CN110159663B - Bearing play pre-tightening method and bearing structure - Google Patents

Bearing play pre-tightening method and bearing structure Download PDF

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Publication number
CN110159663B
CN110159663B CN201910549240.XA CN201910549240A CN110159663B CN 110159663 B CN110159663 B CN 110159663B CN 201910549240 A CN201910549240 A CN 201910549240A CN 110159663 B CN110159663 B CN 110159663B
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bearings
group
mounting sleeve
bearing
spacer bush
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CN110159663A (en
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胡子俊
林祖建
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WUHU HENGSHENG HEAVY MACHINE TOOL CO Ltd
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WUHU HENGSHENG HEAVY MACHINE TOOL CO Ltd
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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16CSHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C35/00Rigid support of bearing units; Housings, e.g. caps, covers
    • F16C35/04Rigid support of bearing units; Housings, e.g. caps, covers in the case of ball or roller bearings
    • F16C35/06Mounting or dismounting of ball or roller bearings; Fixing them onto shaft or in housing

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Mounting Of Bearings Or Others (AREA)
  • Support Of The Bearing (AREA)
  • Rolling Contact Bearings (AREA)

Abstract

The invention provides a bearing clearance pre-tightening method applied to the technical field of boring and milling machine parts, and also relates to a bearing structure, wherein a first group of bearings (1), a mounting sleeve (2), an outer spacer bush (3), a second group of bearings (4) and an inner spacer bush (9) of the bearing structure are respectively sleeved on the mounting sleeve (2), one bearing of the first group of bearings (1) is attached to a limiting boss (12) of the mounting sleeve (1), the inner spacer bush (9) is positioned at the inner ring of the outer spacer bush (3), a fastening nut (6) is screwed on a threaded part (5) of the mounting sleeve (2), and the thickness dimension of the outer spacer bush (3) is set to be equal to the thickness dimension of the inner spacer bush (9).

Description

Bearing play pre-tightening method and bearing structure
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of boring and milling machine parts, and particularly relates to a bearing clearance pre-tightening method and a bearing structure.
Background
On boring and milling machine equipment, bearings are an essential component. When the bearing is installed on the boring and milling machine, particularly when a plurality of groups of bearings are installed, the clearance of the bearings needs to be controlled, so that the clearance of the bearings is in an ideal state. If the bearing play is too large, the bearing is too loose, and shaking occurs during working, so that the precision of equipment is affected. And the bearing play is too small, so that the bearings are too tight, the bearings are mutually extruded, the abrasion is serious, and the service life is influenced. Therefore, bearing play adjustment is extremely important.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problems to be solved by the invention are as follows: aiming at the defects of the prior art, the bearing clearance pre-tightening method has the advantages of simple steps and low cost, and can effectively control the bearing clearance when the bearing is installed, so that the bearing works in an ideal working state, the service life of the bearing is protected, the precision of equipment is improved, and the product quality of the equipment for processing products is ensured to meet the requirement.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
the invention relates to a bearing clearance pre-tightening method, which comprises the following pre-tightening steps: 1) Sleeving the first group of bearings on the mounting sleeve, and sleeving the outer spacer sleeve on the mounting sleeve; 2) Sleeving the second group of bearings on the mounting sleeve, and screwing a fastening nut on a threaded part at the outer end of the mounting sleeve; 3) Tightening the fastening nut according to the standard clearance parameters of the first group of bearings and the second group of bearings, so that the actual clearance parameters of the first group of bearings and the second group of bearings are in the standard clearance parameter range, and respectively marking scale marks on the fastening nut and the mounting sleeve, wherein the scale marks on the fastening nut and the mounting sleeve are positioned on the same straight line; 4) A block gauge is placed in a notch of the mounting sleeve, and the actual gap size of the first group of bearings and the actual gap size of the second group of bearings are measured; 5) Unscrewing the fastening nut, taking down the fastening nut, taking out the block gauge, adjusting and grinding the thickness dimension of the inner spacer according to the actual thickness dimension of the block gauge, so that the thickness dimension of the inner spacer is equal to the actual thickness dimension of the block gauge, taking down the second group of bearings, installing the inner spacer, and installing the second group of bearings; 6) And (5) screwing the fastening nut until the fastening nut and the scale marks on the mounting sleeve are positioned on the same straight line again, and completing the bearing clearance pre-tightening.
The first group of bearings comprises more than two bearings, the second group of bearings comprises more than two bearings, the bearings of the first group of bearings are all angular contact ball bearings, and the bearings of the second group of bearings are all angular contact ball bearings.
The installation sleeve comprises an installation sleeve body and an installation sleeve end head part, and when the first group of bearings are sleeved on the installation sleeve, the bearings of the first group of bearings close to the installation sleeve end head part are attached to the limit boss of the installation sleeve end head part.
When the second group of bearings are sleeved on the mounting sleeve, one side face of the outer spacer is attached to one bearing side face of the first group of bearings, and the other side face of the outer spacer is attached to one bearing side face of the second group of bearings.
When the fastening nut is screwed down, the spanner applies force to the fastening nut to screw down.
The invention also relates to a bearing structure which has simple structure and low cost, can effectively control the bearing clearance when the bearing is installed, ensures that the bearing works in an ideal working state, protects the service life of the bearing, improves the precision of equipment and ensures that the quality of the product meets the requirement when the equipment processes the product.
The bearing structure comprises a first group of bearings, a mounting sleeve, an outer spacer, a second group of bearings and an inner spacer, wherein the first group of bearings, the mounting sleeve, the outer spacer, the second group of bearings and the inner spacer are sleeved on the mounting sleeve respectively, one bearing of the first group of bearings is attached to a limiting boss of the mounting sleeve, the outer spacer and the inner spacer are clamped between the first group of bearings and the second group of bearings respectively, the inner spacer is positioned on an inner ring of the outer spacer, a fastening nut is screwed on a threaded part of the mounting sleeve, and the thickness dimension of the outer spacer is set to be equal to that of the inner spacer.
The installation sleeve comprises an installation sleeve body and an installation sleeve end head part, when the first group of bearings are sleeved on the installation sleeve, one bearing of the first group of bearings, which is close to the installation sleeve end head part, is arranged to be capable of being attached to a limiting boss of the installation sleeve end head part.
The outer surface of the installation sleeve body of the installation sleeve is provided with a plurality of notches along the circumference of the outer surface of the installation sleeve body, and the notches are arranged in a structure according to gaps.
The first group of bearings comprises more than two bearings, the second group of bearings comprises more than two bearings, the bearings of the first group of bearings are all angular contact ball bearings, and the bearings of the second group of bearings are all angular contact ball bearings.
The thread part is arranged at the outer surface of the mounting sleeve body of the mounting sleeve.
By adopting the technical scheme of the invention, the following beneficial effects can be obtained:
according to the bearing clearance pre-tightening method and the bearing structure, when the bearing is installed on the boring and milling machine, the bearing is not directly installed on the corresponding position, but the bearing is installed through the matched connection of the first group of bearings, the installation sleeve, the outer spacer, the second group of bearings and the inner spacer. When the bearing is installed, the scheme of the invention is adopted to pretighten the bearing clearance, and then the inner spacer bush is adjusted and ground according to the size measured by the block gauge during pretightening, so that the thickness size of the inner spacer bush is consistent with the thickness size of the outer spacer bush. Therefore, after the inner spacer bush and the outer spacer bush are installed, the inner spacer bush and the outer spacer bush play a reliable supporting and limiting role on the two groups of bearings, the problems of bearing shaking and the like caused by different thickness sizes of the inner spacer bush and the outer spacer bush are avoided, meanwhile, the thickness sizes of the inner spacer bush and the outer spacer bush are consistent, and the fastening force of the fastening nut is set, through the setting of scales, the force is kept consistent when the inner spacer bush and the outer spacer bush are pre-tightened and are actually screwed after being installed, so that the bearing play is in an ideal state, and the bearing can reliably work. The bearing clearance pre-tightening method and the bearing structure have the advantages that the steps are simple, the structure is simple, the bearing clearance can be effectively controlled when the bearing is installed, the bearing can work in an ideal working state, the service life of the bearing is protected, the precision of equipment is improved, and the product quality of the equipment in processing products is ensured.
Drawings
The following is a brief description of what is expressed in the drawings of this specification and the references in the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a bearing structure according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a bearing structure according to the present invention when it is put into a block gauge;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a bearing structure according to the present invention when a fastening nut is tightened by a wrench;
the reference numerals in the drawings are: 1. a first set of bearings; 2. a mounting sleeve; 3. an outer spacer; 4. a second set of bearings; 5. a threaded portion; 6. a fastening nut; 7. a notch; 8. a block gauge; 9. an inner spacer; 10. a mounting sleeve body; 11. installing the end part of the sleeve; 12. a limit boss; 13. and (5) a spanner.
Detailed Description
The following describes the shape, structure, mutual position and connection relation between parts, action of parts and working principle of the specific embodiment of the present invention by describing examples in further detail:
as shown in fig. 1-3, the invention provides a bearing clearance pre-tightening method, which comprises the following pre-tightening steps: 1) Sleeving the first group of bearings 1 on the mounting sleeve 2, and sleeving the outer spacer 3 on the mounting sleeve 2; 2) The second group of bearings 4 are sleeved on the mounting sleeve 2, and then the screw thread part 5 at the outer end of the mounting sleeve 2 is screwed with the fastening nut 6; 3) According to the standard clearance parameters of the first group of bearings 1 and the second group of bearings 4, tightening the fastening nut 6, so that the actual clearance parameters of the first group of bearings 1 and the second group of bearings 4 are in the standard clearance parameter range, respectively marking scale marks on the fastening nut 6 and the mounting sleeve 2, and positioning the scale marks on the fastening nut 6 and the mounting sleeve 2 on the same straight line; 4) Placing a block gauge 8 in a gap 7 of the mounting sleeve 2, and measuring the actual gap sizes of the first group of bearings 1 and the second group of bearings 4; 5) Unscrewing the fastening nut 6, removing the fastening nut 6, taking out the block gauge 8, adjusting and grinding the thickness dimension of the inner spacer bush 9 according to the actual thickness dimension of the block gauge 8 so that the thickness dimension of the inner spacer bush 9 is equal to the actual thickness dimension of the block gauge 8, removing the second group of bearings 4, installing the inner spacer bush 9, and installing the second group of bearings 4; 6) And (5) screwing the fastening nut 6 until the fastening nut 6 and the scale marks on the mounting sleeve 2 are positioned on the same straight line again, and completing the bearing clearance pre-tightening. In the above steps, when the bearing is installed on the boring and milling machine, the bearing is not directly installed at the corresponding position, but the bearing is installed through the matched connection of the first group of bearings 1, the installation sleeve 2, the outer spacer 3, the second group of bearings 4 and the inner spacer 9. When the bearing is installed, the scheme of the invention is adopted to pretighten the bearing clearance, and then the inner spacer bush is adjusted and ground according to the size measured by the block gauge during pretightening, so that the thickness size of the inner spacer bush is consistent with the thickness size of the outer spacer bush. Therefore, after the inner spacer bush and the outer spacer bush are installed, the inner spacer bush and the outer spacer bush play a reliable supporting and limiting role on the two groups of bearings, the problems of bearing shaking and the like caused by different thickness sizes of the inner spacer bush and the outer spacer bush are avoided, meanwhile, the thickness sizes of the inner spacer bush and the outer spacer bush are consistent, and the fastening force of the fastening nut is set, through the setting of scales, the force is kept consistent when the inner spacer bush and the outer spacer bush are pre-tightened and are actually screwed after being installed, so that the bearing play is in an ideal state, and the bearing can reliably work. The bearing clearance pre-tightening method disclosed by the invention has the advantages of simple steps and low cost, and can effectively control the bearing clearance when the bearing is installed, so that the bearing works in an ideal working state, the service life of the bearing is protected, the precision of equipment is improved, and the product quality of the equipment when the product is processed is ensured.
The first group of bearings 1 comprises more than two bearings, the second group of bearings 4 comprises more than two bearings, the bearings of the first group of bearings 1 are all angular contact ball bearings, and the bearings of the second group of bearings 4 are all angular contact ball bearings. The installation sleeve 2 (tool sleeve) comprises an installation sleeve body 10 and an installation sleeve end head 11, and when the first group of bearings 1 are sleeved on the installation sleeve 2, the bearings of the first group of bearings 1, which are close to the installation sleeve end head 11, are attached to a limit boss 12 of the installation sleeve end head 11. When the second group of bearings 4 are sleeved on the mounting sleeve 2, one side face of the outer spacer bush 3 is attached to one bearing side face of the first group of bearings 1, and the other side face of the outer spacer bush 3 is attached to one bearing side face of the second group of bearings 4. When tightening the fastening nut 6, the fastening nut 6 is tightened by applying force by the wrench 13. According to the structure, when the two groups of bearings are installed, the first group of bearings, the outer spacer bush, the second group of bearings and the fastening nut are installed on the installation bush, and the fastening nut is screwed to pre-tighten the two groups of bearings according to the standard pre-tightening force (the standard pre-tightening force of the bearings, a specific numerical value is fixed on a bearing sample, and each bearing has a determined standard pre-tightening force numerical value). And then the clearance between the bearing sets is measured through a block gauge, namely the thickness dimension of the outer spacer is measured, and then the thickness dimension of the inner spacer is adjusted and ground according to the thickness dimension measured by the block gauge, so that the thickness dimension of the inner spacer is the same as the thickness dimension of the outer spacer. Then the fastening nut and the second group of bearings are disassembled, the inner spacer bush is installed on the installation sleeve, and then the second group of bearings and the fastening nut are installed. At this time, the inner spacer is positioned between the first group of bearings and the second group of bearings, and the inner spacer is positioned at the inner ring of the outer spacer. And then tightening the fastening nut, so that the fastening nut is tightened to the position of the scale mark between the fastening nut and the mounting sleeve during pre-tightening, and the bearing pre-tightening is completed. At this time, the bearing clearance is in the ideal state, and the bearing during operation can effectively avoid too fast wearing and tearing or rocking.
The invention also relates to a bearing structure, which comprises a first group of bearings 1, a mounting sleeve 2, an outer spacer 3, a second group of bearings 4 and an inner spacer 9, wherein the first group of bearings 1, the mounting sleeve 2, the outer spacer 3, the second group of bearings 4 and the inner spacer 9 are respectively sleeved on the mounting sleeve 2, one bearing of the first group of bearings 1 is attached to a limit boss 12 of the mounting sleeve 1, the outer spacer 3 and the inner spacer 9 are respectively clamped between the first group of bearings 1 and the second group of bearings 4, the inner spacer 9 is positioned at the inner ring of the outer spacer 3, a fastening nut 6 is screwed on a threaded part 5 of the mounting sleeve 2, and the thickness dimension of the outer spacer 3 is set to be equal to the thickness dimension of the inner spacer 9. According to the structure, when the two groups of bearings are installed, the first group of bearings, the outer spacer bush, the second group of bearings and the fastening nut are installed on the installation bush, the fastening nut is screwed according to the standard pretightening force (the standard pretightening force of the bearings is fixed on a bearing sample, each bearing has a determined standard pretightening force value), the two groups of bearings are pretightened, and scale marks are marked on the installation bush and the fastening nut. And then the clearance between the bearing sets is measured through a block gauge, namely the thickness dimension of the outer spacer is measured, and then the thickness dimension of the inner spacer is adjusted and ground according to the thickness dimension measured by the block gauge, so that the thickness dimension of the inner spacer is the same as the thickness dimension of the outer spacer. Then the fastening nut and the second group of bearings are disassembled, the inner spacer bush is installed on the installation sleeve, and then the second group of bearings and the fastening nut are installed. At this time, the inner spacer is positioned between the first group of bearings and the second group of bearings, and the inner spacer is positioned at the inner ring of the outer spacer. And then tightening the fastening nut, so that the fastening nut is tightened to the position of the scale mark between the fastening nut and the mounting sleeve during pre-tightening, and the bearing pre-tightening is completed. At this time, the bearing clearance is in the ideal state, and the bearing during operation can effectively avoid too fast wearing and tearing or rocking.
The installation sleeve 2 comprises an installation sleeve body 10 and an installation sleeve end head 11, and when the first group of bearings 1 are sleeved on the installation sleeve 2, one bearing of the first group of bearings 1, which is close to the installation sleeve end head 11, is arranged to be capable of being attached to a limit boss 12 of the installation sleeve end head 11.
The outer surface of the installation sleeve body 10 of the installation sleeve 2 is provided with a plurality of notches 7 along the circumference of the outer surface of the installation sleeve body 10, and the notches 7 are arranged in a structure according to gaps. Above-mentioned structure, the breach is used for placing the block gauge, is convenient for measure the clearance of measuring group bearing, adjusts the mill to the thickness of interior spacer according to the size that the block gauge measured again for interior spacer thickness satisfies the requirement.
The first group of bearings 1 comprises more than two bearings, the second group of bearings 4 comprises more than two bearings, the bearings of the first group of bearings 1 are all angular contact ball bearings, and the bearings of the second group of bearings 4 are all angular contact ball bearings. The screw portion 5 is provided at the outer surface position of the mounting bush body 10 of the mounting bush 2. Therefore, the fastening nut can be conveniently installed or detached, and is convenient to use.
According to the bearing clearance pre-tightening method and the bearing structure, when the bearing is installed on the boring and milling machine, the bearing is not directly installed on the corresponding position, but the bearing is installed through the matched connection of the first group of bearings, the installation sleeve, the outer spacer, the second group of bearings and the inner spacer. When the bearing is installed, the scheme of the invention is adopted to pretighten the bearing clearance, and then the inner spacer bush is adjusted and ground according to the size measured by the block gauge during pretightening, so that the thickness size of the inner spacer bush is consistent with the thickness size of the outer spacer bush. Therefore, after the inner spacer bush and the outer spacer bush are installed, the inner spacer bush and the outer spacer bush play a reliable supporting and limiting role on the two groups of bearings, the problems of bearing shaking and the like caused by different thickness sizes of the inner spacer bush and the outer spacer bush are avoided, meanwhile, the thickness sizes of the inner spacer bush and the outer spacer bush are consistent, and the fastening force of the fastening nut is set, through the setting of scales, the force is kept consistent when the inner spacer bush and the outer spacer bush are pre-tightened and are actually screwed after being installed, so that the bearing play is in an ideal state, and the bearing can reliably work. The bearing clearance pre-tightening method and the bearing structure have the advantages that the steps are simple, the structure is simple, the bearing clearance can be effectively controlled when the bearing is installed, the bearing can work in an ideal working state, the service life of the bearing is protected, the precision of equipment is improved, and the product quality of the equipment in processing products is ensured.
While the invention has been described above with reference to the accompanying drawings, it will be apparent that the specific implementation of the invention is not limited by the foregoing, but rather is within the scope of the invention as long as various modifications are made by the method concept and technical scheme of the invention, or the concept and technical scheme of the invention are directly applied to other occasions without modification.

Claims (7)

1. A bearing play pre-tightening method is characterized in that: the bearing clearance pre-tightening method comprises the following pre-tightening steps: 1) sleeving a first group of bearings (1) on a mounting sleeve (2), and sleeving an outer spacer sleeve (3) on the mounting sleeve (2); 2) Sleeving the second group of bearings (4) on the mounting sleeve (2), and then screwing a fastening nut (6) on a threaded part (5) at the outer end of the mounting sleeve (2); 3) According to standard clearance parameters of the first group of bearings (1) and the second group of bearings (4), tightening the fastening nut (6) so that the actual clearance parameters of the first group of bearings (1) and the second group of bearings (4) are in a standard clearance parameter range, respectively marking scale marks on the fastening nut (6) and the mounting sleeve (2), wherein the scale marks on the fastening nut (6) and the mounting sleeve (2) are positioned on the same straight line; 4) A block gauge (8) is placed in a notch (7) of the mounting sleeve (2), and the actual gap size of the first group of bearings (1) and the actual gap size of the second group of bearings (4) are measured; 5) Unscrewing the fastening nut (6), removing the fastening nut (6), taking out the block gauge (8), adjusting and grinding the thickness dimension of the inner spacer bush (9) according to the actual thickness dimension of the block gauge (8) so that the thickness dimension of the inner spacer bush (9) is equal to the actual thickness dimension of the block gauge (8), removing the second group of bearings (4), installing the inner spacer bush (9), and installing the second group of bearings (4); 6) And (3) screwing the fastening nut (6) until the fastening nut (6) and the scale marks on the mounting sleeve (2) are positioned on the same straight line again, and completing bearing clearance pre-tightening.
2. The bearing play pre-tightening method according to claim 1, characterized in that: the first group of bearings (1) comprises more than two bearings, the second group of bearings (4) comprises more than two bearings, the bearings of the first group of bearings (1) are all angular contact ball bearings, and the bearings of the second group of bearings (4) are all angular contact ball bearings.
3. The bearing play pretension method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: the mounting sleeve (2) comprises a mounting sleeve body (10) and a mounting sleeve end head (11), and when the first group of bearings (1) are sleeved on the mounting sleeve (2), the bearings of the first group of bearings (1) close to the mounting sleeve end head (11) are attached to a limiting boss (12) of the mounting sleeve end head (11).
4. The bearing play pretension method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: when the second group of bearings (4) are sleeved on the mounting sleeve (2), one side face of the outer spacer sleeve (3) is attached to one bearing side face of the first group of bearings (1), and the other side face of the outer spacer sleeve (3) is attached to one bearing side face of the second group of bearings (4).
5. The bearing play pretension method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: when the fastening nut (6) is screwed, the fastening nut (6) is screwed by applying force through a wrench (13).
6. The bearing structure of the bearing play pre-tightening method according to claim 1, characterized in that: the bearing structure comprises a first group of bearings (1), a mounting sleeve (2), an outer spacer bush (3), a second group of bearings (4) and an inner spacer bush (9), wherein the first group of bearings (1), the mounting sleeve (2), the outer spacer bush (3), the second group of bearings (4) and the inner spacer bush (9) are respectively sleeved on the mounting sleeve (2), one bearing of the first group of bearings (1) is attached to a limit boss (12) of the mounting sleeve (1), the outer spacer bush (3) and the inner spacer bush (9) are respectively clamped between the first group of bearings (1) and the second group of bearings (4), the inner spacer bush (9) is positioned at the inner ring of the outer spacer bush (3), a fastening nut (6) is screwed on a threaded part (5) of the mounting sleeve (2), and the thickness dimension of the outer spacer bush (3) is set to be equal to that of the inner spacer bush (9);
the mounting sleeve (2) comprises a mounting sleeve body (10) and a mounting sleeve end head (11), when the first group of bearings (1) are sleeved on the mounting sleeve (2), one bearing of the first group of bearings (1) close to the mounting sleeve end head (11) is of a structure which can be attached to a limit boss (12) of the mounting sleeve end head (11);
the outer surface of the installation sleeve body (10) of the installation sleeve (2) is provided with a plurality of notches (7) along the circumference of the outer surface of the installation sleeve body (10), and the notches (7) are arranged in a structure according to gaps;
the first group of bearings (1) comprises more than two bearings, the second group of bearings (4) comprises more than two bearings, the bearings of the first group of bearings (1) are all angular contact ball bearings, and the bearings of the second group of bearings (4) are all angular contact ball bearings.
7. The bearing structure of claim 6, wherein: the thread part (5) is arranged at the outer surface of the mounting sleeve body (10) of the mounting sleeve (2).
CN201910549240.XA 2019-06-24 2019-06-24 Bearing play pre-tightening method and bearing structure Active CN110159663B (en)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN110985552A (en) * 2019-12-26 2020-04-10 广州恩梯恩裕隆传动系统有限公司 Tool for eliminating pre-tightening force of angular contact shaft

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CN211231316U (en) * 2019-06-24 2020-08-11 芜湖恒升重型机床股份有限公司 Bearing structure

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