CN110135490B - Retired lithium battery classification method based on sample label - Google Patents
Retired lithium battery classification method based on sample label Download PDFInfo
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- CN110135490B CN110135490B CN201910388782.3A CN201910388782A CN110135490B CN 110135490 B CN110135490 B CN 110135490B CN 201910388782 A CN201910388782 A CN 201910388782A CN 110135490 B CN110135490 B CN 110135490B
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Abstract
The invention provides a sample label-based retired lithium battery classification method, which is characterized by comprising the following steps: taking the capacity and internal resistance information of the retired lithium battery as indexes, and combining the standard capacity and internal resistance information of the new lithium battery to generate a sample tag set A x The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Calculate sample tag set A x Euclidean distance between each sample and each sample tag; for each sample, comparing the distance from the sample to each sample label to obtain the minimum distance and the corresponding sample label, wherein the classification of the sample label is the classification of the sample; and guiding the recombination and echelon utilization of the lithium battery according to the classification result. The invention has the advantages that the classification rationality of the retired lithium batteries facing to the echelon utilization can be improved, and the safety and the economy of the echelon utilization of the retired lithium batteries are further improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of resource recycling, and particularly relates to a retired lithium battery classification method based on a sample label.
Background
Lithium batteries are currently the preferred power batteries for electric vehicles. According to the calculation of the optimal in-service time of the new energy commercial vehicle battery for 3 years and the passenger vehicle battery for 5 years, the power lithium battery in China starts to enter a large-scale retirement period from 2018. According to the prediction of the China automobile technical center, the accumulated scrapping amount of the new energy automobile battery in China reaches 24.8 ten thousand tons by 2020, and the accumulated scrapping amount can reach 100 ten thousand tons by 2024. If the retired lithium battery is improperly treated and has certain pollution and harm to the environment and human health, the accumulated effect of pollution is greatly increased along with the increase of the quantity of the retired lithium battery. Therefore, the environmental protection and safety disposal of retired power lithium batteries in China are not sustained, and the development of the echelon utilization and harmless treatment industry is urgently required to be accelerated. In addition, the lithium batteries which are retired from the electric automobile have 80 percent of capacity, can be completely applied to other occasions with power requirements lower than those of the electric automobile, realize gradient utilization, maximize the full life value of the lithium batteries, reduce the use cost of the lithium batteries, and have great environmental protection value and economic value.
Before echelon utilization, reasonable classification of retired lithium batteries is important. The report of the classification method of lithium batteries in the current literature is less. The applicant considers that the classification of the retired lithium battery is not a simple classification problem, and should consider the stage of the retired battery in the whole life cycle, set corresponding sample labels, and classify the retired lithium battery based on the sample labels.
Disclosure of Invention
The purpose of the invention is that: the rationality of retired lithium battery classification is improved, and then the economy and the security of retired lithium battery echelon utilization are improved.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme of the invention provides a retired lithium battery classification method based on a sample label, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step S1: taking the capacity and internal resistance information of the retired lithium battery as indexes, and combining the standard capacity and internal resistance information of the new lithium battery to generate a sample tag set A x Sample tag set A x The generation method of (1) comprises the following steps:
step S101, establishing a rectangular coordinate system by taking the internal resistance and the increase rate of the internal resistance of the lithium battery as abscissa and the capacity and the attenuation rate of the capacity as ordinate;
step S102, marking each retired lithium battery in an established rectangular coordinate system according to capacity and internal resistance information of the retired lithium battery, wherein each marking point is a sample;
meanwhile, according to standard capacity and internal resistance information of a new lithium battery, a plurality of capacity attenuation lines and a plurality of internal resistance expansion lines are drawn in an established rectangular coordinate system, and an internal resistance-capacity plane in which the rectangular coordinate system is located is divided into different subareas by the capacity attenuation lines and the internal resistance expansion lines;
step S103, calculating the geometric center of each sub-area, searching the sample point closest to the geometric center,marking the sample point as a sample label of the sub-region; if no sample point exists in the current subarea, no sample label exists in the current subarea, and the sample labels on all subareas form a sample label set A x ；
Step S2: calculate sample tag set A x Euclidean distance between each sample and each sample tag;
step S3: for each sample, comparing the distance from the sample to each sample label to obtain the minimum distance and the corresponding sample label, wherein the classification of the sample label is the classification of the sample;
step S4: and guiding the recombination and echelon utilization of the lithium battery according to the classification result.
Preferably, in step S102, 7 capacity fade lines and 5 internal resistance increase lines are obtained, so as to divide the internal resistance-capacity plane into 24 sub-areas, where 7 capacity fade lines are 100%, 80%, 70%, 60%, 50%, 40%, 0%, respectively; the 5 internal resistance growth lines are respectively 100%, 150%, 200%, 250% and 300%.
Preferably, in step S2, the euclidean distance between the ith sample and the xth sample label is d ix The following steps are:
wherein y is c，i Y r，i The capacity value and the internal resistance value of the ith sample are respectively; a, a c，x A r，x The capacity value and the internal resistance value of the xth sample label are respectively; k (k) 1 K 2 Respectively the distance coefficient, in order to ensure that the recombined battery has better consistency, k 1 ≤1，k 2 ≤1。
Preferably k 1 K 2 The following principle is followed:
principle one) for power-energy applications, k 1 ＝k 2 ＝1；
Principle two) for power applications, k 1 ＝1，k 2 ＝0.5；
Principle two) for energy applications, k 1 ＝0.5，k 2 ＝1；
Preferably, in step S3, the euclidean distance d is obtained for the i-th sample ix Minimum value min (d ix ) If the minimum value min (d ix ) The corresponding sample label is the xth sample label, and the class to which the ith sample belongs is x.
Preferably, in step S4, the same type of battery is classified into the same sample label according to different classification results applied to different echelon utilization situations, and the same type of battery is recombined during the echelon utilization.
The invention provides a retired lithium battery classification method based on a sample label. The method considers the distribution condition of capacity and internal resistance of the retired lithium battery in the whole life cycle of the lithium battery, and sets and obtains a sample label. The classification of the sample is realized by solving the minimum distance between the sample point and the sample label. The invention has the advantages that the classification rationality of the retired lithium batteries facing to the echelon utilization can be improved, and the safety and the economy of the echelon utilization of the retired lithium batteries are further improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of steps of a method for classifying retired lithium batteries based on sample tags in an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 2 is a sample tag set generation schematic diagram in an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a classification method in an embodiment of the invention.
Detailed Description
The invention is further elucidated below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. It is to be understood that these examples are illustrative of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Further, it is understood that various changes and modifications may be made by those skilled in the art after reading the teachings of the present invention, and such equivalents are intended to fall within the scope of the claims appended hereto.
As shown in fig. 1, a retired lithium battery classifying method based on sample labels in this embodiment includes the following steps:
step S1: taking the capacity and internal resistance information of the retired lithium battery as indexes, and combining the standard capacity and internal resistance information of the new battery to generate a sample tag set A x ；
Step S2: calculating Euclidean distance between each sample and each label;
step S3: for each sample, comparing the distance from the sample to each label to obtain the minimum distance and the corresponding sample label, wherein the classification of the sample label is the classification of the sample;
step S4: and guiding the recombination and echelon utilization of the lithium battery according to the classification result.
Fig. 2 is a sample tag generation schematic. The internal resistance and the increasing rate of the internal resistance of the lithium battery are taken as the abscissa, and the capacity and the attenuation rate of the capacity are taken as the ordinate. And marking a scatter diagram of each retired lithium battery in the internal resistance and capacity coordinate system. Meanwhile, 7 capacity attenuation lines and 5 internal resistance increase lines are drawn according to the internal resistance and capacity data of the new battery, and the internal resistance-capacity plane is divided into 24 subareas which are respectively marked as A1-A24.
For each sub-region, a sample tag is found. For example, for the A1 sub-region, the center point of the region is first found (as shown by the five-pointed star in fig. 2), then the point closest to the center point is found in the A1 sub-region, and the change point is marked as the sample label point of the change region (as the solid black point in the A1 region). If there is no sample point within a sub-region, then there is no tag sample point for that sub-region. All the label sample points constitute a label sample set.
For each sample point, calculating Euclidean distance between the sample point and each sample label, wherein Euclidean distance between the ith sample and the xth sample label is d ix The following steps are:
wherein y is c，i Y r，i The capacity value and the internal resistance value of the ith sample are respectively; a, a c，x A r，x The capacity value and the internal resistance value of the xth sample label are respectively; k (k) 1 K 2 Respectively the distance coefficient, in order to ensure that the recombined battery has better consistency, k 1 ≤1，k 2 ≤1。
k 1 And k is equal to 2 Should be combined with the echelon utilization scene, generally follow the following principle:
for power-energy applications, generally k 1 ＝k 2 ＝1；
For power type applications, k 1 ＝1，k 2 ＝0.5；
For energy type applications, k 1 ＝0.5，k 2 ＝1。
For each sample point, the distance from the sample point to the tag point is calculated by the method described above, respectively, to obtain x distance values (x is the number of sample tags, x<=24), wherein the classification of the sample label corresponding to the minimum distance is the classification of the sample battery. As shown in fig. 3, assuming that the number of sample tag points is 3 (cell #1-cell # 3), the number of sample points is 8 (cell 1-cell 8), and k 1 ＝k 2 =1. When classifying the cell1, the distances (L1-L3) of the cell1 to 3 sample tags are calculated, respectively, and it is apparent that L1 is the smallest, and the cell1 should be labeled as a #1 type battery, and thus the cell2-cell8 batteries are labeled, respectively.
Finally, the method is applied to different echelon utilization occasions according to different classification results; the batteries belonging to the same sample label are the same type of batteries, and the batteries of the same type are recombined when the batteries are used in a echelon mode.
The above embodiments are preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and various modifications or variations which may be made by those skilled in the art without the inventive effort within the scope of the appended claims remain within the scope of this patent.
Claims (4)
1. The retired lithium battery classification method based on the sample label is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
step S1: the capacity and internal resistance information of the retired lithium battery are taken as indexes to form a junctionCombining standard capacity and internal resistance information of new lithium battery to generate sample label set A x Sample tag set A x The generation method of (1) comprises the following steps:
step S101, establishing a rectangular coordinate system by taking the internal resistance and the increase rate of the internal resistance of the lithium battery as abscissa and the capacity and the attenuation rate of the capacity as ordinate;
step S102, marking each retired lithium battery in an established rectangular coordinate system according to capacity and internal resistance information of the retired lithium battery, wherein each marking point is a sample;
meanwhile, according to standard capacity and internal resistance information of a new lithium battery, a plurality of capacity attenuation lines and a plurality of internal resistance expansion lines are drawn in an established rectangular coordinate system, and an internal resistance-capacity plane in which the rectangular coordinate system is located is divided into different subareas by the capacity attenuation lines and the internal resistance expansion lines;
step S103, calculating the geometric center of each sub-region, searching a sample point closest to the geometric center, and marking the sample point as a sample label of the sub-region; if no sample point exists in the current subarea, no sample label exists in the current subarea, and the sample labels on all subareas form a sample label set A x ；
Step S2: calculating Euclidean distance between all samples and each sample label, wherein the Euclidean distance between the ith sample and the xth sample label is d ix The following steps are:
wherein y is c,i Y r,i The capacity value and the internal resistance value of the ith sample are respectively; a, a c,x A r,x The capacity value and the internal resistance value of the xth sample label are respectively; k (k) 1 K 2 Respectively the distance coefficient, in order to ensure that the recombined battery has better consistency, k 1 ≤1，k 2 ≤1；
k 1 K 2 The following principle is followed:
principle one) for power-energy applicationsBy, k 1 ＝k 2 ＝1；
Principle two) for power applications, k 1 ＝1，k 2 ＝0.5；
Principle two) for energy applications, k 1 ＝0.5，k 2 ＝1；
Step S3: for each sample, comparing the distance from the sample to each sample label to obtain the minimum distance and the corresponding sample label, wherein the classification of the sample label is the classification of the sample;
step S4: and guiding the recombination and echelon utilization of the lithium battery according to the classification result.
2. The sample label-based retired lithium battery classification method according to claim 1, wherein in step S102, 7 capacity fading lines and 5 internal resistance growth lines are obtained, so as to divide the internal resistance-capacity plane into 24 sub-areas, wherein 7 capacity fading lines are 100%, 80%, 70%, 60%, 50%, 40%, 0%, respectively; the 5 internal resistance growth lines are respectively 100%, 150%, 200%, 250% and 300%.
3. The method for classifying retired lithium battery cells according to claim 1, wherein in step S3, the euclidean distance d is obtained for the ith sample ix Minimum value min (d ix ) If the minimum value min (d ix ) The corresponding sample label is the xth sample label, and the class to which the ith sample belongs is x.
4. The method for classifying retired lithium batteries based on sample labels as claimed in claim 1, wherein in step S4, the samples are classified into the same type of batteries according to different classification results applied to different echelon utilization occasions, and the batteries of the same type are recombined during the echelon utilization.
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