Oxygen content control system during low-load of boiler
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of boiler equipment, in particular to an oxygen content control system for a boiler under low load.
Background
The industrial boiler is an important heat energy power device, accounts for more than 98% of the total amount of boilers in China, and plays an indispensable role in national economic development and resident life.
The coal-fired boiler is a boiler using fuel coal, and refers to a thermal power plant which releases heat through combustion of the coal in a hearth and heats heat medium water or other organic heat carriers (such as heat transfer oil and the like) to a certain temperature (or pressure).
The coal-fired boiler can not continuously and stably operate due to low thermal load during production, usually the operation and the combustion are carried out for about 8 minutes, the operation is stopped for 18 minutes, the operation is carried out again, the furnace is stopped again, and the steps are repeated. Resulting in three types of emissions (SO) in the exhaust gas of boiler flue gas emission2、NOxDust), exceeds the maximum allowable emission standard.
Currently allowed maximum emission concentrations: SO (SO)2:200mg/m3;NOx:200mg/m3(ii) a Dust: 30mg/m3;
Actual boiler emissions at presentConcentration: SO (SO)2:8.8mg/m3;NOx:260mg/m3(ii) a Dust: 240mg/m3;
From the above emission concentration comparison, NOxAnd dust emission concentration has exceeded standard, wherein NO isxThe treatment can be realized by adding denitration outside the furnace by a third party, and the denitration outside the furnace meets the emission requirement; however, the dust emission exceeds standard by 8 times, the technology needs to be improved, one of the boiler emission smoke does not reach the standard, and the provincial and environmental protection departments can process the company.
For example, Chinese patent publication numbers are: CN208012081U, a coal-fired boiler announced in 26.10.2018, which comprises a boiler body and an automatic feeding device arranged outside the boiler body, wherein a second combustion chamber and a first combustion chamber which are arranged up and down are arranged in the boiler body, and the first combustion chamber and the second combustion chamber are communicated through a communicating pipe; an inclined fire grate is arranged below the inner part of the first combustion chamber, and a plurality of primary air inlet holes are formed in the side wall above the fire grate; a plurality of secondary air holes are formed in the circumferential direction of the communicating pipe, and the secondary air feeder is communicated with the secondary air holes through a secondary air inlet pipeline; a coal inlet is arranged on the boiler body above the high end of the fire grate, and a coal feeding tray of the automatic feeding device movably penetrates through the coal inlet and is arranged above the fire grate in a sliding manner. Although this coal fired boiler can be through carrying out the air distribution design to each part of boiler body, can be so that the fuel burning is abundant, improves the utilization ratio of fuel, and then fuel saving, the emission that produces after this boiler burning hardly satisfies the emission requirement.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention mainly aims to solve the problem that the emission requirement of the emission generated after the combustion of the boiler in the prior art is difficult to meet, and provides a system for controlling the oxygen content of the boiler at low load time, which can enable the emission generated after the combustion of the boiler to meet the emission requirement.
The purpose of the invention is mainly realized by the following scheme: the utility model provides an oxygen content control system during boiler low-load, includes boiler, chimney, forced draught blower and draught fan, the air intake department of forced draught blower be connected with first air-supply line, first air-supply line on install first air door electric actuator, the air outlet department of forced draught blower be connected with the second air-supply line, the second air-supply line on be connected with the boiler through a plurality of air inlet branch pipes, the boiler through the air intake connection on first air-out pipe and the draught fan, the air outlet department of draught fan be connected with the chimney through second air-out pipe, second air-out pipe and first air-supply line between be connected with the backwind pipe, the backwind pipe on be provided with butterfly valve and second air door electric actuator. The air inlet of the air feeder is connected with a first air inlet pipe, a first air door electric actuator is installed on the first air inlet pipe, the air outlet of the air feeder is connected with a second air inlet pipe, the second air inlet pipe is connected with a boiler through a plurality of air inlet branch pipes, the boiler is connected with the air inlet of the induced draft fan through a first air outlet pipe, the air outlet of the induced draft fan is connected with a chimney through a second air outlet pipe, a return air pipe is connected between the second air outlet pipe and the first air inlet pipe, a butterfly valve and a second air door electric actuator are arranged on the return air pipe, and the flow of fresh air entering the boiler can be adjusted through the first air door electric actuator additionally arranged at the tail end of the air inlet of the air feeder, so that the oxygen content required by complete combustion of a coal seam; the setting of the butterfly valve on the return air pipe can be started along with the starting of the air feeder, and the butterfly valve is closed along with the closing of the air feeder, thereby lightening the action frequency of the second air door electric actuating mechanism, ensuring the service life of the second air door electric actuating mechanism, reducing the maintenance cost of the second air door electric actuating mechanism, the second air door electric actuating mechanism can supply air to the furnace, enough air volume can ensure that the wind energy can blow out the coal bed, and the flame height can be improved, and meanwhile, the oxygen content in the furnace is suppressed under the condition of normal air distribution in the boiler.
Preferably, the air inlet branch pipe is connected with the boiler through a sealing connection device, the sealing connection device comprises an upper shell fixed on the boiler and a lower shell fixed on the air inlet branch pipe, a conical sealing cavity is arranged on the upper shell, the surface with the small diameter of the sealing cavity is arranged corresponding to the lower shell, a sealing block is connected on the side wall of the sealing cavity in a sliding manner, a connecting hole matched with the lower shell is formed in the sealing block, an air inlet hole used for communicating the interior of the boiler with the air inlet branch pipe is formed in the upper shell, a sealing groove is formed in one side, close to the upper shell, of the lower shell, a sealing ring is arranged in the sealing groove, an air bag is arranged at the bottom of the sealing groove, an air passage used for communicating the sealing groove with the outside is formed in the lower shell, and one end, far away from the sealing groove, of the air passage is positioned between the, the air bag is connected with the air passage through an air pipe. The air inlet branch pipe is connected with the boiler through a sealing connection device, the sealing connection device can improve the sealing performance when the air inlet branch pipe is connected with the boiler, the sealing connection device comprises an upper shell fixed on the boiler and a lower shell fixed on the air inlet branch pipe, a conical sealing cavity is arranged on the upper shell, one surface with a small diameter on the sealing cavity is arranged corresponding to the lower shell, a sealing block is connected on the side wall of the sealing cavity in a sliding manner and can slide along the side wall of the sealing cavity, a connecting hole matched with the lower shell is arranged on the sealing block, an air inlet hole for communicating the interior of the boiler with the air inlet branch pipe is arranged on the upper shell, a sealing groove is arranged on one side of the lower shell close to the upper shell, the sealing groove is annular, a sealing ring is arranged in the sealing groove, air bags are arranged at the bottom of the sealing groove, the number of the, the lower shell is provided with an air passage used for communicating the sealing groove with the outside, one end of the air passage far away from the sealing groove is positioned between the sealing ring and the air inlet hole, the air bag is connected with the air passage through an air pipe, when the air bag is installed, the lower shell is abutted against the bottom surface wall of the sealing cavity of the upper shell after penetrating through the connecting hole, the matching connection between the air inlet branch pipe and the boiler is realized through the connection between the upper shell and the lower shell, a gas flow channel in the air inlet branch pipe is arranged corresponding to the air inlet hole, when the air bag works, the joint between the side walls of the lower shell and the upper shell is used as a first heavy gas sealing protection, when gas flows out along the gap between the upper shell and the lower shell, the sealing ring can be used as a second heavy protection, when the gas flow is overlarge, the gas can flow into the air bag from the air passage, improve sealed effect, thereby if the gas flow is too big after passing the sealing washer, gas can flow on the medial surface of sealed piece, because the sealing washer is the toper, sealed piece can be tightly extruded under the pressure effect of gas between casing and sealed chamber down for gas can not reveal, improves sealed effect.
Preferably, the upper shell and the lower shell are connected through bolts. Go up between casing and the lower casing through bolted connection, it is all convenient to dismantle and maintain.
Preferably, the upper shell is provided with an upper bolt hole, the lower shell is provided with a lower bolt hole matched with the upper bolt hole, and the bolt is fixed between the upper bolt hole and the lower bolt hole. The upper shell is provided with an upper bolt hole, the lower shell is provided with a lower bolt hole matched with the upper bolt hole, and the bolt is fixed between the upper bolt hole and the lower bolt hole, so that the installation is very convenient.
Preferably, one side of the sealing ring, which is far away from the air bag, is in an arc shape with a central bulge. One side of the sealing ring, which is far away from the air bag, is in an arc shape with a convex center, so that the sealing ring can be attached to the wall of the sealing cavity more closely.
Preferably, the sealing block is in a conical shape matched with the sealing cavity. The sealing block is in a conical shape matched with the sealing cavity, so that the sealing effect of the sealing block is better.
Preferably, the butterfly valve is an electric butterfly valve. The butterfly valve is an electric butterfly valve, and the electric butterfly valve is controlled by a PLC program and is synchronous with the start and stop of the air feeder.
Therefore, the oxygen content control system at the time of low load of the boiler has the following advantages: the invention has simple structure, convenient operation and high automation degree, can reduce the oxygen content in the boiler, enables the boiler to discharge up to the standard and meets the relevant discharge requirement of environmental protection.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic view of the sealing connection device according to the present invention in a separated configuration.
Fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of the sealing connection device of the present invention when connected.
Fig. 4 is an enlarged view of a portion a of fig. 2.
Illustration of the drawings: 1-a first air door electric actuator, 2-a first air inlet pipe, 3-a blower, 4-a second air inlet pipe, 5-an air inlet branch pipe, 6-a sealing connecting device, 7-a boiler, 8-a first air outlet pipe, 9-an induced draft fan, 10-a second air outlet pipe, 11-a chimney, 12-a butterfly valve, 13-a sealing cavity, 14-an air inlet hole, 15-an upper bolt hole, 16-an upper shell, 17-a sealing block, 18-a connecting hole, 19-a lower shell, 20-a lower bolt hole, 21-an air inlet branch pipe, 22-a bolt, 23-a sealing ring, 24-an air passage, 25-an air pipe, 26-an air bag, 27-a sealing groove and 28-a return air pipe.
Detailed Description
The technical scheme of the invention is further specifically described by the following embodiments and the accompanying drawings.
Example 1:
as shown in figure 1, the oxygen content control system during low load of the boiler comprises a boiler 7, a chimney 11, a blower 3 and a draught fan 9, wherein an air inlet of the blower 3 is connected with a first air inlet pipe 2, a first air door electric actuator 1 is installed on the first air inlet pipe 2, an air outlet of the blower 3 is connected with a second air inlet pipe 4, the second air inlet pipe 4 is connected with the boiler 7 through a plurality of air inlet branch pipes 21, the boiler 7 is connected with an air inlet of the draught fan 9 through a first air outlet pipe 8, an air outlet of the draught fan 9 is connected with the chimney 11 through a second air outlet pipe 10, a return air pipe 28 is connected between the second air outlet pipe 10 and the first air inlet pipe 2, a butterfly valve 12 and a second air door electric actuator are arranged on the return air pipe 28, the butterfly valve 12 is an electric butterfly valve 12, the electric butterfly valve 12 is controlled by a PLC program and is synchronous with the start and stop of the blower 3, and the first air door electric actuator, the flow of fresh air entering the boiler 7 can be adjusted to ensure the oxygen content required by the complete combustion of the coal bed, but not provide excessive oxygen; the setting of butterfly valve 12 on return air duct 28 can start along with the start-up of forced draught blower 3, close along with the closing of forced draught blower 3, thereby lighten second air door electric actuator's action frequency, guarantee second air door electric actuator's life, reduce second air door electric actuator's cost of maintenance, second air door electric actuator can supply air to the stove, there is sufficient amount of wind just can guarantee that wind energy can blow out the coal seam, and can improve the flame height, suppress the interior oxygen content of stove under the condition of guaranteeing normal air distribution in the boiler 7 simultaneously, the aperture size of first air door electric actuator 1 and second air door electric actuator, adjust according to on-the-spot real-time parameter by the PLC control system in the control room, with boiler 7 flue gas oxygen content control at 10~12%, butterfly valve 12 in this embodiment chooses for use electronic butterfly valve 400 DN 12.
The air inlet branch pipe 21 is connected with the boiler 7 through the sealing connection device 6, the sealing connection device 6 can improve the sealing performance when the air inlet branch pipe 21 is connected with the boiler 7, as shown in fig. 2, 3 and 4, the sealing connection device 6 comprises an upper shell 16 fixed on the boiler 7 and a lower shell 19 fixed on the air inlet branch pipe 21, a conical sealing cavity 13 is arranged on the upper shell 16, one side of the sealing cavity 13 with a small diameter is arranged corresponding to the lower shell 19, a sealing block 17 is connected on the side wall of the sealing cavity 13 in a sliding manner, the sealing block 17 can slide along the side wall of the sealing cavity 13, the sealing block 17 is in a conical shape matched with the sealing cavity 13, so that the sealing effect of the sealing block 17 is better, a connecting hole 18 matched with the lower shell 19 is arranged on the sealing block 17, an air inlet hole 14 used for communicating the interior of the boiler 7 with the air inlet branch pipe 21 is arranged on the upper shell 16, a sealing groove 27 is, the sealing groove 27 is annular, the sealing ring 23 is arranged in the sealing groove 27, one side of the sealing ring 23 far away from the air bag 26 is arc-shaped with a convex center, so that the sealing ring 23 can be tightly attached to the wall of the sealing cavity 13, the air bag 26 is arranged at the bottom of the sealing groove 27, the number of the air bags 26 can be independent, the air bags 26 can also be distributed in the sealing groove 27 in an annular integral shape, the lower shell 19 is provided with an air passage 24 for communicating the sealing groove 27 with the outside, one end of the air passage 24 far away from the sealing groove 27 is positioned between the sealing ring 23 and the air inlet hole 14, the air bags 26 are connected with the air passage 24 through an air pipe 25, when in installation, the lower shell 19 is firstly propped against the bottom wall of the sealing cavity 13 of the upper shell 16 after passing through the connecting hole 18, the matched connection between the upper shell 16 and the lower shell 19 is realized, and the air inlet branch pipe, when the gas flows out along the gap between the upper shell 16 and the lower shell 19, the sealing ring 23 can be used as a second heavy gas sealing protection, when the gas flow is too large, the gas can flow into the air bag 26 from the air passage 24 along the air pipe 25, the air bag 26 is expanded to enable the sealing ring 23 to be tightly attached to the inner side wall of the sealing cavity 13 of the upper shell 16, the sealing effect is improved, if the gas flow is too large and passes through the sealing ring 23, the gas can flow onto the inner side surface of the sealing block 17, and the sealing block 17 can be tightly extruded between the lower shell 19 and the sealing cavity 13 under the pressure action of the gas due to the conical shape of the sealing ring 23, so that the gas cannot leak, and the sealing effect is improved.
The upper shell 16 and the lower shell 19 are connected through bolts 22, so that the disassembly and the maintenance are both convenient; an upper bolt hole 15 is formed in the upper shell 16, a lower bolt hole 20 matched with the upper bolt hole 15 is formed in the lower shell 19, and bolts are fixed between the upper bolt hole 15 and the lower bolt hole 20, so that the installation is very convenient.
It should be understood that this example is only for illustrating the present invention and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Further, it should be understood that various changes or modifications of the present invention may be made by those skilled in the art after reading the teaching of the present invention, and such equivalents may fall within the scope of the present invention as defined in the appended claims.