CN110142277A - A kind of flying dust plasma melting furnace for incineration of refuse flyash disposition - Google Patents
A kind of flying dust plasma melting furnace for incineration of refuse flyash disposition Download PDFInfo
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- CN110142277A CN110142277A CN201910242814.9A CN201910242814A CN110142277A CN 110142277 A CN110142277 A CN 110142277A CN 201910242814 A CN201910242814 A CN 201910242814A CN 110142277 A CN110142277 A CN 110142277A
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- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 78
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 70
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 70
- 239000010881 fly ash Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 34
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 96
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 96
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000002956 ash Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 26
- 238000010891 electric arc Methods 0.000 abstract description 17
- 238000002309 gasification Methods 0.000 abstract description 17
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 15
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 abstract description 8
- 239000011819 refractory material Substances 0.000 description 25
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 12
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 10
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 8
- CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium oxide Chemical compound [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000003628 erosive effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000011449 brick Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 3
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000012774 insulation material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000395 magnesium oxide Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000007772 electrode material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010309 melting process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000008188 pellet Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000008439 repair process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004056 waste incineration Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 2
- HGUFODBRKLSHSI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,3,7,8-tetrachloro-dibenzo-p-dioxin Chemical compound O1C2=CC(Cl)=C(Cl)C=C2OC2=C1C=C(Cl)C(Cl)=C2 HGUFODBRKLSHSI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000975 Carbon steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000001340 alkali metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000010962 carbon steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003818 cinder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000015271 coagulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005345 coagulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011038 discontinuous diafiltration by volume reduction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001385 heavy metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000035882 stress Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B09B3/00—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless
- B09B3/40—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless involving thermal treatment, e.g. evaporation
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B09B2101/00—Type of solid waste
- B09B2101/30—Incineration ashes
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Gasification And Melting Of Waste (AREA)
- Furnace Details (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of flying dust plasma melting furnace for incineration of refuse flyash disposition, flying dust plasma melting furnace includes furnace body, the cathode and anode that the furnace chamber of furnace interior is set and is arranged on furnace body, the bottom for being at least partially disposed at furnace chamber of anode, cathode extends from the top of furnace chamber to the bottom close to furnace chamber and is spaced a predetermined distance with the anode for being located at furnace cavity bottom, plasma arc is generated between anode and cathode, flying dust into furnace chamber is melted under the action of plasma arc and forms fusing fly ash liquid, wherein, plasma arc is at least partially disposed in fusing fly ash liquid.Using submerged arc the method for operation instead of conventional plasma furnace open arc the method for operation so that electric arc is no longer exposed among free gasification zone；Avoid that the working lining of resistance to material and aggressivity are strong and ingredient fluctuates big melting flying dust and directly contacts using conductive metal layer.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to house refuse flying dust plasma melting furnace overall structure and operation process, and in particular to a kind of life
Incineration of refuse flyash plasma melting furnace.
Background technique
The flying dust that consumer waste incineration generates contains the substances such as heavy metal and dioxin, belongs to danger wastes scope, and
The processing mode for being directed to such danger wastes at present predominantly chelates sanitary landfills after solidification, higher cost and occupies a large amount of
Valuable land resource.It now can domestic garbage incineration flyash is innoxious, volume reduction, resource by plasma melting technology
Change.The plasma mechanism of production of direct-current arc ion melting furnace is the arc discharge between anodic-cathodic, and cathode is in furnace
The graphite electrode on body top, anode are present in the bottom construction of melting furnace, region of the fused materials on furnace bottom by it is equal from
Daughter heating melting.Electric current flows to cathode graphite from Furnace Bottom Anode, and passes through the flying dust being heated, and flying dust is in the molten state
Electric conductor, flying dust are melted vitrifying under the action of arc-plasma.
Direct current arc plasma furnace is operated using open arc at present, as shown in Figure 1, showing the flying dust plasma of the prior art
Melting furnace 100, flying dust plasma melting furnace include furnace body 110, the furnace chamber 111 that furnace interior is arranged in and are arranged on furnace body
Cathode 112 and anode 113 (conducting hearth), anode 113 connect with high-current circuit 114.Anode 113 is located at the bottom of furnace body
Portion, cathode 112 extends from the top of furnace body to the direction close to anode 113, under the action of anode 113 and cathode 112, flying dust
It is melted and forms fusing fly ash liquid b ' on anode 113,110 side of furnace body is provided with slag notch 115.Wherein, using open arc
The mode of plasma heating furnace a ' melts flying dust.There is a distance in 112 bottom end of graphite cathode distance melting liquid level upper surface,
While electric arc conducts heat to molten bath molten liquid, the refractory material radiation energy of free gasification zone and furnace wall around.
Open arc is run in plasma heating furnace technique, and electric arc exposure, arc energy in free gasification zone are largely radiated furnace body
Interior wall, (Traditional DC electric arc furnaces is about 28% to furnace body radiation energy to radiation energy ranges, and tradition is handed between 20%-50%
Flowing electric arc furnaces is about 35% to furnace body radiation energy, and conventional plasma furnace is about 47%), in these energy to furnace body radiation energy
The overwhelming majority is absorbed by working lining in free gasification zone furnace wall and plasma structure in the stove, causes refractory material directly by spoke
Damage is penetrated, free gasification zone working layer overtemperature, aging are caused, layering, cracking and accelerated erosion occurs, substantially reduces fire resisting
The service life of material.
At present the bottom construction of direct current arc plasma furnace be generally divided into be embedded in refractory material conductive metal electrode or
Use two kinds of forms of conduction refractory.The metal electrode being embedded in refractory material is divided into stick electrode, needle-shaped at present
The forms such as electrode and pellet electrode, conduction refractory are to be added into conductive carbon dust or graphite powder in magnesia carbon brick to make entirely
Furnace bottom is conductive structure.
It is directly contacted due to melting flying dust in melting process with bottom refractory, and containing higher in flying dust
Alkali metal component, such ingredient cause the flying dust of melting to have stronger aggressivity.And because of the specific properties of house refuse,
The uncertainty of ingredient is high, and as time fluctuation is larger, this is more directed to the erosion-resistant bottom refractory of material design and makes
At obstacle.The service life of bottom refractory generally within 6 months, needs halt system to run and to refractory material at present
Working lining carries out large repairs.
It is, therefore, desirable to provide a kind of flying dust plasma melting furnace for incineration of refuse flyash disposition, at least partly
It solves the above problems.
Summary of the invention
In view of the deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention provides a kind of flying dust plasma melting for incineration of refuse flyash disposition
Furnace, which is characterized in that the flying dust plasma melting furnace includes furnace body, the furnace chamber that furnace interior is arranged in and is arranged in furnace body
On cathode and anode, the bottom for being at least partially disposed at the furnace chamber of the anode, the cathode is from the top of the furnace chamber
Extend to the bottom close to the furnace chamber and is spaced a predetermined distance with the anode for being located at the furnace cavity bottom, the anode and described
Plasma arc is generated between cathode, the flying dust into the furnace chamber is melted under the action of the plasma arc and forms flying dust
Molten liquid, wherein the plasma arc is at least partially disposed in the fusing fly ash liquid.
In one example, the anode includes the first metal part and the second metal part,
The bottom of the furnace chamber, second metal part and first metal portion is arranged in first metal part
The bottom connection divided.
In one example, first metal part includes metal electrode layer, and the fusing fly ash liquid covers the gold
Belong to the upper surface of electrode layer.
In one example, second metal part includes embedded needle-like metal electrode.
In one example, predetermined space is provided between the furnace cavity bottom and the bottom of furnace body, it is described embedded
Needle-like metal electrode is arranged in the predetermined space, one end of the embedded needle-like metal electrode and first metal portion
Divide connection, the other end is connect with the bottom of furnace body.
In one example, the quantity of the embedded needle-like metal electrode is multiple, multiple embedded needle-shaped gold
Belong to and is provided with pre- fixed gap between electrode.
In one example, the cathode includes graphite cathode.
It in one example, further include the U-shaped portion being arranged on the furnace body, furnace chamber described in one end of the U-shaped portion connects
Logical, the other end includes slag notch, and by the slag notch, the overflow out of described furnace chamber goes out the fusing fly ash liquid.
It in one example, further include the outer arranging device of metal, the outer arranging device of the metal is connect with the bottom of the furnace chamber.
In one example, further include be arranged on the furnace body and be connected to the furnace chamber into apparatus for ash.
The present invention provides a kind of novel flying dust plasma melting furnace for incineration of refuse flyash disposition, flying dust plasma
Melting furnace includes furnace body, the furnace chamber that furnace interior is arranged in and the cathode and anode that are arranged on furnace body, at least portion of anode
In the bottom of furnace chamber, cathode extends quartile from the top of furnace body to the direction close to anode, generated between anode and cathode etc. from
Subarc, flying dust are melted under the action of plasma arc and form fusing fly ash liquid, wherein cathode is at least partially disposed at flying dust
In molten liquid.
The present invention provides a kind of house refuse flying dust plasma melting furnace overall structure and operation process, solves conventional arc
Plasma heating furnace bottom electric conductivity is bad, is corroded serious and even three main problem of current distribution is uneven by melting flying dust；It solves to pass
Arc energy dissipates serious in system arc plasma furnace operational process, corrodes strong ask to furnace wall refractory material and Lu Nei mechanism
Topic.
Main aspect of the invention is: using submerged arc the method for operation instead of conventional plasma furnace open arc operation side
Formula, so that electric arc is no longer exposed among free gasification zone；Avoid the working lining of resistance to material and aggressivity strong using conductive metal layer and
Ingredient fluctuates big melting flying dust and directly contacts.
Detailed description of the invention
Following drawings of the invention is incorporated herein as part of the present invention for the purpose of understanding the present invention.Shown in the drawings of this hair
Bright embodiment and its description, principle used to explain the present invention.
In attached drawing:
Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram of flying dust plasma melting furnace in the prior art；And
Fig. 2 is the knot of the flying dust plasma melting furnace for incineration of refuse flyash disposition in one embodiment of the present of invention
Structure schematic diagram, wherein using the mode of submerged arc.
Specific embodiment
In the following description, a large amount of concrete details are given so as to provide a more thorough understanding of the present invention.So
And it is obvious to the skilled person that the present invention may not need one or more of these details and be able to
Implement.In other examples, in order to avoid confusion with the present invention, for some technical characteristics well known in the art not into
Row description.
In order to thoroughly understand the present invention, detailed method and step and/or structure will be proposed in following description.Obviously,
Execution of the invention is not limited to specific details appreciated by those skilled in the art.Presently preferred embodiments of the present invention is detailed
It is described as follows, however other than these detailed descriptions, the present invention can also have other embodiments.
It should be understood that the present invention can be implemented in different forms, and should not be construed as being limited to propose here
Embodiment.On the contrary, provide these embodiments will make it is open thoroughly and completely, and will fully convey the scope of the invention to
Those skilled in the art.In the accompanying drawings, for clarity, the size and relative size in the area Ceng He may be exaggerated.From beginning to end
Same reference numerals indicate identical element.
It should be understood that when the term " comprising " and/or " including " is used in this specification, indicating described in presence
Feature, entirety, step, operation, element and/or component, but do not preclude the presence or addition of other one or more features, entirety,
Step, operation, element, component and/or their combination." one " of singular, "one" and " described/should " be also intended to
Plural form, unless the context clearly indicates other mode.
Direct current arc plasma furnace is operated using open arc at present, and graphite cathode bottom end distance melting liquid level upper surface has one section
Distance, while electric arc conducts heat to molten bath molten liquid, the refractory material radiation energy of free gasification zone and furnace wall around.
At present the bottom construction of direct current arc plasma furnace be generally divided into be embedded in refractory material conductive metal electrode or
Use two kinds of forms of conduction refractory.The metal electrode being embedded in refractory material is divided into stick electrode, needle-shaped at present
The forms such as electrode and pellet electrode, conduction refractory are to be added into conductive carbon dust or graphite powder in magnesia carbon brick to make entirely
Furnace bottom is conductive structure.
The present invention provides a kind of novel flying dust plasma melting furnace for incineration of refuse flyash disposition, flying dust plasma
Melting furnace includes furnace body, the furnace chamber that furnace interior is arranged in and the cathode and anode that are arranged on furnace body, at least portion of anode
In the bottom of furnace chamber, cathode extends quartile from the top of furnace body to the direction close to anode, generated between anode and cathode etc. from
Subarc, flying dust are melted under the action of plasma arc and form fusing fly ash liquid, wherein cathode is at least partially disposed at flying dust
In molten liquid.
Flying dust plasma melting furnace provided by the invention is using the method for operation of submerged arc instead of conventional plasma furnace open arc
The method of operation so that electric arc is no longer exposed among free gasification zone；It avoids the working lining of resistance to material using conductive metal layer and invades
Corrosion is strong and ingredient fluctuates big melting flying dust and directly contacts.
As shown in Fig. 2, providing a kind of flying dust plasma for incineration of refuse flyash disposition in the embodiment of the present invention
Melting furnace 200, for being melted to the flying dust that consumer waste incineration generates.Flying dust plasma melting furnace 200 includes furnace body
210, the cathode 212 and anode 213 that the furnace chamber 211 inside furnace body 210 is set and is arranged on furnace body 210, anode 213
It is at least partially disposed at the bottom of furnace chamber 211, cathode 212 extends from the top of furnace chamber 211 to the direction close to anode 213, anode
Plasma arc a is generated between 213 and cathode 212, flying dust is melted under the action of plasma arc and is formed fusing fly ash liquid b,
Wherein, after forming the fusing fly ash liquid b of predetermined amount in furnace chamber 211, cathode 212 is at least partially disposed in fusing fly ash liquid b,
Plasma arc is formed in fusing fly ash liquid b (that is, submerged arc).
Flying dust plasma melting furnace of the invention uses the submerged arc method of operation, instead of the operation of conventional plasma furnace open arc
Mode, in operational process, the heat of electric arc passes to molten bath by modes such as conduction, convection current, is no longer exposed to free gasification zone,
Reduce electric arc heat to scatter and disappear to free gasification zone, compared with the plasma heating furnace of open arc operation, the heat in molten bath is conducted
Promote 20-50%.
Flying dust plasma melting furnace of the invention uses the method for operation of submerged arc, and electric arc is not exposed to gasification zone, avoids
Radiation to refractory material and plasma heating furnace internal structure avoids free gasification zone working layer overtemperature, aging, occurs to divide
Layer, cracking and accelerated erosion, improve the service life of refractory material.
In one example, anode 213 includes the first metal part 213a and the second metal part 213b, the first metal portion
The bottom for dividing 213a that furnace chamber 211 is arranged in, the second metal part 213b are connect with the first metal part 213a.
In one example, the first metal part 213a includes metal electrode layer, and fusing fly ash liquid b is covered on metal electrode
On layer.
In one example, the second metal part 213b includes embedded needle-like metal electrode.
In flying dust plasma melting furnace of the invention, one layer of metal electrode is added on embedded needle-like metal electrode
Layer, flying dust are heated melting more than metal electrode layer, and melting flying dust is no longer directly contacted with the working lining of refractory material.It uses
Conductive metal layer avoids that the working lining of resistance to material and aggressivity are strong and ingredient fluctuates big melting flying dust and directly contacts.
The temperature of metal electrode layer is identical as the temperature of fusing fly ash body on its upper layer when system is run, and current direction is interior
Embedding electrode (the second metal part 213b)-metal electrode layer (the first metal part 213a)-melts flying dust-cathode.Metal electrode
The materials such as optional carbon steel, fusing point is about 1550 DEG C, and fusing fly ash temperature is different with different constituents, therefore metal
For state when electrode is run with that can be solid-state, center melts three kinds of forms of periphery solid-state and fused solution.
Metal electrode layer be with embedded electrode (the second metal part 213b) same material, melted in furnace body process
It links into an integrated entity.In one example, refractory material is provided with around furnace chamber 211.In one example, refractory material surrounds
Furnace chamber 211 is at least partly.In one example, selection of refractory magnesia carbon brick or similar material, adjust refractory material formula
And preparation process, with the thermal expansion coefficient close with conductive metal layer.Between refractory material working lining and embedded electrode
It stays and sets thermal expansion gap, filled in dilatation joint using the materials such as cord belt, powdered graphite, also add thermal expansion between refractory material
Seam.The effect of dilatation joint is to absorb between conductive metal layer, embedded electrode and refractory material since thermal expansion coefficient difference causes
Residual stress and thermal strain.
In one example, predetermined space, embedded needle-shaped gold are provided between 210 bottom of 211 bottom of furnace chamber and furnace body
Belong to electrode to be arranged in predetermined space, one end of embedded needle-like metal electrode is connect with the first metal part 213a, the other end
It is connect with 210 bottom of furnace body.
In one example, the quantity of embedded needle-like metal electrode be it is multiple, multiple embedded needle-like metal electrodes it
Between be provided with pre- fixed gap.
In one example, the diameter 10-50mm of needle electrode (the second metal part 213b), quantity are 10-50 root,
Diameter and quantity are determined according to furnace heat load in melting operation process.
In one example, cathode 212 includes graphite cathode 212.
It in one example, further include the U-shaped portion 214 being arranged on furnace body 210, one end furnace chamber 211 of U-shaped portion 214 connects
Logical, the other end includes slag notch 214a.
In one example, furnace is discharged in the flying dust of heating melting round (slag notch 214a) continuous overflow outside melting flying dust
Chamber, as shown in Fig. 2, overflow hole forms U-bend (U-shaped portion 214), while completely cutting off ambient atmos, guarantee molten liquid is lower layer's slag
Liquid, the flying dust for avoiding upper layer from not melting are short-circuited discharge, guarantee the melting residence time.In one example, close to U-shaped portion 214
The thermal insulation material of the furnace chamber 211 of side is vertically arranged, close to the end of the lower section of the thermal insulation material of the furnace chamber 211 of 214 side of U-shaped portion
Portion extends near the bottom of molten liquid, that is, the thermal insulation material close to the furnace chamber 211 of 214 side of U-shaped portion will be above molten liquid
Part is blocked, and what round flowed out is the part below molten liquid in this way outside melting flying dust, in this way, it is winged to avoid upper layer from not melting
Ash is short-circuited discharge, guarantees the melting residence time.
In one example, collection device 220 is additionally provided with below slag notch 214a, collection device 220 is collected from out
The slag etc. that cinder notch 214a overflow goes out.
In one example, the bottom of furnace chamber 211 is provided with the outer round of metal.In one example, the outer round of metal
It is connect with discharge pipe 211a outside metal, one end of the outer discharge pipe 211a of metal is connect with the outer round of metal, outside the other end and furnace body
Portion leads to repeatedly.In one example, the outer discharge pipe 211a of metal at high temperature, passes through the outer round of metal after metal electrode layer melting
And discharge pipe 211a is discharged to outside furnace body outside the metal connecting with round outside metal.
In one example, the outer round of metal is equal with metal bath surface bottom, if necessary to check or repair furnace bottom work
Layer, then be promoted to metal conducting layer for furnace temperature in furnace stopping process and melt completely, round outside the metal of furnace cavity bottom is opened, and arranges
Empty whole conductive metal layer.
In one example, further include be arranged on furnace body 210 into apparatus for ash 215, into apparatus for ash 215 and furnace chamber 211
Connection.It in one example, include ash inlet tube road into apparatus for ash 215, ash inlet tube road is connected to furnace chamber 211.
Key point of the invention is:
1, using the method for operation of submerged arc instead of the method for operation of conventional plasma furnace open arc, so that electric arc no longer exposes
Among free gasification zone；
2, avoid that the working lining of resistance to material and aggressivity are strong and ingredient fluctuates big melting flying dust and directly connects using conductive metal layer
Touching；
3, the temperature of melting metal layer keeps keeping isothermal, solid-liquid state and fusing fly ash temperature phase with melting flying dust
It closes, melts it completely without using excessive temperature；
4, metal electrode and refractory expansion coefficient are close, answer caused by reducing in metal electrode heating melting process
Power is destroyed；
5, it embeds between electrode and refractory material and dilatation joint is set among refractory material, absorb metal electrode and fire resisting
Thermal expansion caused by material coefficient of expansion remnants difference destroys；
6, mode of slagging tap uses the continuous outlet of slag overflow, avoids flying dust short circuit outlet, reserves metal mouth for emptying etc.
Ion furnace chamber is to overhaul furnace bottom.
Advantages of the present invention:
1, using the submerged arc method of operation instead of the method for operation of conventional plasma furnace open arc, in operational process, electric arc
Heat passes to molten bath by modes such as conduction, convection current, is no longer exposed to free gasification zone, reduces electric arc heat to free gas
Change scattering and disappearing for area, compared with the plasma heating furnace of open arc operation, to the heat conductive hoist 20-50% in molten bath；
2, using the method for operation of submerged arc, electric arc is not exposed to gasification zone, avoids in refractory material and plasma heating furnace
The radiation of portion's structure avoids free gasification zone working layer overtemperature, aging, and layering, cracking and accelerated erosion occurs, improves
The service life of refractory material；
3, the current path at traditional burner bottom is melting flying dust guiding insertion electrode or conduction refractory, due to embedded
Electrode contact surface product is limited, and conduction refractory resistivity is much larger than metal electrode, and electric current is caused to flow to furnace by molten slag layer
The case where resistance is higher when hearth electrode, conductive bad, is easy to appear current interruption, and contact position electricity divides excessively high and hot-spot.This
It is entire metal electrode layer that metal electrode layer is adopted in patent as conductive part, contact area is contacted with molten ash, and golden
Belong to electrode to be structure as a whole with embedded electrode, electric conductivity is good, avoids the undesirable mechanism of production of electric conductivity.
4, traditional burner bottom, especially insertion electrode furnace bottom is easy to cause electric conductivity uneven, to occur heating local mistake
The appearance of hot and cold coagulation zone, entire conductive metal layer is conductive structure in this patent, and electric current flows over distribution not by electricity
The space structure limitation of pole distribution, avoids due to cold and hot area's phenomenon that insertion distribution of electrodes is unreasonable and occurs.
5, traditional burner bottom molten ash is directly contacted with bottom refractory, alkaline components with higher in lime-ash, and
The fluctuation of cost is larger, and furnace bottom partially due to plasma-arc anode effect, be the highest position of temperature, in high temperature action
Lower molten ash is extremely serious for the corrosion function of refractory material.Adding due to conductive metal layer in this patent, furnace bottom is resistance to
Fiery material is avoided contact with molten ash, and metal electrode layer aggressivity is weak, and uniform component is stablized, and refractory material is reduced
It corrodes, greatly prolongs its service life.
The present invention provides a kind of novel flying dust plasma melting furnace for incineration of refuse flyash disposition, flying dust plasma
Melting furnace includes furnace body, the furnace chamber that furnace interior is arranged in and the cathode and anode that are arranged on furnace body, at least portion of anode
In the bottom of furnace chamber, cathode extends quartile from the top of furnace body to the direction close to anode, generated between anode and cathode etc. from
Subarc, flying dust are melted under the action of plasma arc and form fusing fly ash liquid, wherein cathode is at least partially disposed at flying dust
In molten liquid.
The present invention provides a kind of house refuse flying dust plasma melting furnace overall structure and operation process, solves conventional arc
Plasma heating furnace bottom electric conductivity is bad, is corroded serious and even three main problem of current distribution is uneven by melting flying dust；It solves to pass
Arc energy dissipates serious in system arc plasma furnace operational process, corrodes strong ask to furnace wall refractory material and Lu Nei mechanism
Topic.
Main aspect of the invention is: using submerged arc the method for operation instead of conventional plasma furnace open arc operation side
Formula, so that electric arc is no longer exposed among free gasification zone；Avoid the working lining of resistance to material and aggressivity strong using conductive metal layer and
Ingredient fluctuates big melting flying dust and directly contacts.
The similar replacement or deformation of individual part or component in this practical flying dust plasma melting furnace each fall within this
Within the protection scope of invention.
The present invention has been explained by the above embodiments, but it is to be understood that, above-described embodiment is only intended to
The purpose of citing and explanation, is not intended to limit the invention to the scope of the described embodiments.Furthermore those skilled in the art
It is understood that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, introduction according to the present invention can also be made more kinds of member
Variants and modifications, all fall within the scope of the claimed invention for these variants and modifications.Protection scope of the present invention by
The appended claims and its equivalent scope are defined.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of flying dust plasma melting furnace for incineration of refuse flyash disposition, which is characterized in that the flying dust plasma melting
Melting furnace includes furnace body, the furnace chamber that furnace interior is arranged in and the cathode and anode that are arranged on furnace body, and the anode is at least
Part be located at the furnace chamber bottom, the cathode from the top of the furnace chamber to close to the furnace chamber bottom extend and with position
It is spaced a predetermined distance in the anode of the furnace cavity bottom, generates plasma arc between the anode and the cathode, into described
The flying dust of furnace chamber is melted under the action of the plasma arc and forms fusing fly ash liquid, wherein the plasma arc is extremely
Small part is located in the fusing fly ash liquid.
2. flying dust plasma melting furnace according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the anode includes the first metal part
With the second metal part,
The bottom of the furnace chamber, second metal part and first metal part is arranged in first metal part
Bottom connection.
3. flying dust plasma melting furnace according to claim 2, which is characterized in that first metal part includes metal
Electrode layer, the fusing fly ash liquid cover the upper surface of the metal electrode layer.
4. flying dust plasma melting furnace according to claim 2, which is characterized in that second metal part includes insertion
Formula needle-like metal electrode.
5. flying dust plasma melting furnace according to claim 4, which is characterized in that the furnace cavity bottom and the furnace body bottom
Predetermined space is provided between portion, the embedded needle-like metal electrode is arranged in the predetermined space, the embedded needle
One end of shape metal electrode is connect with first metal part, and the other end is connect with the bottom of furnace body.
6. flying dust plasma melting furnace according to claim 4, which is characterized in that the embedded needle-like metal electrode
Quantity be it is multiple, be provided with pre- fixed gap between multiple embedded needle-like metal electrodes.
7. flying dust plasma melting furnace according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the cathode includes graphite cathode.
8. flying dust plasma melting furnace according to claim 1, which is characterized in that further include being arranged on the furnace body
U-shaped portion, the connection of furnace chamber described in one end of the U-shaped portion, the other end includes slag notch, and the fusing fly ash liquid is slagged tap by described
Mouth overflow out of described furnace chamber goes out.
9. flying dust plasma melting furnace according to claim 1, which is characterized in that it further include the outer arranging device of metal, it is described
The outer arranging device of metal is connect with the bottom of the furnace chamber.
10. flying dust plasma melting furnace according to claim 1, which is characterized in that further include being arranged on the furnace body
And be connected to the furnace chamber into apparatus for ash.
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Application publication date: 20190820 |