CN110148761A - The production method of fuel cell membrane electrode assembly - Google Patents
The production method of fuel cell membrane electrode assembly Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN110148761A CN110148761A CN201910470064.0A CN201910470064A CN110148761A CN 110148761 A CN110148761 A CN 110148761A CN 201910470064 A CN201910470064 A CN 201910470064A CN 110148761 A CN110148761 A CN 110148761A
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- Prior art keywords
- electrode assembly
- fuel cell
- membrane electrode
- production method
- proton exchange
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/86—Inert electrodes with catalytic activity, e.g. for fuel cells
- H01M4/88—Processes of manufacture
- H01M4/8803—Supports for the deposition of the catalytic active composition
- H01M4/881—Electrolytic membranes
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Inert Electrodes (AREA)
Abstract
This application discloses a kind of production methods of fuel cell membrane electrode assembly, comprising: after being superimposed proton exchange membrane and breathable films up and down, is adsorbed in vacuum suction table top, the Surface modification of proton exchange membrane definition has target area and fringe region;Configured catalyst ink is applied to the target area.The present invention solves the problems, such as that proton exchange membrane is easy to happen non-reversible deformation, and prepared Surface modification of proton exchange membrane is smooth, and roughness is low.In addition, membrane electrode assembly structure prepared by the present invention is uniform, and preparation process is without customizing special grinding tool, low in cost, easy to operate.
Description
Technical field
This application involves field of fuel cell technology, more particularly to a kind of production side of fuel cell membrane electrode assembly
Method.
Background technique
Hydrogen fuel cell is a Xiang Lvse, efficient, the extensive energy conversion technology of applicability.Most important application fuel electricity
Pond automobile (FCV), it is high with its energy density, course continuation mileage is long, no pollution discharge and hydrogen is added the outstanding advantages such as to facilitate, it is called
" ultimate solution of new-energy automobile ".The high theoretical value of its energy conversion efficiency can achieve 80% or so, be much higher than internal combustion
Machine.In addition, hydrogen fuel cell is also equipped with zero-emission, pollution-free, low noise advantages, and in the course of work, reactant hydrogen gas and oxygen
In two electrodes electrochemical reaction occurs for gas respectively, and product only has heat and water, will greatly slow down CO2The discharge of isothermal chamber gas
Great environmental problem.
Membrane electrode (abbreviation MEA) is the core component of fuel cell, by proton exchange membrane, Catalytic Layer, gas diffusion layers group
At playing conclusive effect to the performance of fuel cell.The performance of MEA is also close with structure in addition to having outside the Pass with raw material
Correlation, therefore the preparation method of MEA is studied very necessary.
Membrane electrode assembly is prepared by spraying or inkjet printing, available more loose catalyst layer, this is conducive to
The transmission and diffusion of reaction gas are following one of the trend.
However problems of the prior art include at least: there are deformation, structure are uneven for film electrode structure obtained
Even problem, and need outer clamp to assist in manufacturing process, it is at high cost, it is inconvenient for operation.In view of this, it is necessary to provide
A kind of production method that membrane electrode assembly is novel.
Summary of the invention
In order to overcome the problems of the prior art, some example embodiments conceived according to the present invention provide a kind of combustion
Expect the production method of cell membrane electrode assemblies, comprising:
After proton exchange membrane and breathable films are superimposed up and down, it is adsorbed in vacuum suction table top, the proton exchange membrane table
Face definition has target area and fringe region;
Configured catalyst ink is applied to the target area.
In the technical solution, proton exchange membrane is adsorbed by negative-pressure adsorption mode and is fitted in breathable films surface, one
Aspect avoids the fixed form of proton exchange membrane clamping, reduces costs;On the other hand, due to the presence of breathable films,
Proton exchange membrane is solved the problems, such as because non-reversible deformation is occurred by vacuum adsorption table active force.
Baffle is covered in matter before applying catalyst ink by some example embodiments conceived according to the present invention
Proton exchange surface,
Window corresponding with the target area is offered on baffle.
Further, baffle uses airtight film flexible, it is preferred to use the glass fibre coated with polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE)
Cloth, baffle extend around the edge of proton exchange membrane, and are adsorbed on vacuum adsorption table surface or breathable films surface.
In the technical solution, baffle uses fexible film, one aspect can be adsorbed by vacuum adsorption table and is fitted in very
Empty absorptive table surface or breathable films surface avoid the use of outer clamp, reduce installation cost;On the other hand, baffle
It, can also be to avoid the abrasion on confrontation proton exchange surface using fexible film;Another aspect, baffle use laminating type by matter
Proton exchange is extruded in breathable films surface, further decreases the risk of proton exchange membrane displacement and deformation.
The some example embodiments conceived according to the present invention, breathable films are the macromolecule membrane with a large amount of micropores,
Micropore is uniformly distributed, and the micropore size range is 0.1 micron~500 microns.
In the technical solution, the setting of micropore size, it is ensured that adsorb the uniform of stress, preferably keep diaphragm constant
Shape.
The some example embodiments conceived according to the present invention, the breathable films and the baffle are at 80 DEG C~120 DEG C
It keeps stablizing in range.
Stabilization at this refers to thermal stability, and the deformation of object under the influence of the temperature is smaller, and stability is higher.The reality
Apply in mode, breathable films and the baffle within the scope of 80 DEG C~120 DEG C can it is indeformable, do not decompose.
In summary compared with the prior art, the advantages of the present invention are as follows:
Due to the presence of breathable films, solve the problems, such as that proton exchange membrane is easy to happen non-reversible deformation.And it is made
Standby Surface modification of proton exchange membrane is smooth, and roughness is low.In addition, membrane electrode assembly structure prepared by the present invention is uniform, and prepare
Technique is low in cost without customizing special grinding tool, easy to operate.
Detailed description of the invention
In order to illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application or in the prior art more clearly, to embodiment or will show below
There is attached drawing needed in technical description to be briefly described, it should be apparent that, the accompanying drawings in the following description is only this
The some embodiments recorded in application, for those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts,
It is also possible to obtain other drawings based on these drawings.
Fig. 1 show membrane electrode assembly production schematic diagram in the specific embodiment of the invention (before ink applies);
Fig. 2 show the structural schematic diagram of baffle in the specific embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 3 show membrane electrode assembly production schematic diagram (vacuum adsorption table suction function) in the specific embodiment of the invention
Fig. 4 show membrane electrode assembly production schematic diagram in the specific embodiment of the invention (ink applies a surface);
Fig. 5 show membrane electrode assembly production schematic diagram in the specific embodiment of the invention 1 (ink applies two surfaces);
Fig. 6 show the AFM pattern schematic diagram of the membrane electrode made in the specific embodiment of the invention 1;
Fig. 7 show the AFM pattern schematic diagram of the membrane electrode made in comparative example 1.
Specific embodiment
The present invention will be more fully appreciated by the following specific embodiments that should be read together with institute's accompanying drawings.Herein
It is middle to disclose specific embodiment of the invention;However, it should be understood that revealed embodiment only has demonstration of the invention, the present invention
It can embody in a variety of manners.Therefore, specific function details disclosed herein is not interpreted as limiting, but only
It is construed to the basis of claims and is construed to for teaching those skilled in the art in fact any appropriate detailed
Representative basis of the invention is used in embodiment in different ways.
It can be used for electrochemical cell, such as fuel cell according to the membrane electrode assembly (MEA) of the present embodiment.
MEA is Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells, such as the center part of hydrogen fuel cell.Fuel cell is for example, by hydrogen
The catalyzed combination of the fuel of gas and oxidant such as oxygen generates the electrochemical cell of available power.
Typical MEA includes proton exchange membrane (PEM) (also referred to as ion-conducting membrane (ICM)), is used as solid electrolytic
Matter.A face of PEM is contacted with anode electrode layer, and opposite one side is contacted with negative electrode layer.In typical applications, in anode
Place forms proton and be transported to cathode by PEM by hydroxide reacts with oxygen, so that flowing through in the external circuit of connection electrode
Electric current.Each electrode layer includes electrochemical catalyst, typically comprises platinum.The PEM forms resistance between reaction gas
, non-porous, non-conductive mechanical barrier, but it is also easy to transmitting H+ ion.
Gas diffusion layers (GDL) are conducive to reach and leave the gas conveying of anode and cathode electrode material, and conduct
Electric current.GDL is both porous and conductive, and is typically made of carbon fiber.GDL can also be called fluid transport layer
(FTL) or diffuser/current collector (DCC).
In some embodiments, anode and cathode electrode layer is coated to GDL to form the back sheet of catalyst coated
(CCB), resulting CCB, which is sandwiched in PEM, forms five layer MEAs.Five layers of five layer MEAs are successively are as follows: anode GDL, anode electrode
Layer, PEM, negative electrode layer and cathode GDL.
In other embodiments, anode electrode layer and negative electrode layer are respectively applied in two sides of PEM, gained
The film (CCM) of catalyst coated be clipped between two layers of GDL and form five layer MEAs.
Any suitable GDL can be used for implementing the present invention.Typically, GDL is made of the flaky material comprising carbon fiber.
Typically, GDL is carbon fiber constructions, selected from woven carbon fibre construction and non-woven carbon fiber construction.It can be used for implementing the present invention
Carbon fiber constructions can include: TorayTM carbon paper, SpectraCarbTM carbon paper, AFNTM non-woven carbon cloth, ZoltekTM carbon cloth
Etc..GDL can apply or impregnate a variety of materials, including carbon particle coatings, hydrophilic treated and hydrophobic treatment, such as use polytetrafluoroethyl-ne
Alkene (PTFE) coating.
Embodiment 1
In conjunction with shown in Fig. 1 to Fig. 5, in one embodiment of the application, a kind of production method of membrane electrode assembly is provided, comprising:
(1), a vacuum adsorption table 1 is provided, which has a horizontal support surface;
(2), breathable films 2 are layed on support surface;
(3), proton exchange membrane 3 is layed on 2 surface of breathable films;
(4), the baffle 4 that will have window 41, be covered in the top of proton exchange membrane 3, and by the quasi- catalyst ink that applies
Region is exposed;
(5), in a heated condition, catalyst ink 6 is applied to a table of proton exchange membrane 3 by ultrasonic nozzle 5
Fig. 4 is joined in face;
(6), membrane structure 3 is overturn, in a heated condition, catalyst ink 6 is applied to by membrane structure by ultrasonic nozzle 5
Fig. 5 is joined on 3 another surface.
In the technical solution, breathable films 2 preferably use filter paper or polyolefins ventilated membrane.Breathable films can also change into
Other meet smooth, ventilation requirement material.
In the technical solution, baffle 4 is preferably polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) coated glass fiber cloth.Linear expansion system can also be used
Number is smaller and has other thin-film materials of certain flexibility.
For mold baffle, select thin-film material come do baffle have the advantage that it is low in cost, do not need specially
Door custom mold can be easily processed into ideal size according to demand, be not susceptible to become with the relative position of proton exchange membrane
It is dynamic.
In the technical solution, by heating, it can solve catalyst pulp and be applied to film contraction or molten in proton exchange membrane
Swollen problem.Heating method can be one of heat transfer, heat radiation and thermal convection or a variety of.
In other embodiments, catalyst ink can also use non-ultrasonic power, including inkjet printing, craft and machinery
Method, including manual brush, notch bar painting, the painting of fluid bearing die coating, wire rod, fluid bearing coating, slot-fed blade coating, three rollers
Coating or decal transfer.Coating can be completed once or repeatedly be completed.
Catalyst ink can be applied to multiple layers, and every layer of composition having the same or certain layers have different compositions.
Catalyst ink typically comprises polymer electrolyte, can be the identical or different polymer electrolytic comprising PEM
Material.Catalyst ink typically comprises the catalyst granules dispersion in polymer dielectric dispersion.Ink is typically
Solid (such as polymer and catalyst) comprising 5-30% more typically includes the solid of 10-20%.Electrolyte dispersion is logical
It is often water-borne dispersions, can extraly includes pure and mild polyalcohol, such as glycerol and ethylene glycol.It is adjustable water, pure and mild more
The content of first alcohol is to change the rheological characteristic of ink.Ink typically comprises the polyalcohol of the pure and mild 0-20% of 0-50%.In addition, black
Water may include the suitable dispersant of 0-2%.
Breathable films, proton exchange membrane and baffle are secured firmly to vacuum suction by vacuum suction by the present embodiment
On table top.Due to the presence of breathable films, solving proton exchange membrane can not because being occurred by vacuum adsorption table active force
The problem of inverse deformation.
The AFM pattern of membrane electrode made by embodiment 1 is joined shown in Fig. 6, and whole roughness root mean square (RMS) is
271.970nm, the peak value (Max) relative to datum level are 1.136 μm, and valley (Min) is -0.856 μm.
Embodiment 2
Compared with Example 1, baffle 4 can be not provided in the present embodiment, the application of catalyst ink can use scraper
Coating, spraying, slot coated, hairbrush coating etc..
After forming, catalyst film can anneal, typically at 120 DEG C or higher, more typically at 130 DEG C or higher,
Most typically at 150 DEG C or higher.
Comparative example 1
Compared with Example 1, breathable films are not provided with, the AFM pattern of membrane electrode obtained is joined shown in Fig. 7.Its is coarse
Spending root mean square (RMS) is 389.066nm, and the peak value (Max) relative to datum level is 1.643 μm, and valley (Min) is -1.973 μ
m。
Each aspect of the present invention, embodiment, feature and example should be regarded as to be illustrative and is not intended to limit in all respects
The system present invention, the scope of the present invention are only defined by tbe claims.Without departing substantially from the spirit and scope of the present invention advocated
In the case of, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that other embodiments, modification and use.
The use of title and chapters and sections is not intended to limit the present invention in this application;Each chapters and sections can be applied to the present invention
Any aspect, embodiment or feature.
Present application in the whole text in, composition is being described as have, containing or comprising in place of specific component or will
Process description is in place of having, containing or comprising particular procedure step, it is contemplated that the composition of teachings of this disclosure is also substantially by institute
Narration component composition is made of described component, and the process of teachings of this disclosure is also substantially made of described process steps
Or it is made of described process steps group.
In this application, by element or component be known as being contained in and/or selected from described element or the component list it
Place, it should be appreciated that the element or component can by described any one of element or component and can be selected from by described element or
The group of the two in component or both composition described above.Furthermore, it is to be understood that in the spirit and scope without departing substantially from teachings of this disclosure
In the case of, the element and/or feature of composition described herein, equipment or method can combine in various ways regardless of this
Explanation is clearly stated or implied in text.
Unless otherwise specific statement, otherwise term " include (include, includes, including) ", " have
The use of (have, has or having) " is it is generally understood that be open and without limitation.
Unless otherwise specific statement, otherwise the use of odd number herein includes plural (and vice versa).In addition, on unless
It clearly provides additionally below, otherwise singular " one (a, an) " and " (the) " include plural form.In addition, in art
The use of language " about " place before magnitude, unless otherwise specific statement, otherwise teachings of this disclosure further includes particular magnitude itself.
It should be understood that the order of each step or the order of execution specific action are not particularly significant, as long as teachings of this disclosure is protected
Holding can operate.In addition, two or more steps or movement can be carried out simultaneously.
It should be understood that each figure of the invention and explanation are simplified to illustrate and be clearly understood that related member to of the invention
Part, and other elements are eliminated for clarity purpose.However, those skilled in the art will realize that these and other is first
Part can be desirable.However, since this class component is in this technology it is well known that and since it does not promote to of the invention
It is best understood from, therefore the discussion to this class component is not provided herein.It will be appreciated that each figure is to be in for diagram illustrating property purpose
Now and not as structural pattern.Institute's omissions of detail and modification or alternate embodiment are in the range of those skilled in the art.
It can be appreciated that can replace single component by multiple components in certain aspects of the present disclosure and can be replaced by single component
Multiple components are changed to provide an element or structure or execute one or several given function.It will not operate in addition to substituting herein with reality
Other than trampling in place of the particular embodiment of the present invention, this substitution is considered as within the scope of the invention.
Although describing the present invention with reference to an illustrative embodiment, those skilled in the art will appreciate that, it is not carrying on the back
Various other changes can be made in the case where from spirit and scope of the present invention, are omitted and/or are added and can use substantial equivalents
Substitute the element of the embodiment.In addition, many modifications can be made without departing substantially from the scope of the present invention so that specific
Situation or material adapt to teachings of the present invention.Therefore, it is not to restrict the invention to herein for executing institute of the invention
Specific embodiment is disclosed, and being intended to makes the present invention by all implementations comprising falling within the scope of the appended claims
Example.In addition, removing non-specific statement, otherwise any use of term first, second etc. does not indicate any order or importance, but
An element and another element are distinguished using term first, second etc..
Claims (10)
1. a kind of production method of fuel cell membrane electrode assembly characterized by comprising
After proton exchange membrane and breathable films are superimposed up and down, it is adsorbed in vacuum suction table top, the Surface modification of proton exchange membrane is fixed
Justice has target area and fringe region;
Configured catalyst ink is applied to the target area.
2. the production method of fuel cell membrane electrode assembly according to claim 1, which is characterized in that apply catalyst ink
Before water, baffle is covered in Surface modification of proton exchange membrane,
Window corresponding with the target area is offered on baffle.
3. the production method of fuel cell membrane electrode assembly according to claim 2, which is characterized in that the four of the baffle
Extend the edge of proton exchange membrane week, and is adsorbed on vacuum adsorption table surface or breathable films surface.
4. the production method of fuel cell membrane electrode assembly according to claim 2 or 3, which is characterized in that baffle uses
Airtight film flexible.
5. the production method of fuel cell membrane electrode assembly according to claim 4, which is characterized in that baffle is using coating
There is the glass fabric of polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE).
6. the production method of fuel cell membrane electrode assembly according to claim 2, which is characterized in that the breathable films
It keeps stablizing within the scope of 80 DEG C~120 DEG C with the baffle.
7. the production method of fuel cell membrane electrode assembly according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the breathable films
For the macromolecule membrane with micropore, the micropore size range is 0.1 micron~500 microns.
8. the production method of fuel cell membrane electrode assembly according to claim 1 or claim 7, which is characterized in that described ventilative
Film is filter paper or polyolefins ventilated membrane.
9. the production method of fuel cell membrane electrode assembly according to claim 1, which is characterized in that catalyst ink is logical
The mode for crossing ultrasound spraying or inkjet printing is applied to Surface modification of proton exchange membrane.
10. the according to claim 1, production method of fuel cell membrane electrode assembly described in 2,7 or 9, which is characterized in that applying
Before adding catalyst ink, Surface modification of proton exchange membrane is heated.
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Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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CN110993996A (en) * | 2019-12-27 | 2020-04-10 | 武汉船用电力推进装置研究所(中国船舶重工集团公司第七一二研究所) | Carbon paper hydrophobic pretreatment system |
CN111082110A (en) * | 2019-12-27 | 2020-04-28 | 武汉船用电力推进装置研究所(中国船舶重工集团公司第七一二研究所) | Method and equipment for manufacturing membrane electrode of fuel cell |
CN112421056A (en) * | 2020-11-18 | 2021-02-26 | 江苏耀扬新能源科技有限公司 | Novel fuel cell membrane electrode and preparation method thereof |
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