elastic component is installed on glidepath (6-1,6-2) (4-1-8,4-1-9) and spacer pin (6-1-1,6-1-2,6-1-3,6-2-1,6-2-2,6-2-3), return spring (4-1-8-1, The positioning hole in both ends insertion collecting plate (4-1-4,4-1-5) 4-1-8-2), the pedestal of elastic component (4-1-8,4-1-9) into One step limits the forward and backward side of battery modules, by liquid cooling plate 3, battery modules, glidepath (6-1,6-2), collecting plate (4-1- 4,4-1-5), memorial alloy plate (4-1-6,4-1-7), elastic component (4-1-8,4-1-9), spacer pin (6-1-1,6-1-2,6-1- 3,6-2-1,6-2-2,6-2-3) composition assembly be integrally put into Battery case 1, sliding rail (7-1,7-2) will be installed Battery box cover 2 couples with 1 upper surface of Battery case and seals composition battery pack;Upper sliding rail (7-1,7-2) and glidepath (6-1, Lubricating oil is coated on 6-2), to reduce frictional resistance when collecting plate (4-1-4,4-1-5) sliding.
The temperature sensor 5 and electronic pump 9 couple with battery management system ECU 8 respectively, form electronic control system;
The cooling liquid outlet 3-2 of the liquid cooling plate 3 couples with the coolant duct for passing through the through-hole 1-2 on Battery case 1, Coolant duct couples with radiator 11, and radiator 11 is coupled by coolant duct with water tank 10, and water tank 10 passes through coolant liquid Pipeline couples with electronic pump 9, the coolant duct and liquid cooling plate 3 that electronic pump 9 passes through the through-hole 1-1 on Battery case 1 Coolant inlet 3-1 connection forms circulating cooling system.
The present embodiment is applied to course of work when 12 battery cells:
Different according to the temperature of battery modules, the present embodiment shares 4 kinds of operating modes, low temperature, medium temperature, high temperature and high Temperature.
By taking variable heat transfer coefficient heat collecting module 4-1 as an example.When the temperature of battery modules is in low temperature and middle temperature state, There are the gaps of 0.5~1mm between battery cell (4-1-1,4-1-2,4-1-3) and collecting plate (4-1-4,4-1-5), electric at this time Heat transfer coefficient between pond monomer (4-1-1,4-1-2,4-1-3) and collecting plate (4-1-4,4-1-5) is smaller, specific heat load compared with It is low.When the temperature of battery modules is in high temperature and high temperature state, memorial alloy plate 4-1-6 and 4-1-7 reach phase transition temperature And shrink, pull collecting plate (4-1-4,4-1-5) to overcome the active force of return spring along glidepath (6-1,6-2) and upper cunning Rail (7-1,7-2) is close to battery modules (4-1-1,4-1-2,4-1-3), and finally with battery modules (4-1-1,4-1-2,4- 1-3) contact, at this time the heat transfer coefficient between battery modules (4-1-1,4-1-2,4-1-3) and collecting plate (4-1-4,4-1-5) compared with Greatly, specific heat load is higher.When the temperature of battery modules comes back to low temperature and middle temperature state, memorial alloy plate 4-1-6 and 4- 1-7 quickly resiles under the action of the return spring, battery modules (4-1-1,4-1-2,4-1-3) and collecting plate (4-1-4, Gap between 4-1-5) is restored under the action of the return spring, and specific heat load reduces.Variable heat transfer coefficient heat collecting module 4-2, The course of work of 4-3 and 4-4 is similar with variable heat transfer coefficient heat collecting module 4-1.Between each variable heat transfer coefficient heat collecting module Independently of each other, when high temperature occurs in some battery modules, which can be only to the battery modules The vertical adjusting for carrying out specific heat load, the heat dissipation effect without influencing other battery modules enhance between each battery modules Temperature consistency;
Temperature sensor 5 can perceive the coolant temperature in liquid cooling plate 3 and signal is reached battery management system ECU8, When the temperature that temperature sensor 5 monitors is in low-temperature condition, battery management system ECU controls electronic pump 9 and closes, liquid cooling plate Coolant liquid in 3 does not recycle;When the mild condition of high temperature during the temperature that temperature sensor 5 monitors is in, battery management system ECU8 control electronic pump 9 is opened and maintains minimum flow, and the coolant liquid supplied by water tank 10 is through electronic pump 9, coolant inlet 3-1 Into the cooling liquid flowing channel of liquid cooling plate 3, the heat that coolant liquid absorbs liquid cooling plate 3 flows out battery case through cooling liquid outlet 3-2 after Then body flows into radiator 11 through coolant duct, using 11 reflow tank of radiator.It is monitored when temperature sensor 5 When temperature is in high temperature state, battery management system ECU8 control electronic pump 9 is opened and is monitored according to temperature sensor 5 Temperature adjusts the flow of electronic pump 9 in real time, and temperature is higher, and flow is bigger.
In summary it can be changed the course of work of heat transfer coefficient heat collecting module and electronic pump, the present embodiment can realize following 4 kinds Operating mode: when the temperature that temperature sensor monitors is in low-temperature condition, electronics air pump inoperative, battery modules and collecting plate Between have gap, specific heat load is smaller at this time;When the temperature that temperature sensor monitors is in middle temperature state, electronic pump is opened And minimum flow is maintained, there is gap between battery modules and collecting plate, battery mainly passes through contact of the bottom with liquid cooling plate at this time Face heat dissipation, specific heat load are moderate;When some battery modules temperature reaches a high temperature state, electronic pump is still opened and is maintained most Low discharge, the battery modules and collecting plate contact, heat further can be reached liquid cooling by collecting plate by battery modules at this time Plate, specific heat load is higher, and other battery modules still maintain moderate specific heat load;When the temperature that temperature sensor monitors When in high temperature state, the flow of electronic pump is increased, and coolant liquid circulation is accelerated, and system can quickly cool down for battery, effectively Ground inhibits the raising of battery temperature, and specific heat load is high.The working condition of each variable heat transfer coefficient heat collecting module is mutually indepedent, can To automatically adjust specific heat load according to the temperature conditions of corresponding battery modules, thus the temperature one between effectively improving battery modules Cause property.
The foregoing is merely preferred embodiment of the present disclosure, are not limited to the disclosure, for the skill of this field For art personnel, the disclosure can have various modifications and variations.It is all within the spirit and principle of the disclosure, it is made any to repair Change, equivalent replacement, improvement etc., should be included within the protection scope of the disclosure.
Although above-mentioned be described in conjunction with specific embodiment of the attached drawing to the disclosure, model not is protected to the disclosure The limitation enclosed, those skilled in the art should understand that, on the basis of the technical solution of the disclosure, those skilled in the art are not Need to make the creative labor the various modifications or changes that can be made still within the protection scope of the disclosure.

Claims (10)

1. a kind of batteries of electric automobile holding mechanism based on memorial alloy, it is characterized in that: including battery case, in the battery case If accommodating the identical variable heat transfer coefficient heat collecting module of stem structure, the variable heat transfer coefficient heat collecting module is successively set side by side Set, form variable heat transfer coefficient heat collection unit, and the edge of the variable heat transfer coefficient heat collection unit by sliding rail with it is described The inner wall of battery case connects;
The variable heat transfer coefficient heat collecting module includes two arranged side by side, collecting plates with certain intervals, two collecting plates Between be provided with the battery modules being made of several battery cells side by side, the end of two collecting plates passes through memory conjunction respectively Golden plate connection, and the memorial alloy plate is in close contact with the side of corresponding battery modules, is also set up between two collecting plates Flexible part, the spacing between two collecting plates can follow the length of memorial alloy plate to change and change.
2. a kind of batteries of electric automobile holding mechanism based on memorial alloy as described in claim 1, it is characterized in that: the cunning Spacer pin is provided in rail at least one sliding rail, the limit to match with the spacer pin is provided on the collecting plate Slot, to limit the sliding stroke of collecting plate.
3. a kind of batteries of electric automobile holding mechanism based on memorial alloy as described in claim 1, it is characterized in that: the collection Hot plate is the plate made of Heat Conduction Material, and the edge of plate is respectively arranged with sliding-rail groove, the size of sliding-rail groove and position respectively with The sliding rail matching.
4. a kind of batteries of electric automobile holding mechanism based on memorial alloy as described in claim 1, it is characterized in that: the electricity Pond case includes Battery case and battery box cover, movable connection between the Battery case and battery box cover.
5. a kind of batteries of electric automobile holding mechanism based on memorial alloy as described in claim 1, it is characterized in that: the bullet Property part includes pedestal and return spring, through-hole is provided on the pedestal, and pedestal is provided with receiving close to the side of battery modules At least part of groove of memorial alloy plate;The return spring pass through pedestal on through-hole, the both ends of return spring respectively with Corresponding collecting plate abuts.
6. a kind of batteries of electric automobile holding mechanism based on memorial alloy as described in claim 1, it is characterized in that: the note Recall the thickness that the initial length of alloy sheets at room temperature is greater than battery modules.
7. a kind of batteries of electric automobile heat management system based on memorial alloy, it is characterized in that: including any in claim 1-6 Liquid cooling plate is arranged in holding mechanism and battery management system ECU described in, the battery case bottom, and the liquid cooling plate can be changed with each One side contacts of heat transfer coefficient heat collecting module, the liquid cooling plate are internally provided with cooling liquid flowing channel, and surface is provided with temperature sensor, The flow velocity of coolant liquid in cooling liquid flowing channel is controlled by electronic pump, the temperature sensor, electronic pump and the battery management system System ECU connection.
8. a kind of batteries of electric automobile heat management system based on memorial alloy as claimed in claim 7, it is characterized in that: described Battery lower box part is provided at least two through-holes, with conveyed to the coolant duct of liquid cooling plate/export coolant liquid;
Or, the cooling liquid outlet of the liquid cooling plate couples with the coolant duct for passing through the through-hole on Battery case, coolant pipe Road couples with radiator, and radiator is coupled by coolant duct with water tank, and water tank is coupled by coolant duct with electronic pump, Electronic pump is connected by the coolant inlet of the coolant duct and liquid cooling plate that pass through the through-hole on Battery case, and composition circulation is cold But system.
9. a kind of batteries of electric automobile heat management system based on memorial alloy as claimed in claim 7, it is characterized in that: each It contacts with each other and connects by heat-conducting glue between battery cell;
Or/and each battery modules are contacted and are connected with the liquid cooling plate by heat-conducting glue.
10. based on the working method of system of any of claims 1-9, it is characterized in that: working as the temperature of battery modules When less than the first setting value, electronics air pump inoperative, deformation occurs for the memorial alloy plate, has between battery modules and collecting plate Gap;
When the temperature of battery modules is greater than the first setting value, and is less than the second setting value, shape does not occur for the memorial alloy plate Become, there is gap between battery modules and collecting plate, electronics pump work in first flow state, battery modules by with liquid cooling plate Contact surface heat dissipation;
When the temperature of battery modules is greater than the second setting value, and is less than third setting value, deformation occurs for the memorial alloy plate, Battery modules and collecting plate contact, electronics pump work in first flow state, battery modules by contact surface with liquid cooling plate and The contact surface of collecting plate radiates;
When the temperature of battery modules is greater than third setting value, deformation occurs for the memorial alloy plate, battery modules and collecting plate Contact, electronics pump work are dissipated in second flow state, battery modules by the contact surface of contact surface and collecting plate with liquid cooling plate Heat.
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CN114825784A (en) * 2022-04-12 2022-07-29 常州市南方电机有限公司 Asynchronous motor work abnormity detection device and method
CN114825784B (en) * 2022-04-12 2022-11-04 常州市南方电机有限公司 Asynchronous motor work abnormity detection device and method
CN115882120A (en) * 2022-09-23 2023-03-31 四川新能源汽车创新中心有限公司 Temperature control device and battery module

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