CN110161118A - A kind of steel plate crack detecting method based on supersonic guide-wave principle - Google Patents
A kind of steel plate crack detecting method based on supersonic guide-wave principle Download PDFInfo
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- CN110161118A CN110161118A CN201910439437.8A CN201910439437A CN110161118A CN 110161118 A CN110161118 A CN 110161118A CN 201910439437 A CN201910439437 A CN 201910439437A CN 110161118 A CN110161118 A CN 110161118A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N29/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves; Visualisation of the interior of objects by transmitting ultrasonic or sonic waves through the object
- G01N29/04—Analysing solids
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2291/00—Indexing codes associated with group G01N29/00
- G01N2291/02—Indexing codes associated with the analysed material
- G01N2291/023—Solids
- G01N2291/0234—Metals, e.g. steel
Abstract
A kind of steel plate crack detecting method based on supersonic guide-wave principle, is related to structure non-destructive testing technology, ultrasonic detecting technology field.The present invention be in order to solve existing detection mode cannot accomplish it is lossless to bridge floor in the case where detect certain form of crackle in floorings, and the problem that detection range is limited.Transmitting terminal had not only been used as using a ultrasonic transducer but also receiving end is used as to carry out mobile detection on steel plate length direction to be detected, or detect on U-shaped rib and the gap length of steel plate connection gap to be detected whether have crackle respectively as transmitting terminal and receiving end movable type using two ultrasonic transducers, receiving end can collect ultrasonic guided wave signals when being moved to different location, according to the temporal signatures of each ultrasonic guided wave signals, the related coefficient between two neighboring temporal signatures is obtained；According to the related coefficient curve that step 3 obtains, U-shaped rib underbead crack length is obtained, completes the detection to crackle.It is used for the invisible crackle of U-shaped rib and steel plate junction to be detected.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of steel plate crack detecting methods based on supersonic guide-wave principle.Belong to structure non-destructive testing skill
Art, ultrasonic detecting technology field.
Background technique
Orthotropic Steel Bridge Deck because its mechanical characteristic, service performance and economy etc. outstanding advantages, at home
It is used widely in outer all types of sciences of bridge building.But due to Orthotropic Steel Bridge Deck construct it is complicated, between component connection and
Welding position is more, in recent years, the ever-increasing magnitude of traffic flow and overloaded vehicle effect under and structure defect itself, weldering
It connects under the effect of the factors such as residual stress, fatigue crack easily occurs in steel bridge deck.The fatigue crack of Orthotropic Steel Bridge Deck has
There are concealment and dispersibility, but it have developed rapidly if occurring, bridge military service safety is caused to seriously threaten, and pole
The earth reduces the service life of bridge.
Fatigue crack in Orthotropic Steel Bridge Deck is mainly classified according to its position, with presently most used closed U-shaped
For ribbed stiffener.Fig. 2 gives main portions position, and 1 is U-shaped rib, and 2 be steel plate to be detected, and 3 be diaphragm plate, 4 for U-shaped rib and
Fatigue crack between steel plate to be detected in weld seam.Fatigue crack mainly appears on U rib and top plate junction, U rib and diaphragm plate connect
At the place of connecing, U rib butt weld, U rib cross the positions such as U rib crackle, diaphragm plate and top plate junction at welding hole.At present to above-mentioned big absolutely
Partial crack belongs to visible crack, and in-situ check and test method is appearance ocular examination, i.e., by manually looking into inside steel box-girder
See, mark, numbering, taking pictures etc. that modes record crack position and feature.In addition, also thering are some scholars to be needed according to research using tired
Labor strain transducer monitors the active development situation of a small number of crackles, is used to study just for the crackle acquisition data of visual finding
Purposes is not used to detect visually not found crackle.
In above-mentioned crackle, also a kind of crack position is special, in U rib and top plate junction and is located in silent U rib
Portion, along U rib Directional Extension, appearance visual method can not be detected, belong to invisible crackle.As indicated with 4 in fig. 2.It is practical at present
Common detection method is that is, on bridge floor, deck paving layer open exposes steel plate (i.e. top plate) outside steel box-girder in engineering
Flat top, then using ultrasonic wave diffraction time difference method equipment (i.e. TOFD supersonic detector) to steel plate along U rib and top plate
Weld seam move towards carry out long range scanning.This method needs the pave-load layer in barring traffic, the entire lane of destruction to be detected, strictly
Ground, which is said, is not belonging to non-destructive testing, and expends a large amount of human and material resources and financial resources.In addition, ultrasonic phase array detection can also be used, but super
The deficiencies of that there are scanning ranges is too small for sound phased array, and there are scan blind spot place.In addition to this, at present to orthotropic steel bridge deck
The invisible crack at plate top plate position there is no effective detection means.
Summary of the invention
The present invention be in order to solve existing detection mode cannot accomplish it is lossless to bridge floor in the case where detect floorings in
Certain form of crackle, and the problem that detection range is limited.A kind of steel plate crackle inspection based on supersonic guide-wave principle is now provided
Survey method.
A kind of steel plate crack detecting method based on supersonic guide-wave principle, the described method comprises the following steps:
Step 1: No.1 ultrasonic transducer 6 is placed on 2 bottom of steel plate to be detected and is located at U-shaped 1 side of rib, to No.1
Ultrasonic transducer 6 applies voltage signal, voltage signal excitation ultrasound guided wave signals in steel plate 2 to be detected, using the No.1
Ultrasonic transducer 6 acquires ultrasonic guided wave signals using No. two ultrasonic transducers 7, and No. two ultrasonic transducers 7 be placed on to
Detection 2 bottom of steel plate and it is located at U-shaped 6 other side of rib or is placed on U-shaped 6 side wall of rib or same with No.1 ultrasonic transducer 6
Side；
Step 2: multiple collection points are arranged in 2 bottom of steel plate to be detected and along 2 length direction of steel plate to be detected, No.1 is super
Sonic transducer 6 successively reaches each collection point along the length direction or makes No.1 ultrasonic transducer 6 and No. two simultaneously
Ultrasonic transducer 7 is equidistantly moved along the holding of U-shaped 1 length direction of rib, is applied voltage again in the way of step 1 and is adopted
Collect ultrasonic guided wave signals, to obtain No.1 ultrasonic transducer 6 as collection terminal or No. two ultrasonic transducers 7 as collection terminal
Ultrasonic guided wave signals are collected when being moved to different location；
Step 3: obtaining the phase relation between two neighboring temporal signatures according to the temporal signatures of each ultrasonic guided wave signals
Number；
Step 4: obtaining U-shaped 6 underbead crack length of rib according to the related coefficient curve that step 3 obtains, complete to crackle
Detection.
Preferably, voltage signal is applied to ultrasonic transducer 9 using signal generation apparatus.
Preferably, ultrasonic transducer 9 and another ultrasonic transducer 10 are all made of the realization of narrow band resonances formula energy converter.
Preferably, the waveform of voltage signal are as follows:
In formula, t is the time, and V (t) is the voltage waveform changed over time, and A is voltage pulse maximum amplitude, and H (t) is single
Position jump function, n include periodicity, f by waveformcFor the centre frequency of narrow band waveform.
Preferably, the related coefficient between adjacent two ultrasonic guided wave signals temporal signatures is obtained are as follows:
In formula,WithThe temporal signatures for respectively indicating the ultrasonic guided wave signals of the i-th paths and i+1 paths are bent
Line,Indicate signal curveWithBetween related coefficient,Indicate signal characteristic curveWithBetween
Covariance,WithRespectively indicate signal characteristic curveWithRespective variance.
Preferably, in step 4, according to the related coefficient that step 3 obtains, the specific of U-shaped 6 underbead crack length of rib is obtained
Content are as follows:
According to No.1 ultrasonic transducer 6 successively move or No.1 ultrasonic transducer 6 and No. two ultrasonic transducers 7 it is same
Shi Yidong has measured multiple ultrasonic guided wave signals, according to the related coefficient between adjacent two ultrasonic guided wave signals temporal signatures
Related coefficient all in continuous moving position is obtained, if unexpected drop point, these drop points occurs in some related coefficient
The start-stop point of fatigue crack is respectively corresponded, to measure crack length, realization can not to the root of weld between top plate 2 and U-shaped rib 1
See the detection and positioning of fatigue crack.
The invention has the benefit that
The steel plate fatigue crack detection and already present ultrasound at present based on supersonic guide-wave principle that the application proposes
Detection method is compared, and the characteristic that supersonic guide-wave can be propagated on a large scale in steel plate is taken full advantage of, inside steel box-girder, from weld seam
Certain distance lays ultrasonic guided wave transducer, it can be achieved that having bigger detection range compared with conventional ultrasound method, avoids examining
It surveys blind area (position that the weld seam in such as Fig. 2 along U rib intersects with diaphragm plate).Mobile inspection is carried out by ultrasonic guided wave transducer
It surveys, obtains adjacent two supersonic guide-waves according to the temporal signatures of extracted two ultrasonic guided wave signals in every two adjacent position and believe
Related coefficient between number temporal signatures, the multiple related coefficients obtained according to continuous position obtain U-shaped rib underbead crack length,
Complete top plate fatigue crack detection on a large scale over long distances.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is a kind of process of the steel plate crack detecting method based on supersonic guide-wave principle described in specific embodiment one
Figure；
Fig. 2 is existing closed U-shaped stiffening rib Orthotropic Steel Bridge Deck structure chart；
Fig. 3 is the structural schematic diagram that steel bridge deck bottom is arranged in two ultrasonic transducers；
Fig. 4 is that a ultrasonic transducer is arranged in steel bridge deck bottom, and the structural schematic diagram on U rib is arranged in another；
Fig. 5 is the structural schematic diagram of embodiment 1；
Fig. 6 is the correlation analysis curve graph of embodiment 1；
Fig. 7 is the structural schematic diagram of embodiment 2；
Fig. 8 is the structural schematic diagram of embodiment 3.
Specific embodiment
The present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Fig. 3 is the steel plate for typically having U-shaped rib, and 7 be the asphalt concrete pavement layer on steel plate, i.e. road surface, this
Position is not available ultrasonic method and carries out crack detection, and 4 be crackle that may be present on steel plate, if can not lead to inside U rib
Cross visual method detection.Therefore, existing detection mode cannot accomplish it is lossless to bridge floor in the case where detect crack, and detect
It is limited in scope.In view of the above technical defects, the present invention propose it is a kind of based on supersonic guide-wave principle band U rib steel plate in fatigue crack
Recognition methods, be particularly suitable for the detection of invisible crackle on the top plate being connected in Orthotropic Steel Bridge Deck with U rib.
Embodiment 1:
Fig. 4 and Fig. 5 shows that a kind of principle of the steel plate crack detecting method based on supersonic guide-wave principle is shown in embodiment 1
It is intended to.The steel plate crack detecting method based on supersonic guide-wave principle is used in the case where not damaging steel plate pave-load layer, accurately
Detect steel plate underbead crack and crack length in ground.
Referring to Fig. 4 and Fig. 5, a kind of steel plate crack detecting method based on supersonic guide-wave principle of the present embodiment includes following step
It is rapid:
Step 1: No.1 ultrasonic transducer 6 and No. two ultrasonic transducers 7 to be respectively placed under steel plate 2 to be detected and distinguish
Under the steel plate to be detected for placing U-shaped rib side positioned at the two sides of U-shaped rib or by No.1 ultrasonic transducer 6, No. two ultrasounds are changed
Can device 7 be placed on U-shaped rib, be respectively placed under steel plate 2 to be detected when No.1 ultrasonic transducer 6 and No. two ultrasonic transducers 7 and
When being located at the two sides of U-shaped rib, distance of No. two ultrasonic transducers 7 apart from U-shaped rib is determined according to the spacing of practical U-shaped rib,
No.1 ultrasonic transducer 6 is mobile ultrasonic transducer, is directly contacted by couplant with steel plate and the excitation ultrasound in steel plate
No.1 ultrasonic transducer 6 is connected by guided wave using two core shielded signal lines with signal generation apparatus 8；Signal generation apparatus can
To be signal generator, it is also possible to the data board with simulation output function or module；
Step 2: narrowband voltage signal represented by formula 1 is applied to No.1 ultrasonic transducer 6 by signal generation apparatus
On, at the same time, 6 excitation ultrasound guided wave of No.1 ultrasonic transducer is propagated in steel plate total cross-section, is carried and is damaged in propagation path
The supersonic guide-wave of information propagates to No. two ultrasonic transducers 7 through steel plate, and data acquisition device 9 connected to it is super by what is received
Guided Waves signal saves and analyzes or be used for subsequent off-line analysis in real time；
Step 3: the length for measuring steel plate 2 to be detected is 80 centimetres, so, it is changed every 2 centimetres of mobile No.1 ultrasounds
Energy device 6 and No. two ultrasonic transducers 7, and No.1 ultrasonic transducer 6 is moved along steel plate 2 to be detected, No. two 7 edges of ultrasonic transducer
U-shaped rib length direction it is mobile or mobile in 2 other side length direction of steel plate to be detected, applied after mobile according to step 2
Making alive and acquisition guided wave signals, No.1 ultrasonic transducer 6 and No. two ultrasonic transducers 7 respectively move 40 location points, so,
No. two ultrasonic transducers 7 measure 40 measuring points of the guided wave signals of 40 location points and acquisition altogether,
Step 4: calculating the envelope of guided wave signals after collecting ultrasonic guided wave signals by No. two ultrasonic transducers 7
Line is subsequently used for correlation analysis；
Step 5: Fig. 6 is the correlation analysis of embodiment 1 as a result, it can be seen from the figure that in the position of measuring point 13,
Related coefficient becomes smaller, and hereafter, related coefficient becomes larger；In the position of measuring point 32, related coefficient becomes smaller again；The result illustrates measuring point
13 to, there are fatigue crack, length is about 38 centimetres between measuring point 32.The result and practical fatigue crack position consistency, verifying
The validity of this method.
A kind of working principle of the steel plate crack detecting method based on supersonic guide-wave principle of the present embodiment addressed below.
In order to accurately measure the length for whether having crackle and crackle, the present embodiment first passes through the length for measuring steel plate to be detected
Degree is 80 centimetres, over which length at interval of 2 centimetres of settings, one collection point, makes No.1 ultrasonic transducer along steel plate to be detected
Length it is every reach collection point and excite a ultrasonic signal, and No.1 ultrasonic transducer is often moved to a collection point,
No. two ultrasonic transducers also are moved into another position, and No.1 ultrasonic transducer and No. two ultrasonic transducers are kept equidistantly simultaneously
It is mobile, so, No.1 ultrasonic transducer excites a ultrasonic signal, and No. two ultrasonic transducers acquire a supersonic guide-wave letter
Number, No. two ultrasonic transducers according to every two adjacent position collected two ultrasonic guided wave signals temporal signatures obtain phase
Related coefficient between adjacent two ultrasonic guided wave signals temporal signatures；Multiple continuous phase relations are obtained according to continuous moving position
Number obtains U-shaped rib underbead crack length, completes the detection to crackle.The present embodiment has bigger compared with conventional ultrasound method
Detection range, avoid check frequency.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, signal generation apparatus can select narrow band resonances formula energy converter, non-narrowband
Resonant mode energy converter or other equipment that can export narrow band waveform, resonance frequency and above-mentioned narrow band waveform centre frequency phase
Matching, the narrowband voltage signal of sending are narrow band ping, which helps to reduce caused by guided wave frequency dispersion effect
Guided wave signals wave distortion.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the waveform of voltage signal are as follows:
In formula, t is the time, and V (t) is the voltage waveform changed over time, and A is voltage pulse maximum amplitude, and H (t) is single
Position jump function, n include periodicity, f by waveformcFor the centre frequency of narrow band waveform.The frequency is mainly with corresponding guided wave
Wavelength and flaw size match for principle selection.For the steel plate in Practical Project, the frequency is about in 30kHz to 200kHz
Between.
In this preferred embodiment, the voltage waveform that formula 1 indicates is narrow band waveform on one of frequency domain, can also be with
The narrow band waveform on other frequency domains is indicated using other formula.In a preferred embodiment of the invention, extracts different location and adopt
Certain temporal signatures of the ultrasonic guided wave signals collected, such as envelope, when then successively acquiring adjacent two ultrasonic guided wave signals
Related coefficient between characteristic of field, the calculation method of related coefficient are as follows:
In formula,WithThe temporal signatures for respectively indicating the ultrasonic guided wave signals of the i-th paths and i+1 paths are bent
Line,Indicate signal curveWithBetween related coefficient,Indicate signal characteristic curveWith
Between covariance,WithRespectively indicate signal characteristic curveWithRespective variance.
When certain is tested twice, due to being closer for two adjacent paths, the road Huo Liangtiao in no fatigue crack
When diameter passes through fatigue crack, the otherness of two paths is smaller, therefore, at this timeWithBetween related coefficientCompared with
Greatly.And when wherein paths by fatigue crack and another paths without fatigue crack when, at this timeWithBetween phase
Relationship numberThere can be apparent reduction compared with the previous case.According to above-mentioned principle, successively by related coefficient calculated
Arrangement illustrates the detection section top plate and U-shaped intercostal weld seam without fatigue crack, if related coefficient if related coefficient is higher
There is unexpected drop point, then these catastrophe points respectively correspond the start-stop point of fatigue crack, thus realize to detection section top plate with it is U-shaped
The detection and positioning of the invisible fatigue crack of the intercostal root of weld.
Embodiment 2:
Fig. 7 shows a kind of schematic illustration of the steel plate crack detecting method based on supersonic guide-wave principle in embodiment 2.
The steel plate crack detecting method based on supersonic guide-wave principle is used in the case where not damaging steel plate pave-load layer, is accurately detected
Steel plate underbead crack and crack length.
Referring to Fig. 7, a kind of steel plate crack detecting method based on supersonic guide-wave principle of the present embodiment includes the following contents:
No.1 ultrasonic transducer 6 is placed in the side of U-shaped rib under steel plate to be detected, No.1 ultrasonic transducer 6 is apart from U-shaped rib
Distance determine that No.1 ultrasonic transducer 6 is mobile ultrasonic transducer according to the spacing of practical U-shaped rib, by couplant with
Steel plate directly contacts, and what is be connected with No.1 ultrasonic transducer 6 is ultrasonic signal excitation-receiving module 10, which can realize
Pulse-Echo, i.e. the ultrasound detection mode of pulse-echo.Voltage signal is applied to No.1 ultrasonic transducer first by the module
6, No.1 ultrasonic transducer 6 works as driver at this time.Data acquisition scheme is switched in the subsequent short time.At this point, No.1
Ultrasonic transducer 6 is used as working sensor, receives the supersonic guide-wave back wave of fatigue crack, weld seam etc. in steel plate；It connects
The ultrasonic guided wave signals received save and analyze or be used for subsequent off-line analysis in real time.In the present embodiment, scanner also can be used
It (is normal to screen direction in Fig. 7 that carrying No.1 ultrasonic transducer 6 and excitation-receiving module 10, which carry out continuous multiple spot detection,
It is mobile), improve working efficiency.
A kind of working principle of the steel plate crack detecting method based on supersonic guide-wave principle of the present embodiment addressed below.
The application, as the device for sending and receiving signal, carries No.1 using scanner using No.1 ultrasonic transducer 6
Ultrasonic transducer 6 carries out continuous multiple spot detection, and the signal that each point detects is handled, finally detects that crackle and crackle are long
Degree.The present embodiment has bigger detection range compared with conventional ultrasound method, avoids check frequency.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, signal generation apparatus can select narrow band resonances formula energy converter, non-narrowband
Resonant mode energy converter or other equipment that can export narrow band waveform, resonance frequency and above-mentioned narrow band waveform centre frequency phase
Matching, the narrowband voltage signal of sending are narrow band ping, which helps to reduce caused by guided wave frequency dispersion effect
Guided wave signals wave distortion.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the waveform of voltage signal are as follows:
In formula, t is the time, and V (t) is the voltage waveform changed over time, and A is voltage pulse maximum amplitude, and H (t) is single
Position jump function, n include periodicity, f by waveformcFor the centre frequency of narrow band waveform.The frequency is mainly with corresponding guided wave
Wavelength and flaw size match for principle selection.For the steel plate in Practical Project, the frequency is about in 30kHz to 200kHz
Between.
In this preferred embodiment, the voltage waveform that formula 1 indicates is narrow band waveform on one of frequency domain, can also be with
The narrow band waveform on other frequency domains is indicated using other formula.In a preferred embodiment of the invention, extracts different location and adopt
Certain temporal signatures of the ultrasonic guided wave signals collected, such as envelope, when then successively acquiring adjacent two ultrasonic guided wave signals
Related coefficient between characteristic of field, the calculation method of related coefficient are as follows:
In formula,WithThe temporal signatures for respectively indicating the ultrasonic guided wave signals of the i-th paths and i+1 paths are bent
Line,Indicate signal curveWithBetween related coefficient,Indicate signal characteristic curveWithBetween
Covariance,WithRespectively indicate signal characteristic curveWithRespective variance.
When certain is tested twice, due to being closer for two adjacent paths, the road Huo Liangtiao in no fatigue crack
When diameter passes through fatigue crack, the otherness of two paths is smaller, therefore, at this timeWithBetween related coefficientCompared with
Greatly.And when wherein paths by fatigue crack and another paths without fatigue crack when, at this timeWithBetween phase
Relationship numberThere can be apparent reduction compared with the previous case.According to above-mentioned principle, successively by related coefficient calculated
Arrangement illustrates the detection section top plate and U-shaped intercostal weld seam without fatigue crack, if related coefficient if related coefficient is higher
There is unexpected drop point, then these catastrophe points respectively correspond the start-stop point of fatigue crack, thus realize to detection section top plate with it is U-shaped
The detection and positioning of the invisible fatigue crack of the intercostal root of weld.
Embodiment 3:
Fig. 8 shows a kind of schematic illustration of the steel plate crack detecting method based on supersonic guide-wave principle in embodiment 3.
The steel plate crack detecting method based on supersonic guide-wave principle is used in the case where not damaging steel plate pave-load layer, is accurately detected
Steel plate underbead crack and crack length.
Referring to Fig. 8, a kind of steel plate crack detecting method based on supersonic guide-wave principle of the present embodiment includes the following contents:
No.1 ultrasonic transducer 6 and ultrasonic transducer 7 are placed on 2 bottom of steel plate to be detected and No.1 ultrasonic transducer 6
It is respectively positioned on ultrasonic transducer 7 in the same side of U-shaped rib, No.1 ultrasonic transducer 6 and ultrasonic transducer 7 are mobile ultrasound
Energy converter, No.1 ultrasonic transducer 6 and ultrasonic transducer 7 remain same distance together along the length of steel plate 2 to be detected
Direction is mobile, and No.1 ultrasonic transducer 6 and ultrasonic transducer 7 are often moved to a position, is excited by No.1 ultrasonic transducer 6 super
Guided Waves signal receives ultrasonic guided wave signals by No. two ultrasonic transducers 7, if in No.1 ultrasonic transducer 6 and ultrasonic transduction
There are crackles with the connection gap of steel plate to be detected for U-shaped rib between device 7, then the ultrasound that No.1 ultrasonic transducer 6 issues is led
Wave can propagate to the cracks, No. two ultrasonic transducers 7 given by crack deflection, at this point, what No. two ultrasonic transducers 7 received
Signal is different from the signal of not crackle；It is to be detected using No.1 ultrasonic transducer 6 and 7 mobile collection of ultrasonic transducer complete
The length of steel plate (2), analyzed according to collected signal whether have at the connection gap of U-shaped rib and steel plate to be detected crack and
The length in the crack.
A kind of working principle of the steel plate crack detecting method based on supersonic guide-wave principle of the present embodiment addressed below.
The application uses No.1 ultrasonic transducer 6 and No. two ultrasonic transducers 7 from one end of steel plate 2 to be detected, along U-shaped
Rib length direction is moved to the other end of steel plate 2 to be detected, examines to the length of entire U-shaped rib and steel plate connecting sewing to be detected
It surveys, judges whether to have crackle at the gap according to the signal detected and obtain crack length.The present embodiment and conventional ultrasound
Method, which is compared, has bigger detection range, avoids check frequency.
Claims (7)
1. a kind of steel plate crack detecting method based on supersonic guide-wave principle, which is characterized in that the described method comprises the following steps:
Step 1: No.1 ultrasonic transducer (6) is placed on steel plate to be detected (2) bottom and is located at U-shaped rib (1) side, to one
Number ultrasonic transducer (6) applies voltage signal, and voltage signal excitation ultrasound guided wave signals in steel plate to be detected (2) use
The No.1 ultrasonic transducer (6) acquires ultrasonic guided wave signals, and No. two ultrasonic transducers using No. two ultrasonic transducers (7)
(7) be placed on steel plate to be detected (2) bottom and be located at U-shaped rib (6) other side or be placed on U-shaped rib (6) side wall or with
No.1 ultrasonic transducer (6) is ipsilateral；
Step 2: multiple collection points, No.1 ultrasonic transduction is arranged in steel plate to be detected (2) bottom and along U-shaped rib (1) length direction
Device (6) along the length direction successively reach each collection point or make simultaneously No.1 ultrasonic transducer (6) and No. two it is super
Sonic transducer (7) keeps equidistant mobile along U-shaped rib (1) length direction, applies voltage again simultaneously in the way of step 1
Ultrasonic guided wave signals are acquired, to obtain No.1 ultrasonic transducer (6) as collection terminal or No. two ultrasonic transducer (7) conducts
Collection terminal collects ultrasonic guided wave signals when being moved to different location；
Step 3: obtaining the related coefficient between two neighboring temporal signatures according to the temporal signatures of each ultrasonic guided wave signals；
Step 4: obtaining U-shaped rib (6) underbead crack length according to the related coefficient curve that step 3 obtains, complete to crackle
Detection.
2. a kind of steel plate crack detecting method based on supersonic guide-wave principle according to claim 1, which is characterized in that adopt
Voltage signal is applied to ultrasonic transducer (6) with signal generation apparatus.
3. a kind of steel plate crack detecting method based on supersonic guide-wave principle according to claim 2, which is characterized in that one
Number ultrasonic transducer (6) and No. two ultrasonic transducers (7) are all made of the realization of narrow band resonances formula energy converter.
4. a kind of steel plate crack detecting method based on supersonic guide-wave principle according to claim 3, which is characterized in that electricity
Press the waveform of signal are as follows:
In formula, t is the time, and V (t) is the voltage waveform changed over time, and A is voltage pulse maximum amplitude, and H (t) is unit rank
Jump function, and n includes periodicity, f by waveformcFor the centre frequency of narrow band waveform.
5. a kind of steel plate crack detecting method based on supersonic guide-wave principle according to claim 1, which is characterized in that obtain
Obtain the related coefficient between adjacent two ultrasonic guided wave signals temporal signatures are as follows:
In formula,WithThe time-domain characteristic curve of the ultrasonic guided wave signals of the i-th paths and i+1 paths is respectively indicated,Indicate signal curveWithBetween related coefficient,Indicate signal characteristic curveWithBetween association
Variance,WithRespectively indicate signal characteristic curveWithRespective variance.
6. a kind of steel plate crack detecting method based on supersonic guide-wave principle according to claim 1, which is characterized in that step
In rapid four, according to the related coefficient that step 3 obtains, the particular content of U-shaped rib (1) underbead crack length is obtained are as follows:
According to No.1 ultrasonic transducer (6) successively move or No.1 ultrasonic transducer (6) and No. two ultrasonic transducers (7)
It is mobile simultaneously, multiple ultrasonic guided wave signals are measured, according to the phase relation between adjacent two ultrasonic guided wave signals temporal signatures
Number obtains related coefficient all in continuous moving position, if there is unexpected drop point in some related coefficient, these declines
Point respectively corresponds the start-stop point of fatigue crack, to measure crack length, realizes to weld seam root between top plate (2) and U-shaped rib (1)
The detection and positioning of the invisible fatigue crack in portion.
7. a kind of steel plate crack detecting method based on supersonic guide-wave principle according to claim 1, which is characterized in that more
The spacing distance of a collection point is equal.
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN110596243A (en) * | 2019-09-27 | 2019-12-20 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Orthotropic steel bridge deck plate top plate fatigue crack detection system based on ultrasonic guided wave method |
| US20200018729A1 (en) * | 2018-07-13 | 2020-01-16 | Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba | Detection system, detection device, and detection method |
| CN111325738A (en) * | 2020-02-28 | 2020-06-23 | 湖北工业大学 | Intelligent detection method and system for peripheral cracks of transverse hole |
| CN113848249A (en) * | 2021-09-24 | 2021-12-28 | 上海交通大学 | Guided wave intelligent monitoring method for fatigue crack depth of steel bridge deck |
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