CN110153948B - Novel tolerance automatic adjustment device - Google Patents
Novel tolerance automatic adjustment device Download PDFInfo
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- CN110153948B CN110153948B CN201910404350.7A CN201910404350A CN110153948B CN 110153948 B CN110153948 B CN 110153948B CN 201910404350 A CN201910404350 A CN 201910404350A CN 110153948 B CN110153948 B CN 110153948B
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
- B25B—TOOLS OR BENCH DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, FOR FASTENING, CONNECTING, DISENGAGING OR HOLDING
- B25B27/00—Hand tools, specially adapted for fitting together or separating parts or objects whether or not involving some deformation, not otherwise provided for
- B25B27/14—Hand tools, specially adapted for fitting together or separating parts or objects whether or not involving some deformation, not otherwise provided for for assembling objects other than by press fit or detaching same
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
- B25B—TOOLS OR BENCH DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, FOR FASTENING, CONNECTING, DISENGAGING OR HOLDING
- B25B29/00—Accessories
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Abstract
The invention provides a novel automatic tolerance adjusting device, which comprises an upper shell, a positioning stud, a locking gasket, a star-shaped sheet and an adjusting nut, wherein the upper shell is provided with a plurality of locking bolts; the upper end and the lower end of the positioning stud are respectively connected and fixed with the upper shell and the adjusting nut through threads, and the locking gasket is arranged in the first inner cavity of the upper shell and moves freely in the shaft hole gap; the outer wall of the star-shaped sheet is provided with a pusher dog, the star-shaped sheet is arranged in the second inner cavity of the positioning stud and moves freely in the star-shaped hole, and the pusher dog pulls the star-shaped boss of the adjusting nut and drives the adjusting nut to rotate. The invention fully utilizes the kinetic energy of rotation and advance of the bolt, can automatically and rigidly support and eliminate tolerance accumulation, realizes quick and effective accurate positioning and assembly, solves the defects of more procedures, high cost, high operation technical difficulty and low working efficiency in the prior art, and simultaneously has fixed rigidity of the whole structure, thereby being suitable for application under special conditions with higher strength.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of tolerance adjusting devices, in particular to a novel automatic tolerance adjusting device.
Background
With the rapid development of the automobile industry, the requirements for assembling parts are higher and higher, and in the assembling process of 3 or more parts, the assembly positioning and the final matching effect cannot meet the requirements due to the accumulation of manufacturing and assembling tolerances. The current solution is: 1. manufacturing tolerances are reduced, but this leads to a dramatic increase in cost, and also the cumulative tolerances cannot be effectively eliminated to achieve positioning and matching expectations; 2. the adjusting nut is adopted, but manual adjustment is adopted in the assembly process, so that the requirement on the experience capability of operators is extremely high, and meanwhile, the working efficiency is greatly reduced.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a novel automatic tolerance adjusting device which fully utilizes the kinetic energy of rotation and advancing of a bolt, can automatically and rigidly support and eliminate tolerance accumulation, realizes quick and effective accurate positioning and assembly, solves the defects of more procedures, high cost, high operation technical difficulty and low working efficiency in the prior art, and is suitable for application in special conditions with higher strength because of rigid fixation of the whole structure.
According to one aspect of the invention, a novel automatic tolerance adjustment device is provided, comprising an upper shell (1), a positioning stud (2) and a locking gasket (3); the upper shell (1) is of a hollow cavity structure, and the inner cavity of the upper shell is divided into a mounting hole (13) and a first inner cavity (14) through a baffle plate (16); one end of the positioning stud (2) is provided with a first boss (26) matched with the first inner cavity (14), and the first boss (26) is inserted into the first inner cavity (14) and forms a shaft hole gap with the baffle plate (16); the locking gasket (3) is arranged in the first inner cavity (14) and moves freely in the shaft hole gap; the positioning device is characterized by further comprising a star-shaped sheet (4) and an adjusting nut (5), wherein the upper end and the lower end of the positioning stud (2) are respectively connected and fixed with the upper shell (1) and the adjusting nut (5) through threads, and a second inner cavity (25) is formed in the other end of the positioning stud (2); the top of the adjusting nut (5) is provided with a star-shaped boss (53) matched with the second inner cavity (25), and the star-shaped boss (53) is inserted into the second inner cavity (25) to form a star-shaped hole; the outer wall of the star-shaped sheet (4) is provided with a pusher dog (42), the star-shaped sheet (4) is arranged in the second inner cavity (25) and moves freely in the star-shaped hole, and the pusher dog (42) pushes the star-shaped boss (53) to drive the adjusting nut (5) to rotate. The locking gasket (3) is limited and restrained by the end face of the first boss (26) and the baffle plate (18) of the upper shell (1) and moves freely in a plane perpendicular to the axial direction of the positioning stud (2), and free adjustment of tolerance in the X direction and the Y direction of the plane (the plane perpendicular to the positioning stud) where the end face of the positioning stud is located is automatically eliminated. The star-shaped lug boss is adjusted by poking the poking claw on the star-shaped lug boss by utilizing the rotating torque of the bolt in the assembly process to drive the adjusting nut to rotate, and the rigid support eliminates tolerance accumulation of the fixed mechanism along the Z direction of the axial advancing direction of the bolt in the installation process.
Preferably, a first inner hole (41) is formed in the star-shaped sheet (4), a flange (44) is arranged on one end face of the star-shaped sheet (4), and a plurality of elastic sheets (43) of the fastening bolts (6) are arranged on the inner wall of the star-shaped sheet (4). When the assembly bolt (6) is screwed down, the elastic piece (43) can clamp (hug) the bolt (6), so that the star-shaped piece (4) can rotate under the drive of the rotation torque force of the bolt (6), and the hug force can be designed according to actual requirements by designing different elastic piece sizes so as to meet the premise that the pusher dog drives the adjusting nut to rotate; the design of the elastic sheet (43) reduces the loss rate of the star-shaped sheet caused by screwing with a bolt during disassembly and assembly, and ensures that the star-shaped sheet can be reused for a plurality of times; the elastic sheet (43) is a positive rotation elastic sheet (namely, the elastic sheet is 1 arc-shaped elastic sheet arranged on the inner wall of the star-shaped sheet to form a clockwise positive rotation elastic sheet), a U-shaped elastic sheet (namely, the elastic sheet is 2 independent arc-shaped elastic sheets arranged on the inner wall of the star-shaped sheet to form a U-shaped elastic sheet) or an improved convex baffle sheet. The diameter of the first inner hole (41) is smaller than the outer diameter of the bolt (6), so that friction between the star-shaped sheet (4) and the bolt (6) is increased, and the bolt (6) can drive the adjusting nut (5) to rotate. The flange (44) ensures that the star-shaped sheet (4) has a stable stress state, when the star-shaped sheet (4) is pressed and screwed in by the bolt (6), the pusher dog (42) is limited to move in the groove (56), the flange (44) is supported by the limiting boss (55), the arrangement of the flange ensures that the end face of the star-shaped sheet (4) and the bolt (6) form a 90-degree working right angle, the bolt (6) is ensured to be screwed in a correct position, and the elastic sheet (43) can stably clamp (hold) the bolt (6).
Preferably, the locking gasket (3) is provided with a second inner hole (31), and the end surface of the locking gasket (3) is provided with radial ribs (32). Radial ribs (32) on the end face of the locking gasket (3) enable the locking gasket (3) to have enough friction force at any position of the end face of the first boss (26) of the positioning stud (2) so as to lock the positioning stud (2), and can effectively prevent the locking gasket from moving under the conditions of vibration and gravity. The radial convex lines of the locking gaskets and the end faces of the positioning stud bosses have strong friction force, so that the positions can be effectively locked, and the problem that grid lines and straight lines are easy to deviate is solved.
Preferably, the positioning stud (2) and the star-shaped sheet (4) are made of nylon 6, nylon 66 or POM, the locking gasket (3) is made of manganese steel or stainless steel, the hardness of the positioning stud (2) is lower than that of the locking gasket (3), and the adjusting nut (5) is made of glass fiber reinforced nylon 6, glass fiber reinforced nylon 66 or glass fiber reinforced POM composite materials. The star-shaped sheet needs to have certain strength and toughness, and the holding force of the star-shaped sheet and the bolt can be increased or reduced by setting different thicknesses and inner hole sizes, so that the requirement that the bolt drives the adjusting nut to rotate is met. The locking gasket is made of elastic steel, and the material can be manganese steel series steel (65 Mn or 60Si2 Mn) or stainless steel series steel (SU 304) which is subjected to heat treatment and has certain hardness and elasticity, and the locking gasket is subjected to hardening treatment, so that after assembly, the locking gasket is uniformly assembled, the relatively uniform deformation force is achieved, the material strength requirement is reduced, meanwhile, small lateral force is ensured, and the assembly precision is ensured. The positioning stud needs to have rigidity and toughness, so that radial ribs on the locking gasket can be embedded into the end face of the positioning stud, and friction force between the locking gasket and the positioning stud during friction locking is increased. The adjusting nut is made of glass fiber reinforced nylon 6, glass fiber reinforced nylon 66 or glass fiber reinforced POM composite materials, so that the strength of the adjusting nut can be increased, the friction between the adjusting nut and a fixed mechanism is improved, the adjusting nut is fixed more firmly with the fixed mechanism, and the adjusting nut is not easy to loosen.
Preferably, a first protruding outer edge (51) is arranged at the bottom of the adjusting nut (5), and an anti-skid radial stripe (57) is arranged on the bottom end surface of the first protruding outer edge (51); the end face of the star-shaped boss (53) is provided with limit bosses (55) and grooves (56) which are alternately arranged; the inner wall of the star-shaped boss (53) is provided with a third inner cavity (54), and the outer wall of the star-shaped boss (53) is provided with a first thread (52). During assembly, the bolt (6) penetrates through the star-shaped sheet (4) from the third inner cavity (54), the flange (44) of the star-shaped sheet (4) is supported by the limiting boss (55), the end face of the star-shaped sheet (4) is stabilized to form a 90-degree working right angle with the bolt (6), the pusher dog (42) of the star-shaped sheet (4) freely moves in the groove (56), and the limitation of the limiting boss (55) is realized. When the bolt (6) is screwed down, the elastic piece (43) of the star-shaped piece (4) can clamp (hug) the bolt (6), so that the star-shaped piece (4) is driven to rotate by the rotation torque of the bolt (6); the pusher dog (42) of the star-shaped sheet (4) moves in the groove (56), when touching the limited position boss (55), the pusher dog can stir the star-shaped boss (53) to drive the adjusting nut (5) to advance along the rotation direction of the screw thread, and when the adjusting nut (5) touches the metal plate, the adjusting nut (5) is stopped rotating and is pressed by torsion; when the torsion exceeds the holding force of the elastic piece (43) and the bolt (6), the bolt (6) ejects the elastic piece (43) to continue to advance until the bolt (6) is screwed with the nut, and finally, tolerance adjustment along the axial direction of the bolt (6) is realized. The compression force of the bolt enables the anti-slip radial stripes (57) on the back of the adjusting nut to form screw prestress anti-loosening connection (namely friction force) with the metal plate, and the friction force of the friction force and the fine threads on the adjusting nut can reasonably prevent the loosening of the adjusting nut caused by temperature difference deformation or vibration.
Preferably, a second thread (15) is arranged on the inner wall of the first inner cavity (14), a plurality of thread stop grooves (12) are arranged on the outer wall of the opening end of the first inner cavity (14), and a second protruding outer edge (11) is arranged at the opening end of the mounting hole (13).
Preferably, a fourth inner cavity (28) is arranged in the first boss (26), a third thread (21) matched with the second thread (15) is arranged on the outer wall of the first boss (26), and a fourth thread (27) matched with the first thread (52) is arranged on the inner wall of the second inner cavity (25).
Preferably, the outer diameter D 1 of the locking washer (3) is smaller than the diameter D 2 of the first inner cavity (14), i.e. D 1<D2, and larger than the diameter D 3 of the mounting hole (13) and the diameter D 4 of the fourth inner cavity (28), i.e. D 1>D3,D1>D4, and the diameter D 5 of the second inner hole (31) is smaller than the diameter D 6 of the fourth inner cavity (28), i.e. D 5<D6.
Preferably, the height L 1 of the first boss (26) is smaller than the depth L 2 of the first inner cavity (14), and the thickness L 3 of the locking gasket (3) meets the following conditions: l 3<(L2-L1). So that the locking washer (3) can move freely along the plane perpendicular to the axial direction of the positioning stud (2).
Preferably, a stop card (23) and a positioning tensioning piece (24) are arranged on the wall body of the positioning stud (2), the stop card (23) and the positioning tensioning piece (24) are alternately arranged on the outer ring of the first boss (26), a groove (29) for accommodating the wall body of the upper shell (1) is arranged between the stop card and the first boss (26), and a stop groove (22) is formed in the surface of the groove (29). The first thread (15) of the upper shell is stopped at a stop groove (22) of the positioning stud (2) and is doubly locked with the small thread inclination angle to prevent loosening. The structure of the stop card (23) and the positioning tension sheet (24) has an elastic function, and the device can rapidly complete the center adjustment and the coaxial positioning of the device and the connecting mechanism by utilizing the stop card (23) and the positioning tension sheet (24). When the door handle is installed, the upper shell (1) and the stop card (23) are clamped in the installation groove (such as a door handle base groove) of the fixed mechanism, and the positioning tension sheet (24) is clamped in the installation groove of the fixed mechanism, so that the rotation of the positioning stud is limited by using the outward-stretching elasticity of the positioning tension sheet.
Preferably, the upper shell (1) and the positioning stud (2) are of an integrated structure.
The working principle of the invention is as follows:
(1) The star-shaped lug boss is driven to rotate by a poking claw on the star-shaped lug boss to drive an adjusting nut to rotate by mainly utilizing the rotation torque of a bolt in assembly, and the rigid support eliminates tolerance accumulation of a fixed mechanism along the Z direction of the axial advancing direction of the bolt in the installation process (the existing tolerance adjustment device does not adjust the Z tolerance or carries out rigid adjustment in a complex and inefficient mode);
(2) The locking gasket is utilized to freely move in the shaft hole gap to realize the free adjustment of the tolerance of the X direction and the Y direction of the plane vertical to the positioning stud; in the installation process, the acting force is guided when the bolt rotates into the nut, and the locking gasket is driven to move to a required position in the axial hole gap towards the direction X, Y; the pressure of the bolt tightly presses the locking gasket, and the friction locking gasket is generated at the XY point position of the shaft hole gap, so that the tolerance adjustment of the X direction and the Y direction of the plane vertical to the positioning stud is automatically realized;
(3) The radial convex lines on the end surface of the locking gasket are utilized to ensure that the locking gasket has enough friction force at any position of the end surface of the boss of the positioning stud so as to lock the positioning stud, and the locking gasket can be effectively prevented from moving under the conditions of vibration and gravity (the grid lines and the straight lines are easy to deviate); namely:
a) The locking gasket can freely move in the X direction and the Y direction, and the locking gasket is driven to move to a position X, Y to be reached along with the bolt in the process of screwing the bolt into the nut during installation;
b) When the bolt selects to lock the positioning stud, the torsion of the bolt presses the locking gasket, the area of the radial convex line is small, the pressure intensity is high, the friction force between the radial convex line and the positioning stud can be enhanced, and the locking gasket locks the positioning stud;
c) If straight lines are adopted, when the direction of the straight lines is consistent with the gravity direction, the sliding risk of the part exists; if the grid patterns are adopted, the texture area causes small pressure intensity and poor locking effect;
d) Because the hardness of the locking gasket and the hardness of the positioning stud are different, the radial protruding lines on the locking gasket can be embedded into the end face of the boss of the positioning stud so as to increase the friction force between the locking gasket and the positioning stud when the friction force is locked, and meanwhile, the radial protruding lines can effectively resist the force generated by long-time temperature difference change and vibration, so that the locking gasket and the positioning stud are prevented from being subjected to position deviation, and the tolerance of X direction and Y direction in the use process is avoided.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) The novel automatic tolerance adjusting device can rapidly complete the center adjustment and the coaxial positioning of the device and the connecting mechanism by utilizing the stop card and the positioning tensioning sheet; the star-shaped sheet is driven to rotate by utilizing the rotation torque of the bolt in assembly, so that the poking claw on the star-shaped sheet pokes the adjusting star-shaped boss to drive the adjusting nut to rotate, and the tolerance adjustment in the Z direction coaxial with the positioning stud is realized; the locking gasket is utilized to freely move in the shaft hole gap to realize the free adjustment of the tolerance of the X direction and the Y direction of a plane vertical to the positioning stud, thereby realizing the tolerance adjustment of the X/Y/Z directions; the radial convex lines of the locking gaskets and the friction force of the end faces of the positioning stud bosses are used for locking the positions, and locking of the adjusting positions is achieved after the locking is achieved;
(2) The novel automatic tolerance adjusting device fully utilizes the kinetic energy of rotation and advancing of the bolt, can automatically and rigidly support and eliminate tolerance accumulation, can directly and automatically eliminate tolerance accumulation in three directions of X/Y/Z at one time directly in the screwing process of the bolt, realizes quick and effective accurate positioning and assembly, and overcomes the defects of more working procedures, high cost, high operation technical difficulty and low working efficiency in the prior art (the traditional mode can only independently adjust one tolerance or needs to adjust axial tolerance by a plurality of working procedures);
(3) The novel automatic tolerance adjusting device mainly utilizes the elastic positioning principle, the friction locking principle and the plastic deformation principle to adjust the tolerance adjustment of two dimensions of a plane; utilizing the change of the height of the screw thread rotation, the rigid support eliminates the tolerance accumulation in the axial direction;
(4) The novel automatic tolerance adjusting device has wide application range, can realize the purposes of quick assembly and quick adjustment under complex and limited installation environments such as automobiles, aviation, household appliances, ships, doors and the like, has high positioning strength and accurate positioning, greatly improves the working efficiency, reduces the production cost and the quality cost, and is suitable for special cases with higher strength because the whole structure is rigidly supported and fixed;
(5) The novel automatic tolerance adjusting device can transfer tolerance adjusting work in a complex space to realize adjusting work in the part development and processing process through the prior intervention, can perform directional development of serial modularized products, and realize flexible automatic processing in batches, thereby meeting the requirement of customer diversity, greatly improving the development speed and reducing the project development cost;
(6) The novel tolerance automatic adjusting device has the advantages that the radial convex patterns and the characteristics of soft and hard matching of materials effectively prevent temperature difference change and displacement deviation caused by vibration, and the service life of the device is prolonged;
(7) According to the novel tolerance automatic adjusting device, the loss rate of the star-shaped sheet caused by screwing with the bolt during disassembly and assembly is reduced due to the design of the elastic sheet in the star-shaped sheet, so that the star-shaped sheet can be reused for a plurality of times;
(8) The novel automatic tolerance adjusting device has the advantages of simple structure, ingenious design and remarkable effect;
(9) The novel automatic tolerance adjusting device is easy to process and assemble, high in positioning accuracy, low in cost, high in practicality and suitable for large-scale popularization.
Drawings
Other features, objects and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent upon reading of the detailed description of non-limiting embodiments, given with reference to the accompanying drawings in which:
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a novel tolerance automatic adjustment device;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of the upper case;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a positioning stud;
FIG. 4 is a second schematic diagram of a positioning stud;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the structure of the locking washer;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the structure of a star-shaped sheet;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of a first construction of an adjustment nut;
FIG. 8 is a second schematic structural view of the adjusting nut;
Fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of the connection of the novel automatic tolerance adjusting device and the connecting mechanism.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail with reference to specific examples. The following examples will assist those skilled in the art in further understanding the present invention, but are not intended to limit the invention in any way. It should be noted that variations and modifications could be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the inventive concept. These are all within the scope of the present invention.
Examples
The embodiment provides a novel automatic tolerance adjusting device, the structure of which is shown in the accompanying drawings 1-8 in detail: comprises an upper shell 1, a positioning stud 2 and a locking gasket 3; the upper shell 1 is of a hollow cavity structure, and the inner cavity of the upper shell is divided into a mounting hole 13 and a first inner cavity 14 through a baffle 16; one end of the positioning stud 2 is provided with a first boss 26 matched with the first inner cavity 14, and the first boss 26 is inserted into the first inner cavity 14 and forms a shaft hole gap with the baffle 16; the locking gasket 3 is arranged in the first inner cavity 14 and moves freely in the shaft hole gap; the positioning stud 2 is fixedly connected with the upper shell 1 and the adjusting nut 5 through threads, and a second inner cavity 25 is formed in the other end of the positioning stud 2; the top of the adjusting nut 5 is provided with a star-shaped boss 53 matched with the second inner cavity 25, and the star-shaped boss 53 is inserted into the second inner cavity 25 to form a star-shaped hole; the outer wall of the star-shaped sheet 4 is provided with a pusher dog 42, the star-shaped sheet 4 is arranged in the second inner cavity 25 and moves freely in the star-shaped hole, and the pusher dog 42 pulls the adjusting star-shaped boss 53 to drive the adjusting nut 5 to rotate. The locking gasket 3 is limited and restrained by the end face of the first boss 26 and the baffle plate 18 of the upper shell 1, and moves freely in a plane vertical to the axial direction of the positioning stud 2, so that the free adjustment of the tolerance of the X direction and the Y direction of the plane of the end face of the positioning stud and the plane vertical to the positioning stud is automatically eliminated. The star-shaped lug boss is adjusted by poking the poking claw on the star-shaped lug boss by utilizing the rotating torque of the bolt in the assembly process to drive the adjusting nut to rotate, and the rigid support eliminates tolerance accumulation of the fixed mechanism along the Z direction of the axial advancing direction of the bolt in the installation process.
Further, a first inner hole 41 is provided in the star-shaped piece 4, a flange 44 is provided at one end surface of the star-shaped piece 4, and an elastic piece 43 of the fastening bolt 6 is provided on the inner wall of the star-shaped piece 4. When the assembly bolt 6 is screwed down, the elastic piece 43 can clamp (hug) the bolt 6, so that the star-shaped piece 4 can rotate under the drive of the rotation torque force of the bolt 6, and the hug force can be designed according to actual requirements by designing different elastic piece sizes so as to meet the premise that the pusher dog drives the adjusting nut to rotate; the design of the elastic sheet 43 reduces the loss rate of the star-shaped sheet caused by screwing with a bolt during disassembly and assembly, so that the star-shaped sheet can be reused for a plurality of times; the elastic sheet 43 is a positive rotation elastic sheet (i.e., the elastic sheet is 1 arc-shaped elastic sheet arranged on the inner wall of the star-shaped sheet to form a clockwise positive rotation elastic sheet as shown in fig. 6), a U-shaped elastic sheet (i.e., the elastic sheet is 2 independent arc-shaped elastic sheets arranged on the inner wall of the star-shaped sheet to form a U-shaped elastic sheet), or an improved convex baffle. The diameter of the first inner hole 41 is smaller than the outer diameter of the bolt 6, so that the friction force between the star-shaped sheet 4 and the bolt 6 is increased, and the bolt 6 can drive the adjusting nut 5 to rotate. The flange 44 ensures that the star-shaped sheet 4 has a stable stress state, when the star-shaped sheet 4 is pressed and screwed by the bolt 6, the pusher dog 42 is limited to move in the groove 56, the flange 44 is supported by the limiting boss 55, the arrangement of the flange ensures that the end face of the star-shaped sheet 4 and the bolt 6 form a 90-degree working right angle, the bolt 6 is ensured to be screwed in at the correct position, and the elastic sheet 43 can stably clamp (hug) the bolt 6.
Further, the locking washer 3 is provided with a second inner hole 31, and the end surface of the locking washer 3 is provided with radial ribs 32. The radial ribs 32 on the end surface of the locking washer 3 enable the locking washer 3 to have enough friction force at any position of the end surface of the first boss 26 of the positioning stud 2 to lock the positioning stud 2, and can effectively prevent the locking washer from moving under the conditions of vibration and gravity. The radial convex lines of the locking gaskets and the end faces of the positioning stud bosses have strong friction force, so that the positions can be effectively locked, and the problem that grid lines and straight lines are easy to deviate is solved.
Furthermore, the positioning stud 2 and the star-shaped sheet 4 are both made of nylon 6, nylon 66 or POM, the locking gasket 3 is made of manganese steel or stainless steel, the hardness of the positioning stud 2 is lower than that of the locking gasket 3, and the adjusting nut 5 is made of glass fiber reinforced nylon 6, glass fiber reinforced nylon 66 or glass fiber reinforced POM composite materials. The star-shaped sheet needs to have certain strength and toughness, and the holding force of the star-shaped sheet and the bolt can be increased or reduced by setting different thicknesses and inner hole sizes, so that the requirement that the bolt drives the adjusting nut to rotate is met. The locking gasket is made of elastic steel, and the material can be manganese steel series steel (65 Mn or 60Si2 Mn) or stainless steel series steel (SU 304) which is subjected to heat treatment and has certain hardness and elasticity, and the locking gasket is subjected to hardening treatment, so that after assembly, the locking gasket is uniformly assembled, the relatively uniform deformation force is achieved, the material strength requirement is reduced, meanwhile, smaller lateral force is ensured, and the assembly precision is ensured. The positioning stud needs to have rigidity and toughness, so that radial ribs on the locking gasket can be embedded into the end face of the positioning stud, and friction force between the locking gasket and the positioning stud during friction locking is increased. The adjusting nut is made of glass fiber reinforced nylon 6, nylon 66 or POM, so that the strength of the adjusting nut can be increased, the friction force between the adjusting nut and the fixed mechanism is improved, the adjusting nut and the fixed mechanism are fixed more firmly, and the adjusting nut is not easy to loosen.
Further, a first protruding outer edge 51 is arranged at the bottom of the adjusting nut 5, and an anti-skid radial stripe 57 is arranged on the bottom end surface of the first protruding outer edge 51; the end face of the star-shaped boss 53 is provided with a limit boss 55 and a groove 56 which are arranged alternately; the third inner cavity 54 is arranged in the star-shaped boss 53, and the first thread 52 is arranged on the outer wall of the star-shaped boss 53. When assembled, the bolt 6 passes through the third inner cavity 54; the flange 44 of the star 4 is supported by the limiting boss 55, stabilizes the end face of the star 4 at a working right angle of 90 ° to the snap bolt 6, and the finger 42 of the star 4 moves freely in the groove 56 and is limited by the limiting boss 55. When the bolt 6 is screwed down, the elastic piece 43 of the star-shaped piece 4 can clamp the holding bolt 6, so that the star-shaped piece 4 is driven to rotate by the rotation torque force of the bolt 6; the pusher dog 42 of the star-shaped sheet 4 moves in the groove 56, when touching the limited boss 55, the pusher dog 53 is stirred to drive the adjusting nut 5 to advance along the rotation direction of the screw thread, and when the adjusting nut 5 touches the metal plate, the adjusting nut 5 is blocked to stop rotating and is pressed by torsion; when the torsion exceeds the holding force of the elastic piece 43 and the bolt 6, the bolt 6 bounces off the elastic piece 43 and continues to advance until the bolt 6 is screwed with the nut, and finally, tolerance adjustment along the axial direction of the bolt 6 is realized. The compression force of the bolt enables the screw thread prestress anti-loosening connection (namely friction force) to be formed between the anti-skid radial stripes 57 on the back of the adjusting nut and the metal plate, and the friction force of the friction force and the fine thread on the adjusting nut can reasonably prevent the loosening of the adjusting nut caused by temperature difference deformation or vibration.
Further, a second thread 15 is provided on the inner wall of the first inner cavity 14, a plurality of thread stop grooves 12 are provided on the outer wall of the opening end of the first inner cavity 14, and a second protruding outer edge 11 is provided on the opening end of the mounting hole 13.
Further, a fourth inner cavity 28 is provided in the first boss 26, a third thread 21 matched with the second thread 15 is provided on the outer wall of the first boss 26, and a fourth thread 27 matched with the first thread 52 is provided on the inner wall of the second inner cavity 25.
Further, the outer diameter D 1 of the locking washer 3 is smaller than the diameter D 2 of the first inner cavity (14), i.e., D 1<D2, and larger than the diameter D 3 of the mounting hole 13 and the diameter D 4 of the fourth inner cavity 28, i.e., D 1>D3,D1>D4, and the diameter D 5 of the second inner hole 31 is smaller than the diameter D 6 of the fourth inner cavity 28, i.e., D 5<D6.
Further, the height L 1 of the first boss 26 is smaller than the depth L 2 of the first inner cavity 14, and the thickness L 3 of the locking spacer 3 satisfies the following conditions: l 3<L2-L1. So that the locking washer 3 can move freely in a plane perpendicular to the axial direction of the positioning stud 2.
Further, a stop card 23 and a positioning tensioning piece 24 are arranged on the wall body of the positioning stud 2, the stop card 23 and the positioning tensioning piece 24 are alternately arranged on the outer ring of the first boss 26, a groove 29 for accommodating the wall body of the upper shell 1 is arranged between the stop card and the first boss 26, and a stop groove 22 is formed in the surface of the groove 29. The first thread 15 of the upper shell is stopped in the stopping groove 22 of the positioning stud 2 and is double-locked with the small thread inclination angle to prevent loosening. The structure of the stop card 23 and the positioning tension sheet 24 has an elastic function, and the device can rapidly complete the center adjustment and the coaxial positioning of the device and the connecting mechanism by utilizing the stop card 23 and the positioning tension sheet 24. When the fixing device is installed, the upper shell 1 and the stop card 23 are clamped in the installation groove (such as a door handle base groove) of the fixed mechanism, and the positioning tension sheet 24 is clamped in the installation groove of the fixed mechanism, so that the rotation of the positioning stud is limited by the outward elasticity of the positioning tension sheet.
Further, the upper shell 1 and the positioning stud 2 are of an integrated structure.
The working principle of the invention is as follows:
(1) The star-shaped lug boss is driven to rotate by a poking claw on the star-shaped lug boss to drive an adjusting nut to rotate by mainly utilizing the rotation torque of a bolt in assembly, and the rigid support eliminates tolerance accumulation of a fixed mechanism along the Z direction of the axial advancing direction of the bolt in the installation process (the existing tolerance adjustment device does not adjust the Z tolerance or carries out rigid adjustment in a complex and inefficient mode);
(2) The locking gasket is utilized to freely move in the shaft hole gap to realize the free adjustment of the tolerance of the X direction and the Y direction of the plane vertical to the positioning stud; in the installation process, the acting force is guided when the bolt rotates into the nut, and the locking gasket is driven to move to a required position in the axial hole gap towards the direction X, Y; the pressure of the bolt tightly presses the locking gasket, and the friction locking gasket is generated at the XY point position of the shaft hole gap, so that the tolerance adjustment of the X direction and the Y direction of the plane vertical to the positioning stud is automatically realized;
(3) The radial convex lines on the end surface of the locking gasket are utilized to ensure that the locking gasket has enough friction force at any position of the end surface of the boss of the positioning stud so as to lock the positioning stud, and the locking gasket can be effectively prevented from moving under the conditions of vibration and gravity (the grid lines and the straight lines are easy to deviate); namely:
a) The locking gasket can freely move in the X direction and the Y direction, and the locking gasket is driven to move to a position X, Y to be reached along with the bolt in the process of screwing the bolt into the nut during installation;
b) When the bolt selects to lock the positioning stud, the torsion of the bolt presses the locking gasket, the area of the radial convex line is small, the pressure intensity is high, the friction force between the radial convex line and the positioning stud can be enhanced, and the locking gasket locks the positioning stud;
c) If straight lines are adopted, when the direction of the straight lines is consistent with the gravity direction, the sliding risk of the part exists; if the grid patterns are adopted, the texture area causes small pressure intensity and poor locking effect;
d) Because the hardness of the locking gasket and the hardness of the positioning stud are different, the radial convex patterns on the locking gasket can be embedded into the end face of the boss of the positioning stud so as to increase the friction force between the locking gasket and the positioning stud when the friction force is locked, and meanwhile, the radial convex patterns can effectively resist the force generated by long-time temperature difference change and vibration, so that the locking gasket and the positioning stud are prevented from being subjected to position deviation, and the tolerance of X direction and Y direction in the use process is avoided.
The novel automatic tolerance adjusting device and the fixed mechanism are installed and adjusted as follows, taking the installation of a handle and a door plate as an example, and the schematic diagram is shown in the accompanying figure 9:
step one, the first thread 15 of the upper shell is locked in the stop groove 22 of the positioning stud 2 (the upper shell and the positioning stud are assembled when the tolerance automatic adjusting device leaves the factory); during assembly, the positioning stud 2 passes through the mounting hole of the handle base 9, the stop card 23 is buckled in the mounting hole to prop against the bottom surface of the handle base 9 and clamp the handle base 9 with the upper shell, and meanwhile, the positioning tension sheet 24 of the positioning stud 2 is sprung and buckled in the mounting hole of the handle base 9 to limit the rotation of the positioning nut 2 and position the mounting center of the handle base 9;
Step two, when the handle base 9 is assembled with the door plate, a gap is preset between the handle base 9 and the sheet metal 8 in the door plate, the installation matching device 92 of the handle base 9 is pushed into and scheduled to be positioned in the installation hole of the sheet metal 10 outside the door plate, then the bolt 6 sequentially passes through the installation hole 13 of the upper shell 1, the second inner hole 31 of the locking gasket 3, the fourth inner hole 28 of the positioning stud 2, the first inner hole 41 of the star-shaped sheet 4, the third inner hole 54 of the adjusting nut 5 and the installation hole of the sheet metal 8 in the door plate, and then the installation nut 7 is adopted for locking;
step three, when the bolt 6 is screwed down, the flange 44 of the star-shaped sheet 4 is supported by the limiting boss 55, the end face of the star-shaped sheet 4 is stabilized to form a 90-degree working right angle with the bolt 6, the elastic sheet 43 clamps the bolt 6, the pusher dog 42 moves in the groove 56 of the adjusting nut 5, and when the pusher dog touches the limited boss 55, the star-shaped boss 53 is stirred, so that the star-shaped sheet 4 is driven to rotate by the rotating torque of the bolt 6, and the adjusting nut 5 is driven to advance along the rotating direction of the screw thread; when the adjusting nut 5 touches the sheet metal 8 in the door panel, the adjusting nut 5 is blocked to stop rotating and is compressed by torsion;
And step four, when the torsion exceeds the holding force of the elastic piece 43 and the bolt 6, the bolt 6 bounces off the elastic piece 43 and continues to advance until the bolt 6 is screwed with the nut 7, and finally, the tolerance adjustment along the axial direction of the bolt 6 is realized. The compression force of the bolt 6 enables the anti-slip radial stripe 57 on the back of the adjusting nut 5 to form thread prestress anti-loosening connection (namely friction force) with the sheet metal 8 in the door plate, and the friction force of the friction force and fine threads on the adjusting nut can reasonably prevent loosening of the adjusting nut caused by temperature difference deformation or vibration.
An elastic body 91 is arranged at the joint of the handle base 9 and the sheet metal 10 outside the door panel, and the elastic body 91 is elastic foam, sealant or other elastic objects, and has the functions of sealing and shock absorption.
The locking gasket 3 can freely move in the axial hole gap formed by the end surface of the first boss 26 of the positioning stud 2 and the baffle 16 of the upper shell 1 in the locking process, so that two axial tolerances (X direction and Y direction of a plane perpendicular to the positioning stud, namely front and back left and right directions of the axial hole gap) of the plane where the end surface of the positioning stud 2 is located are automatically eliminated until the radial convex patterns 32 of the locking gasket 3 press the end surface of the first boss 26 of the positioning stud 2, and the friction force limits the forced movement of the locking gasket 3 on the end surface of the first boss 26 of the positioning stud 2; a gap is preset between the handle base 9 and the sheet metal 8 in the door plate, and in the process of locking the bolt 6, the adjusting nut 5 presses the handle base 9 to automatically position and tightly match with the sheet metal 8 in the door plate, so that tolerance accumulation elimination in the coaxial direction of the positioning stud (the axial Z direction, namely the up-down direction along the axial direction of the positioning stud) is completed. Thereby eventually achieving three-way tolerance stack-up elimination.
The foregoing describes specific embodiments of the present invention. It is to be understood that the invention is not limited to the particular embodiments described above, and that various changes and modifications may be made by one skilled in the art within the scope of the claims without affecting the spirit of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. The automatic tolerance adjusting device comprises an upper shell (1), a positioning stud (2) and a locking gasket (3), wherein the upper shell (1) is of a hollow cavity structure, and an inner cavity of the upper shell is divided into a mounting hole (13) and a first inner cavity (14) through a baffle plate (16); one end of the positioning stud (2) is provided with a first boss (26) matched with the first inner cavity (14), and the first boss (26) is inserted into the first inner cavity (14) and forms a shaft hole gap with the baffle plate (16); the locking gasket (3) is arranged in the first inner cavity (14) and moves freely in the shaft hole gap; the device is characterized by further comprising a star-shaped sheet (4) and an adjusting nut (5), wherein the upper end and the lower end of the positioning stud (2) are respectively connected and fixed with the upper shell (1) and the adjusting nut (5) through threads, and a second inner cavity (25) is formed at the other end of the positioning stud (2); the top of the adjusting nut (5) is provided with a star-shaped boss (53) matched with the second inner cavity (25), and the star-shaped boss (53) is inserted into the second inner cavity (25) to form a star-shaped hole; the outer wall of the star-shaped sheet (4) is provided with a pusher dog (42), the star-shaped sheet (4) is arranged in the second inner cavity (25) and moves freely in the star-shaped hole, and the pusher dog (42) pushes the star-shaped boss (53) to drive the adjusting nut (5) to rotate.
2. The automatic tolerance adjustment device according to claim 1, characterized in that a first inner hole (41) is provided in the star-shaped piece (4), a flange (44) is provided at one end surface of the star-shaped piece (4), and elastic pieces (43) of a plurality of fastening bolts (6) are provided on the inner wall of the star-shaped piece (4).
3. The automatic tolerance adjusting device according to claim 1, wherein the positioning stud (2) and the star-shaped sheet (4) are made of nylon 6, nylon 66 or POM, the locking washer (3) is made of manganese steel or stainless steel, the hardness of the positioning stud (2) is lower than that of the locking washer (3), and the adjusting nut (5) is made of glass fiber reinforced nylon 6, glass fiber reinforced nylon 66 or glass fiber reinforced POM composite material.
4. The automatic tolerance adjustment device according to claim 1, characterized in that the locking washer (3) is provided with a second internal hole (31), the end face of the locking washer (3) being provided with radial ridges (32).
5. The automatic tolerance adjustment device according to claim 4, characterized in that the bottom of the adjustment nut (5) is provided with a first protruding outer edge (51), and the bottom end surface of the first protruding outer edge (51) is provided with an anti-slip radial stripe (57); the end face of the star-shaped boss (53) is provided with limit bosses (55) and grooves (56) which are alternately arranged; the inner wall of the star-shaped boss (53) is provided with a third inner cavity (54), and the outer wall of the star-shaped boss (53) is provided with a first thread (52).
6. The automatic tolerance adjusting device according to claim 5, wherein the inner wall of the first inner cavity (14) is provided with a second thread (15), the outer wall of the open end of the first inner cavity (14) is provided with a plurality of thread stop grooves (12), and the open end of the mounting hole (13) is provided with a second protruding outer edge (11).
7. The automatic tolerance adjustment device according to claim 6, characterized in that a fourth inner cavity (28) is provided in the first boss (26), a third thread (21) matching with the second thread (15) is provided on the outer wall of the first boss (26), and a fourth thread (27) matching with the first thread (52) is provided on the inner wall of the second inner cavity (25).
8. The automatic tolerance adjustment device according to claim 7, characterized in that the outer diameter of the locking washer (3) is smaller than the diameter of the first inner cavity (14) and larger than the diameter of the mounting hole (13) and the diameter of the fourth inner cavity (28), the diameter of the second inner hole (31) being smaller than the diameter of the fourth inner cavity (28).
9. The automatic tolerance adjustment device according to claim 1 or 7, characterized in that the height L 1 of the first boss (26) is smaller than the depth L 2 of the first internal cavity (14), the thickness L 3 of the locking washer (3) satisfying the condition: l 3<(L2-L1).
10. The automatic tolerance adjusting device according to claim 1, wherein a stop card (23) and a positioning tensioning piece (24) are arranged on the wall body of the positioning stud (2), the stop card (23) and the positioning tensioning piece (24) are alternately arranged on the outer ring of the first boss (26), a groove (29) for accommodating the wall body of the upper shell (1) is arranged between the stop card and the first boss (26), and a stop groove (22) is formed in the surface of the groove (29).
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Families Citing this family (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN110307767B (en) * | 2019-07-29 | 2024-04-30 | 上海佳慕汽车零部件有限公司 | Elastic construction tolerance adjusting device |
| CN110566061A (en) * | 2019-08-29 | 2019-12-13 | 上海佳慕汽车零部件有限公司 | Manual three-way tolerance regulator and application and installation method thereof |
| CN110497856A (en) * | 2019-08-29 | 2019-11-26 | 上海佳慕汽车零部件有限公司 | The mounting structure and installation method of a kind of three-dimensional tolerance regulator and hiding handle |
| CN110541631A (en) * | 2019-09-04 | 2019-12-06 | 上海佳慕汽车零部件有限公司 | novel mounting structure and mounting method of hidden handle |
| CN110925287B (en) * | 2019-11-25 | 2021-08-31 | 上海杰邦塑料五金制品有限公司 | Tolerance absorbing device with three coordinate direction absorption tolerances |
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| CN201529972U (en) * | 2009-05-20 | 2010-07-21 | 张祈雄 | Sleeve joint tool |
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