CN110161242B - EETs、sEH、sEH抑制剂在慢性心力衰竭中的应用 - Google Patents
EETs、sEH、sEH抑制剂在慢性心力衰竭中的应用 Download PDFInfo
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- CN110161242B CN110161242B CN201910434961.6A CN201910434961A CN110161242B CN 110161242 B CN110161242 B CN 110161242B CN 201910434961 A CN201910434961 A CN 201910434961A CN 110161242 B CN110161242 B CN 110161242B
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Abstract
本发明公开了EETs、sEH及sEH抑制剂在慢性心力衰竭中的应用,属于心血管疾病的诊断、预防和治疗领域,本发明发现了两种新的生物标志物‑EETs和sEH,并证实了它们在慢性心力衰竭中起诊断生物标志物的作用,以及其作为药物靶标在预防、缓解和/或改善慢性心力衰竭的作用;因此通过检测EETs和sEH水平,可用来预测和协助诊断慢性心力衰竭或评估慢性心力衰竭的预后,同时通过药物控制EETs水平,可以对疾病进行更强化的诊断和后续治疗,在临床上有巨大的应用价值。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及心血管疾病的诊断、预防、治疗领域,特别涉及一种EETs、sEH、sEH抑制剂在慢性心力衰竭中的应用。
背景技术
心力衰竭是不同心血管系统疾病导致心肌损害发展到终末阶段的临床综合征,其主要病理生理特点为心室充盈和射血能力受损,最后导致心室泵血功能低下,其预后不良,死亡率高,是威胁人类健康和导致医疗负担增加的最主要病因之一,对于人口老龄化日益加重的中国来说尤为重要,目前是国人最主要的死亡原因,占总死亡40%以上,是威胁人类健康和导致医疗负担增加的最主要病因之一。然而,近20年来,心力衰竭的治疗方案并无明显进展,新的治疗靶点和药物寥寥无几。由于缺乏有效的抑制心肌重构和心力衰竭进展的治疗方法,心力衰竭患者5年生存率仍不足50%,猝死发病率并未下降。因此,亟待充分研究和认识慢性心力衰竭的发病机制,寻找新的治疗靶标和采用更加有效的措施改善或延缓心衰的进展,降低心衰的死亡率和住院率;另一方面,慢性心力衰竭的危险因素并未完全阐明,因此需要寻找新的危险因素。
花生四烯酸(arachidonic acid,ARA)是生物体内最为丰富的物质之一。经过CYP表氧化酶代谢产生四种不同的环氧二十碳三烯酸(epoxyeicosatrienoic acids,EETs),EETs通过可溶性表氧化物水解酶(sEH)被降解为无活性的产物DHETs。CYP表氧化酶-EETs在体内与sEH构成一个完整的系统而发挥作用,即CYP-EETs-sEH系统。
研究已经证明,EETs具有广泛的生物学功能,包括舒张血管、血管内皮细胞保护、抑制血管平滑肌迁移、抗血管炎症损伤、保护肾脏和改善代谢等作用。其中表氧化酶-EETs系统对心肌具有显著的保护作用:CYP2J2心肌特异性转基因可以通过改善心肌糖代谢减轻糖尿病心肌病造成的心肌损伤;CYP2J2-EETs通过抑制NF-κB途径调控巨噬细胞极化改善LPS诱导的炎症反应造成的急性心肌损伤。
但没有研究揭示CYP-EETs-sEH系统在慢性心力衰竭中的作用,且缺乏相应的人群研究。本发明中,申请人在大样本临床慢性心力衰竭的患者中,对EETs和sEH表达水平进行了检测,并在心衰模式动物中对sEH抑制剂的作用进行了检测,确定了CYP-EETs-sEH系统在慢性心力衰竭中的应用,为预防、缓解和/或治疗慢性心力衰竭提供了理论基础及循证依据。
发明内容
本发明针对现有技术中慢性心力衰竭诊断和治疗困难,风险评估不足的问题,发现了两种新的生物标志物-EETs和sEH,并证实了它们与慢性心力衰竭发病的相关性,以及其作为药物靶标在预防、缓解和/或改善慢性心力衰竭的作用;因此通过试剂盒检测EETs和sEH水平,可用来预测和协助诊断慢性心力衰竭或评估慢性心力衰竭的预后,并通过药物控制EETs水平,以对疾病进行更强化的诊断和后续治疗,在临床上有巨大的应用价值。
本发明的目的一是提供一种对慢性心力衰竭进行诊断和/或预后评估的生物标志物,所述生物标志物包括:EETs、sEH中的一种或两种。EETs为epoxyeicosatrienoic acids,即环氧二十碳三烯酸,sEH即可溶性表氧化物水解酶。
本发明的进一步设置为:所述慢性心力衰竭包括先天性心脏病、冠心病、急性心肌梗死、风心病、高血压、心律失常、各种病因导致的心肌炎、心肌病等病因导致的慢性心力衰竭。
本发明目的二是提供一种上述的生物标志物在制备对慢性心力衰竭进行诊断和/或预后评估的试剂或试剂盒中的应用。
本发明的进一步设置为:通过检测人体离体血浆环氧二十碳三烯酸和可溶性表氧化物水解酶表达水平,若人体内血浆环氧二十碳三烯酸水平显著降低或可溶性表氧化物水解酶表达水平显著升高,认为该人体存在慢性心力衰竭和/或预后较差。
通过采用上述技术方案:本申请通过大样本临床试验,发现慢性心律衰竭患者中血浆EETs浓度显著降低且sEH水平升高,证实了EETs和/或sEH可以作为生物标志物用于诊断慢性心力衰竭疾病。因此,通过检测血浆中EETs和/或sEH的水平可用来预测和协助诊断慢性心力衰竭或评估慢性心力衰竭的预后。
本发明的目的三是提供一种EETs和/或sEH作为生物标志物在对慢性心力衰竭进行诊断和/或预后评估中的应用。
本发明的目的四是提供一种EETs和/或sEH作为药物靶标在制备预防、缓解和/或改善慢性心力衰竭药物中的应用。
本发明的进一步设置为:通过抑制慢性心力衰竭患者血浆中的高水平sEH,达到预防、缓解和/或改善慢性心力衰竭的作用。
本发明的进一步设置为:通过sEH抑制剂增加慢性心力衰竭患者血浆中的EETs水平,从而达到在预防、缓解和/或改善慢性心力衰竭的作用。
本发明的目的五是提供一种sEH抑制剂在制备预防、缓解和/或改善慢性心力衰竭药物中的应用。
本发明的进一步设置为:所述sEH抑制剂为12-(3-金刚烷-1-基脲基)十二酸。
通过采用上述技术方案,12-(3-金刚烷-1-基脲基)十二酸即AUDA。
本发明的有益效果是:
1.本发明通过大量实验证实了EETs与慢性心力衰竭的关联性,血浆EETs水平在慢性心律衰竭患者中显著下降,而血浆sEH活性水平在慢性心律衰竭患者中显著升高,提示EETs可以作为生物标志物,因此,制备检测EETs和sEH的试剂或试剂盒,通过检测离体血浆中EETs和/或sEH的水平可用来预测和协助诊断慢性心力衰竭或评估慢性心力衰竭的预后,检测手段快速、方便,大大提高了慢性心力衰竭诊断以及预后评估的效率和准确性,以便对疾病进行更强化的诊断和后续治疗,在临床上有巨大的应用价值。
2.本发明不仅为慢性心力衰竭提供了新的诊断方式,而且也提供了一种新的慢性心力衰竭的治疗靶标,sEH抑制剂通过抑制sEH的活性,升高慢性心力衰竭患者血浆中的EETs水平,改善慢性心力衰竭的心肌损伤,有助于预防、缓解和改善慢性心力衰竭,大大的减少慢性心衰患者的住院死亡率。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例中的技术方案,下面将对实施例描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍,显而易见地,下面描述中的附图仅仅是本发明的一些实施例,对于本领域普通技术人员来讲,在不付出创造性劳动的前提下,还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图1.对照人群及慢性心力衰竭患者外周血中EETs及其代谢产物DHET含量。
图2.对照人群及慢性心力衰竭患者外周血中sEH活性水平。
图3.对照人群及慢性心力衰竭患者心脏中sEH蛋白表达水平。
图4.实施例3中sEH活性检测结果,苯丙肾上腺素(Phenylephrine,PE)可诱导心肌细胞中sEH活性增高,而AUDA可以抑制这种效应。
图5.实施例3的心室重塑生物标志物mRNA检测结果,PE诱导的心肌细胞重塑可被sEH抑制剂AUDA缓解。
图6.实施例3的细胞凋亡检测结果,PE诱导的心肌细胞凋亡可被sEH抑制剂AUDA缓解。
图7.实施例3的抗氧化应激活性检测结果,PE诱导的心肌细胞抗氧化应激活性下降可被sEH抑制剂AUDA缓解。
图8.实施例3的氧化应激反应检测结果,PE诱导的心肌细胞氧化应激反应可被sEH抑制剂AUDA缓解。
图9.实施例3的线粒体功能检测结果,PE诱导的心肌细胞线粒体功能障碍可被sEH抑制剂AUDA缓解。
图10.主动脉缩窄术(TAC)导致的慢性心力衰竭小鼠的心脏中,EETs水平明显下降,sEH活性增高,而AUDA可以抑制这种效应。
图11.TAC导致的慢性心力衰竭小鼠的心功能损伤可被sEH抑制剂AUDA缓解。
图12.TAC导致的慢性心力衰竭小鼠的心肌肥厚损伤可被sEH抑制剂AUDA缓解。
图13.TAC导致的慢性心力衰竭小鼠的心肌纤维化损伤可被sEH抑制剂AUDA缓解。
具体实施方式
下面将结合具体实施例对本发明的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述。显然,所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明的一部分实施例,而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明的实施例,本领域普通技术人员在没有作出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例,都属于本发明保护的范围。
实施例1
慢性心力衰竭患者外周血中EETs含量降低,sEH活性增高
研究人群和研究设计:从2008年1月到2017年3月,同时在两个医学中心(湖北省武汉市华中科技大学同济医学院附属同济医院、河北石家庄河北医科大学附属第二医院)连续收录慢性心力衰竭的住院患者。入选标准包括:年龄大于18岁,心衰NYHA分级II-IV。心衰的诊断是在体格检查、实验室检查、心脏彩超的基础上根据ACC/AHA的诊断标准和步骤来确定。排除标准包括:严重的瓣膜病导致的心衰;患者合并危及生命的并发症如严重的肝功能不良、肾功能不良;恶性肿瘤患者生存时间小于1年;二度或三度房室传导阻滞(患者已行起搏器植入术除外);急性心肌梗死或一个月内发生的不稳定心绞痛。
EETs及其代谢产物DHETs水平检测:空腹抽取外周血于EDTA抗凝管,立即3000转/分离心8分钟取血清冻存于-80℃冰箱待分析。血浆EETs水平在天津医科大学利用液相色谱-质谱串联法检测。
sEH活性的计算方法为:DHETs含量/EETs含量。
实验结果:20例慢性心力衰竭患者入组,按性别年龄等匹配基线资料无差异的对照组人群样本20例。检测结果表明,与对照组相比,慢性心力衰竭患者外周血中的4种EETs,即5,6-EET、8,9-EET、11,12-EET和14,15-EET的含量均明显下降;而相应的EETs代谢产物,即DHETs的含量均明显增高(图1)。同时,EETs代谢酶sEH的活性明显增高(图2)。这些结果提示血浆中EETs水平下降和sEH活性增高与慢性心力衰竭相关。图例中黑色代表对照人群,绿色代表慢性心力衰竭患者人群,*代表与对照组相比p<0.05。
实施例2
慢性心力衰竭患者心肌组织中sEH蛋白表达水平增高
研究人群和研究设计:从2010年1月到2017年3月,在湖北省武汉市华中科技大学同济医学院附属协和医院收录因慢性心力衰竭行心脏移植的住院患者。入选标准包括:年龄大于18岁,心衰NYHA分级IV。心衰的诊断是在体格检查、实验室检查、心脏彩超的基础上根据ACC/AHA的诊断标准和步骤来确定。排除标准包括:患者合并危及生命的并发症如严重的肝功能不良、肾功能不良;恶性肿瘤患者生存时间小于1年。移植受体的衰竭心脏组织从患者体内取出后立即冻存入液氮,随后转移至-80℃保存直至检测。正常对照样本来自于由于意外无法植入的供体心脏。
sEH蛋白表达水平检测:取100mg心肌组织,加入500μL蛋白裂解液(预先加入蛋白酶抑制剂),用剪刀将组织适当剪碎后用匀浆器中碾磨。将组织匀浆在冰上静置30分钟,4℃12000g离心20分钟,留取上清备用。BCA法检测蛋白浓度后,采用western-blot法检测sEH蛋白表达水平。
实验结果:6例慢性心力衰竭患者入组,按性别年龄等匹配基线资料无差异的对照组人群样本3例。检测结果表明,与对照组相比,慢性心力衰竭患者心脏中的sEH表达量明显增高(图3)。这些结果提示心肌组织中sEH表达增高与慢性心力衰竭相关。*代表与对照组相比p<0.05。
实施例3
PE可诱导心肌细胞中sEH活性增高,损伤心肌细胞功能,而AUDA可以抑制这些效应
生物材料来源:人源心肌细胞系AC16购自美国ATCC,PE购自Sigma公司,AUDA购自Cayman公司。
细胞干预方式:PE溶于消毒的去离子水中,工作浓度为100uM;AUDA溶于DMSO溶媒中,工作浓度为1mM;干预时间为24小时。
sEH活性检测:采用Detroit R&D公司的ELISA检测试剂盒(BIOTARGET 14,15-EET/DHET ELISA KIT)。
心室重塑生物标志物mRNA检测:使用Invitrogen公司的Trizol试剂提取总RNA,接着使用TAKARA公司的逆转录试剂盒获得cDNA,最后采用特异性的引物扩增相关基因的mRNA含量。
细胞凋亡检测:采用BD公司的Annexin V-FITC/PI细胞凋亡检测试剂盒。
抗氧化应激活性检测:采用上海碧云天公司Mn-SOD检测试剂盒。
氧化应激反应检测:采用Molecular Probe公司MitoSox和DCF探针检测。
线粒体功能检测:使用Invitrogen公司的Trizol试剂提取总RNA,接着使用TAKARA公司的逆转录试剂盒获得cDNA,最后采用特异性的引物扩增相关基因的mRNA含量。
实验结果:干预24小时后,收集心肌细胞,进行上述检测,结果表明与对照组相比,PE显著的诱导了心肌细胞中sEH活性的增加,而AUDA可以抑制这一效应(图4)。PE诱导的BNP和Myh7表达增加提示心肌细胞发生了重塑,而AUDA可以抑制这一效应(图5)。PE诱导的Annexin V阳性率增加提示心肌细胞发生了凋亡,而AUDA可以抑制这一效应(图6)。PE诱导的Mn-SOD活性降低提示心肌细胞中抗氧化应激活性下降,而AUDA可以抑制这一效应(图7)。PE诱导的MitoSox和DCF阳性率增加提示心肌细胞中氧化应激反应增加,而AUDA可以抑制这一效应(图8)。PE诱导的线粒体功能相关基因的表达下降提示心肌细胞出现线粒体功能障碍,而AUDA可以抑制这一效应(图9)。*代表p<0.05。
实施例4
TAC可诱导小鼠心脏中sEH活性增高,损伤心功能,而AUDA可以抑制这些效应
小鼠模型制备:12周龄雄性C57BL/6小鼠购自武汉实验动物中心。饲养于华中科技大学同济医学院SPF级动物房。小鼠在动物房适应一周后开始予以胸主动脉缩窄术,作为TAC组。另有一组小鼠予以开胸处理,不结扎胸主动脉,作为手术对照组。
EETs含量及sEH活性检测:采用Detroit R&D公司的ELISA检测试剂盒(BIOTARGET14,15-EET/DHET ELISA KIT)。
小鼠心脏超声检测:使用Visual Sonics Inc.公司的Vevo 2100小动物超声进行心脏超声检测。主要测量指标包括:心率(HR)、左心室射血分数(LVEF)、左心室短轴缩短率(LVFS)、左心室舒张期或收缩期室间隔厚度(LVIDd和LVIDs)、左心室后壁厚度(LVPWd和LVPWs)。
小鼠心脏血流动力学检测:使用Millar Instrument PowerLab公司的Millar压力-容积系统进行。将动物麻醉至适当深度后,在颈部做正中切口,分离右颈总动脉,结扎其远心端,夹闭近心端,用显微剪在动脉上做V形切口,插入微导管,直至左心室,经过传导系统记录信号,以获得心率(HR)、左室舒张末压(PED)、左室收缩末压(PES)、左室压力最大下降速度(-dp/dtmin)和左室压力最大上升速率(+dP/dtmax)等血流动力学数据。
组织学检测:心肌组织放入包埋框中在中性甲醛溶液中浸泡固定,脱水,石蜡包埋,将蜡块上切片机切成厚度为4μm的切片。HE染色观察心肌大体观,天狼猩红染色观察心肌纤维化。
实验结果:TAC术后两周行心脏超声检测,选取心功能无差异的16只TAC小鼠,随机分为模型组(TAC)及治疗组(TAC+AUDA),模型组无其他干预,治疗组予以每天灌胃(AUDA3mg/kg),两周后,即慢性心力衰竭期处死动物,收集组织标本,进行上述检测,结果表明与对照组相比,TAC手术使得慢性心力衰竭小鼠心脏中sEH活性的增加,而AUDA可以抑制这一效应(图10)。TAC手术使得慢性心力衰竭小鼠心脏射血分数EF值和dp/dt明显降低,提示心功能受损,而AUDA可以抑制这一效应(图11)。TAC手术使得慢性心力衰竭小鼠心肌细胞横截面积增大,提示心肌肥厚,而AUDA可以抑制这一效应(图12)。TAC手术使得慢性心力衰竭小鼠心脏天狼猩红染色阳性面积增加,提示心肌纤维化,而AUDA可以抑制这一效应(图13)。*代表p<0.05。
Claims (1)
1.sEH在制备对慢性心力衰竭进行诊断的试剂或试剂盒中的应用,通过检测人体离体血浆可溶性表氧化物水解酶表达水平,若人体内血浆可溶性表氧化物水解酶表达水平显著升高,认为该人体存在慢性心力衰竭。
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