CN110144477A - A kind of Ag/Ti2The preparation method of AlNb self-lubricating gradient composites - Google Patents
A kind of Ag/Ti2The preparation method of AlNb self-lubricating gradient composites Download PDFInfo
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- CN110144477A CN110144477A CN201910436051.1A CN201910436051A CN110144477A CN 110144477 A CN110144477 A CN 110144477A CN 201910436051 A CN201910436051 A CN 201910436051A CN 110144477 A CN110144477 A CN 110144477A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
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- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/04—Making non-ferrous alloys by powder metallurgy
- C22C1/045—Alloys based on refractory metals
- C22C1/0458—Alloys based on titanium, zirconium or hafnium
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/04—Making non-ferrous alloys by powder metallurgy
- C22C1/047—Making non-ferrous alloys by powder metallurgy comprising intermetallic compounds
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
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Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of Ag/Ti2The preparation method of AlNb self-lubricating gradient composites, step 1, by Ag and Ti2AlNb base alloy powder carries out being mixed to get mixed powder；Step 2, the mixed powder is subjected to discharge plasma sintering, mixed powder layering is placed when discharge plasma sintering；Step 3, sintering is completed to obtain Ag/Ti2AlNb self-lubricating gradient composites.Preparation method of the invention, the Ag/Ti prepared2AlNb composite material, mechanical property is also improved while frictional behaviour improves.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to metal material manufacturing fields, and in particular to a kind of Ag/Ti2AlNb self-lubricating gradient composites
Preparation method.
Background technique
It is higher and higher to aeronautical material performance requirement as aviation industry rapidly develops, especially materials for aeroengines,
The further loss of weight of an urgent demand and the high-temperature service performance for improving material.Ti2AlNb based alloy have lightweight, temperature-room type plasticity it is good,
The advantages that fracture toughness height, creep resistant, fatigue and oxidation resistant, become one of preferred material of aero-engine.However,
When using Ti-Al system alloy as the high temperature kinematic pair components of aero-engine in use, lubrication and wear-resisting problem are that influence is whole
The principal element of a system reliability and service life.Such as turbogenerator and compressor shaft, gas turbine, compressor blade etc.
Key components and parts all refer to fretting wear.In running at high speed, tenon/tongue-and-groove connection structure turbo blade and wheel disc it
Between fine motion friction occurs, gently then influence service life of aeroengine, it is heavy then bring on a disaster.Therefore, the friction of Ti-Al system alloy is studied
Problem, it has also become Ti-Al system alloy one of bottleneck problem in the urgent need to address.Ag is mutually added to Ti as lubrication2In AlNb
Preferable tribological property can be made it have, but existing research shows that such method can reduce Ti2The mechanical property of AlNb based alloy
Energy.
Summary of the invention
In view of the deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention intends to provide a kind of Ag/Ti2AlNb self-lubricating gradient
The preparation method of composite material solves Ag in the prior art and meets as lubrication and make Ti2What AlNb based alloy mechanical property reduced
Technical problem.
In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problem, the present invention is realised by adopting the following technical scheme:
A kind of Ag/Ti2The preparation method of AlNb self-lubricating gradient composites, comprising the following steps:
Step 1 is by Ag and Ti2AlNb base alloy powder carries out being mixed to get mixed powder；
It is characterized in that,
The mixed powder is carried out discharge plasma sintering by step 2, and mixed powder layering is put when discharge plasma sintering
It sets:
Bottom: the mixed powder gross mass is 3g-5g, and by percentage to the quality, and the content of Ag is the mixing
The 7%-15% of powder gross mass；
Middle layer: the mixed powder gross mass is 3g-5g, and by percentage to the quality, and the content of Ag is described mixed
Close the 1%-7% of powder gross mass；
Top layer: the Ti2AlNb base alloy powder 3g-5g；
Step 3 sintering is completed to obtain Ag/Ti2AlNb self-lubricating gradient composites.
Further, in step 2, middle layer is divided into lower layer and upper layer again, specifically includes:
Lower layer: the mixed powder gross mass is 3g-5g, and by percentage to the quality, and the content of Ag is the mixing
The 3%-7% of powder gross mass；
Upper layer: the mixed powder gross mass is 3g-5g, and by percentage to the quality, and the content of Ag is the mixing
The 1%-3% of powder gross mass.
Preferably, in step 1, the partial size of mixed powder is 30 μm -50 μm.
Preferably, in step 1, by Ag and Ti2AlNb base alloy powder carries out ball milling and mixes powder, when ball milling mixes powder, ratio of grinding media to material
For (3-10): 1, revolving speed 300r/min-500r/min, time 12h-30h.
Preferably, in step 2, the condition of discharge plasma sintering is carried out are as follows: sintering pressure 30Mpa-50Mpa, from room
Temperature rises with heating rate as 50 DEG C/min-100 DEG C/min, keeps the temperature 10min-20min after being warming up to 950 DEG C -1300 DEG C.
The present invention also provides a kind of Ag/Ti prepared according to above-mentioned preparation method2AlNb self-lubricating gradient composites.
Compared with prior art, the present invention having the following technical effect that
Preparation method of the invention, the ingenious thought for proposing layering sintering, the Ag/ prepared in plasma agglomeration
Ti2AlNb composite material can play good lubricating action, guarantee that material has good frictional behaviour；Meanwhile and having
Enough intensity, so that material has certain mechanical property.Wear rate is 1.86 × 10-5mm3/ Nm, hardness are reachable
435.8HV, excellent combination property.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the Ag/Ti that the embodiment of the present invention 1 is prepared2The 4th layer of AlNb self-lubricating gradient composites pure
Ti2AlNb microscopic structure metallograph.
Fig. 2 is the Ag/Ti that the embodiment of the present invention 1 is prepared2AlNb self-lubricating gradient composites third layer 1%Ag/
Ti2AlNb microscopic structure metallograph.
Fig. 3 is the Ag/Ti that the embodiment of the present invention 1 is prepared2AlNb self-lubricating gradient composites second layer 3%Ag/
Ti2AlNb microscopic structure metallograph.
Fig. 4 is the Ag/Ti that the embodiment of the present invention 1 is prepared2AlNb self-lubricating gradient composites first layer 7%Ag/
Ti2AlNb microscopic structure metallograph.
Fig. 5 is the Ag/Ti that the embodiment of the present invention 2 is prepared2The 4th layer of AlNb self-lubricating gradient composites pure
Ti2AlNb microscopic structure metallograph.
Fig. 6 is the Ag/Ti that the embodiment of the present invention 2 is prepared2AlNb self-lubricating gradient composites third layer 2.9%
Ag/Ti2AlNb microscopic structure metallograph.
Fig. 7 is the Ag/Ti that the embodiment of the present invention 2 is prepared2The AlNb self-lubricating gradient composites second layer 6.9%
Ag/Ti2AlNb microscopic structure metallograph.
Fig. 8 is the Ag/Ti that the embodiment of the present invention 2 is prepared2AlNb self-lubricating gradient composites first layer 15%Ag/
Ti2AlNb microscopic structure metallograph.
Explanation is further explained in detail to particular content of the invention with reference to embodiments.
Specific embodiment
In compliance with the above technical solution, specific embodiments of the present invention are given below, it should be noted that the present invention not office
It is limited to following specific embodiments, all equivalent transformations made on the basis of the technical solutions of the present application each falls within protection model of the invention
It encloses.
Embodiment 1:
The present embodiment provides a kind of Ag/Ti2The preparation method of AlNb self-lubricating gradient composites, comprising the following steps:
S1. argon gas is led to vacuum glove box, Ag and Ti is weighed in vacuum glove box2AlNb pre-alloyed powder, weighed
Argon atmosphere state is remained in journey glove box；By percentage to the quality, the content of Ag is Ag and Ti2AlNb pre-alloyed powder
The 1%-15% of gross mass；
S2. the powder weighed and abrading-ball are put into togerther in ball grinder, then ball grinder is put by ratio of grinding media to material 10:1
It is vacuumized in vacuum envelope, then vacuum envelope is fixed on ball mill, with revolving speed for 300r/min ball milling 30h；Make Ag and Ti2AlNb
Pre-alloyed powder is sufficiently mixed, and the partial size of the mixed powder made is between 30 μm -50 μm；
S3. the mixed-powder layering that S2 ball milling obtains is put into the graphite jig for being covered with graphite paper, is layered from bottom to up
When placement, first layer places 5g mixed-powder, is flattened powder with graphite grinding tool pillar, wherein by percentage to the quality, Ag's
Content is Ag and Ti2The 7% of AlNb pre-alloyed powder gross mass；
S4. the second layer places 5g mixed-powder, is flattened powder with graphite grinding tool pillar, wherein by percentage to the quality,
The content of Ag is Ag and Ti2The 3% of AlNb pre-alloyed powder gross mass；
S5. third layer places 5g mixed-powder, is flattened powder with graphite grinding tool pillar, wherein by percentage to the quality,
The content of Ag is Ag and Ti2The 1% of AlNb pre-alloyed powder gross mass；
S6. the pure Ti of 5g is placed for the 4th layer2AlNb prealloy powder；Powder is flattened with graphite grinding tool pillar, then by stone
Black mold, which is fitted into, to be put in a plasma sintering equipment.
S7. plasma sintering equipment is vacuumized and starts to pressurize to graphite jig both ends, then since room temperature
It heats, graphite jig both ends remain that the pressure of 40Mpa, heating rate are 50 DEG C/min in heating process, are heated to 1100
DEG C, then keep the temperature 10min；
S8. after being sintered, sample to be sintered is cooled to room temperature, and takes out sample to get the Ag/ of the present embodiment is arrived
Ti2AlNb self-lubricating gradient composites.
As shown in Figs 1-4, with the increase of Ag content, silvery white region is also gradually increased in tissue.The room temperature of bottom is rubbed
Wiping coefficient is 0.45, and wear rate is 3.4 × 10-5mm3/ Nm, the coefficient of friction on upper layer are 0.64, and wear rate is 6.86 × 10- 5mm3/ Nm illustrates that bottom frictional behaviour is good, can play good wear-resisting property.The hardness on upper layer is 432.1HV, the hardness of bottom
For 321.6HV, illustrates that upper layer has preferable mechanical property, support substrate can be played the role of.
Embodiment 2:
The present embodiment provides a kind of Ag/Ti2The preparation method of AlNb self-lubricating gradient composites, comprising the following steps:
S1. argon gas is led to vacuum glove box, Ag and Ti is weighed in vacuum glove box2AlNb pre-alloyed powder, weighed
Argon atmosphere state is remained in journey glove box；By percentage to the quality, the content of Ag is Ag and Ti2AlNb pre-alloyed powder
The 1%-15% of gross mass；
S2. the powder weighed and abrading-ball are put into togerther in ball grinder, then ball grinder is put by ratio of grinding media to material 3:1
It is vacuumized in vacuum envelope, then vacuum envelope is fixed on ball mill, be 500r/min, ball milling 10h with revolving speed；Make Ag and
Ti2AlNb pre-alloyed powder is sufficiently mixed, and the partial size of the mixed powder made is between 30 μm -50 μm；
S3. the mixed-powder layering that S2 ball milling obtains is put into the graphite jig for being covered with graphite paper, is layered from bottom to up
When placement, first layer places 3g mixed-powder, is flattened powder with graphite grinding tool pillar, wherein by percentage to the quality, Ag's
Content is Ag and Ti2The 15% of AlNb pre-alloyed powder gross mass；
S4. the second layer places 3g mixed-powder, is flattened powder with graphite grinding tool pillar, wherein by percentage to the quality,
The content of Ag is Ag and Ti2The 6.9% of AlNb pre-alloyed powder gross mass；
S5. third layer places 3g mixed-powder, is flattened powder with graphite grinding tool pillar, wherein by percentage to the quality,
The content of Ag is Ag and Ti2The 2.9% of AlNb pre-alloyed powder gross mass；
S6. the pure Ti of 3g is placed for the 4th layer2AlNb prealloy powder；Powder is flattened with graphite grinding tool pillar, then by stone
Black mold, which is fitted into, to be put in a plasma sintering equipment.
S7. plasma sintering equipment is vacuumized and starts to pressurize to graphite jig both ends, then since room temperature
It heats, graphite jig both ends remain that the pressure of 30Mpa, heating rate are 100 DEG C/min in heating process, are heated to 1100
DEG C, then keep the temperature 10min；
S8. after being sintered, sample to be sintered is cooled to room temperature, and takes out sample to get the Ag/ of the present embodiment is arrived
Ti2AlNb self-lubricating gradient composites.
As viewed in figures 5-8, with the increase of Ag content, silvery white region is also gradually increased in tissue.The room temperature of bottom is rubbed
Wiping coefficient is 0.36, and wear rate is 1.86 × 10-5mm3/Nm；The coefficient of friction on upper layer is 0.67, and wear rate is 3.51 × 10- 5mm3/ Nm illustrates that bottom frictional behaviour is good, can play good wear-resisting property.The hardness on upper layer is 435.8HV, the hardness of bottom
For 301.2HV, illustrates that upper layer has preferable mechanical property, support substrate can be played the role of.
Comparative example 1
By pure Ti2AlNb prealloy powder is put into the graphite jig for being covered with graphite paper, then by the mixed powder after ball milling
End is sintered in plasma discharging equipment, and wherein heating rate is 100 DEG C/min, sintering pressure 30Mpa, sintering temperature 1100
DEG C, soaking time 10min, after sintering, sample to be sintered is cooled to room temperature, and takes out sample.Its is micro- for prepared sample
Hardness is 428.3HV, but its average friction coefficient is 0.64.Its hardness is higher but frictional behaviour is poor.
Comparative example 2
By by percentage to the quality, the content of Ag is Ag and Ti2The 3% of AlNb pre-alloyed powder gross mass, in argon gas gas
Ag and Ti are weighed in the glove box of atmosphere state2AlNb prealloy powder.Load weighted powder is put into progress ball milling in ball mill to mix
Powder, ball milling condition are as follows: be in vacuum state, ratio of grinding media to material 3:1, revolving speed 500r/min, Ball-milling Time 20h.Ball milling is obtained mixed
It closes powder to be put into the graphite jig for being covered with graphite paper, then burns the mixed-powder after ball milling in plasma discharging equipment
Knot, wherein heating rate is 100 DEG C/min, sintering pressure 30Mpa, and 1100 DEG C of sintering temperature, soaking time 10min has been sintered
Bi Hou, sample to be sintered are cooled to room temperature, and take out sample.Its microhardness of prepared sample is 415.2HV, but it averagely rubs
Wiping coefficient is 0.62.Its hardness is higher but frictional behaviour is poor, does not play castering action to its frictional behaviour when silver content is lower.
Comparative example 3
By by percentage to the quality, the content of Ag is Ag and Ti2The 15% of AlNb pre-alloyed powder gross mass, in argon gas gas
Ag and Ti are weighed in the glove box of atmosphere state2AlNb prealloy powder.Load weighted powder is put into progress ball milling in ball mill to mix
Powder, ball milling condition are as follows: be in vacuum state, ratio of grinding media to material 3:1, revolving speed 500r/min, Ball-milling Time 20h.Ball milling is obtained mixed
It closes powder to be put into the graphite jig for being covered with graphite paper, then burns the mixed-powder after ball milling in plasma discharging equipment
Knot, wherein heating rate is 100 DEG C/min, sintering pressure 30Mpa, and 1100 DEG C of sintering temperature, soaking time 10min has been sintered
Bi Hou, sample to be sintered are cooled to room temperature, and take out sample.Its microhardness of prepared sample is 304.8HV, but it averagely rubs
Wiping coefficient is 0.35.Silver content has very big promotion compared with Gao Shiqi frictional behaviour but its hardness is made to have decline by a relatively large margin.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of Ag/Ti2The preparation method of AlNb self-lubricating gradient composites, comprising the following steps:
Step 1 is by Ag and Ti2AlNb base alloy powder carries out being mixed to get mixed powder；
It is characterized in that,
The mixed powder is carried out discharge plasma sintering by step 2, and mixed powder layering is placed when discharge plasma sintering:
Bottom: the mixed powder gross mass is 3g-5g, and by percentage to the quality, and the content of Ag is the mixed powder
The 7%-15% of gross mass；
Middle layer: the mixed powder gross mass is 3g-5g, and by percentage to the quality, and the content of Ag is the mixed powder
Expect the 1%-7% of gross mass；
Top layer: the Ti2AlNb base alloy powder 3g-5g；
Step 3 sintering is completed to obtain Ag/Ti2AlNb self-lubricating gradient composites.
2. preparation method as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that in the step 2, middle layer is divided into lower layer and upper layer again,
It specifically includes:
Lower layer: the mixed powder gross mass is 3g-5g, and by percentage to the quality, and the content of Ag is the mixed powder
The 3%-7% of gross mass；
Upper layer: the mixed powder gross mass is 3g-5g, and by percentage to the quality, and the content of Ag is the mixed powder
The 1%-3% of gross mass.
3. preparation method as claimed in claim 1 or 2, which is characterized in that in the step 1, the partial size of mixed powder is 30 μm-
50μm。
4. preparation method as claimed in claim 1 or 2, which is characterized in that in step 1, by Ag and Ti2AlNb base alloy powder into
Row ball milling mixes powder, and when ball milling mixes powder, ratio of grinding media to material is (3-10): 1, revolving speed 300r/min-500r/min, time 12h-30h.
5. preparation method as claimed in claim 1 or 2, which is characterized in that in step 2, carry out the condition of discharge plasma sintering
Are as follows: sintering pressure 30Mpa-50Mpa, from room temperature with heating rate be 50 DEG C/min-100 DEG C/min, be warming up to 950 DEG C-
10min-20min is kept the temperature after 1300 DEG C.
6. a kind of Ag/Ti prepared according to preparation method as claimed in claim 1 or 22AlNb self-lubricating gradient composites.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN111850337A (en) * | 2020-07-31 | 2020-10-30 | 西安建筑科技大学 | High-temperature high-strength wear-resistant self-lubricating material and preparation method thereof |
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