CN106026170A - Control method for adjusting photovoltaic grid-connected inverter input power according to power grid voltage - Google Patents
Control method for adjusting photovoltaic grid-connected inverter input power according to power grid voltage Download PDFInfo
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R27/00—Arrangements for measuring resistance, reactance, impedance, or electric characteristics derived therefrom
- G01R27/02—Measuring real or complex resistance, reactance, impedance, or other two-pole characteristics derived therefrom, e.g. time constant
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- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
- Y02E10/56—Power conversion systems, e.g. maximum power point trackers
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Abstract
The invention provides a control method for adjusting photovoltaic grid-connected inverter input power according to power grid voltage. The control method includes a first control state and a second control state. The first control state refers to MPPT state control, the maximum power point of a solar cell panel component is corresponding to be near voltage Umax, and output power is near the maximum output power point Pmax so that energy acquired by the MPPT controller part is enabled to be pushed to the power grid in an inverted way; and the second control state refers to limit power state control, the inverter working point is enabled to deviate from the maximum output power point Pmax so that voltage drop of inverter output current on line impedance is enabled to be reduced. The beneficial effects are that the problem of voltage limit exceeding of distributed photovoltaic power generation accessing under the condition of a weak power distribution network can be solved, shutdown and light abandoning caused by excessive high voltage of the power grid can be reduced and user benefits can be guaranteed; meanwhile, the line impedance can be estimated, and the inverter can control user load at the site or through remote monitoring according to the line impedance so that no light abandoning can be basically realized.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to photovoltaic combining inverter field, especially relate to a kind of according to line voltage adjustment light
The control method of volt combining inverter input power.
Background technology
Along with the development of photovoltaic power generation technology, the cost of photovoltaic generation is gradually lowered.New-energy grid-connected
Subsidy policy constantly improves the development further promoting whole industry.Distributed photovoltaic power generation is at present
Entering into huge numbers of families, user can install a set of solar power system on oneself roof, obtains by selling electricity
Get benefit.Electrical network electricity it is frequently encountered the when that solar power system being installed in rural area or remote districts
The situation that pressure transfinites, i.e. also site line voltage exceedes the working range that inverter allows
(NBT32004-2013:187V-242VAC).The reason causing this situation is exactly this area
Electrical network is relatively weak, and site (user side) distance distribution transformer is farther out, between cabling relatively thin,
Line impedance between 2 is bigger.As it is shown in figure 1, be the block diagram of photovoltaic generating system, line impedance
The power distribution network of R and user region has relation.When photovoltaic generating system generates electricity by way of merging two or more grid systems, if user is not
The energy that cell panel of dissolving completely issues, this portion of energy will be by cable transfer to common electrical
Net.Electric current is sent outside and can be produced pressure drop in line impedance R, and so also the voltage of site will be by two parts
Composition: line voltage+line drop.And the voltage of site is elevated, it is evident that line impedance gets over Datong District
In the case of sample grid-connected current, line drop can be the biggest, and grid-connected point voltage is the highest.According to standard-required,
After voltage transfinites, stoppage protection wanted by inverter.Existing inverter product reaches to protect Zhi Hou metropolis at voltage
Stoppage protection, the gene-ration revenue of such user will incur loss.Solar irradiance ratio the most at noon
In the case of compare Hao, inverter can start/stop machine repeatedly, i.e. have impact on generating, again can be to inverter internal
The devices such as relay cause certain infringement.The producer having at present transfinites and user to solve line voltage
Pursue the contradiction of maximum generation income, heighten the voltage protection scope of inverter.But so also site
Voltage can further lifting, Electrical Safety is threatened, life-time service may burn some of user
Electrical equipment.Best solution is to increase power distribution network capacity from grid side, administers the low electricity of user side
Pressure and high voltage problem.But power distribution network coverage is bigger, original planning may not consider new energy
The access in source, by the limitation etc. of the controller switching equipments such as existing transformer capacity.Transformation needs the relatively long cycle
The biggest fund input, it is impossible to quickly solve current contradiction.
Summary of the invention
In view of this, it is contemplated that propose a kind of according to line voltage adjustment photovoltaic combining inverter input
The control method of power, the voltage that in the case of solution power distribution network is more weak, distributed photovoltaic power generation accesses surpasses
Limit problem, it is possible to make the most generatings of inverter in the case of ensureing safety, reduce because of line voltage mistake
Light is abandoned in the shutdown that height causes, it is ensured that user's income, can estimate line impedance simultaneously, according to line impedance,
Inverter can control user load in locality or by remotely monitoring thus substantially realize not abandoning light.
For reaching above-mentioned purpose, the technical scheme is that and be achieved in that:
A kind of control method adjusting photovoltaic combining inverter input power according to line voltage, including first
Controlled state and the second controlled state:
First controlled state be MPPT state control: when inverter detection and site line voltage not less than
During the working range that inverter allows, inverter is operated in MPPT maximum power point tracking state, i.e. MPPT
Controller is finding the peak power that solar cell panel assembly can export, inversion at current time all the time
Device is internal to be electrically connected with MPPT controller by two PID controller, uses outer shroud Voltage loop and internal ring
The double-loop control of electric current loop, it is achieved inversion control, now, the maximum power point of solar cell panel assembly
Near corresponding voltage Umax, output is near peak power output point Pmax, real-time MPPT
The energy inversion that controller part obtains is pushed in electrical network；When inverter operating point deviation maximum output
During power points, MPPT controller makes operating point return maximum work by the method such as disturbance observation or node-pair method
Make near point, inverter running voltage all the time close to maximum power point voltage, remain maximum and export
Power；
Second controlled state is that limit power rating controls: when inverter detection line voltage sets close to inverter
During fixed permission operation threshold, the limit power cell LIMIT controlling to be connected with MPPT controller starts, and limits
Power cell LIMIT is the control unit being arranged in inverter；By limit power cell LIMIT according to electricity
The change of net voltage adjusts in real time, and calculating can be stable for inverter output power near Pmax
Output threshold value P1, and P1 < Pmax, change inverter input PV voltage by MPPT controller
Perturbation direction, makes inverter operating point deviate peak power output point Pmax, and inverter output power is therewith
Reducing, inverter output current pressure drop in line impedance will reduce；As limit power cell LIMIT
Output threshold value P1 calculated > Pmax time, inverter control automatically switch to MPPT state control.
Further, the first controlled state and the size of the second controlled state needs assessment line impedance, adopt
Assessing line impedance with current disturbing monitoring method, concrete grammar is as follows:
According to the equivalent theorem in circuit theory by this locality load, line impedance, neighbouring load equivalent it is
Line impedance Rnet, inverter can control the size of current exported on electrical network, t1 moment I 1, t2
Moment is I2, then have formula (1), (2) two relations:
Uinv1=I1*Rnet+Ugrid (1)
Uinv2=I2*Rnet+Ugrid (2)
(1), (2) two formula simultaneous can obtain formula (3):
Δ Uinv=Δ I*Rnet (3)
Wherein, extracting Δ U, Δ I by trap oscillograph is known quantity, can calculate Rnet.
Further, inverter controls to connect the load of user by controlling temporary location；List in the middle of controlling
Unit is gate-controlled switch, and the load of user is heating equipment, refrigeration plant or energy storage device；Work as inverter
Being in the second controlled state, when i.e. limit power rating controls, inverter is by controlling temporary location open portion
Divide load, make full use of the energy.
Further, inverter is connected to monitor supervision platform by harvester, during harvester is also connected to control
Between unit, control temporary location and be also connected to the load of user；Monitor supervision platform is background monitoring server,
Control temporary location is gate-controlled switch, and the load of user is heating equipment, refrigeration plant or energy storage device；
When inverter is in the second controlled state, and when i.e. limit power rating controls, inverter is current limit power
State, real-time circuit are estimated the information such as impedance, line voltage and are supplied to monitor supervision platform by communication, prison
Control platform does long-range big data divide based on these type of data and the load characteristic of user and service condition data
Analysis and Based Intelligent Control user power utilization equipment, thus realize making full use of of energy.
Relative to prior art, of the present invention according to line voltage adjustment photovoltaic combining inverter input
The control method of power has the advantage that
MPPT controller in inverter can regulate peak power output point tracking merit according to line voltage
Can, make the power of input inverter be unlikely to cause line voltage to transfinite.When inverter detection site electricity
During the working range that net voltage allows not less than inverter, inverter is in MPPT state and controls, it is possible to
Ensureing near the voltage Umax corresponding to maximum power point of solar cell panel assembly, output is
Near big output point Pmax, the real-time energy inversion that MPPT controller part is obtained is pushed to
In electrical network；When the permission operation threshold that inverter detection line voltage sets close to inverter, inversion
Device is in limit power rating and controls, and the limit power cell LIMIT controlling to be connected with MPPT controller starts,
Change according to line voltage adjusts in real time, it is possible to calculate stable for inverter output power at Pmax
Neighbouring output threshold value P1, and P1 < Pmax, change inverter input PV by MPPT controller
The perturbation direction of voltage, makes inverter operating point deviate peak power output point Pmax, inverter output work
Rate reduces therewith, and inverter output current pressure drop in line impedance will reduce；When limit power cell
Output threshold value P1 that LIMIT calculates > Pmax time, inverter control automatically switches to MPPT shape
State controls.Controlled and limit the timely switching that power rating controls by MPPT state, it is achieved inverter
Power is unlikely to cause line voltage to transfinite, distributed photovoltaic power generation in the case of solution power distribution network is more weak
The voltage overrun issues accessed, it is possible to make the most generatings of inverter in the case of ensureing safety, reduce
Light is abandoned in the shutdown caused because line voltage is too high, it is ensured that user's income.
The crucial parameter causing line voltage to transfinite in photovoltaic parallel in system is exactly the line of electrical network
Roadlock resists, and the present invention is by the size of current disturbing monitoring method assessment line impedance, it is possible to capacity of trunk,
Power limit, and load multiple functions such as switching effectively control.
Accompanying drawing explanation
The accompanying drawing of the part constituting the present invention is used for providing a further understanding of the present invention, the present invention's
Schematic description and description is used for explaining the present invention, is not intended that inappropriate limitation of the present invention.?
In accompanying drawing:
Fig. 1 is the system block diagram of photovoltaic generation；
Fig. 2 is inverter internal control block diagram；
Fig. 3 is to be in the peak power output point during MPPT state controls and the pass of maximum output voltage point
It it is schematic diagram；
Fig. 4 is limited the relation schematic diagram of the output in power rating control and output voltage；
Fig. 5 is energy Flow block diagram during inverter work；
Fig. 6 is electric network impedance scattergram during inverter work；
Fig. 7 is for estimating impedance diagram；
Fig. 8 is impedance detection flow chart；
Fig. 9 is the illustrative view of functional configuration that inverter directly controls user load；
Figure 10 is the illustrative view of functional configuration of inverter remote control user load.
Detailed description of the invention
It should be noted that in the case of not conflicting, the embodiment in the present invention and the spy in embodiment
Levy and can be mutually combined.
In describing the invention, it should be noted that unless otherwise clearly defined and limited, term
" install ", " being connected ", " connection " should be interpreted broadly, and connect, also for example, it may be fixing
Can be to removably connect, or be integrally connected；Can be to be mechanically connected, it is also possible to be electrical connection；Can
Being to be joined directly together, it is also possible to be indirectly connected to by intermediary, can be the connection of two element internals.
For the ordinary skill in the art, can understand that above-mentioned term is in the present invention by concrete condition
In concrete meaning.
Describe the present invention below with reference to the accompanying drawings and in conjunction with the embodiments in detail.
It is illustrated in figure 2 inverter internal control block diagram, when line voltage is within normal range, according to
The limit power functions of line voltage is inoperative, and inverter is operated in MPPT state and controls, and exists the most all the time
Finding the peak power that battery panel components can export at current time, inverter internal controls to use dicyclo
Controlling, outer shroud Voltage loop, internal ring electric current loop realize inversion control, real-time MPPT part are obtained
Energy inversion is pushed in electrical network.During as it is shown on figure 3, inverter is operated in the control of MPPT state,
The voltage of cell plate group string is all the time near Umax, and the power of now inverter output is maximum.Work as inversion
During the deviation maximum power point of device operating point, inverter can be made by the method such as disturbance observation or node-pair method
Operating point returns near maximum functional point, leaning on to maximum power point voltage all the time of inverter running voltage
Closely, as shown in the direction of arrow in Fig. 3.
The when of the threshold value set when line voltage is close, limit power cell LIMIT starts, MPPT portion
Generation is changed by the function divided.As shown in Figure 4, limit power cell LIMIT can calculate a power-threshold
Value P1, general P1 < Pmax.When the current power of inverter input is more than P1, MPPT part can change
The perturbation direction of time variant voltage, makes inverter operating point deviate maximum power point, and inverter output power is therewith
Reducing, the pressure drop in line impedance of such inverter output current will reduce.The value of P1 can be according to electricity
The change of net voltage adjusts in real time, finally line voltage value stabilization on the voltage that inverter can work
Near Xian.So under the structure of existing power distribution network, i.e. ensure that the Electrical Safety of user, can realize again
Maximum energy output.When inverter is operated in the MPPT state of limit power, curve may be operated in left
The limit power points on side or right side, as shown in Figure 4, running voltage is U1 or U2, if irradiance
Die down, P1 occur > Pmax when, inverter automatically switch to MPPT state control.
The crucial parameter causing line voltage to transfinite in photovoltaic parallel in system is exactly the line of electrical network
Roadlock resists, if it is possible to the size of online evaluation line impedance, it becomes possible to capacity of trunk, power limit,
And load multiple functions such as switching effectively control.It is more at the POL of power distribution network side electricity consumption,
The property difference of load is the biggest, and the switching of any one load all can affect the assessment of electric network impedance.
The present invention provides the appraisal procedure of a kind of power network line impedance, current disturbing monitoring method, does below specifically
Bright.As it is shown in figure 5, during inverter work, when the energy comparison that cell panel provides is many, energy Flow
As shown in the direction of arrow in figure, part supply this locality load, a part is fed to electrical network.Actual electric network
Distribution of impedance as shown in Figure 6, this locality can be loaded according to the equivalent theorem in circuit theory, circuit resistance
Anti-, neighbouring load equivalent is line impedance Rnet, as shown in Figure 7.Inverter can control output and arrive
Size of current on electrical network, t1 moment I1, the t2 moment is that I2 then has formula (1), (2) two relations.
Uinv1=I1*Rnet+Ugrid (1)
Uinv2=I2*Rnet+Ugrid (2)
(1), (2) two formula simultaneous can obtain formula (3):
Δ Uinv=Δ I*Rnet (3)
Wherein, extracting Δ U, Δ I by trap oscillograph is known quantity, can calculate Rnet.Detection
FB(flow block) as shown in Figure 8.Injection current I can be fundametal compoment, it is also possible to be high fdrequency component,
Extracted by trap oscillograph, such that it is able to calculate Rent.
Inverter and the cooperation of user load under limit power rating controls:
It is operated in the inverter that limit power rating controls, can under existing distribution net work structure to greatest extent
Reduction abandon light, but photoirradiation energy still can be lost, the size of off-energy and line impedance
Directly related, the energy of the biggest loss of line impedance is the most.In order to improve energy utilization rate, this control plan
Provide user's lateral load control method the most simultaneously, as follows:
As it is shown in figure 9, inverter can by holding wire by control temporary location (gate-controlled switch),
Connect with the load of user, such as heating equipment, refrigeration plant or energy storage device etc., when being in limit power
During operation, real-time switching fractional load, it is achieved making full use of of the energy.
As shown in Figure 10, inverter can also estimate resistance current limit power rating, real-time circuit
The information such as anti-, line voltage are supplied to monitor backstage by communication, and monitoring backstage can be based on these type of data
Do long-range big data analysis with the load characteristic of user and service condition data and Based Intelligent Control user uses
Electricity equipment, thus realize making full use of of energy.
The foregoing is only presently preferred embodiments of the present invention, not in order to limit the present invention, all at this
Within the spirit of invention and principle, any modification, equivalent substitution and improvement etc. made, should be included in
Within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. adjust a control method for photovoltaic combining inverter input power according to line voltage, it is special
Levy and be: include the first controlled state and the second controlled state:
First controlled state be MPPT state control: when inverter detection and site line voltage not less than
During the working range that inverter allows, inverter is operated in MPPT maximum power point tracking state, i.e. MPPT
Controller is finding the peak power that solar cell panel assembly can export, inversion at current time all the time
Device is internal to be electrically connected with MPPT controller by two PID controller, uses outer shroud Voltage loop and internal ring
The double-loop control of electric current loop, it is achieved inversion control, now, the maximum power point of solar cell panel assembly
Near corresponding voltage Umax, output is near peak power output point Pmax, real-time MPPT
The energy inversion that controller part obtains is pushed in electrical network；When inverter operating point deviation maximum output
During power points, MPPT controller makes operating point return maximum work by the method such as disturbance observation or node-pair method
Make near point, inverter running voltage all the time close to maximum power point voltage, remain maximum and export
Power；
Second controlled state is that limit power rating controls: when inverter detection line voltage sets close to inverter
During fixed permission operation threshold, the limit power cell LIMIT controlling to be connected with MPPT controller starts, and limits
Power cell LIMIT is the control unit being arranged in inverter；By limit power cell LIMIT according to electricity
The change of net voltage adjusts in real time, and calculating can be stable for inverter output power near Pmax
Output threshold value P1, and P1 < Pmax, change inverter input PV voltage by MPPT controller
Perturbation direction, makes inverter operating point deviate peak power output point Pmax, and inverter output power is therewith
Reducing, inverter output current pressure drop in line impedance will reduce；As limit power cell LIMIT
Output threshold value P1 calculated > Pmax time, inverter control automatically switch to MPPT state control.
The most according to claim 1 according to line voltage adjustment photovoltaic combining inverter input power
Control method, it is characterised in that: the first controlled state and the second controlled state needs assessment line impedance
Size, use current disturbing monitoring method assessment line impedance, concrete grammar is as follows:
According to the equivalent theorem in circuit theory by this locality load, line impedance, neighbouring load equivalent it is
Line impedance Rnet, inverter can control the size of current exported on electrical network, t1 moment I1, t2
Moment is I2, then have formula (1), (2) two relations:
Uinv1=I1*Rnet+Ugrid (1)
Uinv2=I2*Rnet+Ugrid (2)
(1), (2) two formula simultaneous can obtain formula (3):
Δ Uinv=Δ I*Rnet (3)
Wherein, extracting Δ U, Δ I by trap oscillograph is known quantity, can calculate Rnet.
The most according to claim 1 according to line voltage adjustment photovoltaic combining inverter input power
Control method, it is characterised in that: inverter by control temporary location control connect user load；
Control temporary location is gate-controlled switch, and the load of user is heating equipment, refrigeration plant or energy storage device；
When inverter is in the second controlled state, and when i.e. limit power rating controls, inverter is by single in the middle of controlling
Unit's opening section load, makes full use of the energy.
The most according to claim 1 according to line voltage adjustment photovoltaic combining inverter input power
Control method, it is characterised in that: inverter is connected to monitor supervision platform by harvester, and harvester also connects
Receive control temporary location, control temporary location and be also connected to the load of user；Monitor supervision platform is backstage prison
Control server, control temporary location is gate-controlled switch, the load of user be heating equipment, refrigeration plant or
Person's energy storage device；When inverter is in the second controlled state, when i.e. limit power rating controls, inverter handle
Current limit power rating, real-time circuit are estimated the information such as impedance, line voltage and are supplied to by communication
Monitor supervision platform, monitor supervision platform does remotely based on these type of data and the load characteristic of user and service condition data
Big data analysis and Based Intelligent Control user power utilization equipment, thus realize making full use of of energy.
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| CN106711993A (en) * | 2016-12-05 | 2017-05-24 | 中南大学 | Stability control method of direct current (DC) micro-grid |
| CN107240928A (en) * | 2017-04-29 | 2017-10-10 | 广州三晶电气股份有限公司 | A kind of power network lateral spacing power method of photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter |
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