CN110145919A - A kind of power-economizing method of recirculating cooling water system - Google Patents
A kind of power-economizing method of recirculating cooling water system Download PDFInfo
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- CN110145919A CN110145919A CN201910536828.1A CN201910536828A CN110145919A CN 110145919 A CN110145919 A CN 110145919A CN 201910536828 A CN201910536828 A CN 201910536828A CN 110145919 A CN110145919 A CN 110145919A
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- heat exchanger
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25D—REFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F25D17/00—Arrangements for circulating cooling fluids; Arrangements for circulating gas, e.g. air, within refrigerated spaces
- F25D17/02—Arrangements for circulating cooling fluids; Arrangements for circulating gas, e.g. air, within refrigerated spaces for circulating liquids, e.g. brine
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of recirculating cooling water system power-economizing methods, comprising: S1, provides admissible maximum multiplexing water, each heat exchanger cold-side inlet and cold side outlet permission temperature range;S2, the heat exchange demand that the heat exchanger is calculated according to hot end parameter;S3, the cooling water inflow range for calculating heat exchanger needs;S4, cold-side inlet and cold side outlet increase source node and sink nodes in each heat exchanger, set each heat exchanger cold-side inlet multiplexing water, are multiplexed the multiplexing water that water quantity balance determines each cold side outlet according to heat exchanger cold-side inlet;S5, the water for acquiring the raw water that each heat exchanger need to use and, optimization make its minimum, determine that each heat exchanger cold-side inlet receives the multiplexing water of other heat exchangers;S6, the parameter designing heat exchanger obtained according to optimization.This method is multiplexed the cooling water after other heat exchanger uses, reduces total carrying capacity of recirculating cooling water system, and so as to reduce its water delivery energy consumption, the cooling efficiency of cooling tower can also be given full play to because improving return water temperature.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to industrial energy saving field, in particular to a kind of power-economizing method of recirculating cooling water system.
Background technique
Steel, non-ferrous metal, chemical industry, building materials, PETROLEUM PROCESSING, the big highly energy-consuming trade of electric power six are the big of China's energy-consuming
Family occupies nearly the 70% of national industrial total energy consumption.Realize these highly energy-consuming trade energy-saving and emission-reduction, it is necessary to improve its energy
Utilization efficiency.Industrial circulating cooling water system is the process system largely used in industrial enterprise, and energy consumption tends to take up industry
20% or more of electricity consumption, the energy conservation of system facilitate the energy-saving and emission-reduction and enhancing industrial competition of industrial enterprise.
Typically, recirculating cooling water system is made of equipment such as water pump, valve, heat exchanger, cooling towers, therein direct
Power consumption object is the motor of the blower of water pump and cooling tower, but valve, heat exchanger and cooling tower are consuming these electricity indirectly
Energy.
Summary of the invention
The water that water pump and blower power consumption and system are conveyed is positively correlated, for this purpose, as can making full use of the cooling of cooling water
Ability reduces system carrying capacity, is then able to achieve energy saving of system, for this purpose, present applicant proposes a kind of recirculating cooling water system energy conservations
Heat exchanger is arranged to series-parallel structure type by method, and a part of heat exchanger water is enable to reuse, to reduce and be
System water consumption.
Technical scheme is as follows: a kind of power-economizing method of recirculating cooling water system, comprising the following steps:
S1, admissible maximum multiplexing water, each heat exchanger cold-side inlet and cold side outlet permission temperature range are provided;
S2, the heat exchange demand that the heat exchanger is calculated according to each heat exchanger hot end parameter;
S3, the heat exchange demand according to the temperature range and heat exchanger of each heat exchanger cold-side inlet and cold side outlet, meter
Calculate the cooling water inflow range of heat exchanger needs;
S4, cold-side inlet and cold side outlet increase source node and sink nodes in each heat exchanger, it is cold to set each heat exchanger
Multiplexing water of the end entrance from other heat exchangers, multiplexing water of any heat exchanger cold-side inlet from other heat exchangers with should
Heat exchanger uses the sum of water of raw water as the total Water of the heat exchanger cold-side inlet, is multiplexed water according to heat exchanger cold-side inlet
The source of amount determines the multiplexing water of each heat exchanger cold side outlet;
S5, the water for acquiring the raw water that each heat exchanger need to use and, by optimization make its minimum, determine each heat exchanger cold end
Entrance receives the multiplexing water of other heat exchangers;
S6, according to optimization obtained each heat exchanger cold-side inlet total Water, water temperature and exit water temperature and hot end parameter,
Design heat exchanger.The heat exchange demand determination process of the heat exchanger of step S2 be according to the law of thermodynamics, by the flow of known heating agent,
Temperature difference and the calculated heat exchange amount of specific heat capacity before and after exchanging heat.The cooling water inflow range of step S3 be according to the law of thermodynamics,
By total heat exchange amount of heating agent, the minimum and maximum temperature difference that allows between heat exchanger cold-side inlet and cold side outlet and cooling water
What specific heat capacity was calculated.The calculating process of step S4 is as follows:
Firstly, the cold-side inlet and cold side outlet in each heat exchanger increase source node and sink nodes, each heat exchanger are equal
It is subjected to the cooling water of other heat exchanger cold side outlets, which can also provide multiplexing water to other heat exchangers
Amount;
Secondly, it is assumed that the multiplexing water that the heat exchanger is provided to other heat exchangers;
Third calculates the total Water for entering the heat exchanger, it is by the multiplexing water from other heat exchanger cold ends and is somebody's turn to do
The sum of water of raw water that heat exchanger uses composition;
4th, which is multiplexed the summation of water, and the sum of the water for being directly output to cooling tower, should be with
Total Water into the heat exchanger is equal.The design of heat exchanger of step S5 is the heat exchanger cold-side inlet temperature determined according to step S4
Degree and cold side outlet temperature and heat exchange amount calculate the heat exchange area of heat exchanger, then form entire heat exchange by component combination
Device.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 heat exchanger mixing point and shunting point diagram;
The Tube Sheet of Heat Exchanger web frame that Fig. 2 is designed.
Specific embodiment
The known parameters of industrial circulating cooling water system design are that industrial system needs cooling heating medium parameter, including entrance
The type of temperature, outlet temperature, mass flow and heating agent.Its corresponding heat transfer coefficient can be determined according to the type of heating agent,
The relevant parameters such as specific heat capacity, so as to calculate total heat exchange amount of different heating agents in industrial system.
It, can be true according to design experiences according to the entrance of heating agent, outlet temperature and total heat exchange amount, and local meteorological condition
The temperature range of heat exchanger refrigerant (generally cooling water) permission is made, so that total heat exchange area of heat exchanger is calculated, by
Plate combines to obtain designed heat exchanger.
The implementation of the power-economizing method proposed is introduced below in conjunction with attached drawing.
Attached drawing 1 is recirculating cooling water system heat exchanger mixing point and shunting point diagram.Dot in figure indicates source node.It is square
Shape indicates sink nodes.HE i and HE j are two heat exchangers, it is assumed that the number of heat exchanger is n in system, in each exchanger
Sink nodes, the cooling water that water is sent by a part from water pump and a part multiplexing water from other heat exchangers mix.In order to
Facilitate expression, entire recirculating cooling water system is indicated with A-F node.Its interior joint A is the Egress node of cooling tower, and
The start node of heat-exchange network design.Node B is source node, the water that water pump exports is shunted, unequally by water flow
Distribute to various heat exchange device.C (i) and D (i) is the cold-side inlet and cold side outlet node of heat exchanger i.Node E is sink nodes, section
Point F is the Ingress node of cooling tower, is the terminal note of heat exchanger network.
S1, according to basic condition and atmospheric condition, providing each heat exchanger cold-side inlet and cold side outlet allows temperature range,
Meanwhile considering the complexity of heat exchanger pipe network, the admissible maximum multiplexing branch's number N of limitation heat exchangermax;Here basis
Condition includes cooling temperature required for heat exchange heating agent, i.e., how many degree can be dropped to from how many degree by heat medium temperature after heat exchanger,
This is the condition that production technology proposes;Again by the basic design principles of thermal conduction study, general refrigerant minimum temperature is minimum than heating agent
Low 3 degree of temperature or more, refrigerant maximum temperature also can be 3 degree lower than heating agent maximum temperature or more.Maximum multiplexing branch's number NmaxDepending on transformation
Admissible complexity determines that numerical value is fewer, and pipeline transformation is also simpler, silent to be recognized as more complex pipeline is transformed
2, i.e., it can only at most separate two;It should be understood, of course, that pipeline lower for the difficulty of transformation, NmaxIt may be alternatively provided as than 2
More numbers.
S2, heating agent parameter it is known that calculating the heat exchange demand of the heat exchanger according to each heat exchanger hot end parameter.According to heat
Conservation principle is measured, for some heat exchanger, the heat exchange amount of heating agent and the cooling heat of refrigerant answer identical, i.e. calculating formula one:
Q (i)=(Thin(i)-Thout(i))·Fcp(i)=(Tcout(i)-Tcin(i))·cpc·fc(i)。
Wherein Thin(i), Thout(i), Fcp(i) be respectively heating agent entrance, outlet temperature, heating agent mass flow and specific heat
The product of appearance.Tcin(i), Tcout(i), fc(i), cpc is respectively the entrance of cooling water, the quality stream of outlet temperature and cooling water
The specific heat capacity of amount and cooling water.
S3, it is changed according to heat exchanger in the temperature range and S2 of heat exchanger cold-side inlet each in S1 and cold side outlet
Heat demand (calculating formula one) calculates the cooling water inflow f of heat exchanger needsc(i) range;
S4, cold-side inlet and cold side outlet increase source node and sink nodes in each heat exchanger, the source section of a heat exchanger
Point can be connect with the sink nodes of other heat exchangers, and the heat exchanger is allowed to receive the multiplexing water from other heat exchangers, when
So, each heat exchanger is also subjected to the raw water from cooling tower, sets each multiplexing of the heat exchanger cold-side inlet from other heat exchangers
Water, multiplexing water of any heat exchanger cold-side inlet from other heat exchangers and the heat exchanger are made using the sum of water of raw water
For the total Water of the heat exchanger cold-side inlet, each heat exchanger cold end is determined according to the source that each heat exchanger cold-side inlet is multiplexed water
The multiplexing water of outlet;
Is realized for converge node of each heat exchanger before heat exchanger, entrance cooling water inflow send for water pump converging for water
The mixing for the multiplexing water that the raw water come and other heat exchangers provide, can obtain calculating formula two:
Wherein fin(i, j) is indicated by the mass flow of the multiplexing water of heat exchanger j to heat exchanger i, ftin(i) heat exchanger i is indicated
Receiving raw water water.
Similarly in the subsequent forking node of heat exchanger, by other heat exchangers of moisture dispensing, or it is fed directly to cooling tower,
The outlet cooling water inflow of each heat exchanger is the water and the sum of the water for being returned directly to cooling tower into other heat exchangers, that is, is counted
Formula three:
Wherein fout(i, j) is indicated by the mass flow of the reuse water of heat exchanger i to heat exchanger j, ftout(i) it indicates
The water for being directly output to cooling tower of heat exchanger i.
The multiplexing water for the heat exchanger j that heat exchanger i is obtained is equal with the multiplexing water by heat exchanger j to heat exchanger i.Count
Formula four: fin(i, j)=fout(j,i)。
Meanwhile for each source node and sink nodes, following energy conservation type, i.e. calculating formula five will be met:
Wherein tinIndicate heat exchanger cold end main entrance temperature;
Calculating formula six:
Wherein toutIndicate heat exchanger cold end general export temperature;
The total carrying capacity of recirculating cooling water system be directly entered heat exchanger cold end raw water water and, while be also each heat exchange
Device cold end is returned directly to the sum of water of cooling tower, i.e. calculating formula seven:
According to correlation formula above, be can be extrapolated according to calculating formula two, three, four each heat exchanger in point and
The flow of split point, according to calculating formula five, six, seven so that it is determined that the temperature of source node and sink nodes.Since heat exchanger may not
Need the cooling water of cooling tower, it is only necessary to the water re-using of other heat exchangers.Or water re-using is not needed, it is only necessary to cold
But the supplement water of tower.Therefore, it is necessary to the presence to system addition logical variable constraint, to pipeline section BC (i), C (i) D (j), D (i) E
It limits.Meet following constraint condition:
L(i)·Bin(i,j)≤fin(i,j)≤U(i)·Bin(i, j) calculating formula eight
L(i)·Bout(i,j)≤fout(i,j)≤U(i)·Bout(i, j) calculating formula nine
L(i)·Btin(i)≤ftin(i)≤U(i)·Btin(i) calculating formula ten
L(i)·Btout(i)≤ftout(i)≤U(i)·Btout(i) calculating formula 11
Bin(i, j)=Bout(i, j)=0 i=j calculating formula 12
In calculating formula 12, as i=j, multiplexing water itself is exported to itself, this is not allow.
Wherein L (i) and U (i) are respectively minimum discharge, the maximum stream flow for flowing through heat exchanger i, occurrence with according to step S3
The cooling water inflow f of calculatingc(i) range is corresponding;Bin(i,j)、Bout(i,j)、Btin(i,j)、Btout(i, j) is integer variable, is adopted
Indicate that 0 indicates without 1 indicates with 0,1.The reuse numbers of branches of heat exchanger needs to limit in a certain range, it may be assumed that
S5, the water for acquiring the raw water that each heat exchanger need to use and Σ ftin(i), its minimum is made by optimization, determination is respectively changed
Hot device cold-side inlet receives the multiplexing water of other heat exchangers.In the separate equations of front, in addition to general export temperature is to be confirmed,
Other temperature parameters all should be it is known, in addition to known to the flow of each heat exchanger heating agent, other flows are all calculated.
S6, according to optimization obtained each heat exchanger cold-side inlet total Water, water temperature and exit water temperature and hot end parameter,
Design heat exchanger.Heat exchange area Ar (i) can be calculated according to the temperature of source node and sink nodes, i.e. calculating formula 15:
Wherein Δin(i) and Δout(i) it is temperature difference, is calculated by following formula.H (i), hw are heat exchanger i and water
Heat transfer coefficient.
ΔTmin≤Thout(i)-Tcin(i)=Δin(i) calculating formula 16
ΔTmin≤Thin(i)-Tcout(i)=Δout(i) calculating formula 17
It is possible thereby to the heat exchange area of heat exchanger be calculated, to complete the design process of entire heat-exchange network.
Particularly, optimization process is illustrated with the embodiment of some recirculating cooling water system.Assuming that certain circulating cooling water system
Altogether there are four types of cooling heating agent is needed, relevant parameter is as shown in table 1.Various heat exchange device can be determined according to the parameter of heating agent
Total heat exchange amount, and then determine the heat exchange amount realized needed for the cooling water of various heat exchange device.
1 heating agent relevant parameter of table
According to basic condition and atmospheric condition, and consider the complexity of heat exchanger pipe network, the relevant setting ginseng of system
Number is as shown in table 2.L'(i in table 2) it is limit least quantity, it is the limits value to guarantee heat exchanger normal operation and setting.
2 relevant parameter table of table
According to the parameter of table 1,2, incorporated by reference to the formula of front, and existing optimal way is used, such as conventional mixing
Integral nonlinear program-ming method, can be solved with genetic algorithm, have ready-made module GAMS that can use in MATLAB.First in table 1,2
Variable assignments, then tentatively determine one group of feasible flow and Outlet Temperature value, constraint condition need to be met, then use genetic algorithm
Optimizing solves, and finally obtains the solution of unknown number.
According to implementation method above, the relevant parameter of determining refrigerant, and the B by obtaining can be calculatedinThe ginseng such as (i, j)
Number obtains the structure design of entire heat exchanger network, as shown in attached drawing 2 and table 3.
3 refrigerant relevant parameter of table
From attached drawing 2 it is found that under the premise of meeting each heat exchanger heat transfer requirements, heat exchanger 3 (heating agent 3 and cooling water into
The heat exchanger of row heat exchange) whole waters of heat exchanger 1 (heat exchanger that heating agent 1 and cooling water carry out heat exchange) have been used, and
And heat exchanger 3 also needs a part of water to be supplemented by water pump output raw water, to complete its heat transfer process.(the heat of heat exchanger 4
Matchmaker 4 and cooling water carry out the heat exchanger of heat exchange) cooling water by heat exchanger 2, (heating agent 2 and cooling water carry out the heat exchange of heat exchange
Device) it provides completely, i.e., after the outlet of heat exchanger 2 water first passes through heat exchanger 4, return again to cooling tower.
If the total Water consumption that system is calculated is 185.4kg/s, using this Shen using traditional parallel design
This power-economizing method please, water total amount consumption are 62.2kg/s, reduce 123.2kg/s than traditional design method.This design method
It can guarantee that system under the premise of meeting the heat exchange demand between each heat exchanger heating agent and cooling water, is effectively reduced system
Water consumption.The outlet mixing water temperature of heat exchanger network is 64.2 DEG C (parallel is 34.8 DEG C), and temperature is relatively high, thus
Be conducive to improve the cooling performance of cooling tower.It can be seen that the power-economizing method used using this patent, can be effectively reduced cooling system
Cooling water inflow needed for heat-exchange network, to achieve the purpose that reduction system water delivery energy consumption.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of power-economizing method of recirculating cooling water system, which comprises the following steps:
S1, admissible maximum multiplexing water, each heat exchanger cold-side inlet and cold side outlet permission temperature range are provided;
S2, the heat exchange demand that the heat exchanger is calculated according to each heat exchanger hot end parameter;
S3, the heat exchange demand according to the temperature range and each heat exchanger of each heat exchanger cold-side inlet and cold side outlet, calculate
The cooling water inflow range that each heat exchanger needs;
S4, cold-side inlet and cold side outlet increase source node and sink nodes in each heat exchanger, set each heat exchanger cold end and enter
Multiplexing water of the mouth from other heat exchangers, multiplexing water of any heat exchanger cold-side inlet from other heat exchangers and the heat exchange
Device uses the sum of water of raw water as the total Water of the heat exchanger cold-side inlet, is multiplexed water according to each heat exchanger cold-side inlet
Source determine the multiplexing water of each heat exchanger cold side outlet;
S5, the water for acquiring the raw water that each heat exchanger need to use and, by optimization make its minimum, determine each heat exchanger cold-side inlet
Receive the multiplexing water of other heat exchangers;
S6, according to optimization obtained each heat exchanger cold-side inlet total Water, water temperature and exit water temperature and hot end parameter, design
Heat exchanger.
2. a kind of power-economizing method for recirculating cooling water system that claims 1 are proposed, it is characterised in that: the heat exchange of step S2
The heat exchange demand determination process of device is according to the law of thermodynamics, by the flow of known heating agent, the temperature difference and specific heat of heat exchange front and back
Hold calculated heat exchange amount.
3. a kind of power-economizing method for recirculating cooling water system that claims 1 are proposed, it is characterised in that: the cooling of step S3
Water range is according to the law of thermodynamics, by total heat exchange amount of the heating agent of the heat exchanger, heat exchanger cold-side inlet and cold side outlet
Between the specific heat capacity of the minimum and maximum temperature difference and cooling water that allows be calculated.
4. a kind of power-economizing method for recirculating cooling water system that claims 1 are proposed, it is characterised in that: the calculating of step S4
Process is as follows:
Increase source node in the cold-side inlet and cold side outlet of each heat exchanger and sink nodes, each heat exchanger are subjected to other
The cooling water of heat exchanger cold side outlet, the heat exchanger cold side outlet can also provide multiplexing water to other heat exchangers;
Assuming that the multiplexing water that the heat exchanger is provided to other heat exchangers;
The total Water for entering the heat exchanger is calculated, it is by multiplexing water and heat exchanger use from other heat exchanger cold ends
The sum of the water of raw water composition;
The summation of heat exchanger cold side outlet multiplexing water is the heat exchanger cold end with the sum of water of cooling tower is directly output to
The total Water of outlet is equal with the total Water of the heat exchanger is entered.
5. a kind of power-economizing method for recirculating cooling water system that claims 1 are proposed, it is characterised in that: the heat exchange of step S5
Device design is to calculate heat exchange according to the step S4 heat exchanger cold-side inlet temperature determined and cold side outlet temperature and heat exchange amount
The heat exchange area of device, then entire heat exchanger is formed by component combination.
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