CN110154169A - A kind of environmental protection unilateral side surface strengthening stable type timber and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
A kind of environmental protection unilateral side surface strengthening stable type timber and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN110154169A CN110154169A CN201910406653.2A CN201910406653A CN110154169A CN 110154169 A CN110154169 A CN 110154169A CN 201910406653 A CN201910406653 A CN 201910406653A CN 110154169 A CN110154169 A CN 110154169A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
- B27D—WORKING VENEER OR PLYWOOD
- B27D1/00—Joining wood veneer with any material; Forming articles thereby; Preparatory processing of surfaces to be joined, e.g. scoring
- B27D1/04—Joining wood veneer with any material; Forming articles thereby; Preparatory processing of surfaces to be joined, e.g. scoring to produce plywood or articles made therefrom; Plywood sheets
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
- B27D—WORKING VENEER OR PLYWOOD
- B27D1/00—Joining wood veneer with any material; Forming articles thereby; Preparatory processing of surfaces to be joined, e.g. scoring
- B27D1/04—Joining wood veneer with any material; Forming articles thereby; Preparatory processing of surfaces to be joined, e.g. scoring to produce plywood or articles made therefrom; Plywood sheets
- B27D1/08—Manufacture of shaped articles; Presses specially designed therefor
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
- B27K—PROCESSES, APPARATUS OR SELECTION OF SUBSTANCES FOR IMPREGNATING, STAINING, DYEING, BLEACHING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS, OR TREATING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS WITH PERMEANT LIQUIDS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL TREATMENT OF CORK, CANE, REED, STRAW OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- B27K5/00—Treating of wood not provided for in groups B27K1/00, B27K3/00
- B27K5/001—Heating
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
- B27K—PROCESSES, APPARATUS OR SELECTION OF SUBSTANCES FOR IMPREGNATING, STAINING, DYEING, BLEACHING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS, OR TREATING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS WITH PERMEANT LIQUIDS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL TREATMENT OF CORK, CANE, REED, STRAW OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- B27K5/00—Treating of wood not provided for in groups B27K1/00, B27K3/00
- B27K5/007—Treating of wood not provided for in groups B27K1/00, B27K3/00 using pressure
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
- B27K—PROCESSES, APPARATUS OR SELECTION OF SUBSTANCES FOR IMPREGNATING, STAINING, DYEING, BLEACHING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS, OR TREATING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS WITH PERMEANT LIQUIDS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL TREATMENT OF CORK, CANE, REED, STRAW OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- B27K5/00—Treating of wood not provided for in groups B27K1/00, B27K3/00
- B27K5/06—Softening or hardening of wood
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B21/00—Layered products comprising a layer of wood, e.g. wood board, veneer, wood particle board
- B32B21/13—Layered products comprising a layer of wood, e.g. wood board, veneer, wood particle board all layers being exclusively wood
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B21/00—Layered products comprising a layer of wood, e.g. wood board, veneer, wood particle board
- B32B21/14—Layered products comprising a layer of wood, e.g. wood board, veneer, wood particle board comprising wood board or veneer
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B33/00—Layered products characterised by particular properties or particular surface features, e.g. particular surface coatings; Layered products designed for particular purposes not covered by another single class
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
- B32B2307/50—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular mechanical properties
- B32B2307/536—Hardness
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
- B32B2307/70—Other properties
- B32B2307/732—Dimensional properties
- B32B2307/734—Dimensional stability
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Forests & Forestry (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
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- Chemical And Physical Treatments For Wood And The Like (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses unilateral surface strengthening stable type timber of a kind of environmental protection and preparation method thereof.The two sides surface layer of unilateral surface strengthening stable type timber is outer plate surface strengthening layer and inner panel surface layer, and the ratio of the radial shrinkage rate of the Chordwise shrinkage and inner panel surface layer of outer plate surface strengthening layer is 1.4~1.7；The hardness of outer plate surface strengthening layer and the hardness ratio of inner panel surface layer are 1.5~2.4, and the moisture content of inner panel surface layer and the moisture content ratio of outer plate surface strengthening layer are 1.35~2.2；The moisture content of inner panel surface layer is 7~15%, and the moisture content of outer plate surface strengthening layer is 4~11%, forms angle β by the outermost layer annual ring of outer plate surface strengthening layer and the point of intersection tangent line of outer plate surface strengthening layer and outer plate surface strengthening layer1, 0 °≤β1≤ 30 °, the point of intersection tangent line and inner panel surface layer of innermost layer annual ring and inner panel surface layer by inner panel surface layer form angle β2, 60 °≤β2≤90°.The present invention improves the unilateral surface hardness and stability of timber.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to Wooden modifying and woodwork technical field of producing, unilateral more particularly, to a kind of environmental protection
Surface strengthening stable type timber and preparation method thereof.
Background technique
Currently, China stops the commercial clear cutting to wildwood comprehensively, is gradually converted into material structure from wildwood low close
The fast growing wood of degree.However, fast growing wood the disadvantages of that there are density is low, the hardness of wood is low and poor dimensional stability, be mainly used for glue
The fields such as plywood, pulping and paper-making and logistics packaging, solid wood producing level be not high.Timber is a kind of natural porous hygroscopicity simultaneously
Material, timber can cause the variation of moisture content with the variation of envionmental humidity in use.Again because of timber
The anisotropy of drying shrinkage bulking shows, and when moisture content generates variation, timber will be generated in tangential, radial direction and rift grain direction
Different change in size.For most of timber, generally longitudinally minimum, absolutely dry shrinkage is about 0.1%~0.3%, is made to timber
Very little is influenced with deformation, can be ignored in timber processing use.It is radial placed in the middle, about 4.5%~8%, it is tangential the largest of about
8%~12%.For most inner plate surfaces close to the plate of medulla, outer plate surface is plain-sawed lumber, and inner plate surface is through cutting plate, tangential shrinkage
The ratio of rate and radial shrinkage rate is 2 or so, and timber and woodwork is caused easily to produce in as furniture, floor and timber materials'use
Change shape, cracking and other issues, heavy economic losses is suffered to enterprise, to limit the extensive use of timber.
Low for density of wood, the unstable material properties of size, Chinese patent CN109366670A discloses one kind " one
The processing method of kind rapid densification charing enhancing wood performance ", the specific implementation steps are as follows: by the drying of wood to moisture content 9%
~20%, the timber after drying is placed on stainless steel electric boiling plate, is placed in above timber with one block of perforated metal, to wood
Material, which carries out heating pressurization compression, makes the rate control of timber 6%~25%, and the pressure state is maintained to be heat-treated 1~30min,
Cooling, release, obtaining closely knit charing enhances timber.This method can improve timber while improving Wood mechanical property
Dimensional stability, but for the plain-sawed lumber close to medulla, string radial shrinkage not can effectively solve than big using the invention method
Problem.
Chinese patent CN108858568A discloses a kind of a kind of " working process for improving timber stability and waterproof performance
Method ", the specific implementation steps are as follows: timber is tentatively dried 20~30 minutes after preparatory processing at 45~50 DEG C, then will be dried
Timber after dry successively impregnates in treatment fluid 1,2, kept dry.The treatment fluid 1 is 500~600 parts of dehydrated alcohol, glycerine
250~300 parts, 20~30 parts of calcium oxide, 2.4~3.0 parts of sodium hydroxide, 1.0~1.2 parts of potassium hydroxide be uniformly mixed it is molten
Liquid；The main component of the treatment fluid 2 is 38~40 parts of glyceryl triacetate, 65~70 parts of turpentine oil, butyl acetate 17~19
Part, 10~20 parts of essence base, 1.6~2.0 parts of sandalwood fragrance, 1.23~1.27 parts of benzoin resin, 12~14 parts of Arabic gum,
After mixing by above-mentioned substance, it can be prepared by treatment fluid 2 through high pressure homogenization emulsification.Though the above method can improve timber stability
And the hardness of wood, but there are treatment process addition chemical agents to be easy to pollute the environment, while processed timber is still
There is a problem of string radial shrinkage than big.
Summary of the invention
In order to solve above-mentioned the deficiencies in the prior art and disadvantage, a kind of unilateral surface strengthening stable type of environmental protection is provided
Timber.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a kind of preparation methods of above-mentioned unilateral surface strengthening stable type timber of environmental protection.
This method carries out softening and compaction reinforcing to plain-sawed lumber outer plate surface using asymmetric heating means and surface reinforcing method, then to list
The timber that the compression of side surface layer is strengthened carries out moisture content modulation, the modification for overcoming pollution problem existing in the prior art and obtaining
Timber string radial shrinkage is than big technical problem.
The purpose of the present invention is realized by following technical proposals:
A kind of unilateral surface strengthening stable type timber of environmental protection, the two sides surface layer of the unilateral side surface strengthening stable type timber are
Outer plate surface strengthening layer and inner panel surface layer, the ratio of the radial shrinkage rate of the Chordwise shrinkage and inner panel surface layer of the outer plate surface strengthening layer
Value is 1.4~1.7；The hardness ratio of the hardness of outer plate surface strengthening layer and inner panel surface layer is 1.5~2.4, inner panel surface layer it is aqueous
The moisture content ratio of rate and outer plate surface strengthening layer is 1.35~2.2；The moisture content of inner panel surface layer is 7~15%, outside plate surface strengthening
The moisture content of layer is 4~11%, is cut by the outermost layer annual ring and the point of intersection of outer plate surface strengthening layer of the outer plate surface strengthening layer
Line and outer plate surface strengthening layer form angle β1, 0 °≤β1≤ 30 °, innermost layer annual ring and inner panel surface layer by the inner panel surface layer
Point of intersection tangent line and inner panel surface layer formed angle β2, 60 °≤β2≤90°。
Preferably, the outer plate surface strengthening layer with a thickness of 2~8mm, inner panel surface layer with a thickness of 2~8mm.
The preparation method of the unilateral surface strengthening stable type timber of the environmental protection, comprising the following specific steps
S1. timber is placed on 15~50 DEG C of cold-smoothing plate, is closed press, outside plate surface layer and 120~200 DEG C of flat plate heat
Contact, for press in 10~240 seconds by wood compression to target thickness, decrement is 2~8mm, and outer plate surface strengthening layer is made；
S2. the temperature of flat plate heat rises to 180~240 DEG C, 15~50 DEG C of cold-smoothing plate temperature；Apply 0.1~0.5MPa of pressure,
Flat plate heat and outer plate surface strengthening layer fit closely and keep the temperature 5~30min in the whole process；
S3. to heat-insulation pressure keeping after, flat plate heat is cooled to 15~50 DEG C, timber is taken out in pressure release；Temperature be 40~
Under conditions of 50 DEG C and relative humidity are 60%~85%, the average moisture content of outer plate surface strengthening layer and inner panel surface layer is adjusted, i.e.,
The unilateral surface strengthening stable type timber of environmental protection is made.
Preferably, timber described in step S1 is poplar, rubber wood timber, paulownia, husky Billy or Okoume.
Preferably, the temperature of flat plate heat described in step S1 is 130~180 DEG C；The temperature of cold-smoothing plate is 20~40 DEG C.
Preferably, timber described in step S1 is the Chordwise shrinkage of outside plate surface layer and the radial shrinkage rate of inner panel surface layer
Ratio be more than 1.8 timber, the air-dry density of the timber is 0.40~0.62g/cm3, the timber initially contains
Water rate is 7~15%.
Preferably, decrement described in step S1 is 4~6mm.
Preferably, the average moisture content of unilateral surface strengthening stable type timber described in step S3 is 7~15%；Inner panel
The moisture content 7~15% in face；The moisture content of outer plate surface strengthening layer is 4~11%.
It is further preferable that the average moisture content of the unilateral surface strengthening stable type timber is 9~12%；Inner plate surface
Moisture content is 9~12%；The moisture content of outer plate surface strengthening layer is 6~9%.
Application of the unilateral surface strengthening stable type timber of the environmental protection in woodwork field.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
1. the present invention carries out local softening compression to plain-sawed lumber outer plate surface using asymmetric heating means and surface peening method
Intensive treatment reduces the string radial shrinkage ratio of plain-sawed lumber outer plate surface and inner plate surface by the contract with dry rate of reduction plain-sawed lumber outer plate surface,
Plate is after unilateral surface strengthening, by the ratio of the radial shrinkage rate of the Chordwise shrinkage and inner panel surface layer of original outside plate surface layer
1.4~1.7 are reduced to greater than 1.8, to improve the hardness of outer plate surface strengthening layer and the stability of plain-sawed lumber.
2. the present invention realizes low-density timber unilateral side surface hardness and the synchronous raising of dimensional stability.
3. the present invention carries out moisture content modulation to modified outer plate surface strengthening layer and inner panel surface layer, exist to reduce timber
Water-cut variation in use process, to improve timber stability.
4. the present invention carries out local heating softening and compaction intensive treatment to timber using asymmetric heating, process letter is realized
It is single, controllably, since only to local thermal softening, required low energy consumption.Entire treatment process does not add chemicals, overcomes existing skill
Pollution problem present in art, energy consumption is high and the technical deficiency of long processing period.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the preparation process schematic diagram of the unilateral surface strengthening stable type timber of environmental protection of the invention.
Fig. 2 is the unilateral surface strengthening stable type wood structure schematic diagram of environmental protection of the invention.
Specific embodiment
The contents of the present invention are further illustrated combined with specific embodiments below, but should not be construed as limiting the invention.
Fig. 1 is the preparation process schematic diagram of the unilateral surface strengthening stable type timber of environmental protection of the invention.Wherein, 1 is timber
(plain-sawed lumber), 2 be outside plate surface layer, and 3 be inner panel surface layer；The two sides surface layer of timber 1 is respectively outside plate surface layer 2 and inner panel surface layer 3；String
The outside plate surface layer 2 of cutting plate is contacted with the flat plate heat for being preheated to target temperature, inner panel surface layer 3 and the cold-smoothing plate for being preheated to target temperature
Contact is strengthened through flat plate heat side compression and the unilateral surface strengthening stable type timber of environmental protection is made.
Fig. 2 is the unilateral surface strengthening stable type wood structure schematic diagram of environmental protection of the invention.As shown in Figure 2, unilateral surface layer
The two sides surface layer for strengthening stable type timber 1 is respectively outer plate surface strengthening layer 2 and inner panel surface layer 3, β1To pass through outer plate surface strengthening layer
The angle that the tangent line and outer plate surface strengthening layer of outermost layer annual ring and outer plate surface strengthening layer intersection point are formed, 0 °≤β1≤ 30 °, β2For warp
The angle that the tangent line and inner panel surface layer for crossing inner panel surface layer innermost layer annual ring and inner panel surface layer intersection point are formed, 60 °≤β2≤90°。
Embodiment 1
The present embodiment carries out unilateral surface strengthening processing to poplar, and the poplar used is plain-sawed lumber, β1It is 28 °, β2It is 60 °,
For string radial shrinkage than 1.88, first moisture content is 8%, and average air-dry density is 0.48g/cm3。
(1) thermal field controls: flat plate heat is warming up to 180 DEG C of target temperature, stablizes temperature at 180 DEG C of target temperature, cold-smoothing
20 DEG C of plate temperature.
(2) compression strengthen: cotton wood inner plate surface is placed on cold-smoothing plate, be closed press, the outside plate surface layer of timber with
Flat plate heat contact, in 240 seconds by wood compression to target thickness, decrement 8mm is made outer plate surface strengthening layer, prepared press
Journey is as shown in Figure 1.
(3) deformation is fixed: flat plate heat temperature being risen to 240 DEG C of target temperature, is kept for 20 DEG C of cold-smoothing plate temperature；Apply pressure
0.5MPa guarantees that flat plate heat is fitted closely with timber outer plate surface strengthening layer in the whole process, soaking time 5 minutes.
(4) plate is unloaded in cooling: after to heat-insulation pressure keeping, flat plate heat being cooled to 40 DEG C, timber is taken out in pressure release.
(5) moisture is modulated: in the thermostatic constant wet equipment that temperature is 40 DEG C, relative humidity is 65%, adjusting timber (including
Outer plate surface strengthening layer and inner panel surface layer) average moisture content is 10%, obtains environmentally friendly unilateral surface strengthening stable type timber, it is made
The structural schematic diagram of the unilateral surface strengthening stable type timber of the environmental protection obtained is as shown in Figure 2.By slab saw be cut into 50mm × 20mm ×
70mm (string × diameter × vertical), outer plate surface strengthening layer saw are cut into 20mm × 5mm × 20mm (string × diameter × vertical), and inner panel surface layer saw is cut into
The test specimen of 5mm × 20mm × 20mm (string × diameter × vertical) is used as the hardness of wood, moisture content and string radial shrinkage than measurement.Using
GB/T1941-2009 " Method of testing in hardness of wood ", the hardness of measurement timber outer plate surface strengthening layer, inner panel surface layer, as a result distinguishes
For 3200N, 1650N, the ratio between timber outer plate surface strengthening layer and inner panel surface layer hardness are 1.94.Using GB/T 1931-2009 " wood
Material measurement of water-content coefficient method ", the moisture content of inner panel surface layer, outer plate surface strengthening layer is measured, as a result respectively 11%, 6%, in timber
Board finish moisture content and outer plate surface strengthening layer moisture content ratio are 1.83.Referring to " the wood shrinkage measurement side GB/T 1932-2009
Method " measurement outer plate surface strengthening layer, inner panel surface layer from gas do the contract with dry rate under state to absolutely dried condition, and utilize formula (1) to calculate string
Radial shrinkage ratio.Poplar string radial shrinkage ratio after unilateral surface strengthening modification is 1.51.
Embodiment 2
The present embodiment carries out unilateral surface strengthening processing to poplar.The poplar used is plain-sawed lumber, β1It is 25 °, β2It is 68 °,
For string radial shrinkage than 2.09, first moisture content is 13%, and average air-dry density is 0.50g/cm3。
(1) thermal field controls: flat plate heat is warming up to 150 DEG C of target temperature, stablizes temperature at 150 DEG C of target temperature, cold-smoothing
40 DEG C of plate temperature.
(2) compression is strengthened: cotton wood being placed on cold-smoothing plate, press is closed, outside plate surface layer and the flat plate heat of timber connect
Touching, for press in 10 seconds by wood compression to target thickness, outer plate surface strengthening layer, preparation process such as Fig. 1 institute is made in decrement 5mm
Show.
(3) deformation is fixed: flat plate heat temperature being risen to 180 DEG C of target temperature, is kept for 40 DEG C of cold-smoothing plate temperature；Apply pressure
0.1MPa guarantees that flat plate heat is fitted closely with timber outer plate surface strengthening layer in the whole process, soaking time 30 minutes.
(4) plate is unloaded in cooling: after to heat-insulation pressure keeping, flat plate heat being cooled to 40 DEG C, timber is taken out in pressure release.
(5) moisture is modulated: in the thermostatic constant wet equipment that temperature is 40 DEG C, relative humidity is 75%, it is average to adjust timber
Moisture content is 11%, obtains environmentally friendly unilateral surface strengthening stable type timber, the unilateral surface strengthening stable type of obtained environmental protection
The structural schematic diagram of timber is as shown in Figure 2.Slab saw is cut into 50mm × 20mm × 70mm (string × diameter × vertical), outside plate surface strengthening
Layer saw is cut into 20mm × 5mm × 20mm (string × diameter × vertical), and inner plate surface saw is cut into 5mm × 20mm × 20mm's (string × diameter × vertical)
Test specimen is used as the hardness of wood, moisture content and string radial shrinkage than measurement.Using " the hardness of wood test side GB/T 1941-2009
Method ", the outer plate surface strengthening layer of timber, the hardness of inner panel surface layer are measured, as a result respectively 3580N, 1705N, the outer plate surface of timber
The ratio between strengthening layer and inner panel surface layer hardness are 2.10.Using GB/T 1931-2009 " Method for determination of the moisture content of wood ", in measurement
The moisture content of board finish, outer plate surface strengthening layer, as a result respectively 12%, 7%, timber inner panel surface layer moisture content and outside plate surface strengthening
Layer moisture content ratio is 1.71.Outer plate surface strengthening layer, inner panel are measured referring to GB/T 1932-2009 " Method for determination of the shrinkage of wood "
Surface layer does the contract with dry rate under state to absolutely dried condition from gas, calculates string radial shrinkage ratio using formula (1).Unilateral surface strengthening changes
Property treated poplar string radial shrinkage ratio be 1.45.
Embodiment 3
The present embodiment carries out unilateral surface strengthening processing to Okoume timber, and the Okoume timber used is plain-sawed lumber, β1
It is 20 °, β2It is 65 °, for string radial shrinkage than 1.93, first moisture content is 11%, and average air-dry density is 0.45g/cm3。
(1) thermal field controls: flat plate heat is warming up to 130 DEG C of target temperature, stablizes temperature at 130 DEG C of target temperature, cold-smoothing
30 DEG C of plate temperature.
(2) compression is strengthened: Okoume timber being placed on cold-smoothing plate, press, the outside plate surface layer and flat plate heat of timber are closed
Contact, for press in 120 seconds by wood compression to target thickness, outer plate surface strengthening layer, preparation process such as Fig. 1 is made in decrement 5mm
It is shown.
(3) deformation is fixed: flat plate heat temperature being risen to 200 DEG C of target temperature, is kept for 30 DEG C of cold-smoothing plate temperature；Apply pressure
0.3MPa guarantees that flat plate heat is fitted closely with timber outer plate surface strengthening layer in the whole process, soaking time 15 minutes.
(4) plate is unloaded in cooling: after heat-insulation pressure keeping, flat plate heat is cooled to 40 DEG C, and timber is taken out in pressure release.
(5) moisture is modulated: in the thermostatic constant wet equipment that temperature is 40 DEG C, relative humidity is 75%, it is average to adjust timber
Moisture content is 11%, obtains environmentally friendly unilateral surface strengthening stable type timber, the unilateral surface strengthening stable type of obtained environmental protection
The structural schematic diagram of timber is as shown in Figure 2.
Slab saw is cut into 50mm × 20mm × 70mm (string × diameter × vertical), outer plate surface strengthening layer saw is cut into 20mm × 5mm
× 20mm (string × diameter × vertical), it is hard that the test specimen that inner panel surface layer saw is cut into 5mm × 20mm × 20mm (string × diameter × vertical) is used as timber
Degree, moisture content and string radial shrinkage are than measurement.Using GB/T1941-2009 " Method of testing in hardness of wood ", timber outside plate is measured
The hardness of surface strengthening layer, inner panel surface layer, as a result respectively 3050N, 1420N, timber outer plate surface strengthening layer and inner panel surface layer hardness
The ratio between be 2.15.Using GB/T 1931-2009 " Method for determination of the moisture content of wood ", inner panel surface layer, outer plate surface strengthening layer are measured
Moisture content, as a result respectively 12%, 6%, timber inner panel surface layer moisture content are 2.00 with outer plate surface strengthening layer moisture content ratio.Reference
GB/T 1932-2009 " Method for determination of the shrinkage of wood " measurement outer plate surface strengthening layer, inner panel surface layer do state to absolutely dry shape from gas
Contract with dry rate under state calculates string radial shrinkage ratio using formula (1).Okoume timber string after unilateral surface strengthening modification
Radial shrinkage ratio is 1.61.
Embodiment 4
The present embodiment carries out unilateral surface strengthening processing to rubber wood timber timber, and the rubber wood timber timber used is plain-sawed lumber, β1
It is 5 °, β2It is 60 °, for string radial shrinkage than 1.85, first moisture content is 12%, and average air-dry density is 0.62g/cm3。
According to 1 method of embodiment, the two sides of gained unilateral side surface strengthening stable type timber be respectively outer plate surface strengthening layer and
Inner panel surface layer, the ratio for measuring the Chordwise shrinkage of outer plate surface strengthening layer and the radial shrinkage rate of inner panel surface layer is 1.45；Outside plate
The hardness ratio of the hardness of surface strengthening layer and inner panel surface layer is 1.58, and the moisture content of inner panel surface layer is aqueous with outer plate surface strengthening layer
Rate ratio is 2；The moisture content of inner panel surface layer is 11%, and the moisture content of outer plate surface strengthening layer is 5.5%.
Embodiment 5
The present embodiment carries out unilateral surface strengthening processing to paulownia wood, and the paulownia wood used is plain-sawed lumber, β1For
30 °, β2It is 80 °, for string radial shrinkage than 1.85, first moisture content is 12%, and average air-dry density is 0.40g/cm3。
According to 2 method of embodiment, the two sides surface layer of gained unilateral side surface strengthening stable type timber is respectively outside plate surface strengthening
Layer and inner panel surface layer, the ratio for measuring the Chordwise shrinkage of outer plate surface strengthening layer and the radial shrinkage rate of inner panel surface layer is 1.51；
The hardness of outer plate surface strengthening layer and the hardness ratio of inner panel surface layer are 1.53, moisture content and the outer plate surface strengthening layer of inner panel surface layer
Moisture content ratio is 1.84；The moisture content of inner panel surface layer is 11.6%, and the moisture content of outer plate surface strengthening layer is 6.3%.
Embodiment 6
The present embodiment carries out unilateral surface strengthening processing to husky Billy's timber, and the husky Billy's timber used is plain-sawed lumber, β1
It is 15 °, β2It is 75 °, for string radial shrinkage than 1.86, first moisture content is 10%, and average air-dry density is 0.62g/cm3。
According to 3 method of embodiment, gained unilateral side surface strengthening stable type timber is respectively outer plate surface strengthening layer and inner plate surface
Layer, the ratio for measuring the Chordwise shrinkage of outer plate surface strengthening layer and the radial shrinkage rate of inner panel surface layer is 1.55；Outside plate surface strengthening
The hardness of layer and the hardness ratio of inner panel surface layer are 1.82, the moisture content of inner panel surface layer and the moisture content ratio of outer plate surface strengthening layer
It is 1.41；The moisture content of inner panel surface layer is 10.5%, and the moisture content of outer plate surface strengthening layer is 7.4%.
The above embodiment is a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but embodiments of the present invention are not by above-described embodiment
Limitation, it is other it is any without departing from the spirit and principles of the present invention made by change, modification, substitution, combination and simplify,
It should be equivalent substitute mode, be included within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of unilateral surface strengthening stable type timber of environmental protection, which is characterized in that the unilateral side surface strengthening stable type timber
Two sides surface layer is outer plate surface strengthening layer and inner panel surface layer, the Chordwise shrinkage and the radial direction of inner panel surface layer of the outer plate surface strengthening layer
The ratio of contract with dry rate is 1.4~1.7；The hardness of outer plate surface strengthening layer and the hardness ratio of inner panel surface layer are 1.5~2.4, inner panel
The moisture content of surface layer and the moisture content ratio of outer plate surface strengthening layer are 1.35~2.2；The moisture content of inner panel surface layer is 7~15%,
The moisture content of outer plate surface strengthening layer is 4~11%, by the outermost layer annual ring and outer plate surface strengthening layer of the outer plate surface strengthening layer
Point of intersection tangent line and outer plate surface strengthening layer formed angle β1, 0 °≤β1≤ 30 °, by the innermost layer annual ring of the inner panel surface layer
Angle β is formed with the point of intersection tangent line and inner panel surface layer of inner panel surface layer2, 60 °≤β2≤90°。
2. the unilateral surface strengthening stable type timber of environmental protection according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the outer plate surface is strong
Change layer with a thickness of 2~8mm, the inner panel surface layer with a thickness of 2~8mm.
3. the preparation method of the unilateral surface strengthening stable type timber of environmental protection according to claim 1 or 2, which is characterized in that
Comprising the following specific steps
S1. timber is placed on 15~50 DEG C of cold-smoothing plate, is closed press, outside plate surface layer connects with 120~200 DEG C of flat plate heat
Touching, for press in 10~240 seconds by wood compression to target thickness, decrement is 2~8mm, and outer plate surface strengthening layer is made；
S2. the temperature of flat plate heat rises to 180~240 DEG C, 15~50 DEG C of cold-smoothing plate temperature；Apply 0.1~0.5MPa of pressure, whole
Flat plate heat and outer plate surface strengthening layer fit closely and keep the temperature 5~30min during a；
S3. to heat-insulation pressure keeping after, flat plate heat is cooled to 15~50 DEG C, timber is taken out in pressure release；It is 40~50 DEG C in temperature
Under conditions of being 60%~85% with relative humidity, the average moisture content of outer plate surface strengthening layer and inner panel surface layer is adjusted, is obtained
Environmentally friendly unilateral side surface strengthening stable type timber.
4. the unilateral surface strengthening stable type timber of environmental protection according to claim 3, which is characterized in that described in step S1
Timber is poplar, rubber wood timber, paulownia, husky Billy or Okoume.
5. the preparation method of the unilateral surface strengthening stable type timber of environmental protection according to claim 3, which is characterized in that step
The temperature of flat plate heat described in S1 is 130~180 DEG C；The temperature of cold-smoothing plate is 20~40 DEG C.
6. the preparation method of the unilateral surface strengthening stable type timber of environmental protection according to claim 3, which is characterized in that step
Timber described in S1 be outside plate surface layer Chordwise shrinkage and inner panel surface layer radial shrinkage rate ratio be more than 1.8 wood
Material, the air-dry density of the timber are 0.40~0.62g/cm3, the initial aqueous rate of the timber is 7~15%.
7. the preparation method of the unilateral surface strengthening stable type timber of environmental protection according to claim 3, which is characterized in that step
Decrement described in S1 is 4~6mm.
8. the preparation method of the unilateral surface strengthening stable type timber of environmental protection according to claim 3, which is characterized in that step
The average moisture content of unilateral surface strengthening stable type timber described in S3 is 7~15%；The moisture content 7~15% of inner plate surface；
The moisture content of outer plate surface strengthening layer is 4~11%.
9. the preparation method of the unilateral surface strengthening stable type timber of environmental protection according to claim 8, the unilateral surface layer
The average moisture content for strengthening stable type timber is 9~12%；The moisture content of inner plate surface is 9~12%；Outer plate surface strengthening layer contains
Water rate is 6~9%.
10. application of the unilateral surface strengthening stable type timber of environmental protection of any of claims 1 or 2 in woodwork field.
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