CN106991200A - A kind of sliding bearing end cap installs gap width design method - Google Patents

A kind of sliding bearing end cap installs gap width design method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN106991200A
CN106991200A CN201610036639.4A CN201610036639A CN106991200A CN 106991200 A CN106991200 A CN 106991200A CN 201610036639 A CN201610036639 A CN 201610036639A CN 106991200 A CN106991200 A CN 106991200A
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China
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bearing
bolt
load
cover
ball
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CN201610036639.4A
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Inventor
王奎
刘利军
胡广云
屠丹红
王雁冰
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Hudong Heavy Machinery Co Ltd
China Shipbuilding Power Engineering Institute Co Ltd
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Hudong Heavy Machinery Co Ltd
China Shipbuilding Power Engineering Institute Co Ltd
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Priority to CN201610036639.4A priority Critical patent/CN106991200A/en
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G06COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06FELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F30/00Computer-aided design [CAD]
    • G06F30/10Geometric CAD
    • G06F30/17Mechanical parametric or variational design
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16CSHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C33/00Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
    • F16C33/72Sealings
    • F16C33/74Sealings of sliding-contact bearings

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Geometry (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Pure & Applied Mathematics (AREA)
  • Mathematical Optimization (AREA)
  • Computer Hardware Design (AREA)
  • Evolutionary Computation (AREA)
  • Mathematical Analysis (AREA)
  • Computational Mathematics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Mounting Of Bearings Or Others (AREA)

Abstract

The invention belongs to mechanical design field, when being related to the installation of sliding bearing axle sleeve, the design of initialized gap values when the design of initialized gap values between bearing (ball) cover and body, more particularly to marine diesel engine sliding bearing are installed.Including:(1) FEM model and the solution of bearing (ball) cover mounting assembly are set up;(2) deformation values and the relation curve and slope calculations of bolt load are extracted;(3) determine that bolt pretightening load range under operating mode is installed;(4) bolt pretightening load range under operating condition is determined;(5) integrated according to step 3 and step 4 and determine bolt of cover pretightning force;(6) determine that gap width is installed between end cap and casing.The primary clearance of the installation between sliding bearing end cap and body can be reasonably designed using the method, the axle sleeve deflection of limit slippage bearing ensures that axle sleeve will not slide in the course of the work to meet the requirement of bearing fit tolerance.Dismounting is set to become convenient by the way of bearing (ball) cover fixed hub in addition.

Description

A kind of sliding bearing end cap installs gap width design method
Technical field
The invention belongs to mechanical design field, when being related to the installation of sliding bearing axle sleeve, between bearing (ball) cover and body The initialized gap values when design of initialized gap values, more particularly to marine diesel engine sliding bearing are installed Design.
Background technology
In engine design, solid box formula structure being used sliding bearing, axle sleeve is arranged in bearing hole more, Realize the work of sliding bearing.For the selection of shaft hole matching tolerance, in tradition it is many rule of thumb and enquiry machine Tool design manual determines, the method without theoretical calculation, then by the way of cold set, complete axle sleeve with Body bearing hole is full of assembling, to ensure the fixation of axle sleeve.As a result of the elastic conjunction side of cold set Method, the axle sleeve of sliding bearing is bothered but designed for the installation gap of bearing (ball) cover very much when dismounting maintenance Technology have no report.
The content of the invention
When fixed hub being installed it is an object of the invention to provide a kind of sliding bearing end cap between bearing (ball) cover and body The computational methods of primary clearance, concrete technical scheme comprises the following steps:
Step 1:Set up FEM model and the solution of bearing (ball) cover mounting assembly
According to CAD 3D model, the FEM model that bearing (ball) cover is installed with casing, wherein end cap spiral shell are set up Bolt, axle sleeve and alloy for bushing layer use single order hexahedral element, and cell type is C3D8I, bearing (ball) cover and Box portion uses second order tetrahedron element, and cell type is C3D10M;Model bottom surface is used and fixed about Beam, just determines 2mm initialized gap values, the load of calculating is the pre- of bolt of cover between bearing (ball) cover and casing Clamp force is acted on, and pretightning force is 173kN;
Step 2:Extract deformation values and the relation curve and slope calculations of bolt load
Bearing (ball) cover and box deformation result are extracted from result of calculation, bearing (ball) cover is obtained according to result of calculation Rule between the gap width and bolt load under pretension condition of casing contact surface, from result of calculation obtain lose circularity, The gap width of the degree of eccentricity and contact surface is substantially linear with bolt load, deflection and bolt load Relation equation is as follows:
The slope of a circularity and bolt load under pretension condition:
The slope of the b longitudinal direction degree of eccentricitys and bolt load under pretension condition:
The slope of c minimum clearance value decrements and bolt load under pretension condition:
D maximal clearances are worth the slope of decrement and bolt load under pretension condition:
Step 3:It is determined that installing bolt pretightening load range under operating mode
Minimum interference amount and bearing (ball) cover are installed according to sliding bearing location tolerance, gear location tolerance, axle sleeve The requirement compressed with casing is obtained between mistake circularity, longitudinal degree of eccentricity, end cap and the casing contact surface maximum of axle sleeve The requirement of the decrement of gap value and the decrement of minimum clearance value:
A circularity:F1(x)≤A1
The b longitudinal directions degree of eccentricity:F2(x)≤A2
C minimum clearance value decrements:F3(x)≥C1
D maximal clearances are worth decrement:F4(x)≥C2
When installing the requirement of minimum interference amount, i.e., e need to meet simultaneouslyWhen, contact surface two side areas does not occur Contact:
In formula:A1The mistake circularity limit value determined for location tolerance;
A2The longitudinal degree of eccentricity limit value determined for location tolerance;
C1For initialized gap values;
C2The requirement of minimum interference amount is installed for axle sleeve and bearing hole
Obtaining installing the prefastening load of bolt under operating mode should meet:
Step 4:Determine bolt pretightening load range under operating condition
Longitudinal opening will not occur box bearing lid for axle sleeve in the course of the work, and bolt load under pretension condition is met: n·x≥Fn
Tangential sliding will not occur box bearing lid for axle sleeve in the course of the work, and bolt load under pretension condition is met: n·μ·x≥Fτ
In formula:N is gear-box end bonnet bolt number;
FnFor the longitudinal component of bearing load;
μ is bearing cap and nut contact surface coefficient of friction;
FτFor bearing load horizontal component
The prefastening load for obtaining installing bolt under operating mode is met:
Step 5:Integrated according to step 3 and step 4 and determine bolt of cover pretightning force
According to the requirement for installing operating mode and sliding bearing operating condition, gear box end cover tools for bolts ' pretension load is obtained The scope of lotus is:
The relation curve of each deformation values and bolt pretightening is obtained according to FEM calculation, asks slope to obtain curve:
k1=0.00014mm/kN, k2=0.00025mm/kN, k3=0.003mm/kN, k4=0.00057mm/kN
Calculated according to bearing and obtain bearing horizontal direction load for Fτ=10.5kN, vertical direction load is Fn=0, Wherein, vertical direction is bolted direction;
According to result of calculation and empirically and mechanical design handbook is referred to, the requirement for determining each deflection is A1=0.013mm, A2=0.022mm, C1=0.132mm, C2=0.025mm, brings data above into formula meter Calculation show that the prefastening load scope of bolt is:44kN<x<88kN
Install to coordinate with reference to the bearing and require, bolt load under pretension condition takes 80kN;
Step 6:Determine that gap width is installed between end cap and casing
According to the requirement of step 3 and step 4, the size of bolt load is determined;According to the bolt load of determination Calculate install gap width scope be:
Bring into calculate data obtain initially install gap width scope be:0.132mm<C1<0.24mm
Install to coordinate with reference to the bearing and require, initial gap width of installing takes 0.2mm.
Beneficial effect:The peace between sliding bearing end cap and body can be reasonably designed using this computational methods The primary clearance of dress, the axle sleeve deflection of limit slippage bearing is protected with meeting the requirement of bearing fit tolerance Card axle sleeve will not slide in the course of the work.Make dismounting by the way of bearing (ball) cover fixed hub in addition Become convenient.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the flow chart that the present invention installs gap value calculating method to bearing (ball) cover.
Fig. 2 is the CAD model that bearing (ball) cover of the present invention installs the gear box end cover installation that gap width is calculated.
Fig. 3 is that bearing (ball) cover of the present invention installs the FEM model that gap width is calculated.
Fig. 4 is that bearing (ball) cover installs the alloy for bushing layer Aberration nephogram that gap width is calculated (unit is mm).
Fig. 5 is the result of bearing (ball) cover and casing gap width (unit is mm).
Wherein, 1 is sliding bearing end cap, and 2 be end cover connecting bolt, and 3 be axle sleeve, and 4 be alloy for bushing layer, 5 be casing.
Embodiment
We come to the present invention to certain marine low speed diesel engine gear-box with reference to accompanying drawing and specific embodiment below The computational methods that gap width is installed between bearing (ball) cover and casing are further elaborated, but can not be limited with this Protection scope of the present invention processed.
The present invention is adopted to the calculating that gap width is installed between certain marine low speed diesel engine box bearing end cap and casing Mechanical analysis is carried out to box bearing end cap and installation model with CAE technologies, according to the knot of FEM calculation Fruit obtains each parts to deflection, mainly including between circularity, the degree of eccentricity and bearing (ball) cover and casing Gap value.Each deformation value is defined according to the requirement of location tolerance, required initial clipping room is obtained Gap value.Carried out according to following steps:
Step 1:Set up FEM model and the solution of bearing (ball) cover mounting assembly
CAD 3D model according to Fig. 2, the basic size of sliding bearing shaft hole matching is Require to set up the FEM model that bearing (ball) cover is installed with casing, FEM model such as Fig. 3 of foundation according to analysis Shown, wherein bolt of cover, axle sleeve and alloy for bushing layer use single order hexahedral element, and cell type is C3D8I, bearing (ball) cover and box portion use second order tetrahedron element, and cell type is C3D10M.Model Unit number is about 330,000, and nodes are about 460,000.Model bottom surface is used fixed constraint, axle by calculating process 2mm initialized gap values are just determined between socket end lid and casing, the load of calculating is the pretension masterpiece of bolt of cover With being set to 173kN at the beginning of pretightning force.
Step 2:Extract deformation values and the relation curve and slope calculations of bolt load
Accompanying drawing 4 is the Aberration nephogram of alloy-layer, and the deformation data of its inner ring is extracted from result of calculation, according to Fourier transformation obtains the rule between mistake circularity, the degree of eccentricity and the bolt load under pretension condition of axle sleeve deformation.From meter Calculate and bearing (ball) cover and box deformation result are extracted in result, bearing (ball) cover and casing that accompanying drawing 5 obtains for calculating The gap width result of calculation of contact surface, the gap width of bearing (ball) cover and casing contact surface is obtained according to result of calculation Rule between bolt load under pretension condition (x).Obtain losing circularity, the degree of eccentricity and contact surface from result of calculation Gap width and bolt load it is substantially linear.Deflection and the relation equation of bolt load are as follows:
The slope of a circularity and bolt load under pretension condition:
The slope of the b longitudinal direction degree of eccentricitys and bolt load under pretension condition:
The slope of c minimum clearance value decrements and bolt load under pretension condition:
D maximal clearances are worth the slope of decrement and bolt load under pretension condition:
Step 3:It is determined that installing bolt pretightening load range under operating mode
Minimum interference amount and bearing (ball) cover are installed according to sliding bearing location tolerance, gear location tolerance, axle sleeve The requirement compressed with casing is obtained between mistake circularity, longitudinal degree of eccentricity, end cap and the casing contact surface maximum of axle sleeve The requirement of the decrement of gap value and the decrement of minimum clearance value.
A circularity:F1(x)≤A1
The b longitudinal directions degree of eccentricity:F2(x)≤A2
C minimum clearance value decrements:F3(x)≥C1
D maximal clearances are worth decrement:F4(x)≥C2
When installing the requirement of minimum interference amount, i.e., e need to meet simultaneouslyWhen, contact surface two side areas does not occur Contact:
In formula:A1The mistake circularity limit value determined for location tolerance;
A2The longitudinal degree of eccentricity limit value determined for location tolerance;
C1For initialized gap values;
C2The requirement of minimum interference amount is installed for axle sleeve and bearing hole.
The prefastening load of bolt under operating mode, which can be obtained installing, to be met:
Step 4:Determine bolt pretightening load range under operating condition
Box bearing lid should be able to ensure that longitudinal opening, tools for bolts ' pretension will not occur for axle sleeve in the course of the work Load should be met:n·x≥Fn
Box bearing lid should be able to ensure that tangential sliding will not occur for axle sleeve in the course of the work, and tools for bolts ' pretension is carried Lotus should meet:N μ x > Fτ
In formula:N is gear-box end bonnet bolt number;
FnFor the longitudinal component of bearing load;
μ is bearing cap and nut contact surface coefficient of friction;
FτFor bearing load horizontal component.
The prefastening load of bolt under operating mode, which can be obtained installing, to be met:
Step 5:Integrated according to step 3 and step 4 and determine bolt of cover pretightning force
According to the requirement for installing operating mode and sliding bearing operating condition, gear box end cover tools for bolts ' pretension load can be obtained The scope of lotus is:
The relation curve of each deformation values and bolt pretightening is obtained according to FEM calculation, asks slope to obtain curve:
k1=0.00014mm/kN, k2=0.00025mm/kN, k3=0.003mm/kN, k4=0.00057mm/kN
Calculated according to bearing and obtain bearing horizontal direction load for Fτ=10.5kN, vertical direction load is Fn=0, Wherein, vertical direction is bolted direction.Bolt of cover number is 2, friction coefficient μ=0.15.
According to result of calculation and empirically and mechanical design handbook is referred to, the requirement for determining each deflection is A1=0.013mm, A2=0.022mm, C1=0.132mm, C2=0.025mm.Bring data above into formula meter Calculation show that the prefastening load scope of bolt is:44kN<x<88kN
Install to coordinate with reference to the bearing and require, bolt load under pretension condition takes 80kN.
Step 6:Determine that gap width is installed between end cap and casing
According to the requirement of step 3 and step 4, the size of bolt load is determined.According to the bolt load of determination Calculate install gap width scope be:
Bring into calculate data obtain initially install gap width scope be:0.132mm<C1<0.24mm
Install to coordinate with reference to the bearing and require, initial gap width of installing takes 0.2mm.

Claims (1)

1. a kind of sliding bearing end cap installs gap width design method, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps:
Step 1:Set up FEM model and the solution of bearing (ball) cover mounting assembly;
According to CAD 3D model, the FEM model that bearing (ball) cover is installed with casing, wherein end cap spiral shell are set up Bolt, axle sleeve and alloy for bushing layer use single order hexahedral element, and cell type is C3D8I, bearing (ball) cover and Box portion uses second order tetrahedron element, and cell type is C3D10M;Model bottom surface is used and fixed about Beam, just determines 2mm initialized gap values, the load of calculating is the pre- of bolt of cover between bearing (ball) cover and casing Clamp force is acted on, and pretightning force is 173kN;
Step 2:Extract deformation values and the relation curve and slope calculations of bolt load;
Bearing (ball) cover and box deformation result are extracted from result of calculation, bearing (ball) cover is obtained according to result of calculation Rule between the gap width and bolt load under pretension condition of casing contact surface, from result of calculation obtain lose circularity, The gap width of the degree of eccentricity and contact surface is substantially linear with bolt load, deflection and bolt load Relation equation is as follows:
The slope of a circularity and bolt load under pretension condition:
The slope of the b longitudinal direction degree of eccentricitys and bolt load under pretension condition:
The slope of c minimum clearance value decrements and bolt load under pretension condition:
D maximal clearances are worth the slope of decrement and bolt load under pretension condition:
Step 3:It is determined that installing bolt pretightening load range under operating mode;
Minimum interference amount and bearing (ball) cover are installed according to sliding bearing location tolerance, gear location tolerance, axle sleeve The requirement compressed with casing is obtained between mistake circularity, longitudinal degree of eccentricity, end cap and the casing contact surface maximum of axle sleeve The requirement of the decrement of gap value and the decrement of minimum clearance value:
A circularity:F1(x)≤A1
The b longitudinal directions degree of eccentricity:F2(x)≤A2
C minimum clearance value decrements:F3(x)≥C1
D maximal clearances are worth decrement:F4(x)≥C2
When installing the requirement of minimum interference amount, i.e., e need to meet simultaneouslyWhen, contact surface two side areas does not occur Contact:
k 3 &CenterDot; C 2 k 4 &le; C 1
In formula:A1The mistake circularity limit value determined for location tolerance;
A2The longitudinal degree of eccentricity limit value determined for location tolerance;
C1For initialized gap values;
C2The requirement of minimum interference amount is installed for axle sleeve and bearing hole
The prefastening load for obtaining installing bolt under operating mode is met:
M a x &lsqb; C 1 k 3 , C 2 k 4 &rsqb; &le; x &le; M i n &lsqb; A 1 k 1 , A 2 k 2 &rsqb;
k 3 &CenterDot; C 2 k 4 &le; C 1
Step 4:Determine bolt pretightening load range under operating condition
Longitudinal opening will not occur box bearing lid for axle sleeve in the course of the work, and bolt load under pretension condition is met: n·x≥Fn
Tangential sliding will not occur box bearing lid for axle sleeve in the course of the work, and bolt load under pretension condition is met: n·μ·x≥FT
In formula:N is gear-box end bonnet bolt number;
FnFor the longitudinal component of bearing load;
μ is bearing cap and nut contact surface coefficient of friction;
FτFor bearing load horizontal component
The prefastening load for obtaining installing bolt under operating mode is met:
Step 5:Integrated according to step 3 and step 4 and determine bolt of cover pretightning force
According to the requirement for installing operating mode and sliding bearing operating condition, gear box end cover tools for bolts ' pretension load is obtained The scope of lotus is:
M a x &lsqb; F n n , F &tau; n &CenterDot; &mu; , C 1 k 3 , C 2 k 4 &rsqb; &le; x &le; M i n &lsqb; A 1 k 1 , A 2 k 2 &rsqb;
The relation curve of each deformation values and bolt pretightening is obtained according to FEM calculation, asks slope to obtain curve:
k1=0.00014mm/kN, k2=0.00025mm/kN, k3=0.003mm/kN, k4=0.00057mm/kN
Calculated according to bearing and obtain bearing horizontal direction load for Fτ=10.5kN, vertical direction load is Fn=0, Wherein, vertical direction is bolted direction;
According to result of calculation and empirically and mechanical design handbook is referred to, the requirement for determining each deflection is A1=0.013mm, A2=0.022mm, C1=0.132mm, C2=0.025mm, brings data above into formula meter Calculation show that the prefastening load scope of bolt is:44kN<x<88kN
Install to coordinate with reference to the bearing and require, bolt load under pretension condition takes 80kN;
Step 6:Determine that gap width is installed between end cap and casing
According to the requirement of step 3 and step 4, the size of bolt load is determined;According to the bolt load of determination Calculate install gap width scope be:
Bring into calculate data obtain initially install gap width scope be:0.132mm<C1<0.24mm
Install to coordinate with reference to the bearing and require, initial gap width of installing takes 0.2mm.
CN201610036639.4A 2016-01-20 2016-01-20 A kind of sliding bearing end cap installs gap width design method Pending CN106991200A (en)

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Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN108984968A (en) * 2018-08-22 2018-12-11 中国北方车辆研究所 A kind of optimum design method and device of bearing fit tolerance
CN109711024A (en) * 2018-12-18 2019-05-03 国网内蒙古东部电力有限公司经济技术研究院 One kind being bolted a Force Optimal Analysis method
CN110159663A (en) * 2019-06-24 2019-08-23 芜湖恒升重型机床股份有限公司 A kind of bearing clearance pre-tension method and bearing arrangement
CN110705181A (en) * 2019-10-13 2020-01-17 重庆交通大学 Rolling bearing residual life prediction method based on convolution length-time memory cyclic neural network
CN115982894A (en) * 2023-03-20 2023-04-18 中国航发四川燃气涡轮研究院 Method for designing gap between threaded main mounting joint mounting system and thrust pin

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Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN108984968A (en) * 2018-08-22 2018-12-11 中国北方车辆研究所 A kind of optimum design method and device of bearing fit tolerance
CN109711024A (en) * 2018-12-18 2019-05-03 国网内蒙古东部电力有限公司经济技术研究院 One kind being bolted a Force Optimal Analysis method
CN109711024B (en) * 2018-12-18 2024-04-05 国网内蒙古东部电力有限公司经济技术研究院 Bolt connection point stress optimization analysis method
CN110159663A (en) * 2019-06-24 2019-08-23 芜湖恒升重型机床股份有限公司 A kind of bearing clearance pre-tension method and bearing arrangement
CN110159663B (en) * 2019-06-24 2024-03-19 芜湖恒升重型机床股份有限公司 Bearing play pre-tightening method and bearing structure
CN110705181A (en) * 2019-10-13 2020-01-17 重庆交通大学 Rolling bearing residual life prediction method based on convolution length-time memory cyclic neural network
CN110705181B (en) * 2019-10-13 2022-06-24 重庆交通大学 Rolling bearing residual life prediction method based on convolution length-time memory cyclic neural network
CN115982894A (en) * 2023-03-20 2023-04-18 中国航发四川燃气涡轮研究院 Method for designing gap between threaded main mounting joint mounting system and thrust pin
CN115982894B (en) * 2023-03-20 2023-06-30 中国航发四川燃气涡轮研究院 Threaded main installation joint installation system and thrust pin clearance design method

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AD01 Patent right deemed abandoned