CN110148948B - Device and method for improving power generation power of photovoltaic inverter at tail end of power grid - Google Patents
Device and method for improving power generation power of photovoltaic inverter at tail end of power grid Download PDFInfo
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- CN110148948B CN110148948B CN201910436461.6A CN201910436461A CN110148948B CN 110148948 B CN110148948 B CN 110148948B CN 201910436461 A CN201910436461 A CN 201910436461A CN 110148948 B CN110148948 B CN 110148948B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
- H02J3/12—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks for adjusting voltage in ac networks by changing a characteristic of the network load
- H02J3/16—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks for adjusting voltage in ac networks by changing a characteristic of the network load by adjustment of reactive power
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
- Y02E10/56—Power conversion systems, e.g. maximum power point trackers
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E40/00—Technologies for an efficient electrical power generation, transmission or distribution
- Y02E40/30—Reactive power compensation
Abstract
The invention discloses a device and a method for improving the power generation of a photovoltaic inverter at the tail end of a power grid, wherein the device comprises a reactive power regulation module and a current limiting module; the reactive power regulation module takes the voltage of the output end of the inverter as a control object, takes the voltage of a power grid as a control object, controls the reactive power output of the inverter to realize the control of the voltage of the inverter end, plays a role of lifting the voltage of the end, and utilizes the voltage closed loop to regulate the reactive power output so as to constant the voltage of the inverter end, so as to avoid the condition of entering under-voltage; the current limiting module limits the output power of the output current to ensure that the inverter does not exceed the output capacity, and ensures that the inverter is not over-current or over-heat protected due to the exceeding of the output capacity, so that the power generation power of the inverter is improved, the equipment can continuously operate to transmit power to a power grid, and the photovoltaic energy is converted to the greatest extent.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of power grids, in particular to a device and a method for improving the power generation power of a photovoltaic inverter at the tail end of a power grid.
Background
The end of the power grid in the remote mountain area is usually far away from the transformer substation, and the cable is laid too long, so that the impedance of the line is large, and the inductive reactance is also large. When the photovoltaic inverter operates under the working condition, the voltage of the inverter end is reduced due to reactive power of a line, so that the condition that the inverter cannot work is caused, and the condition is generally difficult to maintain on site, so that project development is influenced and photovoltaic resource waste is caused. Meanwhile, the power generation power of the photovoltaic inverter determines the utilization rate of energy, and the improvement of the power generation efficiency of the photovoltaic inverter is a problem to be solved.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems, the invention provides a device for improving the power generation of a photovoltaic inverter at the tail end of a power grid, which comprises a reactive power regulation module and a current limiting module; the reactive power regulation module is used for regulating an active current instruction output by a busbar voltage control loop of the photovoltaic inverter by taking a deviation value of the power grid voltage and an effective voltage value of an output end of the inverter as a control quantity and outputting a reactive current instruction; the current limiting module is used for comparing the active current instruction and the reactive current instruction as the original current reference amplitude with the capacity of the inverter, and limiting the power instruction of the inverter and outputting the power instruction of the inverter if the original current reference amplitude is larger than the capacity of the inverter.
Further, the device also comprises a voltage acquisition module which is used for detecting the power grid impedance, the inverter terminal voltage and the grid-connected current on line and calculating to obtain the power grid voltage.
The reactive power regulation module comprises a PI controller, wherein the input end of the PI controller is connected with an adder, the output end of the PI controller is connected with a multiplier, the adder is used for receiving a power grid voltage value and an inverter output end voltage effective value, outputting deviation values of the power grid voltage value and the inverter output end voltage effective value as input of the PI controller, and outputting the deviation values as control quantity after being regulated, and the multiplier regulates an active current instruction by utilizing an output regulation coefficient of the PI controller and outputs a reactive current instruction.
The current limiting module comprises a selector, a comparator and a limiting module, wherein the comparator is used for comparing the original current reference amplitude with the inverter capacity and outputting a result to a control end of the selector, the limiting module is used for limiting an original inverter power command, and two input ends of the selector are respectively used for inputting the original inverter power command and the limited inverter power command.
A method for improving the power generated by photovoltaic inverter at the end of electric network features that a device for improving the power generated by photovoltaic inverter at the end of electric network is built in the inverter, the voltage of electric network is detected in real time by said device, the reactive compensation is controlled by the output voltage of inverter, and the output current is used to limit the output power to ensure that the inverter is not over-current or over-heat protected.
Mainly comprises the following steps:
s1: detecting the power grid impedance on line, and calculating the power grid voltage through the power grid impedance and the current output current;
s2: adjusting reactive compensation coefficients by using the power grid voltage as a reference through a PI controller, and controlling reactive power output according to the current active power value;
s3: the active current reference and the reactive current reference are limited to the inverter output capacity range.
Step S1, calculating the power grid voltage according to the following formula:
in U g 、U gd 、U gq The amplitude, d-axis and q-axis components of the grid voltage are respectively; u (U) id 、U iq D-axis and q-axis components of the inverter terminal voltage respectively; r is R g 、X g The resistance and inductance values of the power grid impedance are respectively; i.e d 、i q The d-axis component and the q-axis component of the grid-connected current are respectively.
The method for adjusting the reactive compensation coefficient comprises the following steps: and taking the deviation value of the power grid voltage and the effective value of the voltage of the output end of the inverter as a control quantity to adjust an active current instruction output by a busbar voltage control loop of the photovoltaic inverter, and outputting a reactive current instruction.
The method for limiting the active current reference and the reactive current reference comprises the following steps: the active current instruction and the reactive current instruction are used as the original current reference amplitude I mref And inverter capacity I lmt Comparing if the original current is the reference amplitude I mref Greater than inverter capacity I lmt And limiting the inverter power command and outputting the inverter power command.
The primary currentReference amplitude I mref According to the active current instruction and the reactive current instruction, the method is calculated according to the following formula:
wherein I is drefold An active current instruction which is output by a busbar voltage control loop of the photovoltaic inverter, I qrefold Is a reactive current command;
limiting the original active current command and the original reactive current command according to the following formula to obtain a limited active current command and a limited reactive current command:
wherein I is dreflmt To limit the active current command, I qreflmt Is a limited reactive current command.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the output power is limited to ensure that the inverter is not over-current or over-heat protected due to exceeding the output capacity, so that the power generation power of the inverter is improved, the equipment can continuously operate to transmit power to a power grid, and the photovoltaic energy is converted to the greatest extent. Meanwhile, the inverter output does not function to lift the end voltage, and the voltage closed loop is utilized to adjust the reactive output to constant the end voltage of the inverter, so as to avoid the condition of under-voltage.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an apparatus for improving power generated by a photovoltaic inverter at the end of a power grid according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a reactive power regulation module in an embodiment of the invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a current limiting module in an embodiment of the invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical solution of the present invention better understood by those skilled in the art, the present invention will be further described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
The invention provides a method for improving the power generation of a photovoltaic inverter at the tail end of a power grid, which is used for detecting the voltage of the power grid in real time, taking the voltage of the power grid as a reference to regulate reactive compensation, controlling the output power of the inverter, and preventing the output of the inverter from exceeding the limit of output capacity to cause overcurrent or overheat protection so as to improve the power generation of the inverter, so that equipment can continuously operate to transmit power to the power grid, and photovoltaic energy is converted to the greatest extent.
As shown in fig. 1, the invention also provides an embodiment of a device for improving the power generation of a photovoltaic inverter at the tail end of a power grid based on the method, which comprises a reactive power regulation module and a current limiting module; the reactive power regulation module is used for regulating an active current instruction output by a busbar voltage control loop of the photovoltaic inverter by taking a deviation value of the power grid voltage and an effective voltage value of an output end of the inverter as a control quantity and outputting a reactive current instruction; the current limiting module is used for comparing the active current instruction and the reactive current instruction as the original current reference amplitude with the capacity of the inverter, and limiting the power instruction of the inverter and outputting the power instruction of the inverter if the original current reference amplitude is larger than the capacity of the inverter.
Meanwhile, the invention also provides a method for improving the power generation power of the photovoltaic inverter at the tail end of the power grid based on the device, which is used for detecting the power grid voltage in real time, taking the power grid voltage as a reference to adjust the reactive compensation, controlling the output power of the inverter, and enabling the output of the inverter not to exceed the limit of the output capacity so as to cause overcurrent or overheat protection, thereby improving the power generation power of the inverter, enabling the equipment to continuously operate to transmit power to the power grid, and converting the photovoltaic energy to the greatest extent.
Mainly comprises the following steps:
s1: detecting the power grid impedance on line, and calculating the power grid voltage through the power grid impedance and the current output current;
s2: adjusting reactive compensation coefficients by using the power grid voltage as a reference through a PI controller, and controlling reactive power output according to the current active power value;
s3: the active current reference and the reactive current reference are limited to the inverter output capacity range.
Preferably, step S1 calculates the grid voltage according to the following formula:
in U g 、U gd 、U gq The amplitude, d-axis and q-axis components of the grid voltage are respectively; u (U) id 、U iq D-axis and q-axis components of the inverter terminal voltage respectively; r is R g 、X g The resistance and inductance values of the power grid impedance are respectively; i.e d 、i q The d-axis component and the q-axis component of the grid-connected current are respectively.
The device in the implementation further comprises a voltage acquisition module for detecting the power grid impedance, the inverter terminal voltage and the grid-connected current on line and calculating to obtain the power grid voltage. The module is internally provided with an on-line detection algorithm to realize the calculation process, and the power grid voltage is calculated in real time.
Preferably, the method for adjusting the reactive compensation coefficient is as follows: and taking the deviation value of the power grid voltage and the effective value of the voltage of the output end of the inverter as a control quantity to adjust an active current instruction output by a busbar voltage control loop of the photovoltaic inverter, and outputting a reactive current instruction.
As shown in fig. 2, in this embodiment, the reactive power regulation module includes a PI controller, an input end of the PI controller is connected with an adder, an output end of the PI controller is connected with a multiplier, the adder is configured to receive a voltage value of the power grid and a voltage effective value of an output end of the inverter, output a deviation value of the voltage value and the voltage effective value as inputs of the PI controller, and output the deviation value as a control value after being regulated, and the multiplier regulates an active current instruction by using a regulating coefficient of an output of the PI controller, and outputs a reactive current instruction. The PI controller takes the voltage of the power grid as a reference, compares the voltage with the effective value of the voltage of the output end of the inverter to form voltage closed-loop regulation, and regulates the coefficient of the reactive current instruction and the active current instruction to control the magnitude of reactive output, so as to regulate the amplitude of the output voltage, wherein Kq is a reactive regulation coefficient.
The active current instruction and the reactive current instruction are used as the original current reference amplitude I mref And inverter capacity I lmt Comparing if the original current is the reference amplitude I mref Greater than inverter capacity I lmt And limiting the inverter power command and outputting the inverter power command.
The primary current reference amplitude I mref According to the active current instruction and the reactive current instruction, the method is calculated according to the following formula:
wherein I is drefold An active current instruction which is output by a busbar voltage control loop of the photovoltaic inverter, I qrefold Is a reactive current command.
Limiting the original active current command and the original reactive current command according to the following formula to obtain a limited active current command and a limited reactive current command:
wherein I is dreflmt To limit the active current command, I qreflmt Is a limited reactive current command.
The structure of the current limiting module in this embodiment is shown in fig. 3, where the current limiting module includes a selector, a comparator, and a limiting module, where the comparator is configured to compare an original current reference amplitude with an original current reference amplitude and output a result to a control end of the selector, and the limiting module is configured to limit an original inverter power command, and two input ends of the selector respectively input the original inverter power command and the limited inverter power command.
The output active power instruction and reactive power instruction of the current limiting module control the output power of the inverter by comparing the original current reference amplitude I mref And inverter current limit value I lmt The relationship of (2) determines the current state of the inverter. When the original current is reference to the amplitude I mref Less than the inverter current limit value I lmt When the output power is within the capacity range of the inverter, the original power command I is directly followed drefold Reactive power instruction I qrefold As the original inverter power command output to control the inverter output; otherwise, according to the limited active power instruction I dreflmt Reactive power instruction I qreflmt And controlling the inverter output as the limited inverter power command output, and limiting the active current reference and the reactive current reference within the range of the inverter output capacity.
It should be noted that, for simplicity of description, the foregoing method embodiments are all expressed as a series of action combinations, but it should be understood by those skilled in the art that the present application is not limited by the described order of action, as some steps may take other order or be performed simultaneously according to the present application. Further, those skilled in the art will also appreciate that the embodiments described in the specification are all preferred embodiments and that the acts and elements referred to are not necessarily required in the present application.
Those skilled in the art will appreciate that implementing all or part of the above-described methods in the embodiments may be accomplished by computer programs stored in a computer-readable storage medium, which when executed, may include the steps of the embodiments of the methods described above. Wherein the storage medium may be a magnetic disk, an optical disk, a ROM, a RAM, etc.
The foregoing disclosure is illustrative of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the scope of the invention, which is defined by the appended claims.
Claims (9)
1. A method for improving the power generated by a photovoltaic inverter at the tail end of a power grid is characterized in that a device for improving the power generated by the photovoltaic inverter at the tail end of the power grid is arranged in the inverter, and the power grid is detected in real time through the deviceThe voltage is controlled, the reactive compensation size is controlled by outputting the voltage to the inverter, and the output power is limited by outputting the current to ensure that the inverter is not over-current or over-heat protected due to exceeding the output capacity, thereby improving the power generation power of the inverter, enabling the equipment to continuously operate to transmit power to a power grid, converting the photovoltaic energy to the greatest extent, and referencing the primary current reference amplitude I mref According to the active current instruction and the reactive current instruction, the method is calculated according to the following formula:
wherein I is drefold An active current instruction which is output by a busbar voltage control loop of the photovoltaic inverter, I qrefold Is a reactive current command;
limiting the original active current command and the original reactive current command according to the following formula to obtain a limited active current command and a limited reactive current command:
wherein I is dreflmt To limit the active current command, I qreflmt Is a limited reactive current command.
2. A method of increasing the power generated by a grid end photovoltaic inverter according to claim 1, comprising the steps of:
s1: detecting the power grid impedance on line, and calculating the power grid voltage through the power grid impedance and the current output current;
s2: adjusting reactive compensation coefficients by using the power grid voltage as a reference through a PI controller, and controlling reactive power output according to the current active power value;
s3: the active current reference and the reactive current reference are limited to the inverter output capacity range.
3. A method for increasing the power generated by a photovoltaic inverter at the end of a power grid according to claim 2, wherein step S1 calculates the power grid voltage according to the following formula:
in U g 、U gd 、U gq The amplitude, d-axis and q-axis components of the grid voltage are respectively; u (U) id 、U iq D-axis and q-axis components of the inverter terminal voltage respectively; r is R g 、X g The resistance and inductance values of the power grid impedance are respectively; i.e d 、i q The d-axis component and the q-axis component of the grid-connected current are respectively.
4. The method for increasing the power generated by a photovoltaic inverter at the end of a power grid according to claim 2, wherein the method for adjusting the reactive compensation coefficient is as follows: and taking the deviation value of the power grid voltage and the effective value of the voltage of the output end of the inverter as a control quantity to adjust an active current instruction output by a busbar voltage control loop of the photovoltaic inverter, and outputting a reactive current instruction.
5. A method of increasing the power generated by a photovoltaic inverter at the end of a power grid according to claim 2, wherein the limiting of the active and reactive current references is: the active current instruction and the reactive current instruction are used as the original current reference amplitude I mref And inverter capacity I lmt Comparing if the original current is the reference amplitude I mref Greater than inverter capacity I lmt And limiting the inverter power command and outputting the inverter power command.
6. A device for increasing the power generated by a photovoltaic inverter at the end of a power grid, which is used for realizing the method for increasing the power generated by the photovoltaic inverter at the end of the power grid according to any one of claims 1 to 5, and is characterized by comprising a reactive power regulation module and a current limiting module; the reactive power regulation module is used for regulating an active current instruction output by a busbar voltage control loop of the photovoltaic inverter by taking a deviation value of the power grid voltage and an effective voltage value of an output end of the inverter as a control quantity and outputting a reactive current instruction; the current limiting module is used for comparing the active current instruction and the reactive current instruction as the original current reference amplitude with the capacity of the inverter, and limiting the power instruction of the inverter and outputting the power instruction of the inverter if the original current reference amplitude is larger than the capacity of the inverter.
7. The device for increasing the power generated by a photovoltaic inverter at the end of a power grid according to claim 6, further comprising a voltage acquisition module for detecting the power grid impedance, the voltage at the end of the inverter and the grid-connected current on line and calculating the power grid voltage.
8. The device for improving the power generation of the photovoltaic inverter at the tail end of the power grid according to claim 6, wherein the reactive power regulation module comprises a PI controller, an adder is connected to an input end of the PI controller, an output end of the PI controller is connected to a multiplier, the adder is used for receiving a voltage value of the power grid and an effective voltage value of an output end of the inverter, outputting deviation values of the voltage value and the effective voltage value of the output end of the inverter as inputs of the PI controller, and outputting the deviation values as control quantities after being regulated, and the multiplier regulates an active current instruction and outputs a reactive current instruction by utilizing a regulating coefficient of the output of the PI controller.
9. The device for increasing the power generated by a photovoltaic inverter at the end of a power grid according to claim 6, wherein the current limiting module comprises a selector, a comparator and a limiting module, the comparator is used for comparing the original current reference amplitude with the inverter capacity and outputting the result to a control end of the selector, the limiting module is used for limiting the original inverter power command, and two input ends of the selector are respectively input with the original inverter power command and the limited inverter power command.
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| CN110994645B (en) * | 2019-12-04 | 2022-09-20 | 中国电力科学研究院有限公司 | Method and system for controlling photovoltaic inverter adjustment based on V-f cross |
| CN112260596B (en) * | 2020-10-29 | 2022-05-06 | 广东电网有限责任公司电力科学研究院 | Generator stator current overcurrent control method and related device |
| CN112688275B (en) * | 2020-12-11 | 2024-03-19 | 厦门科华数能科技有限公司 | Inverter protection method and device and terminal equipment |
| CN112994120B (en) * | 2021-03-22 | 2024-04-12 | 阳光电源股份有限公司 | Inverter system, inverter and reactive power control method of inverter |
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