CN110160705B

CN110160705B - Integral weight loading mechanism for improved tubular weight

Info

Publication number: CN110160705B
Application number: CN201910383233.7A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 卜繁岭; 庞桂兵; 高腾
Original assignee: Dalian Polytechnic University
Current assignee: Dalian Polytechnic University
Priority date: 2019-05-09
Filing date: 2019-05-09
Publication date: 2022-06-24
Anticipated expiration: 2039-05-09
Also published as: CN110160705A

Abstract

The invention discloses an integral weight loading mechanism of an improved tubular weight, which comprises a piston weight (31) connected with a lower piston rod (92) and used for weighing or pressure calibration; the upper part of the piston weight is connected with a tray weight (34) through a connecting structure; a group of sleeved cylindrical weights (20) are arranged on the tray weight; vertical upper jacking cylinders (99) are symmetrically arranged on the peripheries of the piston weight and the cylindrical weight, and a plurality of vertical guide optical axes (4) are arranged; the optical axis and the upper top cylinder are arranged on the lower plate (9); the optical axis penetrates through the upper plate (8); the upper plate is fixed on the top of a piston mandril (89) of the upper jacking cylinder; the cylindrical weight is provided with a cylindrical weight loading and unloading unit connected with the upper plate (8). The invention improves the integral structure design of the loading mechanism, and the supporting and guiding structure has the characteristics of high stability, good guidance quality and convenient operation.

Description

Integral weight loading mechanism for improved cylindrical weight

Technical Field

The invention relates to an automatic weight adding device, in particular to the structural improvement of a piston pressure gauge.

Background

Pressure is one of important process parameters in industrial production, and in the field of pressure detection, system pressure is often required to be detected, and various pressure gauges, pressure sensors and pressure transmitters are common pressure detection instruments and are applied to almost all fluid related fields such as chemical engineering, petroleum, aerospace, automobiles, power generation, medium transmission, water supply and gas supply and the like. The performance of the pressure gauge is directly related to the quality of a detection result, and the pressure gauge must be subjected to regular pressure calibration in order to ensure the detection precision of the instrument. If the pressure detection is inaccurate, the production efficiency is influenced, the product quality is reduced, and even serious safety accidents are caused, so that the pressure measurement has a special position in industrial production. Therefore, the pressure gauge needs to be measured and checked regularly when being delivered from a factory or in the using process, so that the pressure gauge is required to be convenient and quick to detect and calibrate, high in efficiency and accurate in detection result. The measurement calibration device of the pressure gauge commonly used at present is a piston pressure gauge. The piston pressure gauge generally includes a pressure generating portion and a pressure calibrating portion. Pressure calibration generally adopts a series of weights with standard weight to produce corresponding pressure, therefore requires that the code adding device and the code adding process have better stability and practical convenience.

The piston type pressure gauge is a common instrument for detecting and calibrating the pressure gauge, the weight is generally a reference when the piston type pressure gauge is detected and calibrated, a specific weight is formed by combining specific weights, the specific weight is converted into liquid pressure through a hydraulic system and applied to the pressure gauge, and the method is a common method for detecting the pressure gauge. That is to say, piston pressure gauge's weight loading mode is mainly manual loading at present, and the weight is placed and is relied on artifical transport, and consumption of time and labor, reliability and poor stability, automatic code adding process and device are very necessary.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the problems, the invention provides the integral weight loading mechanism for the improved tubular weight, which has the characteristics of flexible operation, compact structure and moderate cost. The invention improves the integral structure design of the loading mechanism, and the supporting and guiding structure has the characteristics of high stability, good guidance quality and convenient operation.

In order to achieve the aim, the invention provides an integral weight loading mechanism for an improved tubular weight, which comprises a piston weight, a piston rod and a cylinder, wherein the piston weight is connected with the lower piston rod and used for weighing or pressure calibration; the upper part of the piston weight is connected with a tray weight through a connecting structure; a group of sleeved cylindrical weights is arranged on the tray weight; vertical top air cylinders are symmetrically arranged on the peripheries of the piston weight and the cylindrical weight, and a plurality of vertical guide optical axes are arranged on the vertical top air cylinders; the optical axis and the upper jacking cylinder are arranged on the lower plate; the optical axis penetrates through the upper plate; the upper plate is fixed on the top of a piston mandril of the upper jacking cylinder; the tubular weight is provided with a tubular weight loading and unloading unit connected with the upper plate.

In a preferred mode, the tubular weight and the tubular weight loading and unloading unit have the following structures:

the upper end of each layer of the tubular weight is provided with a driving mechanism for driving the tubular weight to move up and down; a tray weight for weighing or pressure detection is arranged below the cylindrical weight; the height of the tubular weight is gradually reduced from inside to outside; a supporting bulge is arranged on the outer cylindrical surface of the upper end of each cylindrical weight; the driving mechanism comprises a group of horizontally telescopic support rods arranged on the circumference of each cylindrical weight support bulge at intervals, and the rear part of each support rod is connected with a support rod driving cylinder; each code supporting rod driving cylinder is fixed on a code supporting tower vertically driven by a weight pulling cylinder; the upper plate is fixed with the pull weight cylinder.

In an optimal mode, the code supporting tower is arranged in a tower-shaped structure corresponding to the top of the cylindrical weight; each group of the brace rods is at least 3; the support tower and the middle plate are connected through a connecting screw, the support tower and the pull weight cylinder are connected through a connecting screw, and the upper plate and the pull weight cylinder are connected through a connecting screw.

The integral weight loading mechanism of the improved disc-shaped weight has the characteristics of flexible operation, compact structure and moderate cost.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the arrangement structure of the combined weight loading mechanism of the invention.

Fig. 2 is an enlarged schematic view of a portion a in fig. 1.

Fig. 3 is an enlarged schematic view of B in fig. 1.

Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram illustrating the dimensions of the cylindrical weight in the combined weight loading mechanism of the present invention.

Fig. 5 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the combined weight loading mechanism of the present invention.

Fig. 6 is a schematic view of the weight loading principle of the combined weight loading mechanism of the present invention.

Fig. 7 is a schematic structural view of the loading guide principle of the combined weight loading mechanism of the invention.

Fig. 8 is a schematic structural diagram in a top view in a loading state of the disc-shaped weight.

Fig. 9 is a structural schematic diagram of a first state in which three tension rods are used for realizing loading of three disc-shaped weights.

Fig. 10 is a structural schematic diagram of a second state in which three code pulling rods are used for realizing loading of three disc-shaped weights.

Fig. 11 is a structural schematic diagram of a third state in which three tension rods are used for realizing loading of three disc-shaped weights.

Fig. 12 is a structural schematic diagram of a fourth state in which three tension rods are used for realizing loading of three disc-shaped weights.

Fig. 13 is a schematic structural diagram of the three code pulling rods in the top view for realizing the loading of the three disc-shaped weights in fig. 8.

FIG. 14 is a side view of the code bar of FIG. 13.

FIG. 15 is a top view of the top of the tension rod of FIG. 13.

Fig. 16 is a schematic structural diagram of the top view of four code rods for loading four disc-shaped weights.

FIG. 17 is a side view of the code bar of FIG. 16.

Fig. 18 is a schematic structural diagram of the top view of five code pulling rods for loading five disc-shaped weights.

FIG. 19 is a side view of the code bar of FIG. 18.

Fig. 20 is a schematic diagram of the principle of the device for blowing the tray weights by air nozzles.

Fig. 21 is a state diagram in which the tray weight is rotated counterclockwise.

Fig. 22 is a state diagram in which the tray weight is rotated clockwise.

Fig. 23 is a diagram showing a structure of a grating arrangement.

Fig. 24 is an enlarged view of a portion of fig. 21 within the circle.

Fig. 25 is an enlarged view of a portion of fig. 22 within the circle.

Fig. 26 is a diagram of another grating arrangement.

Fig. 27 is a schematic structural diagram of the arrangement principle of the peripheral guide drive in the combined weight loading mechanism of the present invention.

Fig. 28 is a supplementary structural view of the guiding driving arrangement principle of fig. 27.

Fig. 29 is a schematic diagram of the elevated state of fig. 28.

Fig. 30 is a schematic view of the structure of fig. 28 and 29, further enhancing the maintenance state.

Fig. 31 is a schematic view showing the arrangement of the bottom lower plate in the combination weight loading mechanism of the present invention.

Detailed Description

As shown in fig. 1-7 and 27-31, the combined weight loading mechanism of the present invention comprises a piston weight 31 connected to a lower piston rod 92 for weighing or pressure calibration; the upper part of the piston weight 31 is hung at the center of the upper cylinder opening of the cylindrical hanging basket weight 33; the radial annular weight tray 23 is connected to the outer side of the bottom of the barrel wall of the hanging basket weight 33, and the annular disc-shaped weights 22 arranged in a stacked mode are borne on the weight tray 23. The upper part of the piston weight 31 is also connected with a tray weight 34 positioned above the hanging basket weight 33 through a connecting structure; the tray weight 34 is provided with a set of nested tubular weights 20. The disc-shaped weight 22 is provided with a separate disc-shaped weight loading and unloading unit. The tubular weight 20 is provided with an independent tubular weight loading and unloading unit.

The tubular weight loading mechanism (tubular weight loading and unloading unit) can refer to a driving mechanism for driving weights to move up and down in a freely combined automatic code adding device in chinese patent 201410229031.4. The patent is also an automatic code adding device used in the field of pressure detection, and comprises a group of sleeved cylindrical weights, wherein the upper end of each layer of the weights is provided with a driving mechanism for driving the weights to move up and down; and a weight tray of a weighing or pressure detection mechanism is attached to the lower part of the weight. The height of the weight is gradually reduced from inside to outside; and a supporting groove is formed on the exposed cylindrical surface at the upper end of each weight, and a supporting rod, an inner ring, a middle ring and an outer ring are correspondingly arranged.

In an optimal mode, the arrangement mode of the tubular weight and the loading mechanism thereof is as follows:

the tubular weight comprises a group of tubular weights 20 which are sleeved, and the upper end of each layer of the tubular weight 20 is provided with a driving mechanism for driving the tubular weight 20 to move up and down; a tray weight 34 for weighing or pressure detection is arranged below the cylindrical weight 20; the height of the tubular weight 20 is gradually reduced from inside to outside; and a supporting bulge 91 is arranged on the outer cylindrical surface of the upper end of each cylindrical weight 20.

Tubular weight's actuating mechanism includes corresponding each tubular weight 20 supports a set of horizontal flexible vaulting pole 27 that sets up at the interval on the protruding 91 circumference, each group vaulting pole 27 is 3 at least. The rear part of each support rod 27 is connected with a support rod driving cylinder 24; each spreader bar drive cylinder 24 is secured to a spreader tower 25 which is vertically driven by a pull weight cylinder 98. The support tower 25 is arranged in a tower-shaped structure corresponding to the top of the tubular weight 20.

The disc-shaped weight loading and unloading unit can be realized by a supporting unit of a sequential code adding device in Chinese patent CN201410227718.4 or similar integral reference. The loading and unloading part of an automatic sequential code adding mechanism in Chinese patent CN201710373500.3 can also be selected.

Chinese patent CN201410227718.4 discloses a sequential code adding device, which comprises a supporting plate with a lifting mechanism arranged at the bottom, wherein disc-shaped weights are arranged on the supporting plate in a stacking manner through supporting units; a flange is formed at the edge of each layer of weights and is inversely suspended and lapped on the supporting part of the supporting unit; the arrangement relation between two adjacent layers can meet the requirement that interference cannot occur during loading. In addition, a weight tray of a weighing or pressure detection mechanism is attached between the bottom-most layer weight and the supporting plate. Chinese patent CN201710373500.3 discloses an automatic sequential stacking mechanism, which comprises a plurality of disc-shaped weights, a weighing part and a loading and unloading part. The weighing part comprises a weighing disc; the loading and unloading part comprises a support column assembly; each support column component comprises a support column of which the lower rod section is a polished rod section, a sleeve sequentially sleeved on the polished rod section, and an elastic body supported between the support column and the sleeve; the upper rod section of the support column and the outer part of the sleeve are axially provided with convex support steps at intervals, and the lower end of the light rod section of the support column is fixed on a lifting platform which is horizontally arranged and driven by a driving mechanism to lift; each sleeve is provided with an external support for limiting its descent to the lowest position.

In an optimal mode, the disc-shaped weight and the loading and unloading unit thereof are arranged in the following modes:

the disc-shaped weights comprise a plurality of stacked disc-shaped weights 22 with flanges at the edges, a weighing part and a loading and unloading part; the weighing section includes a weight tray 23 for holding the disc-shaped weight for weighing.

The loading and unloading part (disc-shaped weight loading and unloading unit) comprises at least three code pulling rods 16 with the same structure, which are distributed on the periphery of the disc-shaped weight 22 in a concentric direction; the plurality of the tension rods 16 are respectively and synchronously connected with a vertical driving unit which moves up and down in a mode of rotating around the axes of the tension rods. As shown in fig. 8, each code bar 16 is connected by a fixed toothed pulley 15 to a toothed belt 14 that encircles the entire code bar 16 and the outside of the disc-shaped weight 22. The inner side of the toothed belt wheel 15 which surrounds it is supported outwards by means of a toothed belt idler 36 on the outside of the disc-shaped weight 22.

As shown in fig. 9 to 19, the code rod 16 is provided with a radially outward overlapping convex disk 95 corresponding to the flange of each layer of the disc-shaped weights 22 in the axial direction.

As shown in fig. 9 to 12, 16, and 18, the overlapping surface (as shown in fig. 6) of the overlapping convex plate 95 of each layer and the flange of the disc-shaped weight 22 gradually increases in the direction from bottom to top of the stack rod 16, so that the stack rod 16 rotates for one circle from bottom to top from the time when the disc-shaped weight 22 and each layer of the overlapping convex plate 95 are completely overlapped, and the overlapping convex plates 95 of each layer and the disc-shaped weight 22 are separated from overlapping one another one by one. Specifically, as shown in fig. 9 to 12, 16, and 18, and with reference to fig. 14, 17, and 19, structures in which three overlapping convex plates 95 are engaged with three disc-shaped weights 22, four overlapping convex plates 95 are engaged with four disc-shaped weights 22, and five overlapping convex plates 95 are engaged with five disc-shaped weights 22 are shown. Fig. 9-12, three overlapping flanges 95 and three disc-shaped weights 22, as the code bar 16 rotates, show different overlapping positions.

According to the above description, one end of each of the plurality of tie bars 16 is further provided with a tie bar angle control device 10 for driving the tie bars to rotate around the axis. The vertical driving unit of the invention comprises an intermediate plate 7 which is driven by a driving component to move up and down; each tension rod 16 is arranged through the middle plate 7 through a bearing 13 and is fixed with the middle plate 7 in a vertical direction through a positioning part.

Further, the "contact surface" is specifically described. The disc-shaped weight 22 is a disc-shaped body, and the overlapping surface is a sector surface from the contact to the separation of the disc-shaped weight 22 and each layer of the overlapping convex disc 95, and the size of the sector surface can be determined by the angle of the sector surface of the disc. Preferably, the overlapping cam 95 is shown as an incomplete disk about the axis of the codebar 16; in order to ensure the loading of the disc-shaped weights at the uppermost layer, the lapping convex disc 95 at the uppermost layer is completely lost relative to the disc surface in one side direction of the code pulling rod 16, so that the lapping convex disc at the uppermost layer can be completely separated from the disc-shaped weights at the uppermost layer.

As shown in fig. 15, one end of one of the tension rods 16 is provided with a grating unit which measures the rotation position of the tension rod 16 by the light barrier 11 and the photoelectric sensor 12 according to the grating principle so as to determine the loading state of the disc-shaped weight 22.

Preferably, as shown in fig. 1, the contact surface of the piston weight 31 and the upper cylinder mouth of the basket weight 33 is aligned in a conical surface; the weight tray 23 of the hanging basket weight 33 is aligned with the disc-shaped weights 22 and the conical surfaces at the inner openings between two adjacent disc-shaped weights 22. Each cylindrical weight 20 and the tray weight 34 are matched with each other in an annular conical surface; optimally, the disc surface of the tray weight 34 is provided with grooves with annular conical surfaces at two sides, and the two annular conical surfaces are respectively aligned with the lower end surfaces of the two adjacent tubular weights 20.

The frame and lifting structure of the present invention is shown in fig. 27-31. The piston weight 31, the disc weight 22, and the cylindrical weight 20 are provided with vertically upward-pushing cylinders 99 in a peripheral symmetry, and are provided with a plurality of vertically oriented optical axes 4.

As shown in fig. 31, the optical axis 4 and the upper ceiling cylinder 99 are placed on the lower plate 9. As shown in fig. 27-30, the middle part of the optical axis 4 is penetrated with the middle plate 7 connected by the linear bearing 5, and the top part is connected with the upper plate 8; the middle plate 7 and the upper plate 8 are fixed into a whole by a middle connecting unit and are integrally fixed on the top of a piston mandril 89 of the upper jacking cylinder 99. The upper plate 8 is used as a driving component of the tubular weight 20 for driving the weight to move up and down and is connected with a code supporting tower 25; the intermediate plate 7 serves as the active part of the vertical drive unit for the disc-shaped weights 22, to which the tension rod 16 is connected.

The disc-shaped weight loading and unloading unit comprises an intermediate plate 7 which is driven by a driving component to move up and down; each code bar 16 penetrates through the middle plate 7 through a bearing 13 and is vertically fixed relative to the middle plate 7 through a positioning component.

The tubular weight loading and unloading unit includes an upper plate 8 that fixes the weight pulling cylinder 98 and the support tower 25. The middle plate 7 and the upper plate 8 are connected by a pull weight cylinder 98 and a support tower 25.

The support tower 25 is connected with the middle plate 7 through a connecting screw 88, the support tower 25 is connected with a pull weight cylinder 98 through a connecting screw 87, and the upper plate 8 is connected with the pull weight cylinder 98 through a connecting screw 96. In normal work, the weight pulling cylinder 98 can pull the code supporting tower 25 to drive the middle plate 7 to move up and down. When the middle plate 7 needs to be jacked up, the connecting screw 93 is unscrewed, so that the upper plate 8 is separated from the guide optical axis 4, and the piston mandril 89 of the upper jacking cylinder 99 jacks the upper plate 8 to drive the code pulling rod angle control device 10, namely the code supporting tower 25 part and the middle plate 7 to move upwards along the guide optical axis 4.

When the weights are arranged, the piston weights are located at the approximate center, tray weights and hanging basket weights are arranged on the piston weights, tubular weights are arranged on the tray weights, and disc-shaped weights are arranged on the hanging basket weights. The overall arrangement is that the cylindrical weight is arranged above and the disc-shaped weight is arranged below. Because the tubular weights do not influence each other during loading, the weight of the weights can be freely combined and loaded, and when the disc-shaped weights are loaded, the weights above need to be pressed on the weights below, and the weight sequential combined loading can only be realized. The weight free combined loading under the heavy weight condition is realized through the combined loading of the cylindrical weight and the disc-shaped weight.

The upper portion of the tubular weight is provided with a flange, the lower portion of the flange is provided with a telescopic support rod, one end, close to the flange, of the support rod can extend into the lower portion of the flange of the tubular weight, the tubular weight is lifted up and down, and loading and unloading of the tubular weight are achieved. The outer side of the upper part of the disc-shaped weight is provided with a flange, the lower part of the flange is provided with a code pulling rod with a changeable position, and the code pulling rod can extend into the lower part of the flange of the disc-shaped weight on different layers to control the sequential loading and unloading of the weights on different layers.

The lower part of the tubular weight is provided with a conical surface (an inner conical surface or an outer conical surface), the corresponding position on the tray weight is also provided with a conical surface which is correspondingly matched with the tubular weight (the tubular weight is the inner conical surface, the corresponding position on the tray weight is provided with the outer conical surface, the tubular weight is the outer conical surface, and the corresponding position on the tray weight is provided with the inner conical surface) so as to realize the accurate positioning of the tubular weight and ensure that the weight does not generate position deviation in the rotating process. The inner sides of the upper part and the lower part of the disc-shaped weights are provided with inner conical surfaces or outer conical surfaces, if the lower side of a certain weight adjacent to the upper layer of weights is an inner conical surface, the upper side of the layer of weights is an outer conical surface, and vice versa; if the upper side of a certain weight adjacent to the lower layer of weight is an inner conical surface, the lower side of the weight of the layer is an outer conical surface, and vice versa. The accuracy of the position of the tray-shaped weight in the loading and unloading process and the position deviation in the rotating process are ensured through the conical surface. Piston weight upper portion sets up the step cylinder, and tray weight lower part sets up matched with step cylinder with it, if what set up on the piston weight is outer cylinder, then be interior cylinder on the tray weight, if what set up on the piston weight is interior cylinder, then be outer cylinder on the tray weight, through the cooperation between the cylinder realization the two accurate positioning. The outer edge of the piston weight is provided with an outer conical surface, the inner side of the hanging scaffold weight is provided with an inner conical surface matched with the piston weight, and the piston weight and the hanging scaffold weight are accurately positioned through the conical surfaces. The upper surface of the disc at the lower part of the hanging scaffold weight is provided with an inner conical surface or an outer conical surface corresponding to the conical surface of the disc weight adjacent to the upper surface so as to realize accurate positioning between the disc weight and the hanging scaffold weight.

The tray weight, the hanging basket weight and the piston weight are only one, and the cylindrical weight and the disc weight are multiple. The weight and size of each weight were determined as follows.

Weight: the tubular weights are placed in the middle with the lightest weight and are sequentially arranged outwards according to the weight, and the tubular weights are placed on the outermost sides with the heaviest weight. The weight of the disc-shaped weights is equal. The weight of the hanging basket weight is equal to that of the disc-shaped weight. The sum of the weight of the piston weight and the weight of the tray weight is the minimum value identified by the instrument.

Size: the height of tube-shape weight is highly reduced from the centre to the outside in proper order, and the diameter increases in proper order, satisfies following relation:

diameter: di < Di + 1;

height: hi > Hi + 1.

D is the outer diameter of the cylindrical weight, D is the inner diameter of the cylindrical weight, i is the serial number of the cylindrical weight arranged from inside to outside, i is a natural number and i is more than or equal to 1.

The larger tubular weight and the disc-shaped weight adopt split combined weights, the tubular weight is in a split structure with ring-ring buckling type, and the outer edge of the inner ring split weight is provided with a step for fixing the outer ring split weight; the disc-shaped weights are of a split structure in a stacked mode layer by layer, and inclined planes are arranged on the upper side of the inner side of the lower-layer weight and the lower side of the outer side of the upper-layer weight to guarantee positioning. The split weight has the advantage of reducing the requirements of instruments and equipment when the weight is calibrated. The positioning of the weight in the device of the invention can be replaced by conical surfaces with different shapes and angles or other modes.

The upper plate 8, the optical axis 4, the middle plate 7, the lower plate 9, the support tower 25, the fixed sleeve or the linear bearing 3, the linear bearing 5 and the supporting leg 1 form a frame of the device; the cylindrical weight 20, the tray weight 34, the disc weight 22, the hanging basket weight 33 and the piston weight 31 form a weight load system of the device; the code pulling rod angle control device 10, the linear bearing 13, the toothed belt 14, the toothed belt wheel 15, the toothed belt idler wheel 36, the code pulling rod 16, the code supporting rod driving cylinder 24 and the code supporting rod 27 form a control mechanism for loading and unloading weights of the device; the belt 17, the belt pulley 18, the motor 19 and the air blowing column 28 form a weight rotation driving system of the device; the light barrier 11, the photoelectric sensor 12, the sensor support frame 30, the distance sensor 29 and the speed sensor 37 form an action position detection mechanism of the device; the upper jacking cylinder 99 and the connecting column 26 form a convenient operating mechanism for weight maintenance of the device.

The upper plate 8, the optical axis 4, the fixed sleeve or the linear bearing 3 and the lower plate 9 are fixedly connected, the middle plate 7 and the support tower 25 are fixedly connected, and the middle plate 7 can slide up and down along the optical axis 4 through the linear bearing 5; the upper plate 8 and the support tower are connected through the weight cylinder 98, the movement of the weight cylinder 98 can realize that the support tower 25 drives the support rod 27, the tubular weight up-and-down movement is realized to add the unloading action to the tubular weight, and simultaneously, the support tower 25 can be driven to drive the middle plate 7 to drive the code pulling rod 16 to move up and down, so that the disc-shaped weight up-and-down movement is realized, and the loading and unloading action to the disc-shaped weight is carried out.

And a code supporting rod arranged on a code supporting tower 25 drives the air cylinder 24 to drive the code supporting rod 27 to move in a telescopic mode along the horizontal direction, so that the relative position of the code supporting rod and a flange of the cylindrical weight is controlled, and the action control of different cylindrical weights is realized. According to the height of the cylindrical weight, a plurality of layers of code supporting rods 27 are arranged, and on the same layer, a plurality of code supporting rods 27 are arranged, and generally not less than 3.

The lower part of the code pulling rod 16 is provided with a plurality of layers of incomplete disks, namely, disk steps with gaps, when the code pulling rod 16 rotates around the axis of the code pulling rod 16, the incomplete disk gaps and the flanges of the disk-shaped weights in different layers are located at different relative positions, the code pulling rod is driven by the code pulling rod angle control device 10 to rotate, the protruding parts of the incomplete disks on the code pulling rod are located at different positions and extend into the lower parts of the flanges of the disk-shaped weights 22 in different layers, and action control of different disk-shaped weights is achieved. A plurality of disc-shaped weights are stacked on the hanging basket weight 33 layer by layer, and a plurality of cylindrical weights are annularly sleeved on the tray weight 34 to realize loading. Through linear bearing 13, be provided with a plurality of code bar 16 on medium plate 7, generally be no less than 3, one of them code bar 16 links to each other with code bar angle controlling means 10 and can be driven by it, all sets up the profile of tooth band pulley on every code bar 16, links a plurality of code bar connections linkage through the profile of tooth band, guarantees that the incomplete disc on the different code bar of drawing is in the position along weight central symmetry. The toothed belt is tensioned by the provision of a toothed belt idler 36.

As shown in fig. 20-26, the blowing nozzles are arranged around the tray weight, the wind blocking holes are arranged at the upper edge of the tray weight, and when the rotating speed is insufficient, the tray weight is blown by air pressure to increase the rotating speed. When the pressurizing system is loaded, the pressure jacking piston drives the tray weight to jack the weight, and the weight tray drives the weight to start rotating under the action of the friction ring. Set up the sensor in tray weight below, real-time measurement tray weight rotational speed, after the rotational speed is less than the rotational speed of friction ring, control system control air cock blows to the tray weight, make tray weight rotational speed increase, guarantee like this that the weight rotational speed reaches or surpasss the minimum of corresponding standard regulation all the time, unload or load when the weight, when needing tray weight and friction ring contact, the tray weight is close with the rotational speed of friction ring, the wearing and tearing that the relative motion speed difference produced the friction and probably lead to have been avoided, when using for a long time with the improvement instrument, measurement accuracy's stability.

Specifically, the hydraulic medium in the cylinder 35 pushes the piston weight 31, so as to drive the loaded weight to jack up and suspend. When the piston was not by jack-up, terminal surface and friction ring 32 up end contact under the piston weight 31, friction ring 32 drives piston weight 31 and drives other weights rotatory, when piston weight 31 was by jack-up, loaded tube-shape weight and disc weight, hanging flower basket weight, piston weight and tray weight rely on inertia to continue to rotate, under some circumstances, when relying on inertia not enough to maintain the weight and continuously rotate, set up the gas column 28 and drive the weight to keeping rotatory as independent power supply. The friction ring 32 is rotated by means of a motor 19 connected to the base plate.

The floating and rotating processes of the code disc are as follows: when the pressure of the hydraulic medium in the oil cylinder 35 is sufficient, the piston weight 31 is pushed, and the loaded weight is driven to jack up and suspend. When piston weight has not been by jack-up yet, terminal surface and friction ring 32 up end contact under the piston weight 31 outside, motor 19 drives belt 17 through the belt pulley and drives the friction ring again and pass through frictional force and drive piston weight 31 and other weights rotatory, and when piston weight 31 was by jack-up, loaded tube-shape and disc weight, hanging flower basket weight, piston weight and tray weight rely on inertia to continue to rotate. The air blowing column 28 is arranged to be used as an auxiliary power source to blow air to the tray weight, and under the condition that no external mechanical friction force acts on the weight system, when the rotating inertia of the weight is not enough to maintain the weight to rotate continuously, the weight can rotate continuously.

The figure includes a pneumatic controller 83, a pressurizing device 84, a control device 85, and a compression nut 81.

Tray weight 34 is supported on piston weight 31, places the weight on tray weight 34, and when tray weight 34 was not by the jack-up, piston weight 31 contacted with lower part friction ring 32, and when the piston received pressure to be jacked up, tray weight 34 and on it the weight can together be by the jack-up, tray weight 34 and friction ring 32 break away from the contact. A plurality of air nozzles are symmetrically arranged along the circumference of the tray weight, and the included angle between the air outlets of the air nozzles and the tray weight is alpha (alpha is more than or equal to 0 and less than or equal to 90). When the tray weight rotates anticlockwise, the included angle of the tray weight is shown in fig. 21, and when the tray weight rotates clockwise, the included angle of the tray weight is shown in fig. 22. An electromagnetic valve is arranged between the air nozzle and the air source and is controlled by a control system. A speed sensor 37, preferably a photoelectric sensor, is arranged at the lower part of the tray weight 34, and a pattern coating (such as stripes and the like shown in figures 23 and 26) with two colors alternately is arranged on one side of the lower part of the tray weight 34, which faces the sensor, and is used for sensing a speed signal of the speed sensor, wherein the number of the patterns is more than or equal to 1.

In the use process, when the tray weight 34 is not jacked up, the piston weight 31 integrated with the tray weight 34 is contacted with the lower friction ring 32, the friction ring 32 is rotated by external force, and the tray weight 34 is driven to rotate by the friction ring 32. When the piston is pressed to jack up, the tray weight 34 and the weight on the tray weight are jacked up together, the piston weight 31 is separated from contact with the friction ring, and the rotation motion is maintained by inertia. When the inertia is insufficient, the rotating speed of the tray weight 34 and the weight is reduced, the rotating speed is sensed by the speed sensor and is transmitted to the control system, the control system controls the electromagnetic valve, the air nozzle 28 blows air to the tray weight 34, the rotating speed of the tray weight is accelerated, and the blowing is stopped when the predetermined speed is reached. In the whole process, all the air nozzles have the same radial included angle with the weight of the tray, the stress is uniform, the speed is accelerated, and the balance state of the weight tray and the weight is not broken.

In order to realize the measurement of the rotating speed of the weight, the figure shows the better implementation principle of the invention. The air nozzle can be in other pneumatic structural forms for accelerating the rotating speed of the tray weight, and the speed sensor can be a device for measuring the speed by other principles.

The code bar angle control device 10 can be controlled by a stepping motor, a servo motor or a rotary cylinder.

The light blocking sheet 11 is arranged on one of the code pulling rods, the code pulling rods drive the light blocking sheet to rotate when rotating, the plurality of photoelectric sensors 12 are arranged around the light blocking sheet, and when the code pulling rods rotate to different positions, the photoelectric sensors 12 can sense the positions of the code pulling rods, so that the angle of the code pulling rods can be known, and the disc-shaped weight can be known to be loaded and unloaded.

Two sensor holders 30 are provided, one for fixing the distance sensor 29 and the other for fixing the speed sensor 37. The height position of the code tray is measured by the distance sensor 29, and the weight rotation speed is measured by the speed sensor 37. The sensor support 30 is mounted on a slideway fixedly connected with the bottom plate (the slideway can be independently arranged, and can also be a groove on the outer vertical surface of the cylinder). The distance sensor 29 may be implemented as a hall sensor, and the speed sensor may be implemented as a photoelectric sensor, and a coating layer (or an adhesive layer) having different colors may be provided on the lower surface of the pallet.

The working process of the device mainly comprises the following steps: the weight loading process, the unloading process of all weights, the floating and rotating process of the code supporting disc and the process of putting the weights into and taking the weights out of the device.

And (3) loading the weight: the piston weight 31 and the tray weight 34 are always in a loaded state. The loading of the tubular weight 20, all the tubular weight 20 are put on the tray weight 34 initially, the code bar drives the cylinder 24 to move, so that the connected code bar 27 is driven to extend to the lower part of the weight flange corresponding to the non-loaded tubular weight, the weight cylinder 98 is pulled to move, the weight to be unloaded is lifted to realize the unloading of the tubular weight, and the non-unloaded weight is the loaded weight. The loading of disc weight 22 and hanging flower basket weight 33, all disc weights 22 are put on hanging flower basket weight 33 at the beginning, control the turned angle of code bar 16, will draw incomplete disc bulge below the code bar to change to not loading disc weight or hanging flower basket weight 33's flange below, draw the action of weight cylinder 98, will lift the weight that will unload and realize the uninstallation of weight, the weight that does not uninstall is loaded weight promptly.

Unloading process of all weights: stretch out all vaulting pole 27 to corresponding weight flange lower part, simultaneously, control draws the yardage pole turned angle and will draw incomplete disc bulge in yard pole below to turn to all weight flange belows, draws the action of weight cylinder 98, drives all weights and upwards lifts up, uninstalls all weights.

The process of putting weights into and taking weights out of the device: when the weights need to be detached from the device for weight detection and other operations, the rotating angles of the code supporting rod driving air cylinder 24 and the code pulling rod 16 are controlled, all the weights are in a loading state, namely the tubular weight 20 is in contact with the tray weight 34, and the disc-shaped weight 22 is in contact with the hanging basket weight 33. The upper plate 8 and the optical axis 4 are disconnected, the upper jacking cylinder 99 moves, the upper plate 8 is jacked to drive the code supporting tower 25 and the middle plate 7, and then the code pulling rod 16 is driven to integrally move upwards, so that all weights are exposed, and the weights can be conveniently placed in and taken out.

The principle of the invention is shown in the figures. The device of the invention adopts a preferred mode of pneumatic driving of a middle pull weight cylinder 98, a brace rod driving cylinder 24 and an upper jacking cylinder 99, but can be realized by a screw nut mechanism, a hydraulic oil cylinder mechanism, an electromagnetic driving mechanism or other mechanisms capable of realizing linear motion. The power device can be correspondingly an air pump, an electric motor, a hydraulic motor and the like. The distance sensor 29 and the speed sensor 37 are disposed below the bottom of the tray weight 34, and may be disposed above the tray weight 34 or in other locations instead. The pull weight cylinder 98 is disposed above the support tower 25, and the pull weight cylinder 98 may be disposed on the top plate 8, or may be replaced in other ways and locations that allow relative movement between the support tower 25 and the top plate 8. The tubular weight is 6 in this figure, and there are 6 layers in the support yard tower that corresponds, and the vaulting pole that every layer set up has 3. In practice, N tubular weights can be set as required, the number of the stacking tower layers can be larger than or equal to N, and the number of the corresponding support rods on each layer is larger than or equal to 2. The disk-shaped weights in the drawing are 3, the number of incomplete disk steps arranged on each code pulling rod is 3, and the number of the code pulling rods is 3. In practice, N disc-shaped weights can be arranged as required, the number of the incomplete disc steps of each code pulling rod is not less than N layers, and the number of the code pulling rods is not less than 2. The rotation angle of the code pulling rod is controlled by a position sensor, and 3 weights correspond to 4 position sensors. If N weights are arranged, N +1 position sensors are needed to sense the rotation angle of the code pulling rod, and therefore loading and unloading substitution of the disc-shaped weights is achieved. The position sensor is preferably a photoelectric sensor, but other sensors can be used instead. The toothed belt 14 and the toothed pulley 15 may be provided below the linear bearing 13 or may be provided above the linear bearing 13.

The supporting leg 1 is fixed with a lower plate 9, a linear bearing 3 is arranged on the lower plate 9, the linear bearing 3 is used for positioning the guide optical axis 4, and a guide sleeve or a fixed sleeve can be selected. The lower plate 9 and the upper plate 8 are connected by the guide optical axis 4, the intermediate plate 7 is connected with the linear bearing 5, and the linear bearing 5 can move up and down on the guide optical axis 4. An upper ejection cylinder 99 is installed between the lower plate 9 and the upper plate 8, and a cylinder piston (piston ejector 89) and a cylinder body are connected to the lower plate 9 and the upper plate 8, respectively.

When the upper plate 8 and the weight loading and unloading device need to be lifted, the screw 93 between the fixed upper plate 8 and the guide optical axis 4 is unscrewed, the upper jacking cylinder 99 acts, the upper plate 8, the weight loading and unloading device 80 and the middle plate 7 are jacked up, the spring pin 6 is arranged on the connecting sleeve outside the linear bearing 5, the annular groove is formed in the guide optical axis 4, when the upper jacking cylinder 99 jacks the upper plate 8, the weight loading and unloading device 80 and the middle plate 7, the spring pin 6 is inserted into the annular groove of the guide optical axis 4 or is not arranged, the spring pin 6 is directly inserted into the upper end face of the linear sliding rail 4, so that when the upper jacking cylinder 99 is suddenly out of gas, the upper plate 8 suddenly falls, and the personal safety of an operator when the weight is taken out and put in is ensured.

The principle of the invention is shown in the figures. The jacking cylinder can be realized by a screw rod nut mechanism, a hydraulic oil cylinder mechanism, an electromagnetic driving mechanism or other mechanisms capable of realizing linear motion.

The invention combines the free combination code adding mode of the cylindrical weight and the sequential combination code adding mode of the disc-shaped weight, fully utilizes the advantages of the two code adding modes, and realizes the combination and loading of different weights by using less weights and smaller volume.

In addition, the air tap is adopted as auxiliary power to drive the weight to rotate, so that the code supporting disc can rotate under the condition of no mechanical friction force, and the external interference is effectively reduced. The sensor is adopted to sense the rotating speed of the weight, so that the running state of the weight can be monitored in real time, and the reliability of a measuring result is improved. The jacking cylinder is adopted to jack up the code supporting rod and the code supporting tower supporting the code supporting rod, and the like, so that the weights can be conveniently taken out and put in.

The device adopts a three-plate structure, an upper plate, a lower plate and a linear slide rail are fixed to form a basic frame, and an intermediate plate can move on the linear slide rail; the lower plate is connected with the intermediate plate through a fixing sleeve, the fixing sleeve can be a linear bearing, the linear slide rail is fixed on the lower plate through the fixing sleeve and a backing plate, and the intermediate plate can move up and down through the linear bearing; the device can be provided with a corresponding device for controlling the actions of weight loading and unloading, floating and the like, so as to realize automatic loading and unloading.

The piston pressure gauge mainly relies on the manual work to realize that the weight adds the uninstallation to adding the weight at present, does not have the device that supports the direction to guarantee the stability reliability of work. And the linear bearing is installed by adopting a three-plate structure, the middle plate moves on the linear slide rail through the linear bearing to realize the action of loading and unloading weights, and the structure is simple and practical, and the reliability and the stability are high. The problems of inclination and the like when the weight is loaded can not occur. The jacking cylinder is adopted to jack the upper plate and control the weight loading and unloading device, so that the physical labor can be reduced, and the weights can be conveniently and quickly placed in and taken out.

The invention ensures that the rotating speed of the tray weight and the weight meet the set value without generating obvious interference to the system. When the tray weight rotates inertia not enough, apply external force to the tray weight and make the tray weight rotate, when the effort was applyed to the manual work, its size of unable accurate control destroyed the original rotation state of tray weight easily, has reduced measurement efficiency and reading accuracy nature to probably produce the injury to the piston rod. The air nozzles are uniformly arranged around the tray weight, so that the air pressure generated on the tray weight is uniformly distributed along the periphery of the tray weight, the tray weight is uniformly stressed, and the air blowing acceleration process cannot generate obvious interference on the rotation of the tray weight.

The invention ensures that the rotating speeds of the tray weight and the friction ring are basically consistent in the contact process when the weight is unloaded or loaded, and avoids the possible inaccurate weight of the weight caused by abrasion generated by friction when the tray weight and the friction ring are in contact. The tray weight of the existing piston pressure gauge is identified by an operator, the rotating speed of the tray weight can be detected in real time by adopting the speed sensor, when the speed is found to be lower than the specified speed, the control system controls the air nozzle to blow air to increase the rotating speed of the tray weight to a set value, namely the rotating speed of the tray weight can be always close to the set value (can be the rotating speed of a friction ring) in the whole metering process, and the friction possibly caused by the inconsistency of the rotating speeds of the tray weight and the friction ring is avoided.

The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art should be able to cover the technical solutions and the inventive concepts of the present invention within the technical scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An integral weight loading mechanism for an improved tubular weight is characterized by comprising a piston weight (31) which is connected with a lower piston rod (92) and used for weighing or pressure calibration;

the upper part of the piston weight (31) is connected with a tray weight (34) through a connecting structure; a group of sleeved cylindrical weights (20) is arranged on the tray weight (34);

vertical top air cylinders (99) are symmetrically arranged on the peripheries of the piston weight (31) and the cylindrical weight (20), and a plurality of vertical guide optical axes (4) are arranged; the optical axis (4) and the upper jacking cylinder (99) are arranged on the lower plate (9); the optical axis (4) penetrates through the upper plate (8);

the upper plate (8) is fixed on the top of a piston mandril (89) of the upper jacking cylinder (99);

the tubular weight (20) is provided with a tubular weight loading and unloading unit connected with the upper plate (8); the tubular weight and the loading and unloading unit of the tubular weight have the following structures:

the upper end of each layer of the tubular weights (20) is provided with a driving mechanism for driving the tubular weights (20) to move up and down; a tray weight (34) for weighing or pressure detection is arranged below the cylindrical weight (20); the height of the tubular weight (20) is gradually reduced from inside to outside; a supporting bulge (91) is arranged on the outer cylindrical surface of the upper end of each cylindrical weight (20);

the driving mechanism comprises a group of horizontally telescopic code supporting rods (27) which are arranged on the circumference of the supporting bulge (91) of each cylindrical weight (20) at intervals, and the rear part of each code supporting rod (27) is connected with a code supporting rod driving cylinder (24); each brace rod driving cylinder (24) is fixed on a support tower (25) vertically driven by a weight pulling cylinder (98);

the upper plate (8) is fixed with the pull weight cylinder (98);

the code supporting tower (25) is arranged in a tower-shaped structure corresponding to the top of the cylindrical weight (20); each group of the brace rods (27) is at least 3;

the code supporting tower (25) is connected with the middle plate (7) through a connecting screw (88), the code supporting tower (25) is connected with the weight pulling cylinder (98) through a connecting screw (87), and the upper plate (8) is connected with the weight pulling cylinder (98) through a connecting screw (96);

the upper part of the piston weight (31) is hung at the center of the upper barrel mouth of the cylindrical hanging basket weight (33); the outer side of the bottom of the cylinder wall of the hanging basket weight (33) is connected with a radial annular weight tray (23), and annular disc-shaped weights (22) which are arranged in a stacked mode are borne on the weight tray (23);

the middle part of the optical axis (4) is provided with a middle plate (7) connected by a linear bearing (5) in a penetrating way, and the top part of the middle plate is connected with the upper plate (8); the middle plate (7) and the upper plate (8) are fixed into a whole by a middle connecting unit and are integrally fixed on the top of a piston mandril (89) of the upper jacking cylinder (99); the upper plate (8) is used as a driving part of the tubular weight (20) for driving the weight to move up and down and is connected with a code supporting tower (25); the middle plate (7) is used as a driving component of the vertical driving unit of the disc-shaped weight (22) and is connected with a code pulling rod (16);

in addition, a blowing column (28) is arranged outside the tray weight (34);

the weight rotation driving system is composed of the air blowing column (28), the belt (17), the belt pulley (18) and the motor (19).