CN110154639B - Iso-strain elastic wheel, assembling method and rigidity designing method thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

The wheel band and the wheel core are radially separated to form a radial gap, the radial gap is circumferentially separated to form a circumferential gap, the elastomer is compressed in the circumferential gap, the elastomer, the wheel band and the wheel core are radially separated and are not in contact, an included angle alpha between the circumferential gap and two sides, to which the elastomer is attached, of the circumferential gap is 0-90 degrees, the elastomer is in a sector shape corresponding to the circumferential gap, the circumferential proportion of the elastomer is equal in the radial direction, and the circumferential gaps are uniformly distributed with Nx3 and N is not less than 2 in the circumferential direction. The invention can effectively reduce the radial rigidity of the elastic wheel, improve the vibration condition of the unsprung part of the vehicle, has more linear circumferential force and longer service life, improves the structural stability and reliability of the elastic wheel, meets the rigidity requirement of the unsprung part of the vehicle in low-floor vehicles under different line working conditions, and has high use safety and practicability, low production cost and maintenance cost. The invention also provides an assembling method and a rigidity design method of the equal strain elastic wheel.

Description

Iso-strain elastic wheel, assembling method and rigidity designing method thereof

Technical Field

The invention relates to an equal-strain elastic wheel, an assembling method and a rigidity design method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of elastic wheels for rail vehicles.

Background

The elastic wheel is an elastic element embedded in a compression state between metal pieces, vibration and noise of the vehicle during running can be effectively reduced, and the rigidity of the elastic wheel can be changed and the performance of the wheel can be adjusted by adjusting the compression state of the elastic body.

The shearing type elastic wheel rubber part with the traditional structure is vertical to the axis of a wheel, and shearing force is formed between the radial rigidity and axial rigidity adjusting part and the rubber part. Because the rigidity of the rubber part can be reduced after long-time compression deformation, the rubber part can slide in the inner cavity of the wheel.

What generally adopt between the elastic wheel metalwork that uses now is bolted connection's structure, and this kind of structure has very high requirement to bolt intensity, and when a certain bolt takes place to lose efficacy because of quality or external force problem in a set of bolt, remaining bolt will bear more pulling forces, changes the production accident. The elastic wheel connected by the bolt needs consistent pretightening force due to safety factors, and a special torsion machine is usually needed to be purchased, so that the cost is high. Meanwhile, the elastic body needs to be replaced regularly, and the bolt is generally provided with a looseness-preventing structure, so that the bolt is inconvenient to disassemble and assemble, and more workload is brought to the regular maintenance and replacement of the elastic wheel. The wheel diameter of the current 100% low-floor light rail vehicle is usually less than 600mm, and is obviously reduced compared with the wheel diameter of the prior elastic wheel, so that the structure is required to be compact. The existing small-size and larger-number bolts are often used for connection, and higher requirements are put on the performance and the installation process of the bolts.

The relevant prior patent documents retrieved are as follows:

1. cn201520788687. x-elastic wheel for low floor rail vehicle;

2. CN201310700423. X-shear type elastic wheel for rail transit vehicle;

3. CN 201320839199.8-a shear type elastic wheel for rail transit vehicle;

4. CN 201510932632.6-segmented shear type elastic wheel for rail transit vehicle;

5. CN201710933041. X-A mechanically elastic wheel transverse stabilization reinforced composite hub structure;

6. cn201420768903. x-elastic brake.

For a low-floor vehicle directly driven by a motor in the prior art, as the radial rigidity of the elastic wheel is greater than the axial rigidity, the radial lightening effect of the unsprung portion of the vehicle is poor, and in order to ensure the safety performance of the motor, prolong the service life and improve the riding comfort, the vibration of the unsprung portion of the vehicle needs to be improved, so that the low-floor vehicle is ensured to achieve the optimal vibration reduction and noise reduction effects.

Disclosure of Invention

The isostrain elastic wheel provided by the invention can effectively reduce the radial rigidity of the elastic wheel, improve the vibration condition of the unsprung part of the vehicle, has more linear circumferential force and longer service life, avoids relative sliding of a wheel rim and a wheel core, improves the structural stability and reliability of the elastic wheel, meets the rigidity requirement of the unsprung part of the vehicle in a low-floor vehicle under different line working conditions, and has high use safety and practicability, low production cost and maintenance cost. The invention also provides an assembling method and a rigidity design method of the equal strain elastic wheel.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:

the equal-strain elastic wheel comprises a wheel rim, a wheel core concentrically arranged in the wheel rim and an elastic body detachably connected between the wheel rim and the wheel core, and is characterized in that the wheel rim and the wheel core are radially separated to form a radial gap and are circumferentially separated to form a circumferential gap, the elastic body is compressed in the circumferential gap, the elastic body, the wheel rim and the wheel core are radially separated and are not in contact, an included angle alpha between the circumferential gap and two sides, to which the elastic body is attached, is 0-90 degrees, the elastic body is in a sector shape corresponding to the circumferential gap, the circumferential proportion occupied by the elastic body is equal in the radial direction, and N x 3 circumferential gaps are circumferentially and uniformly distributed, wherein N is more than or equal to 2.

Preferably, the wheel core by the core ring with along circumference evenly distributed at the core ring periphery and be sectorial flabellum and constitute, core ring and flabellum integrated into one piece, and the quantity of flabellum is at least three, have in the inner ring of wheel band with the corresponding fan-shaped breach of flabellum and the circumference width of fan-shaped breach is greater than the circumference width of flabellum, the flabellum is located in the middle of the fan-shaped breach, the both sides of flabellum form the circumference space.

Preferably, the radial gap comprises an outer radial gap between the fan blade and the tire band and an inner radial gap between the core ring and the tire band, the radial width H1 of the outer radial gap is equal to the radial gap width between the elastomer and the tire band, and the radial width H2 of the inner radial gap is equal to the radial gap width between the elastomer and the core ring.

Preferably, the circumferential width of the single fan-shaped notch accounts for 1/12-1/16 of the circumference of the wheel band, and the circumferential width of the fan blade accounts for 1/3-1/2 of the circumferential width of the fan-shaped notch.

Preferably, the elastomer comprises an end plate, a partition plate and a rubber layer which are detachably connected with the tire or the wheel core, the partition plate is positioned between the two end plates, the adjacent partition plates and the end plates and the partition plates are bonded through the rubber layer in a vulcanization mode, an included angle alpha is formed between the two end plates, and the intersection point of the included angle alpha coincides with the circle center of the wheel core.

Preferably, one end of the elastic body is provided with a U-shaped oil cavity arranged along the circumferential direction, the U-shaped oil cavities of the elastic body aligned in the radial direction are in sealing connection through a semicircular oil guide pipe, the oil guide pipe is erected on the wheel core, the oil guide pipe and the wheel core are concentric and are uniformly arranged at intervals in the radial direction, and the U-shaped oil cavities are filled with hydraulic oil.

Preferably, the U-shaped oil chamber is arranged in an end plate at one end and a rubber layer connected with the end plate.

The assembling method of the equal-strain elastic wheel is characterized in that the wheel core is concentrically arranged in the wheel rim, the wheel rim and the wheel core are separated from each other in the radial direction and the circumferential direction to form a radial gap and a circumferential gap, then, half of the elastic bodies are arranged in the circumferential gap, a circumferential gap is reserved between the adjacent elastic bodies, then, the wheel core is rotated by external force to compress the arranged elastic bodies, the other half of the elastic bodies are respectively arranged in the reserved circumferential gaps, and finally, the wheel core is loosened to achieve stress balance of the elastic bodies through the rebound force of the elastic bodies.

The method for designing the rigidity of the equal-strain elastic wheel is characterized in that the number of the elastic bodies, the size of the included angle alpha and the radial rigidity and the axial rigidity of the elastic bodies are designed to adjust the radial rigidity and the axial rigidity of the wheel.

The radial stiffness and the axial stiffness of the elastomer are designed according to the thicknesses of the end plates, the partition plates and the rubber layers in the elastomer and the compression amount of the elastomer in the circumferential gap, so that the radial stiffness and the axial stiffness of the elastomer are determined.

The invention has the beneficial effects that:

1. the wheel rim and the wheel core are separated in the radial direction and the circumferential direction to form a radial gap and a circumferential gap, the wheel rim and the wheel core are connected through the elastic body, the elastic body is compressed in the circumferential gap and is not in contact with the wheel rim and the wheel core in the radial direction, when the elastic wheel is subjected to vertical force, the elastic body bears shearing force and has a deformation flowing space in the radial direction, the radial rigidity of the elastic wheel can be effectively reduced, the radial-axial rigidity ratio of the elastic wheel is reduced, the vibration condition of the unsprung part of the vehicle is improved, for a low-floor vehicle directly driven by the motor, the safety performance of the motor can be ensured, the service life is prolonged, and the riding comfort of passengers can be improved.

2. The elastic bodies occupy equal circumferential proportion along the radial direction, namely the circumferential proportion occupied by the elastic bodies from inside to outside along the radial direction of the elastic wheel is equal, the circumferential proportion occupied by the elastic bodies in the circumference with larger radius in the elastic wheel is equal to the circumferential proportion occupied by the elastic bodies in the circumference with smaller radius, the compression amount of the elastic bodies is equal along the radial direction, namely the stress borne by the elastic bodies is equal along the radial direction, the stress distribution of the elastic bodies is uniform, the elastic failure of the elastic bodies caused by too large local stress can be effectively reduced, the service life of the elastic bodies is longer, when the elastic wheels are loaded, the strains of the elastic bodies along the radial direction are equal, the strain capacities of the elastic wheels from inside to outside are equal, the elastic wheels with equal strain are formed, and the circumferential force is more linear and the service life is longer in the moving process of the elastic wheels.

3. The elastic bodies are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction, when the elastic wheel is stressed by the circumferential force, the elastic bodies bear the compression force, the elastic bodies are always in a compression state in the elastic wheel, and the elastic bodies cannot slide even if the rigidity of the elastic bodies is reduced, so that the relative sliding of the wheel rim and the wheel core is avoided, and the structural stability and the reliability of the elastic wheel are improved.

4. The elastic bodies are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction, and the quantity of the elastic bodies and the size of the included angle alpha can be designed according to the rigidity requirement of the elastic wheel in the using process, so that the rigidity of the elastic wheel is adjusted.

5. The elastic body is compressed in the circumferential gap, so that the radial and axial thicknesses can be equal by designing the structure of the elastic body, and the radial and axial rigidity of the installed elastic body is equal, so that the radial-axial rigidity ratio is equal to 1, and the low-floor vehicle is ensured to achieve the optimal vibration and noise reduction effect; the elastic body can also be designed into a vulcanization combination body of the metal plate and the rubber layer, and the radial rigidity and the axial rigidity of the elastic body are adjusted by adjusting the thickness ratio of the metal plate to the rubber layer in the elastic body, so that the radial rigidity and the axial rigidity of the elastic wheel are adjusted, and the rigidity requirement of the unsprung part of the vehicle in the low-floor vehicle under different line working conditions is met.

6. The elastic wheel is characterized in that a U-shaped oil cavity is formed in one end of each elastic body, hydraulic oil is filled in the U-shaped oil cavity, the U-shaped oil cavities of the elastic bodies which are aligned in the radial direction are connected in a sealing mode through oil guide pipes, the stress of the elastic wheels is inconsistent due to different positions of the elastic bodies in the movement process of the elastic wheels, the two elastic bodies which are aligned in the radial direction are stressed uniformly through the passing of the hydraulic oil from the U-shaped oil cavities, the stress of the elastic wheels is more uniform along the circumferential direction, the elastic bodies generate damping change due to the passing of the hydraulic oil, when the elastic wheels are started and braked, the starting and braking forces can be effectively buffered through damping, and the comfortableness is better.

7. The wheel rim and the wheel core are connected through the elastic body, the elastic body is detachably connected with the wheel rim and the wheel core, connecting bolts required during assembly of the elastic wheel can be effectively reduced, the assembly process of the elastic wheel is simplified, the assembly strength is reduced, the stress of other elastic bodies cannot be influenced by looseness of the connecting part of the elastic body and the wheel core or the wheel rim, and the use safety of the elastic wheel is improved. And the elastic body is simple and convenient to disassemble and assemble and easy to replace, the production cost and the maintenance cost of the elastic wheel are reduced, and the practicability of the elastic wheel is improved.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an elastic wheel for a rail transit vehicle according to a first embodiment.

Fig. 2 is a sectional view taken along the line a-a in fig. 1.

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the tire spaced radially and circumferentially from the wheel core.

Fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of the wheel core.

FIG. 5 is a schematic structural view of the tire.

FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of the elastomer according to the second embodiment.

FIG. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of an elastomer according to the third embodiment.

FIG. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of an elastomer according to the fourth embodiment.

Detailed Description

The following describes an embodiment of the present invention in detail with reference to fig. 1 to 8.

The first embodiment is as follows:

the equal-strain elastic wheel comprises a wheel rim 1, a wheel core 2 concentrically arranged in the wheel rim 1 and an elastic body 3 detachably connected between the wheel rim 1 and the wheel core 2, and is characterized in that the wheel rim 1 and the wheel core 2 are radially separated to form a radial gap A, and are circumferentially separated to form a circumferential gap B, the elastic body is compressed in the circumferential gap B, the elastic body 3, the wheel rim 1 and the wheel core 2 are radially separated and are not in contact, an included angle alpha between the circumferential gap B and the two sides, to which the elastic body 3 is attached, is 0-90 degrees, the elastic body 3 is in a fan shape corresponding to the circumferential gap B, the circumferential proportion of the elastic body 3 is equal in the radial direction, and the circumferential gaps B are uniformly distributed with Nx 2 in the circumferential direction, wherein N is not less than 3.

As shown in the figure, the wheel rim 1 and the wheel core 2 in the equal-strain elastic wheel are separated in the radial direction and the circumferential direction to form a radial gap A and a circumferential gap B, the wheel rim 1 and the wheel core 2 are connected through the elastic body 3, the elastic body 3 is compressed in the circumferential gap and is not in contact with the wheel rim and the wheel core in the radial direction, when the elastic wheel is stressed in the vertical direction, the elastic body bears shearing force and has a deformation flowing space in the radial direction, the radial rigidity of the elastic wheel can be effectively reduced, the radial-axial rigidity ratio of the elastic wheel is reduced, the vibration condition of a lower part of a vehicle spring is improved, for a low-floor vehicle directly driven by the motor, the safety performance of the motor can be ensured, the service life is prolonged, and the riding comfort of passengers can also be improved. The elastic bodies 3 are in a fan shape, the circumferential width of the elastic bodies 3 is gradually increased from inside to outside along the radial direction, so that the circumferential proportion occupied by the elastic bodies 3 is equal along the radial direction, namely the circumferential proportion occupied by the elastic bodies 3 from inside to outside along the radial direction of the elastic wheel is equal, the circumferential proportion occupied by the elastic bodies 3 in the circumference with larger radius is the same as the circumferential proportion occupied by the elastic bodies 3 in the circumference with smaller radius, the compression amount of the elastic bodies 3 is equal along the radial direction, namely the stress borne by the elastic bodies is equal along the radial direction, the stress distribution of the elastic bodies is uniform, the elastic failure of the elastic bodies caused by too large local stress can be effectively reduced, the service life of the elastic bodies is longer, when the elastic wheels are loaded, the strains of the elastic bodies along the radial direction are equal, the strain capacities of the elastic wheels from inside to outside are the same, the elastic wheels with equal strains are formed, and the elastic wheels move, the circumferential force is more linear, and the service life is longer. The elastic bodies 3 are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction, the elastic bodies bear compressive force when the elastic wheels are stressed in the circumferential direction, the elastic bodies are always in a compression state in the elastic wheels, and the elastic bodies cannot slide even after the rigidity of the elastic bodies is reduced, so that the relative sliding of the wheel rim and the wheel core is avoided, and the structural stability and the reliability of the elastic wheels are improved. The elastic body 3 is compressed in the circumferential gap, so that the radial and axial thicknesses can be equal by designing the structure of the elastic body, and the radial and axial rigidities of the installed elastic body are equal, so that the radial-axial rigidity ratio is equal to 1, the radial vibration damping performance of the elastic wheel is improved, the vibration of the unsprung portion of the vehicle in the low-floor vehicle is reduced, and the optimal vibration damping and noise reduction effects of the low-floor vehicle are ensured. The wheel band 1 and the wheel core 2 are connected through the elastic body, the elastic body 3 is detachably connected with the wheel band 1 and the wheel core 2, connecting bolts required during assembly of the elastic wheel can be effectively reduced, the assembly process of the elastic wheel is simplified, the assembly strength is reduced, the looseness of the connecting part of the elastic body 3 and the wheel core 2 or the wheel band 1 does not influence the stress of other elastic bodies, and the use safety of the elastic wheel is improved. And the elastic body is simple and convenient to disassemble and assemble and easy to replace, the production cost and the maintenance cost of the elastic wheel are reduced, and the practicability of the elastic wheel is improved.

Wherein, wheel core 2 by core ring 21 with along circumference evenly distributed at core ring 21 periphery and be sectorial flabellum 22 and constitute, core ring 21 and flabellum 22 integrated into one piece, and the quantity of flabellum 22 is at least three, have in the inner ring of wheel band 1 with the corresponding fan-shaped breach 11 of flabellum 22 and the circumferential width of fan-shaped breach 11 is greater than the circumferential width of flabellum 22, flabellum 22 is located in the middle of the fan-shaped breach 11, the both sides of flabellum 22 form circumference space B. As shown in fig. 3 to 5, a circumferential gap B is formed between the fan blade 22 on the wheel core 2 and the house type gap 11, when assembling, only a radial gap a and a circumferential gap B are formed between the wheel core 2 and the wheel rim 1, then an elastic body 3 is installed in every other circumferential gap B, then the installed elastic body 3 is compressed by rotating the wheel core 2, the width of the circumferential gap B without the elastic body 3 is increased, then the elastic body 3 is installed, then the wheel core 2 is loosened, the wheel core 2 is rotated by the resilience force of the elastic body 3, the stress of each elastic body 3 is balanced, the assembling mode of the wheel core 2, the wheel rim 1 and the elastic body 3 is simple and easy to realize, and the required connecting parts are few, the connecting bolts required when assembling the elastic wheel with the wheel core 2 and the wheel rim 1 are only detachably connected, can be effectively reduced, the assembling process is simplified, reduce intensity of labour, and through the mode of circumference compression with elastomer 3 compression between wheel core 2 and wheel band 1, accessible circumference elastic pressure effectively compresses tightly elastomer 3, even make elastomer 3 and the connection structure between wheel core 2 and the wheel band 1 take place not hard up, also be difficult for taking place to remove, because elastomer 3 separate the distribution and be connected with wheel core 2 and wheel band 1 respectively, the not hard up of an elastomer 3 and wheel core 2 or wheel band 1 connection position can not be to the atress that influences other elastomer 3, improve the safety in utilization of elastic wheel, and the dismouting of elastomer 3 is simple and convenient, easily change, the manufacturing cost and the maintenance cost who reduces elastic wheel are low, improve elastic wheel's practicality.

The radial gap a includes an outer radial gap a1 between the fan blade 22 and the tire 1 and an inner radial gap a2 between the core ring 21 and the tire 1, a radial width H1 of the outer radial gap a1 is equal to a radial gap width between the elastomer 3 and the tire 1, and a radial width H2 of the inner radial gap a2 is equal to a radial gap width between the elastomer 3 and the core ring 21. The outer radial gap A1 and the inner radial gap A2 form two radial deformation spaces between the elastic body 3 and the tire rim 1 and the wheel core 2, the radial width H1 of the outer radial gap A1 is equal to the radial gap width between the elastic body 3 and the tire rim 1, and the radial width H2 of the inner radial gap A2 is equal to the radial gap width between the elastic body 3 and the core ring 21, so that the elastic body 3 has enough deformation space along the radial direction, the radial rigidity of the elastic wheel is effectively reduced, compared with a structure in the prior art that the elastic wheel radially and directly connects the tire rim and the wheel core through the elastic body, the radial rigidity is obviously reduced, more radial vibration energy can be radially absorbed through the deformation of the elastic body 3 along the radial direction, and the radial vibration damping effect of the elastic wheel is improved.

The circumferential width of the single fan-shaped notch 11 accounts for 1/12-1/6 of the circumference of the tire 1, and the circumferential width of the fan blade 22 accounts for 1/3-1/2 of the circumferential width of the fan-shaped notch 11. Guarantee the width in circumference space B to guarantee having enough circumference width behind the installation of elastomer 3, avoid causing the circumference width undersize of elastomer 3 in the elastic wheel because of circumference space B width undersize, play effective damping effect.

The second embodiment:

the difference with the first embodiment is that the elastic body 3 is composed of end plates 31 detachably connected with the tire 1 or the wheel core 2, partition plates 32 and rubber layers 33, the partition plates 32 are located between the two end plates 31, the adjacent partition plates 32 and the end plates 31 and the partition plates 32 are vulcanized and bonded through the rubber layers 33, an included angle alpha is formed between the two end plates 31, and the intersection point of the included angle alpha coincides with the circle center of the wheel core 2. As shown in fig. 6, the elastic body 3 is in a fan shape and is composed of an end plate 31, a partition plate 32 and a rubber layer 33, the rigidity of the elastic body is increased by adding the end plate 31 and the partition plate 32, so that the thickness ratio of a metal plate to the rubber layer in the elastic body 3 is adjusted according to the use rigidity requirement of the elastic wheel, the radial rigidity and the axial rigidity of the elastic body are adjusted, the radial rigidity and the axial rigidity of the elastic wheel are adjusted, and the rigidity requirement of the unsprung portion of the vehicle in the low-floor vehicle under different line working conditions is met. In the elastic body in fig. 6, the thicknesses of the mounting rear end plate 31 and the partition plate 32 in the radial direction and the axial direction of the wheel are equal, that is, the radial stiffness and the axial stiffness of the elastic body 3 after mounting are equal, and the radial-axial stiffness ratio is equal to 1, so that the radial-axial stiffness ratio of the elastic wheel is equal to 1, and the vibration damping effect of the elastic wheel is effectively improved.

Example three:

the difference from the first embodiment lies in that one end of the elastic body 3 is provided with a U-shaped oil cavity 34 arranged along the circumferential direction, the U-shaped oil cavities 34 of the elastic body 3 aligned in the radial direction are hermetically connected through a semicircular oil guide pipe 4, the oil guide pipe 4 is erected on the wheel core 2, the oil guide pipe 4 and the wheel core 2 are concentric and are uniformly arranged at intervals in the radial direction, and the U-shaped oil cavities 34 are filled with hydraulic oil. A U-shaped oil cavity 34 is formed in one end of the elastic body 3, the U-shaped oil cavity 34 is filled with hydraulic oil, the U-shaped oil cavities of the elastic bodies which are aligned in the radial direction are connected in a sealing mode through oil guide pipes, in the moving process of the elastic wheel, the stress of the wheel is inconsistent due to the fact that the positions of the elastic bodies are different, the two elastic bodies which are aligned in the radial direction are stressed evenly through the fact that the hydraulic oil enters and exits from the U-shaped oil cavity 34, the stress of the elastic wheel is more even in the circumferential direction, the elastic bodies generate damping change due to the fact that the hydraulic oil enters and exits, when the elastic wheel is started and braked, starting and braking force can be effectively buffered through damping, and comfort is better.

Example four:

the difference with the third embodiment is that the elastic body 3 is composed of end plates 31 detachably connected with the tire 1 or the wheel core 2, partition plates 32 and rubber layers 33, the partition plates 32 are located between the two end plates 31, the adjacent partition plates 32 and the end plates 31 and the partition plates 32 are vulcanized and bonded through the rubber layers 33, an included angle alpha is formed between the two end plates 31, and the intersection point of the included angle alpha coincides with the center of the wheel core 2. The U-shaped oil chamber 34 is opened in one end plate 32 and a rubber layer 33 connected to the end plate 32. As shown in fig. 8, the elastic body 3 has a fan shape and is composed of an end plate 31, a partition plate 32 and a rubber layer 33, and a U-shaped oil chamber 34 is opened in one end plate 32 and the rubber layer 33 connected to the end plate 32. The thicknesses of the elastomer mounting rear end plate 31 and the partition plate 32 in the radial direction and the axial direction of the wheel are equal, that is, the radial stiffness and the axial stiffness of the elastomer 3 after mounting are equal, and the radial-axial stiffness ratio is equal to 1, so that the radial-axial stiffness ratio of the elastic wheel is equal to 1, and the vibration damping effect of the elastic wheel is effectively improved. And through the business turn over of hydraulic oil from U type oil pocket 34, make two elastomers that align along radial direction evenly atress, the elasticity wheel is more even along circumference atress, and the elastomer produces damping change because the business turn over of hydraulic oil, and when the elasticity wheel started and braked, the damping can effectually cushion start-up, braking force, and the travelling comfort is better.

The invention also protects the assembly method of the equal-strain elastic wheel, which is characterized in that the wheel core 2 is concentrically arranged in the wheel hoop 1, the wheel hoop 1 and the wheel core 2 are separated in the radial direction and the circumferential direction to form a radial gap A and a circumferential gap B, then half of the elastic bodies 3 are arranged in the circumferential gap B, a circumferential gap B is reserved between the adjacent elastic bodies 3, then the wheel core 2 is rotated by external force to compress the arranged elastic bodies 3, the other half of the elastic bodies 3 are respectively arranged in the reserved circumferential gaps B, and finally the wheel core 2 is loosened to achieve the stress balance of each elastic body 3 through the rebound force of the elastic bodies 3.

In the assembling method, the circumferential gap B is formed between the fan blade 22 on the wheel core 2 and the house type gap 11, when assembling, only the radial gap A and the circumferential gap B are formed between the wheel core 2 and the wheel rim 1, then the elastic body 3 is installed in every other circumferential gap B, then the installed elastic body 3 is compressed by rotating the wheel core 2, the width of the circumferential gap B without the elastic body 3 is increased, then the elastic body 3 is installed, then the wheel core 2 is loosened, the wheel core 2 is rotated by the resilience force of the elastic body 3, the stress of each elastic body 3 is balanced, the assembling mode of the wheel core 2, the wheel rim 1 and the elastic body 3 is simple and easy to realize, the needed connecting parts are few, the connecting bolts are only detachably connected with the wheel core 2 and the wheel rim 1, the needed connecting bolts when assembling the elastic wheel can be effectively reduced, and the assembling process is simplified, reduce intensity of labour, and through the mode of circumference compression with elastomer 3 compression between wheel core 2 and wheel band 1, accessible circumference elastic pressure effectively compresses tightly elastomer 3, even make elastomer 3 and the connection structure between wheel core 2 and the wheel band 1 take place not hard up, also be difficult for taking place to remove, because elastomer 3 separate the distribution and be connected with wheel core 2 and wheel band 1 respectively, the not hard up of an elastomer 3 and wheel core 2 or wheel band 1 connection position can not be to the atress that influences other elastomer 3, improve the safety in utilization of elastic wheel, and the dismouting of elastomer 3 is simple and convenient, easily change, the manufacturing cost and the maintenance cost who reduces elastic wheel are low, improve elastic wheel's practicality.

The invention also provides a rigidity design method of the equal-strain elastic wheel, which is characterized in that the radial rigidity and the axial rigidity of the wheel are adjusted by designing the number of the elastic bodies 3, the size of the included angle alpha and the radial rigidity and the axial rigidity of the elastic bodies 3.

Designing the radial stiffness and the axial stiffness of the elastic body 3 refers to designing the circumferential compression amount of the elastic body 3 compressed in the circumferential gap B so as to obtain the axial stiffness of the radial stiffness of the elastic body 3 under the condition of the determined compression amount, and then combining the number of the elastic bodies 3 along the circumferential direction and the size of an included angle alpha so as to obtain the radial stiffness and the circumferential stiffness of the elastic wheel. The elastic body is compressed in the circumferential gap, so that the radial and axial thicknesses of the elastic body can be equal by designing the structure of the elastic body, and the radial and axial rigidity of the installed elastic body is equal, so that the radial and axial rigidity ratio is equal to 1, the radial vibration damping performance of the elastic wheel is improved, the vibration of the unsprung portion of the vehicle in the low-floor vehicle is reduced, and the low-floor vehicle is ensured to achieve the optimal vibration damping and noise reduction effect.

Specifically, "designing the radial stiffness and the axial stiffness of the elastic body 3" refers to designing the thicknesses of the end plate 31, the partition plate 32, and the rubber layer 33 in the elastic body 3, and the amount of compression of the elastic body 3 in the circumferential gap B, thereby determining the radial stiffness and the axial stiffness of the elastic body 3. The rigidity of the elastic body is increased by adding the end plate 31 and the partition plate 32, so that the thickness ratio of the metal plate and the rubber layer in the elastic body 3 is adjusted according to the use rigidity requirement of the elastic wheel, the radial rigidity and the axial rigidity of the elastic body are adjusted, the radial rigidity and the axial rigidity of the elastic wheel are adjusted, and the rigidity requirement of the unsprung part of the vehicle in the low-floor vehicle under different line working conditions is met.

The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention are fully described above with reference to the accompanying drawings, and it should be noted that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without any inventive step based on the embodiments of the present invention, are within the scope of the present invention.

Claims (9)

1. The equi-strain elastic wheel comprises a wheel band (1), a wheel core (2) concentrically arranged in the wheel band (1) and an elastic body (3) detachably connected between the wheel band (1) and the wheel core (2), and is characterized in that the wheel band (1) and the wheel core (2) are radially separated to form a radial gap (A) and circumferentially separated to form a circumferential gap (B), the elastic body is compressed in the circumferential gap (B), the elastic body (3), the wheel band (1) and the wheel core (2) are radially separated and are not in contact with each other, the included angle alpha of two sides, which are attached to the elastic body (3), of the circumferential gap (B) is 0-90 degrees, the elastic body (3) is in a sector shape corresponding to the circumferential gap (B), the circumferential proportion occupied by the elastic body (3) is equal in the radial direction, and the circumferential gaps (B) are uniformly distributed with the number of Nx 2 in the circumferential direction, wherein N is not less than or equal to 3;

wheel core (2) by core ring (21) with along circumference evenly distributed at core ring (21) periphery and be sectorial flabellum (22) and constitute, core ring (21) and flabellum (22) integrated into one piece, and the quantity of flabellum (22) is at least three, have in the inner ring of wheel band (1) and be greater than the circumference width of flabellum (22) with the corresponding fan-shaped breach (11) of flabellum (22) and the circumference width of fan-shaped breach (11), flabellum (22) are located in the middle of fan-shaped breach (11), the both sides of flabellum (22) form circumference space (B).

2. The isostrain elastic wheel according to claim 1, characterized in that the radial clearance (a) comprises an outer radial clearance (a 1) between the blades (22) and the rim (1) and an inner radial clearance (a 2) between the core ring (21) and the rim (1), the radial width H1 of the outer radial clearance (a 1) is equal to the radial clearance width between the elastomer (3) and the rim (1), and the radial width H2 of the inner radial clearance (a 2) is equal to the radial clearance width between the elastomer (3) and the core ring (21).

3. The isostrain elastic wheel according to claim 1, wherein the circumferential width of the single fan-shaped notch (11) accounts for 1/12-1/6 of the circumference of the wheel rim (1), and the circumferential width of the fan blade (22) accounts for 1/3-1/2 of the circumferential width of the fan-shaped notch (11).

4. The equi-strain elastic wheel according to claim 1, wherein the elastic body (3) is composed of end plates (31) detachably connected with the wheel rim (1) or the wheel core (2), partition plates (32) and rubber layers (33), the partition plates (32) are positioned between the two end plates (31), the adjacent partition plates (32) and the end plates (31) and the partition plates (32) are vulcanized and bonded through the rubber layers (33), an included angle α is formed between the two end plates (31), and the intersection point of the included angle α coincides with the center of the wheel core (2).

5. The equi-strain elastic wheel according to claim 1 or 4, wherein one end of the elastic body (3) is provided with a U-shaped oil cavity (34) arranged along the circumferential direction, the U-shaped oil cavities (34) of the elastic bodies (3) aligned in the radial direction are hermetically connected through a semicircular oil guide pipe (4), the oil guide pipe (4) is erected on the wheel core (2), the oil guide pipe (4) and the wheel core (2) are concentric and are uniformly arranged at intervals along the radial direction, and the U-shaped oil cavities (34) are filled with hydraulic oil.

6. The isostrain elastic wheel according to claim 5, wherein the U-shaped oil chamber (34) is opened in an end plate (31) and a rubber layer (33) connected to the end plate (31).

7. The method for assembling an isostrain elastic wheel as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the wheel core (2) is concentrically placed in the wheel rim (1), the wheel rim (1) and the wheel core (2) are spaced apart radially and circumferentially to form a radial gap (A) and a circumferential gap (B), then half of the elastomers (3) are installed in the circumferential gap (B) and a circumferential gap (B) is reserved between adjacent elastomers (3), then the wheel core (2) is rotated by external force to compress the installed elastomers (3), the other half of the elastomers (3) are respectively installed in the reserved circumferential gaps (B), and finally the wheel core (2) is loosened to achieve the stress balance of each elastomer (3) through the rebound force of the elastomers (3).

8. Method for designing the stiffness of an isostrain elastic wheel according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the number of elastic bodies (3), the size of the included angle α, and the radial stiffness and the axial stiffness of the elastic bodies (3) are designed to adjust the radial stiffness and the axial stiffness of the wheel.

9. The rigidity design method of an equi-strain elastic wheel according to claim 8, wherein "designing the radial rigidity and the axial rigidity of the elastic body (3)" refers to designing the thicknesses of the end plate (31), the spacer (32) and the rubber layer (33) in the elastic body (3), the compression amount of the elastic body (3) in the circumferential gap (B), thereby determining the radial rigidity and the axial rigidity of the elastic body (3).

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