CN110163384A - A method of calculating the crane periodic maintenance period - Google Patents
A method of calculating the crane periodic maintenance period Download PDFInfo
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- CN110163384A CN110163384A CN201910359417.XA CN201910359417A CN110163384A CN 110163384 A CN110163384 A CN 110163384A CN 201910359417 A CN201910359417 A CN 201910359417A CN 110163384 A CN110163384 A CN 110163384A
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- maintenance
- crane
- periodic maintenance
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- period
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06Q—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES; SYSTEMS OR METHODS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G06Q10/00—Administration; Management
- G06Q10/06—Resources, workflows, human or project management; Enterprise or organisation planning; Enterprise or organisation modelling
- G06Q10/063—Operations research, analysis or management
- G06Q10/0639—Performance analysis of employees; Performance analysis of enterprise or organisation operations
- G06Q10/06393—Score-carding, benchmarking or key performance indicator [KPI] analysis
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06Q—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES; SYSTEMS OR METHODS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G06Q10/00—Administration; Management
- G06Q10/20—Administration of product repair or maintenance
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of methods for calculating the crane periodic maintenance period, including one: determining the life distribution function of the crane；Two: knowing average scheduled maintenance time Tp, mean failure rate unscheduled maintenance time Tf, average periodic maintenance expense CpWith average unscheduled maintenance expense Cf, the maintenance cycle T of the crane under availability maximum principle and maintenance cost minimum principle can be calculated separately out by Matlab1And T2；Three: Consideration collection U={ u1,u2, in conjunction with experience and expertise, common protocol formulates u1To the different degree A in periodic maintenance period1And u2To the different degree A in periodic maintenance period2, by A1And A2Normalized obtains u1WeightAnd u2WeightStep 4: in the periodic maintenance period of fusion availability and maintenance cost, obtain the crane periodic maintenance period are as follows:
Description
Technical field
The invention discloses it is a kind of calculate the crane periodic maintenance period method, can be used for crane daily management and
Maintenance policy development.
Background technique
The common maintenance mode of crane at present can be divided into correction maintenance, periodically dimension according to the time that maintenance behavior occurs
It repairs and condition maintenarnce three classes.Correction maintenance is a kind of non-prevention type unscheduled maintenance, can just be taken only after breaking down corresponding
Maintenance measures.Periodic maintenance and condition maintenarnce are all the maintenances of prevention type, when wherein periodic maintenance is usually the operation with equipment
Between be used as judgment basis, condition maintenarnce is then to decide whether to repair according to the actual motion state of equipment.
In theory, condition maintenarnce is a kind of optimal maintenance mode, but needs to monitor crane using this method
The real-time running data of each subsystem, the operating status amount of crane before being occurred by failure, according to certain evaluation criteria and
Algorithm decides whether to repair.Due at present to crane operating status monitoring technology and failure anticipation technology it is not yet complete
It is complete universal, therefore the periodic maintenance in the maintenance of prevention type is widely used in production.But current crane periodic maintenance when
Between the determination that is spaced there is no a good methods, most of enterprise is all by virtue of experience to have carried out corresponding regulation.
For the daily management of the crane of enterprise, how to determine that the periodic maintenance period of equipment is most important
's.The determination of this time interval can be most common to have equipment availability maximum principle and maintenance cost according to a variety of methods
Use minimum principle.The availability of equipment refers to the accounting of the mean up time of equipment in a duty cycle, and availability is most
Big principle is to determine the periodic maintenance period of equipment by calculating the maximum availability of equipment.The maintenance cost of equipment includes
Periodic maintenance expense, unscheduled maintenance expense and maintenance shutdown loss, maintenance cost minimum principle are the minimums by calculating equipment
Maintenance cost is used to determine the periodic maintenance period of equipment.But two methods have certain limitation to determine maintenance cycle all.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of method for calculating the crane periodic maintenance period, solution in the prior art may be used
Expenditure maximum principle is to determine the periodic maintenance period of equipment by calculating the maximum availability of equipment.The maintenance cost of equipment
It include periodic maintenance expense, unscheduled maintenance expense and maintenance shutdown loss, maintenance cost minimum principle is by calculating equipment
Minimal maintenance expenses determine periodic maintenance period of equipment.But two methods have certain office to determine maintenance cycle all
Sex-limited technical problem.
In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problem the present invention, is achieved through the following technical solutions:
A method of calculating the crane periodic maintenance period, comprising:
Step 1: the form parameter β of the crane in periodic maintenance period to be calculated is obtained by document or experience, scale ginseng
Number α, determines the life distribution function of the crane；
Step 2: knowing average scheduled maintenance time T according to the type of crane and previous service experiencep, mean failure rate
Unscheduled maintenance time Tf, average periodic maintenance expense CpWith average unscheduled maintenance expense Cf, can be calculated separately out by Matlab
The maintenance cycle T of crane under availability maximum principle and maintenance cost minimum principle1And T2；
Step 3: Consideration collection U={ u1,u2, wherein u1For availability maximum principle factor, u2Most for maintenance cost
Small principle factor, determines the fuzzy set of element in set of factors U, and then in conjunction with experience and expertise, common protocol formulates u1
To the different degree A in periodic maintenance period1And u2To the different degree A in periodic maintenance period2, by A1And A2Normalized obtains u1
WeightAnd u2Weight
Step 4: in the periodic maintenance period of fusion availability and maintenance cost, obtain the crane periodic maintenance period are as follows:
The present invention is under the premise of guaranteeing equipment normal use, to reduce the maintenance cost of equipment as far as possible and improve equipment
Availability this principle based on, calculated using fuzzy theory, comprehensively consider equipment availability and maintenance and detection two fingers
Mark calculates the periodic maintenance period for obtaining crane.The method of the invention has comprehensively considered equipment availability and maintenance cost
Two factors can effectively promote enterprise's crane safety management level, ensure equipment safety and promote production stability.
It is further improved, in the step 1, distribution function F (t) and failure rate function λ (t) are respectively as follows:
It is further improved, the maintenance cycle T of crane under availability maximum principle described in second step1Meet:
Wherein:
λ (t) is equipment failure rate function,Indicate T1The number that period internal fault occurs, TpAveragely periodically to tie up
It repairs the time, TfFor the mean failure rate unscheduled maintenance time.
It is further improved, the maintenance cycle T of crane under maintenance cost minimum principle described in second step2Meet:
Wherein:
λ (t) is equipment failure rate function,Indicate T2The number that period internal fault occurs, CpAveragely periodically to tie up
Repair expense, CfFor average unscheduled maintenance expense.
It is further improved, in the third step:
(1) fuzzy set of element in set of factors U is determined:
I.e. by the common deliberation of the person of appraising through discussion, the principal element in u1 and u2 is determined；
(2) each person of appraising through discussion Pj(j=1,2,3 ..., n) assigns another influence factor according to respective cognition
Value: it is denoted asN is positive integer, indicates the quantity of the person of appraising through discussion；
(3) degree of membership is found out
The sum of the degree of membership of ai: two factors,
The degree of membership of two factors is normalized, the weight fuzzy set of two principles is obtained:
The beneficial effects of the present invention are:
The method of the invention has comprehensively considered two factors of equipment availability and maintenance cost, is calculated using fuzzy theory
The periodic maintenance period for obtaining crane can effectively promote enterprise's crane safety management level, ensure equipment safety and rush
Into production stability.
Specific embodiment
To keep the purpose of the present invention and technical solution clearer, below in conjunction with the embodiment of the present invention to skill of the invention
Art scheme is clearly and completely described.
Wherein T is maintenance cycle, T=T1+T2, TpFor time used in a periodic maintenance, TfFor a unscheduled maintenance institute
Time.
Current enterprise is usually used the prevention type based on periodic maintenance to lifting equipment and repairs, when crane reaches maintenance
When cycle T, with regard to carrying out periodic maintenance.As a certain moment T in maintenance cycle1(T1< T) it breaks down, then to failure lifting
Machine places under repair, the performance before making equipment be restored to failure.At this point, because typically just break down to the maintenance of crane
Part, thus theoretically the working time of crane cannot start from scratch calculation, and in stream time T2=T-T1Shi Jinhang is fixed
Phase maintenance, i.e., contained T in next duty cycle T1Inside.
It is simple only to determine that maintenance cycle is often unable to get with a certain principle in the maintenance process of practical crane
Preferable repairing benefit.The maintenance of equipment principle of current main-stream is reduced as far as possible under the premise of guaranteeing equipment normal use
The maintenance cost of equipment and the availability for improving equipment.The present invention is calculated according to this principle using fuzzy theory, is comprehensively considered
Equipment availability and maintenance and detection two indices calculate the periodic maintenance period for obtaining crane.
1, the periodic maintenance period is determined with Maximal Availability principle
By taking the crane duty cycle as an example, T is enabledpFor average scheduled maintenance time, TfFor the mean failure rate unscheduled maintenance time,
Therefore, the average down time in each cycle T (Mean Down Time, MDT) are as follows:
Wherein,Indicate the number that the period internal fault occurs.
In one cycle, mean up time (Mean Up Time, MUT) is MUT=T, available according to crane
Spend (A) is defined as:
To keep availability maximum, to above formula derivation and makeOptimal maintenance intervals time satisfaction can be obtained:
Equipment failure rate function lambda (t) is increasing function, and Tp< TfWhen, it is just meaningful that periodic maintenance is carried out at this stage.
2, the periodic maintenance period is determined with maintenance of equipment expense minimum principle
The maintenance cost of crane is made of periodic maintenance expense, unscheduled maintenance expense and shutdown loss three parts.Due to
Shutdown loss is only related with downtime, therefore can be by loss and unscheduled maintenance caused by the periodic maintenance process in shutdown loss
It loses and is included in periodic maintenance expense and unscheduled maintenance expense respectively caused by period.
In cycle T, C is rememberedpFor average periodic maintenance expense, CfFor average unscheduled maintenance expense, C under normal conditionsp<
Cf, then total cost C is repaired in the unit time are as follows:
In order to find out maintenance cycle T when maintenance total cost C minimum, to above formula derivation, enableThen optimal dimension
It repairs cycle T and meets equation:
Or
For early fault period,I.e.Then T can not acquire reasonable solution.For loss event
The barrier phase,I.e.It can be in the hope of the reasonable solution in repairing type preventive maintenance period, therefore, as long as Cp、
CfWith λ (t) it is known that best periodic maintenance period when repairing total cost minimum can be acquired by formula (13).
3, the crane periodic maintenance period calculation method of two principles is merged
Determine set of factors U={ u1,u2, wherein u1For availability index, u2For maintenance cost index.Then, according to fuzzy
The absolute comparison method of decision obtains the maintenance cycle of crane, whereinIt is fuzzy set to be determined.
Specific step is as follows:
(1) index γ ∈ (1,2) is determined, so that:
I.e. by the common deliberation of the person of appraising through discussion, the principal element in u1 and u2 is determined.
(2) each person of appraising through discussion Pj(j=1,2,3 ..., n) assigns another influence factor according to respective cognition
Value: it is denoted asN is positive integer, indicates the quantity of the person of appraising through discussion；
(3) degree of membership is found out
The sum of the degree of membership of ai: two factors,
The degree of membership of two factors is normalized, the weight fuzzy set of two principles is obtained:
(4) the crane periodic maintenance period is obtained:
T: the crane periodic maintenance period of two principles of fusion；
Ti: a kind of crane periodic maintenance period of principle is respectively adopted.
Do not done in the present invention illustrate be the prior art or can be realized by the prior art, and the present invention
Described in specific implementation case be only preferable case study on implementation of the invention, practical range not for the purpose of limiting the invention.
Equivalent changes and modifications made by i.e. all contents according to scope of the present invention patent all should be used as technology scope of the invention.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of method for calculating the crane periodic maintenance period characterized by comprising
Step 1: the form parameter β of the crane in periodic maintenance period to be calculated, scale parameter α are obtained by document or experience,
Determine the life distribution function of the crane；
Step 2: knowing average scheduled maintenance time T according to the type of crane and previous service experiencep, mean failure rate reparation
Maintenance time Tf, average periodic maintenance expense CpWith average unscheduled maintenance expense Cf, can be calculated separately out by Matlab available
Spend the maintenance cycle T of crane under maximum principle and maintenance cost minimum principle1And T2；
Step 3: Consideration collection U={ u1,u2, wherein u1For availability maximum principle factor, u2For maintenance cost minimum principle
Factor determines the fuzzy set of element in set of factors U, and then in conjunction with experience and expertise, common protocol formulates u1To regular
The different degree A of maintenance cycle1And u2To the different degree A in periodic maintenance period2, by A1And A2Normalized obtains u1WeightAnd u2Weight
Step 4: in the periodic maintenance period of fusion availability and maintenance cost, obtain the crane periodic maintenance period are as follows:
2. a kind of method for calculating the crane periodic maintenance period according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the step
In one, distribution function F (t) and failure rate function λ (t) are respectively as follows:
。
3. a kind of method for calculating the crane periodic maintenance period according to claim 2, which is characterized in that second step institute
State the maintenance cycle T of crane under availability maximum principle1Meet:
Wherein:
λ (t) is equipment failure rate function,Indicate T1The number that period internal fault occurs, TpWhen for average periodic maintenance
Between, TfFor the mean failure rate unscheduled maintenance time.
4. a kind of method for calculating the crane periodic maintenance period according to claim 3, which is characterized in that second step institute
State the maintenance cycle T of crane under maintenance cost minimum principle2Meet:
Wherein:
λ (t) is equipment failure rate function,Indicate T2The number that period internal fault occurs, CpFor average periodic maintenance expense
With CfFor average unscheduled maintenance expense.
5. a kind of method for calculating the crane periodic maintenance period according to claim 4, which is characterized in that the third
In step:
(1) fuzzy set of element in set of factors U is determined:
I.e. by the common deliberation of the person of appraising through discussion, the principal element in u1 and u2 is determined；
(2) each person of appraising through discussion Pj(j=1,2,3 ..., n) carries out assignment according to respective cognition, to another influence factor: being denoted asN is positive integer, indicates the quantity of the person of appraising through discussion；
(3) degree of membership is found out
The sum of the degree of membership of ai: two factors,
The degree of membership of two factors is normalized, the weight fuzzy set of two principles is obtained:
。
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115994750A (en) * | 2022-12-27 | 2023-04-21 | 山东大学 | MMC optimal maintenance period selection method and system |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115994750A (en) * | 2022-12-27 | 2023-04-21 | 山东大学 | MMC optimal maintenance period selection method and system |
| CN115994750B (en) * | 2022-12-27 | 2023-08-04 | 山东大学 | MMC optimal maintenance period selection method and system |
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