CN110158535B - Device and method for simulating whole landslide river-blocking process and dam-break mechanism test - Google Patents
Device and method for simulating whole landslide river-blocking process and dam-break mechanism test Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a landslide river-blocking whole-process simulation and dam-break mechanism test device and a test method, wherein the device comprises a river simulation system, a landslide simulation system, a water circulation system, a landslide rock-soil body simulation system, a data transmission line, two high-speed cameras, a control panel and a data processing system; the water circulation system is arranged on the river simulation system, and the landslide simulation system and the shoreside rock-soil mass simulation system are arranged on two opposite sides of the river simulation system; the data processing system, the landslide simulation system and the water circulation system are electrically connected with the control panel; the high-speed camera is respectively positioned at the position of the water flow direction in the river simulation system far from the water circulation system and at one side of the shoreside rock-soil mass simulation system. The test method based on the landslide river-blocking whole-process simulation and dam break mechanism test device provided by the invention can solve the problem that the manual interference is weak when landslide slides at different scales for the river-blocking whole-process simulation of different water level heights and different flow rates and the dam break mechanism of the barrier lake.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of geological disaster simulation, in particular to a landslide river-blocking whole-process simulation and dam-break mechanism test device and a test method.
Background
The phenomenon of river blockage and backwater caused by collapse, landslide and conversion of the landslide into chip flow is called as landslide river blockage event. Numerous landslide and river-blocking events have occurred in the world over the last hundred years, including alpine, himalayan, mid-asia, qinghai-Tibet plateau edge regions, and Andiesi. Typically, the river is blocked for several hours to hundreds of years, and the damage caused by the blocking of the landslide and the burst of the barrier lake is often serious.
The method comprises the following steps of (1) 10, 11 and 3 days of 2018, wherein large-scale high-level landslide occurs twice in the Tarrow county Bai Gecun of the Tibetan autonomous region of China, so that the gold sand Jiang Baiyu is cut off and a barrier lake is formed. Through manual intervention, dangerous cases can be relieved, but the leaked flood still causes serious flood disasters in downstream Sichuan and Yunnan environments. By simulating the whole process of landslide river blocking, basic characteristics of landslide river blocking and dynamic evolution characteristics of barrier lake are ascertained, and scientific guiding significance is provided for quick and effective emergency treatment measures.
In the prior art, the landslide river blocking and dam break mechanism is mainly simulated by numerical simulation software. However, the numerical simulation technique cannot perfectly copy the landslide and river-blocking event completely by using some simple numerical values or correction coefficients, and the numerical simulation technique only plays a role in reference and assistance. In addition, the constitutive model and boundary conditions in the numerical software are unreasonable, and unreasonable simulation results can be obtained.
Physical simulation is the primary means of cognizing the nature of things. The conventional physical simulation technology, namely the test device and the test method of the adjustable multifunctional landslide river blocking and dam breaking mechanism (patent application number 201610675326.3), mainly focuses on the simulation of landslide sliding, and details the chute. However, the setting of the damming mechanism is too simple. The prior art adopts a water tank and a water tank to simulate the river valley, which obviously does not conform to the actual situation. In general, the cross section of a river valley is U-shaped, a curved state is formed on a plane, and a landslide river blocking event occurs at a river turning position. In addition, dam break of a barrier lake has direct relation with the scale of landslide, the depth of the water level of a river bed and the flow of a river, and the prior art does not describe how to control the change of the parameters.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a landslide river-blocking whole-process simulation and dam-break mechanism test device and a test method, which are used for solving the problems of the prior art, and can solve the problems of the river-blocking whole-process simulation and dam-break mechanism revealing of a dam-blocking lake with different water level heights and different flow rates when landslide slides in different scales, and have strong applicability and weak artificial interference.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following solutions:
the invention discloses a landslide river-blocking whole-process simulation and dam-break mechanism test device, which comprises a river simulation system, wherein one side of the river simulation system is provided with a landslide simulation system, and the other side of the river simulation system, which is provided with a landslide simulation system, is provided with a shoreside rock-soil mass simulation system; the river simulation system is provided with a water circulation system, the landslide simulation system and the water circulation system are respectively and electrically connected with a control panel through a data transmission line, and the control panel is electrically connected with a data processing system; a high-speed camera A is arranged on one side of the river simulation system, a high-speed camera B is arranged on one side of the bank slope rock-soil mass simulation system, which is far away from the landslide simulation system, the high-speed camera A is positioned at a downstream position, which is far away from the water circulation system, of the water flow direction in the river simulation system, and the high-speed camera B is positioned right opposite to the river simulation system; the high-speed A camera and the high-speed B camera are respectively and electrically connected with the control panel through data transmission lines.
Optionally, the river simulation system comprises an annular river channel which is made of toughened glass and is connected end to end, and the cross section of the river channel is of a U-shaped structure; river course bottom fixedly connected with steel material's river course support, river course support passes through bolt fixed connection with the river course on upper portion.
Optionally, be provided with the water level height scale mark on the lateral wall of river course, water level height scale mark one side is provided with corresponding water level height reading, can discharge the water of different degree of depth in the river course, the river of the different water level height of being convenient for simulation.
Optionally, the water circulation system comprises a water-proof toughened glass plate vertically arranged in the river channel, and the river channels positioned at two sides of the water-proof toughened glass plate are not communicated; the water-proof toughened glass plate is provided with a variable-frequency water suction pump, one end of the variable-frequency water suction pump is connected with a water inlet pipe, the other end of the variable-frequency water suction pump is connected with a water outlet pipe, the water inlet pipe and the water outlet pipe are respectively positioned in river channels on two sides of the water-proof toughened glass plate, and the water circulation system enables water in the river simulation system to circulate along the water flow direction through the water inlet pipe and the water outlet pipe.
Optionally, the landslide simulation system comprises a landslide sliding surface platform made of thickened steel plates with a fan-shaped structure, wherein the landslide sliding surface platform is of a fan-shaped structure with 90 degrees, and three liftable supports are symmetrically connected to the bottom of the landslide sliding surface platform; the sliding surface platform is fixedly provided with a plurality of transverse ribbed steel bars, and the ribbed steel bars are used for simulating rough and uneven sliding surfaces.
Optionally, a rotating bolt is arranged at the center of the virtual circle where the sliding surface platform is located, the rotating bolt is movably connected with a left baffle and a right baffle of a chute made of steel plates, and the left baffle and the right baffle of the chute are respectively positioned on the virtual radius of the virtual circle where the sliding surface platform is located; and a landslide blocking system is arranged at the front edge of one side of the landslide sliding surface platform, which is far away from the rotating bolt.
Optionally, the tail end of the left baffle of the chute is connected with a left baffle fixing bolt of the chute; the end of the right baffle of the chute is connected with a fixed bolt of the right baffle of the chute.
The invention also provides a landslide river-blocking whole-process simulation and dam-break mechanism test method, which comprises the following steps:
firstly, adjusting a left baffle fixing bolt and a right baffle fixing bolt of a sliding chute in a sliding-slope simulation system according to the scale of a sliding-slope body so that the sliding chute meets the size of a sliding slope to be simulated;
step two, three liftable supports at the bottom of the sliding surface platform of the landslide are adjusted, so that the inclination angle of the sliding surface platform of the landslide meets the inclination angle of the bottom sliding surface of the landslide to be simulated;
and a third step of: placing a rock-soil mass material to be simulated on a landslide in a chute of a landslide simulation system;
fourth step: filling water with a certain height into a U-shaped river, opening a variable-frequency water suction pump through a control panel to enable the water in the river to flow, and adjusting the water flow so that the water flow meets the water flow of the river to be simulated;
fifthly, turning on the high-speed A camera and the high-speed B camera through a control panel to start to collect shooting data;
sixth, the landslide blocking system in the landslide simulation system is lowered through the control panel, at the moment, the landslide body in the chute slides downwards, part of rock-soil body materials in the landslide body directly fall into the river channel, and part of rock-soil body impacts the opposite bank slope rock-soil body simulation system and then falls into the river channel to block the river;
seventh, the water level at the upstream of the river blocking body is gradually raised, the raised water flow flows to the downstream along the top of the river blocking body, and substances of the river blocking body are gradually flushed away, at the moment, the high-speed A camera and the high-speed B camera transmit the collected video data to a data processing system through a data transmission line and a control panel for automatic data processing; in the process, the water level reading change in the upstream and downstream river channels of the landslide river-blocking body is observed at fixed time;
and eighth step, the variable-frequency water pump, the high-speed A camera and the high-speed B camera are turned off through the control panel, and the test is finished.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following technical effects:
the river channel of the river simulation system in the invention is more in accordance with the cross section form of the river, and when landslide occurs, the bottom of the river is easy to be blocked. The circular river simulation system and the water circulation system can not only recycle water flow and save water sources, but also control the river flow, ensure continuous water flow in the river channel and be more in line with actual river water flow. The left baffle plate and the right baffle plate of the sliding chute in the landslide simulation system can rotate around the rotating bolt, so that the effect of adjusting the size of the sliding chute is achieved, and landslide bodies of different scales can be simulated conveniently. Three liftable supports are symmetrically connected to the bottom of a sliding surface platform in the landslide simulation system, and sliding surfaces with different gradients are simulated by adjusting the heights of the liftable supports. A plurality of transverse ribbed steel bars are fixedly arranged on a sliding surface platform of the landslide simulation system so as to simulate a rough and uneven sliding surface.
The variable-frequency water pump in the water circulation system, the landslide blocking system in the landslide simulation system, the high-speed A camera and the high-speed B camera are respectively connected with the control panel and the data processing system through data transmission lines, so that the automatic operation of integration of sliding, river blockage, dam break, data recording and processing of a landslide body is achieved, and artificial interference is avoided; finally, the simulation and dam break mechanism test of the whole landslide river blocking process is realized.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions of the prior art, the drawings that are needed in the embodiments will be briefly described below, it being obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and that other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a river simulation system of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a landslide simulation system according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the water circulation system of the present invention;
wherein: the system comprises a 0-river simulation system, a 1-landslide simulation system, a 2-water circulation system, a 3-water flow direction, a 4-bank slope rock-soil mass simulation system, a 5-data transmission line, a 6-high-speed A camera, a 7-high-speed B camera, an 8-control panel, a 9-data processing system, a 01-river channel, a 02-river channel support, a 03-water level height scale line, 04-water level height readings, a 11-landslide sliding surface platform, 12-ribbed steel bars, a 13-landslide blocking system, a 14-chute left baffle plate, a 15-chute left baffle plate fixing bolt, a 16-rotation bolt, a 17-chute right baffle plate, a 18-chute right baffle plate fixing bolt, a 19-liftable support, a 21-waterproof toughened glass plate, a 22-water inlet pipe, a 23-variable frequency water suction pump and a 24-water outlet pipe.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
The invention aims to provide a landslide river-blocking whole-process simulation and dam-break mechanism test device and a test method, which are used for solving the problems of the prior art, and can solve the problems of the river-blocking whole-process simulation and dam-break mechanism revealing of a dam-blocking lake with different water level heights and different flow rates when landslide slides in different scales, and have strong applicability and weak artificial interference.
In order that the above-recited objects, features and advantages of the present invention will become more readily apparent, a more particular description of the invention will be rendered by reference to the appended drawings and appended detailed description.
The invention provides a landslide river-blocking whole-process simulation and dam-break mechanism test device, which is shown in fig. 1-4 and comprises a river simulation system 0, a landslide simulation system 1, a water circulation system 2, a shoreside rock-soil mass simulation system 4, a data transmission line 5, a high-speed A camera 6, a high-speed B camera 7, a control panel 8 and a data processing system 9.
River simulation system 0 is including wholly being the ring shape, and the cross section is river course 01 of U style of calligraphy, and river course 01 bottom is connected with river course support 02, and the lateral wall of river course 01 is provided with water level height scale mark 03, and water level height scale mark 03 side has water level height reading 04, and river course 01 is by toughened glass preparation, not only can resist the impact force when the landslide body striking, is convenient for observe the water level height in the river course 01 moreover. The river channel support 02 is made of steel, is fixed with the river channel 01 at the upper part through bolts and is used for preventing the river channel 01 from swinging left and right. The two sides of the river channel 01 are provided with a water level height scale mark 03 and a water level height reading 04, and the water level height reading 04 is opposite to the water level height scale mark 03, so that the water level in the river channel 01 can be conveniently and directly read. Water with different depths can be discharged in the river channel 01, so that rivers with different water level heights can be conveniently simulated.
A water circulation system 2 is arranged at a certain position of the river channel 01, the water circulation system 2 comprises a water-proof toughened glass plate 21, the water-proof toughened glass plate 21 is embedded into the river channel 01, and the water-proof toughened glass plate 21 is perpendicular to the river channel 01 and is used for playing a water-proof role and isolating water flow; the inlet pipe 22 is arranged on the water inlet side of the variable-frequency water pump 23, and the outlet pipe 24 is arranged on the water outlet side of the variable-frequency water pump 23. The flow of water in the river channel 01 is regulated by the variable-frequency water suction pump 23, so as to simulate rivers with different flow rates.
The water circulation system 2 enables water in the river simulation system 0 to circulate along the water flow direction 3, and the water circulation system 2 consists of a waterproof toughened glass plate 21, a water inlet pipe 22, a variable-frequency water suction pump 23 and a water outlet pipe 24. The water-proof tempered glass plate 21 cuts off the water flow in the river channel 01, but the variable-frequency water suction pump 23 makes the water circulate.
A landslide simulation system 1 is arranged at the upstream of the river simulation system 0 (one side of the water-proof toughened glass plate 21, which is used for flowing to, is used for being downstream, and the other side of the water-proof toughened glass plate is used for being upstream), the landslide simulation system 1 comprises a landslide sliding surface platform 11, and the landslide sliding surface platform 11 is made of thickened steel plates and takes a 90-degree fan shape; three liftable supports 19 are arranged at the bottom of the sliding surface platform 11, and the inclination angle of the sliding surface platform 11 is set by adjusting the height of the liftable supports 19; the upper part of the sliding surface platform 11 of the landslide is provided with a plurality of ribbed steel bars 12 for simulating a rough sliding surface; the two sides of the sliding surface platform 11 are respectively provided with a chute left baffle 14 and a chute right baffle 17, the chute left baffle 14 is fixed on the sliding surface platform 11 through a rotating bolt 16 and a chute left baffle fixing bolt 15, and the chute right baffle 17 is fixed on the sliding surface platform 11 through a rotating bolt 16 and a chute right baffle fixing bolt 18; the positions of the left baffle fixing bolt 15 and the right baffle fixing bolt 18 of the chute are adjusted, so that the left baffle 14 and the right baffle 17 of the chute rotate around the rotating bolt 16, the effect of adjusting the size of the chute is achieved, landslide bodies of different scales can be simulated conveniently, and the left baffle 14 and the right baffle 17 of the chute are made of steel plates; the front edge of the landslide sliding surface platform 11 is provided with a landslide blocking system 13, and the landslide blocking system 13 is connected into the control panel 8 and the data processing system 9 through the data transmission line 5; the landslide blocking system 13 is lowered by adjusting the control panel 8, and finally the landslide body slides into the river simulation system 0 along the landslide sliding surface platform 11, so that river blockage occurs.
The opposite side of the landslide simulation system 1 and the inner side of the river channel 01 are provided with a landslide rock-soil body simulation system 4, the landslide rock-soil body simulation system 4 is a system for simulating that a landslide rock-soil body is broken when the landslide body impacts the opposite side, the landslide rock-soil body simulation system 4 is composed of a rock-soil body with cementing degree, the landslide body impacts the landslide rock-soil body simulation system when the landslide body falls down, and the rock-soil body is broken.
The landslide simulation system 1 is provided with a high-speed A camera 6 at the downstream position close to the river channel 01, and a high-speed B camera 7 is arranged on the right opposite side of the landslide simulation system 1 and used for recording the whole process of sliding, river blockage, water level change and dam break of a barrier lake.
The variable-frequency water pump 23 in the water circulation system 2, the landslide blocking system 13 in the landslide simulation system 1, the high-speed A camera 6 and the high-speed B camera 7 are respectively connected with the control panel 8 through the data transmission line 5, and the control panel 8 is connected with the data processing system 9 through the data transmission line 5, so that the integrated operation of automatic sliding river blockage, automatic recording and automatic data processing of the landslide body is realized, and the artificial interference is avoided.
As shown in FIG. 1, the test apparatus was connected, and the test method of the present invention was started by: first, the left baffle fixing bolt 15 and the right baffle fixing bolt 18 of the sliding chute in the sliding-slope simulation system 1 are adjusted according to the scale of the sliding-slope body, so that the sliding chute meets the size of the sliding slope to be simulated. In the second step, three liftable supports 19 at the bottom of the sliding surface platform 11 are adjusted so that the inclination angle of the sliding surface platform 11 meets the inclination angle of the bottom sliding surface of the landslide to be simulated. And a third step of: the rock-soil mass material to be landslide-simulated is placed in the chute of the landslide simulation system 1. Fourth step: the U-shaped river channel is filled with water with a certain height, the variable-frequency water suction pump is turned on through the control panel, so that the water in the river channel flows, the size of the water is regulated, and the water flow size meets the water flow size of the river to be simulated. Fifth, the high-speed a camera 6 and the high-speed B camera 7 are turned on by the control panel to start capturing shooting data. And sixthly, the landslide blocking system 13 in the landslide simulation system 1 is lowered down through the control panel, at the moment, the landslide body in the chute slides downwards, part of rock-soil body materials in the landslide body directly fall into the river channel, and part of rock-soil body impacts the opposite bank-slope rock-soil simulation system 4 and then falls into the river channel to block the river. And seventh, the water level at the upstream of the river blocking body is gradually raised, the raised water flow flows to the downstream along the top of the river blocking body, and substances of the river blocking body are gradually flushed away, and at the moment, the high-speed A camera 6 and the high-speed B camera transmit collected data to the data processing system 9 through the data transmission line 5 and the control panel 8 for automatic data processing. In the process, the water level reading change in the river channels at the upstream and downstream of the landslide and the river blocking body should be observed at fixed time. Eighth, the variable frequency water pump 23, the high-speed A camera 6 and the high-speed B camera 7 are turned off through the control panel 8, and the test is ended.
The principles and embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail with reference to specific examples, which are provided to facilitate understanding of the method and core ideas of the present invention; also, it is within the scope of the present invention to be modified by those of ordinary skill in the art in light of the present teachings. In view of the foregoing, this description should not be construed as limiting the invention.
Claims (3)
1. The utility model provides a landslide blocks up river overall process simulation and dam break mechanism test device which characterized in that: the river simulation system is provided with a landslide simulation system on one side, and a bank slope rock-soil mass simulation system is arranged on the other side of the position where the landslide simulation system is arranged; the river simulation system is provided with a water circulation system, the landslide simulation system and the water circulation system are respectively and electrically connected with a control panel through a data transmission line, and the control panel is electrically connected with a data processing system; a high-speed camera A is arranged on one side of the river simulation system, a high-speed camera B is arranged on one side of the bank slope rock-soil mass simulation system, which is far away from the landslide simulation system, the high-speed camera A is positioned at a downstream position, which is far away from the water circulation system, of the water flow direction in the river simulation system, and the high-speed camera B is positioned right opposite to the river simulation system; the high-speed A camera and the high-speed B camera are respectively and electrically connected with the control panel through data transmission lines; the river simulation system comprises an annular river channel which is made of toughened glass and is connected end to end, and the cross section of the river channel is of a U-shaped structure; the river channel support is fixedly connected with a river channel support made of steel materials, and the river channel support is fixedly connected with a river channel at the upper part through bolts; the water circulation system comprises a waterproof toughened glass plate vertically arranged in the river channel, and the river channels on two sides of the waterproof toughened glass plate are not communicated; the water-proof toughened glass plate is provided with a variable-frequency water suction pump, one end of the variable-frequency water suction pump is connected with a water inlet pipe, the other end of the variable-frequency water suction pump is connected with a water outlet pipe, the water inlet pipe and the water outlet pipe are respectively positioned in river channels at two sides of the water-proof toughened glass plate, and the water circulation system enables water in the river simulation system to circulate along the water flow direction through the water inlet pipe and the water outlet pipe; the landslide simulation system comprises a landslide sliding surface platform which is made of thickened steel plates with a fan-shaped structure, wherein the landslide sliding surface platform is of a fan-shaped structure with 90 degrees, and three liftable supports are symmetrically connected to the bottom of the landslide sliding surface platform; a plurality of transverse ribbed steel bars are fixedly arranged on the landslide sliding surface platform and are used for simulating rough and uneven sliding surfaces; the sliding surface platform is characterized in that a rotary bolt is arranged at the center of a virtual circle where the sliding surface platform is located, the rotary bolt is movably connected with a left baffle and a right baffle of a chute which are made of steel plates, and the left baffle and the right baffle of the chute are respectively positioned on the virtual radius of the virtual circle where the sliding surface platform is located; a landslide blocking system is arranged at the front edge of one side, far away from the rotating bolt, of the landslide sliding surface platform; the tail end of the left baffle of the chute is connected with a left baffle fixing bolt of the chute; the end of the right baffle of the chute is connected with a fixed bolt of the right baffle of the chute.
2. The landslide river-blocking whole-process simulation and dam-break mechanism test device according to claim 1, wherein the device is characterized in that: the river course is provided with the water level height scale mark on the lateral wall, water level height scale mark one side is provided with corresponding water level height reading, discharges the water of different degree of depth in the river course, is convenient for simulate the river of different water level height.
3. A landslide and river-blocking whole-process simulation and dam-break mechanism test method based on the landslide and river-blocking whole-process simulation and dam-break mechanism test device according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
firstly, adjusting a left baffle fixing bolt and a right baffle fixing bolt of a sliding chute in a sliding-slope simulation system according to the scale of a sliding-slope body so that the sliding chute meets the size of a sliding slope to be simulated;
step two, three liftable supports at the bottom of the sliding surface platform of the landslide are adjusted, so that the inclination angle of the sliding surface platform of the landslide meets the inclination angle of the bottom sliding surface of the landslide to be simulated;
and a third step of: placing a rock-soil mass material to be simulated on a landslide in a chute of a landslide simulation system;
fourth step: filling water with a certain height into a U-shaped river, opening a variable-frequency water suction pump through a control panel to enable the water in the river to flow, and adjusting the water flow so that the water flow meets the water flow of the river to be simulated;
fifthly, turning on the high-speed A camera and the high-speed B camera through a control panel to start to collect shooting data;
sixth, the landslide blocking system in the landslide simulation system is lowered through the control panel, at the moment, the landslide body in the chute slides downwards, part of rock-soil body materials in the landslide body directly fall into the river channel, and part of rock-soil body impacts the opposite bank slope rock-soil body simulation system and then falls into the river channel to block the river;
seventh, the water level at the upstream of the river blocking body is gradually raised, the raised water flow flows to the downstream along the top of the river blocking body, and substances of the river blocking body are gradually flushed away, at the moment, the high-speed A camera and the high-speed B camera transmit the collected video data to a data processing system through a data transmission line and a control panel for automatic data processing; in the process, the water level reading change in the upstream and downstream river channels of the landslide river-blocking body is observed at fixed time;
and eighth step, the variable-frequency water pump, the high-speed A camera and the high-speed B camera are turned off through the control panel, and the test is finished.
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| CN201910439759.2A CN110158535B (en) | 2019-05-24 | 2019-05-24 | Device and method for simulating whole landslide river-blocking process and dam-break mechanism test |
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