CN110144490A - A kind of compound copper bush of base steel and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
A kind of compound copper bush of base steel and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN110144490A CN110144490A CN201910541232.0A CN201910541232A CN110144490A CN 110144490 A CN110144490 A CN 110144490A CN 201910541232 A CN201910541232 A CN 201910541232A CN 110144490 A CN110144490 A CN 110144490A
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- base steel
- copper alloy
- cladding layer
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- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 174
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 174
- 241000227287 Elliottia pyroliflora Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 69
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 title claims abstract description 50
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- 238000005253 cladding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 94
- 229910000881 Cu alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 82
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 claims description 53
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 49
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 49
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims description 45
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims description 45
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 42
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000002356 single layer Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000005272 metallurgy Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 17
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000010970 precious metal Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 17
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 11
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 11
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 11
- 208000037656 Respiratory Sounds Diseases 0.000 description 9
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 9
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 9
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 description 9
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910001209 Low-carbon steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910000851 Alloy steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000906 Bronze Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000954 Medium-carbon steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010974 bronze Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009750 centrifugal casting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012459 cleaning agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- QRJOYPHTNNOAOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper gold Chemical compound [Cu].[Au] QRJOYPHTNNOAOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KUNSUQLRTQLHQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper tin Chemical compound [Cu].[Sn] KUNSUQLRTQLHQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229960000935 dehydrated alcohol Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000013505 freshwater Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001385 heavy metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000011031 large-scale manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013307 optical fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052718 tin Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C9/00—Alloys based on copper
- C22C9/02—Alloys based on copper with tin as the next major constituent
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C24/00—Coating starting from inorganic powder
- C23C24/08—Coating starting from inorganic powder by application of heat or pressure and heat
- C23C24/10—Coating starting from inorganic powder by application of heat or pressure and heat with intermediate formation of a liquid phase in the layer
- C23C24/103—Coating with metallic material, i.e. metals or metal alloys, optionally comprising hard particles, e.g. oxides, carbides or nitrides
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Laser Beam Processing (AREA)
- Powder Metallurgy (AREA)
- Other Surface Treatments For Metallic Materials (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention provides compound copper bushes of a kind of base steel and preparation method thereof, are related to metal surface field of engineering technology.The compound copper bush of base steel provided by the invention includes the copper alloy cladding layer of basic base steel axle sleeve and metallurgical bonding on the basic base steel sleeve lining；The copper alloy cladding layer includes the component of following mass percentage: Sn 4.5%~5.5%, P 0.03%~0.35%, surplus Cu.The compound copper bush of base steel provided by the invention, has saved the use of precious metal；And the metallurgical bonding of copper alloy cladding layer fuses together on basic base steel sleeve lining with steel matrix, intensity of the intensity close to steel bushing；Therefore the compound copper bush of base steel provided by the invention can significantly reduce cost compared with traditional monoblock type copper bush, cost decline nearly 40%, have the characteristics that saving outstanding, energy-saving and environmental protection, and be remarkably improved the intensity of axle sleeve.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to metal surface field of engineering technology, in particular to the compound copper bush of a kind of base steel and its preparation side
Method.
Background technique
Copper bush is widely used on various large-scale, heavy-duty machineries, is important set member mechanically.Copper bush is in machine
In important function first is that fixed and positioning, another main function is exactly to play the role of sliding bearing.
Copper bush is to be equipped with lot of trace metallic element by raw material of cathode copper, through high temperature sintering, passes through air pressure centrifugal casting
It makes and is process.Copper bush is high with hardness, wearability is good, is not likely to produce and kills the characteristics such as phenomenon, and has preferable casting
Performance and machinability are made, there is good corrosion resistance in atmosphere and fresh water, is lacking lubricant or is being lubricated with water quality
Under the conditions of agent, sliding property and self-lubricating property are good.
Copper bush obtains wide application in actual production, but there is following two main problem: (1)
Cost problem: copper alloy price is higher, and especially large-scale copper bush leads to high expensive since copper consumption is big；(2) strength problem:
Due to the material properties of copper alloy itself so that copper bush items mechanical property held compared with steel shaft it is much lower, due to asking for its intensity
Topic limits copper bush and widely applies.
How to reduce the cost of copper bush and improve the intensity of copper bush, broader applications will be obtained by becoming copper bush future
Have to the critical issue solved.
Summary of the invention
In view of this, the purpose of the present invention is to provide compound copper bushes of a kind of base steel and preparation method thereof.The present invention mentions
The compound copper bush of the base steel of confession significantly reduces axle sleeve cost, has saved precious metal compared with monoblock type copper bush；Simultaneously
Significantly improve the intensity of axle sleeve.
In order to achieve the above-mentioned object of the invention, the present invention the following technical schemes are provided:
The present invention provides a kind of compound copper bush of base steel, the compound copper bush of base steel includes basic base steel axle sleeve and smelting
Gold is in conjunction with the copper alloy cladding layer on the basic base steel sleeve lining；
The copper alloy cladding layer includes the component of following mass percentage: Sn 4.5%~5.5%, P0.03%~
0.35%, surplus Cu.
Preferably, the copper alloy cladding layer with a thickness of 3~4mm.
The present invention provides the preparation methods of the compound copper bush of base steel described in above technical scheme, comprising the following steps:
(1) method of laser melting coating is used on the basic base steel sleeve lining, to form copper alloy powder cladding molten
Coating；The copper alloy powder includes the component of following mass percentage:
Sn 4.5%~5.5%, P 0.03%~0.35%, surplus Cu；
(2) cladding layer is machined out, obtains the compound copper bush of base steel.
Preferably, the basic base steel axle sleeve adds the preparation method comprises the following steps: carrying out outer diameter, length and inner hole to seamless steel pipe
Work obtains basic base steel axle sleeve；The inner hole of the seamless steel pipe according to the big 6~8mm of internal diameter than required finished sleeve size
It is processed.
Preferably, the hot spot of laser melting coating is circular light spot in the step (1), and the diameter of the circular light spot is 3mm；
The scan power of the laser melting coating is 3000~3300W, and scanning speed is 800~1200mm/min；The laser melting coating
Overlapping rate is 30~50%.
Preferably, the laser melting coating in the step (1) is multilayer cladding, the single layer cladding of the laser melting coating with a thickness of
0.9~1.1mm.
Preferably, in the step (1) cladding layer with a thickness of 4.9~5.1mm.
Preferably, the granularity of copper alloy powder is 135~320 mesh in the step (1).
Preferably, mach unilateral processing capacity is 1~2mm in the step (2).
It preferably, further include being cleaned to the inner hole of basic base steel axle sleeve before the laser melting coating.
The present invention provides a kind of compound copper bushes of base steel, including basic base steel axle sleeve and metallurgical bonding are in the basic steel
Copper alloy cladding layer on base sleeve lining；The copper alloy cladding layer includes the component of following mass percentage: Sn
4.5%~5.5%, P 0.03%~0.35%, surplus Cu.The compound copper bush of base steel provided by the invention has saved valuable gold
The use of category；And the metallurgical bonding of copper alloy cladding layer fuses together on basic base steel sleeve lining with steel matrix, strong
Spend the intensity close to steel bushing；Therefore the compound copper bush of base steel provided by the invention can be shown compared with traditional monoblock type copper bush
Work reduces cost, cost decline nearly 40%, has the characteristics that saving outstanding, energy-saving and environmental protection, and be remarkably improved the strong of axle sleeve
Degree.
The present invention also provides the preparation methods of the compound copper bush of the base steel.The present invention is existed by the method for laser melting coating
The microstructure of surface cladding layer of metallurgical bonding copper alloy on base steel, formation is fine and close, fuses together with steel matrix, and intensity is closed compared with global copper
Gold will be higher by several grades, close to the intensity of steel bushing.Also, present invention saves the uses of precious metal, to significantly reduce
The cost of axle sleeve.Meanwhile method process provided by the invention is simple, condition is easily-controllable, it is easy to accomplish large-scale production.
Specific embodiment
The present invention provides a kind of compound copper bush of base steel, the compound copper bush of base steel includes basic base steel axle sleeve and smelting
Gold is in conjunction with the copper alloy cladding layer on the basic base steel sleeve lining.
The compound copper bush of base steel provided by the invention includes basic base steel axle sleeve.The present invention is to the basic base steel base steel axis
Set does not require particularly, using basic base steel axle sleeve well known in the art, its length and outer diameter is made to can satisfy required finished product
The size requirement of axle sleeve.
The compound copper bush of base steel provided by the invention includes that copper of the metallurgical bonding on the basic base steel sleeve lining closes
Golden cladding layer.In the present invention, the copper alloy cladding layer includes the component of following mass percentage: Sn4.5%~
5.5%, P 0.03%~0.35%, surplus Cu preferably include to include Sn5.0%, P 0.10%~0.30%, and surplus is
Cu.In the present invention, the thickness of the copper alloy cladding layer is preferably 3~4mm, more preferably 3.5mm.
Traditional monoblock type copper bush, copper consumption is big, at high cost；Simultaneously because the material properties of copper alloy itself, so that
The intensity of copper bush is lower.The compound copper bush of base steel provided by the invention, copper alloy and base steel are metallurgical bonding, and intensity is more whole
Body copper alloy will be higher by several grades, close to the intensity of steel bushing.Also, the compound copper bush of base steel provided by the invention has been saved expensive
The use of heavy metal, to significantly reduce the cost of axle sleeve.Therefore, the compound copper bush of base steel provided by the invention, with tradition
Monoblock type copper bush compare, can significantly reduce cost, cost decline nearly 40%, with it is outstanding save, the spy of energy-saving and environmental protection
Point；And it is remarkably improved the intensity of axle sleeve.
The present invention provides the preparation methods of the compound copper bush of base steel described in above scheme, comprising the following steps:
(1) method of laser melting coating is used on the basic base steel sleeve lining, to form copper alloy powder cladding molten
Coating；The copper alloy powder includes the component of following mass percentage:
Sn 4.5%~5.5%, P 0.03%~0.35%, surplus Cu；
(2) cladding layer is machined out, obtains the compound copper bush of base steel.
In the present invention, the basic base steel axle sleeve the preparation method comprises the following steps: carrying out outer diameter, length and inner hole to seamless steel pipe
Processing, obtains basic base steel axle sleeve.The present invention does not require the specific type of the seamless steel pipe particularly, using this field
The seamless steel pipes such as well known seamless steel pipe, such as 45 steel, mild steel, medium carbon steel, structural alloy steel, stainless steel.The present invention
Using the seamless steel pipe as base steel.In the present invention, the outer diameter of the seamless steel pipe, length are preferably respectively according to required finished product
The outer diameter and length dimension of axle sleeve are processed.In the present invention, the inner hole of the seamless steel pipe is preferably according to than required
The size of the big 6~8mm of the internal diameter of finished sleeve is processed；The size of the big 6~8mm of the internal diameter than required finished sleeve is
It considers subsequent cladding layer thickness and mach processing capacity and obtains.The present invention is not special to the method for the processing
Requirement, so that outer diameter, length and the inner hole of seamless steel pipe is reached the size using method well known in the art.
After obtaining basic base steel axle sleeve, the present invention is using the method for laser melting coating by copper alloy powder cladding on the basis
On base steel sleeve lining, cladding layer is formed.Before the laser melting coating, the present invention preferably carries out the inner hole of basic base steel axle sleeve
Cleaning.In the present invention, the cleaning is preferably dehydrated alcohol with cleaning agent, and the present invention removes basic base steel axle sleeve by cleaning
The impurity such as oxide, the greasy dirt of bore area.
In the present invention, the copper alloy powder includes the component of following mass percentage: Sn4.5%~5.5%, P
0.03%~0.35%, surplus Cu preferably include Sn5.0%, P 0.10%~0.30%, surplus Cu；In the present invention,
The conductivity and hardness of copper alloy after laser melting coating can be improved in the Sn；The P can reduce solubility of the hydrogen in copper, increase
The mobility of copper prevents hydrogen from reacting with Cu, avoids harm of the hydrogen to copper alloy at the same time as reducing agent；The Cu is copper
The main performance of the essential element of alloy, the copper alloy cladding layer after laser melting coating depends on Cu element.
The present invention preferably mixes described Sn, P and Cu, obtains the copper alloy powder；The present invention is to the mixed side
Formula does not require particularly, is uniformly mixed each component using method well known in the art.In the present invention, the copper closes
The granularity at bronze end is preferably 135~320 mesh, more preferably 200~300 mesh.In the present invention, the copper alloy powder is preferred
It is delivered in basic base steel axle sleeve using coaxial powder feeding apparatus；The present invention does not require the coaxial powder feeding apparatus particularly,
Using device well known in the art.
In the present invention, the diameter of the preferably circular hot spot of the hot spot of the laser melting coating, the circular light spot is preferably
3mm；The scan power of the laser melting coating is preferably 3000~3300W, more preferably 3100~3200W；Scanning speed is preferred
For 800~1200mm/min, more preferably 900~1100mm/min.In the present invention, the overlapping rate of the laser melting coating is preferred
It is 30~50%, more preferably 40%.In the present invention, the laser melting coating is preferably multilayer cladding, the laser melting coating
Single layer cladding thickness is preferably 0.9~1.1mm, more preferably 1.0mm.
In the present invention, the thickness of the cladding layer is preferably 4.9~5.1mm, more preferably 5.0mm.The present invention is preferred
The laser melting coating is carried out using jointed fiber laser, i.e., it is defeated by coaxial powder feeding apparatus using the cladding of jointed fiber laser
It is sent to the copper alloy powder of position, in the uniform cladding copper alloy of basic base steel sleeve lining, forms cladding layer；The present invention is to the company
Continuous optical fiber laser does not require particularly, using jointed fiber laser well known in the art.In the present invention, described
Laser melting coating heat input is small, and thermal deformation is small, and the microstructure of surface cladding layer of formation is fine and close, and is metallurgical bonding between cladding layer and matrix；Together
When, copper alloy powder composition adjustment is flexible, is suitble to quickly manufacture and remanufacture.The present invention prepares the conjunction of base steel copper using laser melting coating
Metal/composite material axle sleeve, exactly the performance above-mentioned advantage of laser melting coating, are made copper alloy composite material, alternative biography in steel matrix
System monoblock type copper bush, reduces costs, improves the stiffness and strength of axle sleeve.
After obtaining cladding layer, the present invention is machined out the cladding layer, obtains the compound copper bush of base steel.Carry out machine adds
The defects of before work, the present invention further preferably carries out surface dye penetrant inspection to the cladding layer, has detected whether crackle；Detection is qualified
Afterwards, it can be machined out；If detection is unqualified, need to remove cladding layer, again copper alloy powder described in cladding.In this hair
In bright, the mach unilateral processing capacity is preferably 1~2mm；After the machining, obtained in basic base steel sleeve lining
Meet the copper alloy cladding layer of thickness requirement.The present invention does not require the mach method particularly, using this field
Well known method.The present invention obtains surface smoothness by the machining and size is all satisfied the base steel complex copper of requirement
Axle sleeve.
Compound copper bush of base steel provided by the invention and preparation method thereof is described in detail below with reference to embodiment,
But they cannot be interpreted as limiting the scope of the present invention.
Embodiment 1
Firstly, selecting 45 steel seamless steel tubes as base steel；Seamless steel is processed by the outer diameter and length dimension of required axle sleeve
Pipe；Seamless steel pipe inner bore is processed according still further to the big 6mm of internal diameter for comparing axle sleeve；Using the good inner hole of absolute alcohol surface cleaning,
Remove the impurity such as oxide, the greasy dirt on seamless steel pipe inner bore surface；Prepare the compound copper bush copper alloy powder of base steel, each component
It is respectively as follows: Sn4.5%, P 0.03%, surplus Cu according to mass percent；The granularity of copper alloy powder is 135~320 mesh；
Copper alloy powder in place is conveyed by coaxial powder-feeding using the cladding of jointed fiber laser, it is uniform on seamless steel pipe internal wall surface
Cladding copper alloy, the technological parameter of laser melting coating are as follows: hot spot is round for diameter 3mm, scan power 3000W, and scanning speed is
800mm/min, overlapping rate 30%；Single layer laser melting coating with a thickness of 1mm, using multilayer cladding, obtained cladding layer thickness
5mm；The defects of is carried out by surface dye penetrant inspection, has detected whether crackle for cladding layer；To seamless steel pipe internal wall copper alloy cladding layer
Be machined out, unilateral processing capacity is 2mm, obtain surface smoothness and size, tolerance be all satisfied drawing requirement base steel it is compound
Copper bush.
Embodiment 2
Firstly, selecting 45 steel seamless steel tubes as base steel；Seamless steel is processed by the outer diameter and length dimension of required axle sleeve
Pipe；Seamless steel pipe inner bore is processed according still further to the big 8mm of internal diameter for comparing axle sleeve；Using the good inner hole of absolute alcohol surface cleaning,
Remove the impurity such as oxide, the greasy dirt on seamless steel pipe inner bore surface；Prepare the compound copper bush copper alloy powder of base steel, each component
It is respectively as follows: Sn5.5%, P 0.35%, surplus Cu according to mass percent；The granularity of copper alloy powder is 135~320 mesh；
Copper alloy powder in place is conveyed by coaxial powder-feeding using the cladding of jointed fiber laser, it is uniform on seamless steel pipe internal wall surface
Cladding copper alloy, the technological parameter of laser melting coating are as follows: hot spot is round for diameter 3mm, scan power 3300W, and scanning speed is
1200mm/min, overlapping rate 50%；Single layer laser melting coating with a thickness of 1mm, using multilayer cladding, obtained cladding layer thickness
5mm；The defects of is carried out by surface dye penetrant inspection, has detected whether crackle for cladding layer；To seamless steel pipe internal wall copper alloy cladding layer
Be machined out, unilateral processing capacity is 1mm, obtain surface smoothness and size, tolerance be all satisfied drawing requirement base steel it is compound
Copper bush.
Embodiment 3
Firstly, selecting 45 steel seamless steel tubes as base steel；Seamless steel is processed by the outer diameter and length dimension of required axle sleeve
Pipe；Seamless steel pipe inner bore is processed according still further to the big 6mm of internal diameter for comparing axle sleeve；Using the good inner hole of absolute alcohol surface cleaning,
Remove the impurity such as oxide, the greasy dirt on seamless steel pipe inner bore surface；Prepare the compound copper bush copper alloy powder of base steel, each component
It is respectively as follows: Sn4.5%, P 0.03%, surplus Cu according to mass percent；The granularity of copper alloy powder is 135~320 mesh；
Copper alloy powder in place is conveyed by coaxial powder-feeding using the cladding of jointed fiber laser, it is uniform on seamless steel pipe internal wall surface
Cladding copper alloy, the technological parameter of laser melting coating are as follows: hot spot is round for diameter 3mm, scan power 3200W, and scanning speed is
1200mm/min, overlapping rate 50%；Single layer laser melting coating with a thickness of 1mm, using multilayer cladding, obtained cladding layer thickness
5mm；The defects of is carried out by surface dye penetrant inspection, has detected whether crackle for cladding layer；To seamless steel pipe internal wall copper alloy cladding layer
Be machined out, unilateral processing capacity be 2mm, obtain surface smoothness, size and tolerance be all satisfied drawing requirement base steel it is compound
Copper bush.
Embodiment 4
Firstly, selecting 45 steel seamless steel tubes as base steel；Seamless steel is processed by the outer diameter and length dimension of required axle sleeve
Pipe；Seamless steel pipe inner bore is processed according still further to the big 8mm of internal diameter for comparing axle sleeve；Using the good inner hole of absolute alcohol surface cleaning,
Remove the impurity such as oxide, the greasy dirt on seamless steel pipe inner bore surface；Prepare the compound copper bush copper alloy powder of base steel, each component
It is respectively as follows: Sn5.0%, P 0.23%, surplus Cu according to mass percent；The granularity of copper alloy powder is 135~320 mesh；
Copper alloy powder in place is conveyed by coaxial powder-feeding using the cladding of jointed fiber laser, it is uniform on seamless steel pipe internal wall surface
Cladding copper alloy, the technological parameter of laser melting coating are as follows: hot spot is round for diameter 3mm, scan power 3000W, and scanning speed is
800mm/min, overlapping rate 30%；Single layer laser melting coating with a thickness of 1mm, using multilayer cladding, obtained cladding layer thickness
5mm；The defects of is carried out by surface dye penetrant inspection, has detected whether crackle for cladding layer；To seamless steel pipe internal wall copper alloy cladding layer
Be machined out, unilateral processing capacity is 1mm, obtain surface smoothness and size, tolerance be all satisfied drawing requirement base steel it is compound
Copper bush.
Embodiment 5
Firstly, selecting 45 steel seamless steel tubes as base steel；Seamless steel is processed by the outer diameter and length dimension of required axle sleeve
Pipe；Seamless steel pipe inner bore is processed according still further to the big 6mm of internal diameter for comparing axle sleeve；Using the good inner hole of absolute alcohol surface cleaning,
Remove the impurity such as oxide, the greasy dirt on seamless steel pipe inner bore surface；Prepare the compound copper bush copper alloy powder of base steel, each component
It is respectively as follows: Sn4.8%, P 0.13%, surplus Cu according to mass percent；The granularity of copper alloy powder is 135~320 mesh；
Copper alloy powder in place is conveyed by coaxial powder-feeding using the cladding of jointed fiber laser, it is uniform on seamless steel pipe internal wall surface
Cladding copper alloy, the technological parameter of laser melting coating are as follows: hot spot is round for diameter 3mm, scan power 3100W, and scanning speed is
900mm/min, overlapping rate 30%；Single layer laser melting coating with a thickness of 1mm, using multilayer cladding, obtained cladding layer thickness
5mm；The defects of is carried out by surface dye penetrant inspection, has detected whether crackle for cladding layer；To seamless steel pipe internal wall copper alloy cladding layer
Be machined out, unilateral processing capacity is 2mm, obtain surface smoothness and size, tolerance be all satisfied drawing requirement base steel it is compound
Copper bush.
Embodiment 6
Firstly, selecting low-carbon steel seamless steel tube as base steel；It is processed by the outer diameter and length dimension of required axle sleeve seamless
Steel pipe；Seamless steel pipe inner bore is processed according still further to the big 8mm of internal diameter for comparing axle sleeve；Using absolute alcohol surface cleaning it is good in
Hole removes the impurity such as oxide, the greasy dirt on seamless steel pipe inner bore surface；The compound copper bush copper alloy powder of base steel is prepared, respectively
Component is respectively as follows: Sn5.0%, P 0.33%, surplus Cu according to mass percent；The granularity of copper alloy powder is 135~320
Mesh；Copper alloy powder in place is conveyed by coaxial powder-feeding using the cladding of jointed fiber laser, on seamless steel pipe internal wall surface
Uniform cladding copper alloy, the technological parameter of laser melting coating are as follows: hot spot is diameter 3mm round, scan power 3300W, scanning speed
Degree is 1200mm/min, overlapping rate 50%；Single layer laser melting coating with a thickness of 1mm, using multilayer cladding, obtained cladding layer
Thickness 5mm；The defects of is carried out by surface dye penetrant inspection, has detected whether crackle for cladding layer；It is molten to seamless steel pipe internal wall copper alloy
Coating is machined out, and unilateral processing capacity is 1mm, obtains surface smoothness and size, tolerance are all satisfied the base steel of drawing requirement
Compound copper bush.
Embodiment 7
Firstly, selecting alloy structure steel seamless steel tube as base steel；It is processed by the outer diameter and length dimension of required axle sleeve
Seamless steel pipe；Seamless steel pipe inner bore is processed according still further to the big 6mm of internal diameter for comparing axle sleeve；It is good using absolute alcohol surface cleaning
Inner hole removes the impurity such as oxide, the greasy dirt on seamless steel pipe inner bore surface；The compound copper bush copper alloy powder of base steel is prepared,
Each component is respectively as follows: Sn 4.7%, P 0.30%, surplus Cu according to mass percent；The granularity of copper alloy powder be 135~
320 mesh；Copper alloy powder in place is conveyed by coaxial powder-feeding using the cladding of jointed fiber laser, in seamless steel pipe internal wall table
The uniform cladding copper alloy in face, the technological parameter of laser melting coating are as follows: hot spot is diameter 3mm round, scan power 3000W, scanning
Speed is 1150mm/min, overlapping rate 50%；Single layer laser melting coating with a thickness of 1mm, using multilayer cladding, obtained cladding
Thickness degree 5mm；The defects of is carried out by surface dye penetrant inspection, has detected whether crackle for cladding layer；To seamless steel pipe internal wall copper alloy
Cladding layer is machined out, and unilateral processing capacity is 2mm, obtains surface smoothness and size, tolerance are all satisfied the steel of drawing requirement
The compound copper bush of base.
Embodiment 8
Firstly, selecting stainless-steel seamless pipe as base steel；It is processed by the outer diameter and length dimension of required axle sleeve seamless
Steel pipe；Seamless steel pipe inner bore is processed according still further to the big 8mm of internal diameter for comparing axle sleeve；Using absolute alcohol surface cleaning it is good in
Hole removes the impurity such as oxide, the greasy dirt on seamless steel pipe inner bore surface；The compound copper bush copper alloy powder of base steel is prepared, respectively
Component is respectively as follows: Sn4.9%, P 0.28%, surplus Cu according to mass percent；The granularity of copper alloy powder is 135~320
Mesh；Copper alloy powder in place is conveyed by coaxial powder-feeding using the cladding of jointed fiber laser, on seamless steel pipe internal wall surface
Uniform cladding copper alloy, the technological parameter of laser melting coating are as follows: hot spot is diameter 3mm round, scan power 3200W, scanning speed
Degree is 1100mm/min, overlapping rate 40%；Single layer laser melting coating with a thickness of 1mm, using multilayer cladding, obtained cladding layer
Thickness 5mm；The defects of is carried out by surface dye penetrant inspection, has detected whether crackle for cladding layer；It is molten to seamless steel pipe internal wall copper alloy
Coating is machined out, and unilateral processing capacity is 1mm, obtains surface smoothness and size, tolerance are all satisfied the base steel of drawing requirement
Compound copper bush.
Strength test, the base steel complex copper of acetonideexample 1~8 are carried out to the compound copper bush of base steel obtained by Examples 1 to 8
Axle sleeve all has excellent intensity, much higher than the intensity of monoblock type copper bush.
The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, it is noted that for the ordinary skill people of the art
For member, various improvements and modifications may be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, these improvements and modifications are also answered
It is considered as protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of compound copper bush of base steel, which is characterized in that the compound copper bush of base steel includes basic base steel axle sleeve and metallurgy
The copper alloy cladding layer being incorporated on the basic base steel sleeve lining；
The copper alloy cladding layer includes the component of following mass percentage: Sn4.5%~5.5%, and P0.03%~
0.35%, surplus Cu.
2. the compound copper bush of base steel according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the copper alloy cladding layer with a thickness of 3
~4mm.
3. the preparation method of the compound copper bush of base steel as claimed in claim 1 or 2, which comprises the following steps:
(1) use the method for laser melting coating that copper alloy powder cladding on the basic base steel sleeve lining, is formed cladding layer；
The copper alloy powder includes the component of following mass percentage:
Sn4.5%~5.5%, P0.03%~0.35%, surplus Cu；
(2) cladding layer is machined out, obtains the compound copper bush of base steel.
4. preparation method according to claim 3, which is characterized in that the basis base steel axle sleeve the preparation method comprises the following steps: right
Seamless steel pipe carries out outer diameter, length and interior hole machined, obtains basic base steel axle sleeve；The inner hole of the seamless steel pipe is according to than required
The size of the big 6~8mm of the internal diameter of finished sleeve is processed.
5. preparation method according to claim 3, which is characterized in that the hot spot of laser melting coating is circle in the step (1)
Shape hot spot, the diameter of the circular light spot are 3mm；The scan power of the laser melting coating is 3000~3300W, and scanning speed is
800~1200mm/min；The overlapping rate of the laser melting coating is 30~50%.
6. the preparation method according to claim 3 or 5, which is characterized in that the laser melting coating in the step (1) is multilayer
Cladding, the single layer cladding of the laser melting coating is with a thickness of 0.9~1.1mm.
7. preparation method according to claim 3, which is characterized in that in the step (1) cladding layer with a thickness of 4.9~
5.1mm。
8. preparation method according to claim 3, which is characterized in that the granularity of copper alloy powder is in the step (1)
135~320 mesh.
9. preparation method according to claim 3, which is characterized in that mach unilateral processing capacity in the step (2)
For 1~2mm.
10. preparation method according to claim 3, which is characterized in that further include to basic base steel before the laser melting coating
The inner hole of axle sleeve is cleaned.
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