CN110132703B - Three-axis sample preparation device and method for bulk coal briquette with controllable apparent density - Google Patents
Three-axis sample preparation device and method for bulk coal briquette with controllable apparent density Download PDFInfo
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- CN110132703B CN110132703B CN201910597638.0A CN201910597638A CN110132703B CN 110132703 B CN110132703 B CN 110132703B CN 201910597638 A CN201910597638 A CN 201910597638A CN 110132703 B CN110132703 B CN 110132703B
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- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 122
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 39
- 239000004484 Briquette Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 15
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 116
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 81
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000005464 sample preparation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 57
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims description 30
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000002817 coal dust Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000011068 loading method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000007 visual effect Effects 0.000 claims 4
- 238000000748 compression moulding Methods 0.000 claims 3
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000007596 consolidation process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003826 uniaxial pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/28—Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/28—Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q
- G01N1/286—Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q involving mechanical work, e.g. chopping, disintegrating, compacting, homogenising
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/28—Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q
- G01N1/36—Embedding or analogous mounting of samples
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/28—Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q
- G01N1/38—Diluting, dispersing or mixing samples
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/28—Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q
- G01N1/286—Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q involving mechanical work, e.g. chopping, disintegrating, compacting, homogenising
- G01N2001/2873—Cutting or cleaving
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/28—Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q
- G01N1/36—Embedding or analogous mounting of samples
- G01N2001/366—Moulds; Demoulding
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- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
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- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
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- Sampling And Sample Adjustment (AREA)
Abstract
The three-axis sample preparation device for the construction coal block-shaped coal with controllable apparent density comprises a concrete fixing groove with an open top, wherein a molding box is arranged at the upper part in the concrete fixing groove, an upper positioning plugging system is arranged between the top of the molding box and a fixing plate, a cutting sampling system is arranged on the upper positioning plugging system, a lower pressurizing system is arranged between the bottom of the molding box and the bottom of the concrete fixing groove, a left pressurizing system is arranged between the left side part of the molding box and the left side wall of the concrete fixing groove, and a front pressurizing system is arranged between the front side part of the molding box and the front side wall of the concrete fixing groove. The invention also discloses a sample preparation method of the three-axis sample preparation device for constructing the coal briquette with controllable apparent density. The triaxial compression process of the invention is more in line with the stress state of the original stratum, and the stress distribution of the sample in the compression process of the molded coal is more uniform; the apparent density change of the coal sample can be monitored in the process of compacting the molded coal, so that the compacting degree of different coal samples can be controlled; and the damage of the coal sample in the demolding process is reduced to the greatest extent.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of briquette pressing, and particularly relates to a triaxial sample preparation device and method for a briquette block-shaped briquette with controllable apparent density.
Background
The coal reservoirs in China widely develop the structural coals with different deformation degrees, and the structural coals with strong deformation are mostly powdery or small blocks in macroscopic characteristics, and can be crushed by hand pinching, so that the structural coal powder is pressed into blocky or cylindrical molded coals in general so as to facilitate relevant research work.
The more common sample pressing method in the current stage is a uniaxial sample pressing method. The uniaxial pressing method is to press the pulverized coal in a die from one direction until the pulverized coal is molded by using a pressing machine, but the pressing method can only control the stress applied in a single direction, so that uneven stress distribution is easy to cause, and the consolidation degree of a sample cannot be intuitively reflected. Because of the different deformation degree and deterioration degree of the structural coal, the coal body structure has larger difference, and the pressing requirements of different structural coals are different, but the conventional sample pressing method only controls the pressing process by adjusting stress, generally aims at pressing to a consolidation state, lacks the pressing process of vision density control, is easy to generate overpressure or underpressure, can cause larger error on subsequent experiments, and can even directly cause sample pressing failure; after the conventional sample pressing method is successful in pressing the molded coal, the sample is subjected to a demolding process mainly by adopting a direct extrusion method, the demolding process can form larger stress difference at two ends of the sample, the uniformity of the sample is easy to damage, the coal sample is extruded by friction force of the side wall, the friction force can cause dragging of the side face of the coal body, and further the coal body sample is damaged; finally, the sample pressed by the conventional sample pressing method is mainly a cylindrical sample, has smaller size, is not suitable for experiments requiring cubic samples with larger size, and has lower pressing success rate.
Since the single-shaft sample pressing method has the problems, the existing research on structural coal is limited to the related direction suitable for smaller-size samples, and the research on large-size structural coal is severely restricted, so that the development of a device suitable for pressing large-size briquette is needed.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the defects in the prior art, and provides a triaxial sample preparation device and a triaxial sample preparation method for a structural coal block-shaped coal, which have uniform stress during pressing, uniform pressing standard, and are convenient to demould and are not easy to damage during demould.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme: the three-axis sample preparation device for the construction coal block-shaped coal with controllable apparent density comprises a concrete fixing groove 2 with an open top, wherein four bearing upright posts 3 which are arranged in a rectangular array are pre-buried in the bottom of the concrete fixing groove 2, and the upper ends of the four bearing upright posts 3 extend out of the concrete fixing groove 2 and are horizontally provided with a fixing plate 14;
the upper portion is provided with the moulding box 1 that wholly is cuboid shape in the concrete fixed slot 2, the right flank and the trailing flank of moulding box 1 are all pour in the right side wall and the trailing sidewall of concrete fixed slot 2, four bearing posts 3 pass perpendicularly and become moulding box 1 fixed connection, the top of moulding box 1, the bottom, left side and preceding lateral part all are provided with a rectangular hole, the cross section of moulding cavity 18 in moulding box 1 inside, the rectangular hole of top and bottom equal and the upper and lower correspondence of rectangular hole size, be provided with between the top of moulding box 1 and the fixed plate 14, be provided with the cutting sampling system on the upper positioning shutoff system, be provided with down the pressurization system between the bottom of moulding box 1 and the concrete fixed slot 2 bottom, be provided with left pressurization system between the left side of moulding box 1 and the concrete fixed slot 2 left side wall, be provided with preceding pressurization system between the preceding lateral part of moulding box 1 and the concrete fixed slot 2 front side wall.
The upper positioning plugging system comprises a multistage hydraulic cylinder 24, a movable plate 13 and an upper quadrangular plunger 19, wherein the upper end of a cylinder body of the multistage hydraulic cylinder 24 is fixed on the lower surface of a fixed plate 14, the movable plate 13 is parallel to the fixed plate 14 and is slidably connected to four bearing upright posts 3, the lower end of a telescopic rod of the multistage hydraulic cylinder 24 is connected with the upper surface of the movable plate 13, the upper end of the upper quadrangular plunger 19 is fixedly connected to the lower surface of the movable plate 13, the lower end of the upper quadrangular plunger 19 correspondingly stretches into a rectangular hole at the top of a molding box 1, and a gap of 0.5-1mm is reserved between the periphery of the side part of the lower end of the upper quadrangular plunger 19 and the wall of the rectangular hole at the top of the molding box 1.
The cutting sampling system comprises a sample cutting hydraulic cylinder 22, a flange plate 21 and cutting blades 30, wherein two sample cutting hydraulic cylinders 22 are arranged, four cutting blades 30 are arranged, a through hole for penetrating through an upper quadrangular plunger 19 is formed in the middle of the flange plate 21, the flange plate 21 is located below the movable plate 13, the flange plate 21 is parallel to the movable plate 13 and is connected to the four bearing upright posts 3 in a sliding mode, the two sample cutting hydraulic cylinders 22 are respectively arranged on the left side and the right side of the upper quadrangular plunger 19, a cylinder body of each sample cutting hydraulic cylinder 22 is fixedly connected to the lower surface of the movable plate 13, the lower end of a telescopic rod of each sample cutting hydraulic cylinder 22 is connected to the upper surface of the flange plate 21, four cutting blades 30 are respectively arranged around the upper quadrangular plunger 19, the upper end of each cutting blade 30 is connected with an L-shaped connecting plate 20, the L-shaped connecting plate 20 is connected to the lower surface of the flange plate 21 through a fixed screw 26, the inner surface of each cutting blade 30 is in contact with the outer side surface of the upper quadrangular plunger 19, the lower end of each cutting blade 30 is respectively stretched into the gap, and the lower end of each cutting blade 30 is provided with a cutting blade.
The lower pressurizing system comprises a lower pressurizing hydraulic cylinder 12, a lower horizontal guide plate 29 and a lower four-edge plunger 9, wherein the lower end of a cylinder body of the lower pressurizing hydraulic cylinder 12 is fixed at the bottom of the concrete fixing groove 2, the lower horizontal guide plate 29 is connected to the four bearing upright posts 3 in a sliding manner, the upper end of a telescopic rod of the lower pressurizing hydraulic cylinder 12 is connected to the lower surface of the lower horizontal guide plate 29, the lower end of the lower four-edge plunger 9 is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the lower horizontal guide plate 29, the cross section of the lower four-edge plunger 9 is matched with a rectangular hole at the bottom of the molding box 1, and the upper end part of the lower four-edge plunger 9 stretches into the rectangular hole at the bottom of the molding box 1;
the left pressurizing system comprises a left pressurizing hydraulic cylinder 10, a left vertical guide plate 27, a left four-edge plunger 7 and four left positioning guide posts 15, wherein the four left positioning guide posts 15 are horizontally arranged along the left-right direction, the left end of the left positioning guide post 15 is poured into the left side wall of the concrete fixing groove 2, the right end of the left positioning guide post 15 is fixedly connected with the left side wall of the molding box 1, the left vertical guide plate 27 is slidingly connected onto the four left positioning guide posts 15, the left end of a cylinder body of the left pressurizing hydraulic cylinder 10 is fixedly connected onto the left side wall of the concrete fixing groove 2, the right end of a telescopic rod of the left pressurizing hydraulic cylinder 10 is connected with the left side surface of the left vertical guide plate 27, the left end of the left four-edge plunger 7 is fixedly connected onto the right side surface of the left vertical guide plate 27, the cross section of the left four-edge plunger 7 is matched with a rectangular hole on the left side part of the molding box 1, and the left end of the left four-edge plunger 7 stretches into a rectangular hole on the left side part of the molding box 1;
the front pressurizing system comprises a front pressurizing hydraulic cylinder 11, a front vertical guide plate 28, a front four-edge plunger 8 and four front positioning guide posts 16, wherein the four front positioning guide posts 16 are horizontally arranged along the front-rear direction, the front ends of the front positioning guide posts 16 are poured into the front side wall of the concrete fixing groove 2, the rear ends of the front positioning guide posts 16 are fixedly connected with the front side wall of the molding box 1, the front vertical guide plate 28 is slidably connected onto the four front positioning guide posts 16, the front end of a cylinder body of the front pressurizing hydraulic cylinder 11 is fixedly arranged on the front side wall of the concrete fixing groove 2, the rear end of a telescopic rod of the front pressurizing hydraulic cylinder 11 is connected with the front side surface of the front vertical guide plate 28, the front end of the front four-edge plunger 8 is fixedly connected with the rear side surface of the front vertical guide plate 28, the cross section of the front four-edge plunger 8 is matched with a rectangular hole on the front side part of the molding box 1, and the rear end of the front four-edge plunger 8 extends into a rectangular hole on the front side part of the molding box 1.
The bottom in the concrete fixed tank 2 is provided with a lower infrared displacement sensor 17, the left side part in the concrete fixed tank 2 is provided with a left infrared displacement sensor 5 adjacent to the left pressurizing system, and the front side part in the concrete fixed tank 2 is provided with a front infrared displacement sensor 4 adjacent to the front pressurizing system.
The sample preparation method of the three-axis sample preparation device for constructing the coal briquette with controllable apparent density comprises the following steps,
(1) Firstly weighing pulverized coal, then adding a binder, and uniformly stirring to obtain a coal sample;
(2) Loading a coal sample into a compression mold cavity 18 of the molding box 1;
(3) Pre-pressing a coal sample;
(4) Pressing a coal sample to prepare a molded coal sample;
(5) Taking out a molded coal sample;
(6) The scrap in the die cavity 18 of the molding box 1 is cleaned.
The specific process of the step (1) is as follows: the mass of the required coal powder is calculated according to the density of the molded coal to be pressed, and the calculation formula is as follows:
wherein:is the total mass (g) of the pulverized coal and the binder, -a combination of the pulverized coal and the binder>Set Density (g/cm) for experiments 3 ) V is the molding part volume (cm) 3 ) Body of compression mould cavity (18)The product is->Pouring a certain amount of binder into the weighed pulverized coal, wherein the mass of the binder is 5-6% of that of the pulverized coal, and uniformly stirring for later use.
The specific process of the step (2) is as follows: starting a multi-stage hydraulic cylinder 24, contracting the multi-stage hydraulic cylinder 24 to enable the movable plate 13 to move upwards along the bearing upright post 3, starting a sample cutting hydraulic cylinder 22, contracting the sample cutting hydraulic cylinder 22 to the shortest, and enabling the lower end of the upper quadrangular plunger 19 to leave the rectangular hole at the top of the molding box 1 upwards until enough space is reserved, and filling coal samples into the molding cavity 18 through the rectangular hole at the top of the molding box 1; starting the left pressurizing hydraulic cylinder 10 to enable the left pressurizing hydraulic cylinder 10 to shrink to the shortest, wherein the right end face of the left quadrangular plunger 7 is just positioned at the outer port of the rectangular hole at the left side part of the molding box 1; starting the front pressurizing hydraulic cylinder 11 to enable the front pressurizing hydraulic cylinder 11 to be contracted to the shortest, wherein the rear end face of the front quadrangular plunger 8 is just positioned at the outer port of the rectangular hole at the front side part of the molding box 1; starting a lower pressurizing hydraulic cylinder 12 to enable the lower pressurizing hydraulic cylinder 12 to shrink to the shortest, wherein the upper end surface of the lower quadrangular plunger 9 is just positioned at the outer port of the rectangular hole at the bottom of the molding box 1; pouring the weighed coal sample which is uniformly stirred into the compression mold cavity 18 from a rectangular hole at the top of the molding box 1, leveling the coal dust while chamfering until the coal dust is completely filled into the compression mold cavity 18.
The specific process of the step (3) is as follows: starting a sample cutting hydraulic cylinder 22 to enable the lower edge of a cutting blade 30 to be flush with the lower end face of an upper quadrangular plunger 19, starting a multi-stage hydraulic cylinder 24 to extend, driving the lower ends of the upper quadrangular plunger 19 and the cutting blade 30 to be completely filled into a rectangular hole at the top of a die box 1, and simultaneously returning the readings of a lower infrared displacement sensor 17, a left infrared displacement sensor 5 and a front infrared displacement sensor 4 to 0; starting a lower pressurizing hydraulic cylinder 12, a front pressurizing hydraulic cylinder 11 and a left pressurizing hydraulic cylinder 10, extending the lower pressurizing hydraulic cylinder 12, the front pressurizing hydraulic cylinder 11 and the left pressurizing hydraulic cylinder 10, respectively driving a lower four-edge plunger 9, a front four-edge plunger 8 and a left four-edge plunger 7 to move towards a compression mold cavity 18, and primarily compressing coal samples, wherein the lower pressurizing hydraulic cylinder 12 and the front pressurizing hydraulic cylinder 11 are used for performing primary compression on the coal samplesAnd the pressure of the left pressurizing hydraulic cylinder 10 reaches 10MPa, the readings of the lower infrared displacement sensor 17, the left infrared displacement sensor 5 and the front infrared displacement sensor 4 are kept consistent, the pressure is maintained for 10min, the forming of the coal sample is ensured as much as possible in the process, the air in the coal sample is discharged to prevent the non-uniform pressing of the sample, and the density of the coal sample is calculated at the momentThe calculation formula of the apparent density of the coal sample at the time t is as follows:
wherein:for the apparent density (cm) of the coal sample at time t 3 ），/>To calculate the total mass (g) of the sample, -a sample is prepared>For the displacement value (cm) of the lower pressure cylinder 12 measured by the lower infrared displacement sensor 17, a>The displacement value (cm) of the left pressurizing hydraulic cylinder 10 measured by the left infrared displacement sensor 5; />The displacement value (cm) of the front pressurizing hydraulic cylinder 11 measured by the front infrared displacement sensor 4;
the specific process of the step (4) is as follows: according to the calculation formula, the apparent density of the coal sample is calculated on line, the lower pressurizing hydraulic cylinder 12, the front pressurizing hydraulic cylinder 11 and the left pressurizing hydraulic cylinder 10 are continuously started to extend, the lower four-edge plunger 9, the front four-edge plunger 8 and the left four-edge plunger 7 are driven to advance towards the compression mold cavity 18 at the same speed until the monitored density reaches the specified density, at the moment, the lower pressurizing hydraulic cylinder 12, the front pressurizing hydraulic cylinder 11 and the left pressurizing hydraulic cylinder 10 are regulated, the readings of the lower infrared displacement sensor 17, the left infrared displacement sensor 5 and the front infrared displacement sensor 4 are kept unchanged, and the displacement condition is kept unchanged for 60 minutes; and then the lower pressurizing hydraulic cylinder 12, the front pressurizing hydraulic cylinder 11 and the left pressurizing hydraulic cylinder 10 are started to slowly release the pressure until the pressures of the lower pressurizing hydraulic cylinder, the front pressurizing hydraulic cylinder and the left pressurizing hydraulic cylinder are 10MPa, and the pressure release is stopped.
The specific process of the step (5) is as follows: starting the sample cutting hydraulic cylinder 22, driving the cutting blade 30 to slowly descend until the cutting blade 30 completely cuts into the die cavity 18, and stopping pressurizing the sample cutting hydraulic cylinder 22 at the moment; starting the front pressurizing hydraulic cylinder 11 and the left pressurizing hydraulic cylinder 10, and discharging the pressures in the front-rear direction and the left-right direction; starting a lower pressurizing hydraulic cylinder 12, driving to enable a lower four-edge plunger 9 to ascend, synchronously starting a multi-stage hydraulic cylinder 24 to enable a movable plate 13, an upper four-edge plunger 19, a cutting blade 30, the lower four-edge plunger 9 and a lower horizontal guide plate 29 to ascend together with the cut coal sample synchronously and slowly until the lower four-edge plunger 9 completely enters the molding box 1, stopping pressurizing the lower pressurizing hydraulic cylinder 12, closing the multi-stage hydraulic cylinder 24, removing the cutting blades 30 on two adjacent sides of the multi-stage hydraulic cylinder, namely removing the fixing screws 26, removing the L-shaped connecting plate 20 and the cutting blades 30, starting the multi-stage hydraulic cylinder 24 again, and enabling the movable plate 13 and the upper four-edge plunger 19 to continuously ascend to a proper height to take out the molded coal sample;
the specific process of the step (6) is as follows: the lower pressurizing hydraulic cylinder 12 is started to be contracted to the shortest, the front pressurizing hydraulic cylinder 11 and the left pressurizing hydraulic cylinder 10 are started, the front quadrangular plunger 8 and the left quadrangular plunger 7 completely enter the molding box 1, at the moment, the rear end face of the front quadrangular plunger 8 is flush with the front side wall of the molding cavity 18, the right end face of the left quadrangular plunger 7 is flush with the left side wall of the molding cavity 18, then the lower pressurizing hydraulic cylinder 12 is started to enable the lower quadrangular plunger 9 to completely enter the molding box 1 upwards, the upper end of the lower quadrangular plunger 9 extends out of the molding cavity 18, coal sample waste is taken out from the upper end face of the lower quadrangular plunger 9, and the upper end face of the lower quadrangular plunger 9 is cleaned, so that waste cleaning operation is completed.
By adopting the technical scheme, compared with the existing briquette pressing device, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) The triaxial pressing process is more in line with the stress state of the original stratum, and the stress distribution of the sample in the briquette pressing process is more uniform;
(2) The apparent density change of the coal sample can be monitored in the process of compacting the molded coal, so that the compacting degree of different coal samples can be controlled;
(3) According to the corresponding standard, the prepared coal dust is placed into a die cavity, and the lower pressurizing system, the left pressurizing system and the front pressurizing system are operated to simultaneously pressurize in three directions, so that a standard sample suitable for experiments with larger requirements on the size of a coal sample such as coal body fracturing can be obtained; after the briquette is pressed, the briquette sample has no stress difference in all directions of the triaxial in the demoulding process, and the cutting blades are sequentially removed in sampling, so that the damage of the coal sample in the demoulding process is reduced to the greatest extent.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a left side cross-sectional view of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a top cross-sectional view of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a cross-sectional elevation of a sampling system according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
As shown in fig. 1-4, the density-controllable three-axis sample preparation device for the structural coal block-shaped coal comprises a concrete fixing groove 2 with an open top, wherein four bearing upright posts 3 arranged in a rectangular array are pre-buried in the bottom of the concrete fixing groove 2, and the upper ends of the four bearing upright posts 3 extend out of the concrete fixing groove 2 and are horizontally provided with a fixing plate 14;
the upper portion is provided with the moulding box 1 that wholly is cuboid shape in the concrete fixed slot 2, the right flank and the trailing flank of moulding box 1 are all pour in the right side wall and the trailing sidewall of concrete fixed slot 2, four bearing posts 3 pass perpendicularly and become moulding box 1 fixed connection, the top of moulding box 1, the bottom, left side and preceding lateral part all are provided with a rectangular hole, the cross section of moulding cavity 18 in moulding box 1 inside, the rectangular hole of top and bottom equal and the upper and lower correspondence of rectangular hole size, be provided with between the top of moulding box 1 and the fixed plate 14, be provided with the cutting sampling system on the upper positioning shutoff system, be provided with down the pressurization system between the bottom of moulding box 1 and the concrete fixed slot 2 bottom, be provided with left pressurization system between the left side of moulding box 1 and the concrete fixed slot 2 left side wall, be provided with preceding pressurization system between the preceding lateral part of moulding box 1 and the concrete fixed slot 2 front side wall.
The upper positioning plugging system comprises a multistage hydraulic cylinder 24, a movable plate 13 and an upper quadrangular plunger 19, wherein the upper end of a cylinder body of the multistage hydraulic cylinder 24 is fixed on the lower surface of a fixed plate 14, the movable plate 13 is parallel to the fixed plate 14 and is slidably connected to four bearing upright posts 3, the lower end of a telescopic rod of the multistage hydraulic cylinder 24 is connected with the upper surface of the movable plate 13, the upper end of the upper quadrangular plunger 19 is fixedly connected to the lower surface of the movable plate 13, the lower end of the upper quadrangular plunger 19 correspondingly stretches into a rectangular hole at the top of a molding box 1, and a gap of 0.5-1mm is reserved between the periphery of the side part of the lower end of the upper quadrangular plunger 19 and the wall of the rectangular hole at the top of the molding box 1.
The cutting sampling system comprises a sample cutting hydraulic cylinder 22, a flange plate 21 and cutting blades 30, wherein two sample cutting hydraulic cylinders 22 are arranged, four cutting blades 30 are arranged, a through hole for penetrating through an upper quadrangular plunger 19 is formed in the middle of the flange plate 21, the flange plate 21 is located below the movable plate 13, the flange plate 21 is parallel to the movable plate 13 and is connected to the four bearing upright posts 3 in a sliding mode, the two sample cutting hydraulic cylinders 22 are respectively arranged on the left side and the right side of the upper quadrangular plunger 19, a cylinder body of each sample cutting hydraulic cylinder 22 is fixedly connected to the lower surface of the movable plate 13, the lower end of a telescopic rod of each sample cutting hydraulic cylinder 22 is connected to the upper surface of the flange plate 21, four cutting blades 30 are respectively arranged around the upper quadrangular plunger 19, the upper end of each cutting blade 30 is connected with an L-shaped connecting plate 20, the L-shaped connecting plate 20 is connected to the lower surface of the flange plate 21 through a fixed screw 26, the inner surface of each cutting blade 30 is in contact with the outer side surface of the upper quadrangular plunger 19, the lower end of each cutting blade 30 is respectively stretched into the gap, and the lower end of each cutting blade 30 is provided with a cutting blade.
The lower pressurizing system comprises a lower pressurizing hydraulic cylinder 12, a lower horizontal guide plate 29 and a lower four-edge plunger 9, wherein the lower end of a cylinder body of the lower pressurizing hydraulic cylinder 12 is fixed at the bottom of the concrete fixing groove 2, the lower horizontal guide plate 29 is connected to the four bearing upright posts 3 in a sliding manner, the upper end of a telescopic rod of the lower pressurizing hydraulic cylinder 12 is connected to the lower surface of the lower horizontal guide plate 29, the lower end of the lower four-edge plunger 9 is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the lower horizontal guide plate 29, the cross section of the lower four-edge plunger 9 is matched with a rectangular hole at the bottom of the molding box 1, and the upper end part of the lower four-edge plunger 9 stretches into the rectangular hole at the bottom of the molding box 1;
the left pressurizing system comprises a left pressurizing hydraulic cylinder 10, a left vertical guide plate 27, a left four-edge plunger 7 and four left positioning guide posts 15, wherein the four left positioning guide posts 15 are horizontally arranged along the left-right direction, the left end of the left positioning guide post 15 is poured into the left side wall of the concrete fixing groove 2, the right end of the left positioning guide post 15 is fixedly connected with the left side wall of the molding box 1, the left vertical guide plate 27 is slidingly connected onto the four left positioning guide posts 15, the left end of a cylinder body of the left pressurizing hydraulic cylinder 10 is fixedly connected onto the left side wall of the concrete fixing groove 2, the right end of a telescopic rod of the left pressurizing hydraulic cylinder 10 is connected with the left side surface of the left vertical guide plate 27, the left end of the left four-edge plunger 7 is fixedly connected onto the right side surface of the left vertical guide plate 27, the cross section of the left four-edge plunger 7 is matched with a rectangular hole on the left side part of the molding box 1, and the left end of the left four-edge plunger 7 stretches into a rectangular hole on the left side part of the molding box 1;
the front pressurizing system comprises a front pressurizing hydraulic cylinder 11, a front vertical guide plate 28, a front four-edge plunger 8 and four front positioning guide posts 16, wherein the four front positioning guide posts 16 are horizontally arranged along the front-rear direction, the front ends of the front positioning guide posts 16 are poured into the front side wall of the concrete fixing groove 2, the rear ends of the front positioning guide posts 16 are fixedly connected with the front side wall of the molding box 1, the front vertical guide plate 28 is slidably connected onto the four front positioning guide posts 16, the front end of a cylinder body of the front pressurizing hydraulic cylinder 11 is fixedly arranged on the front side wall of the concrete fixing groove 2, the rear end of a telescopic rod of the front pressurizing hydraulic cylinder 11 is connected with the front side surface of the front vertical guide plate 28, the front end of the front four-edge plunger 8 is fixedly connected with the rear side surface of the front vertical guide plate 28, the cross section of the front four-edge plunger 8 is matched with a rectangular hole on the front side part of the molding box 1, and the rear end of the front four-edge plunger 8 extends into a rectangular hole on the front side part of the molding box 1.
The bottom in the concrete fixed tank 2 is provided with a lower infrared displacement sensor 17, the left side part in the concrete fixed tank 2 is provided with a left infrared displacement sensor 5 adjacent to the left pressurizing system, and the front side part in the concrete fixed tank 2 is provided with a front infrared displacement sensor 4 adjacent to the front pressurizing system.
The sample preparation method of the three-axis sample preparation device for constructing the coal briquette with controllable apparent density comprises the following steps,
(1) Firstly weighing pulverized coal, then adding a binder, and uniformly stirring to obtain a coal sample;
(2) Loading a coal sample into a compression mold cavity 18 of the molding box 1;
(3) Pre-pressing a coal sample;
(4) Pressing a coal sample to prepare a molded coal sample;
(5) Taking out a molded coal sample;
(6) The scrap in the die cavity 18 of the molding box 1 is cleaned.
The specific process of the step (1) is as follows: the mass of the required coal powder is calculated according to the density of the molded coal to be pressed, and the calculation formula is as follows:
wherein:is the total mass (g) of the pulverized coal and the binder, -a combination of the pulverized coal and the binder>Set Density (g/cm) for experiments 3 ) V is the molding part volume (cm) 3 ) The volume of the die cavity (18) is +.>Pouring a certain amount of binder into the weighed pulverized coal, wherein the mass of the binder is 5-6% of that of the pulverized coal, and uniformly stirring for later use.
The specific process of the step (2) is as follows: starting a multi-stage hydraulic cylinder 24, contracting the multi-stage hydraulic cylinder 24 to enable the movable plate 13 to move upwards along the bearing upright post 3, starting a sample cutting hydraulic cylinder 22, contracting the sample cutting hydraulic cylinder 22 to the shortest, and enabling the lower end of the upper quadrangular plunger 19 to leave the rectangular hole at the top of the molding box 1 upwards until enough space is reserved, and filling coal samples into the molding cavity 18 through the rectangular hole at the top of the molding box 1; starting the left pressurizing hydraulic cylinder 10 to enable the left pressurizing hydraulic cylinder 10 to shrink to the shortest, wherein the right end face of the left quadrangular plunger 7 is just positioned at the outer port of the rectangular hole at the left side part of the molding box 1; starting the front pressurizing hydraulic cylinder 11 to enable the front pressurizing hydraulic cylinder 11 to be contracted to the shortest, wherein the rear end face of the front quadrangular plunger 8 is just positioned at the outer port of the rectangular hole at the front side part of the molding box 1; starting a lower pressurizing hydraulic cylinder 12 to enable the lower pressurizing hydraulic cylinder 12 to shrink to the shortest, wherein the upper end surface of the lower quadrangular plunger 9 is just positioned at the outer port of the rectangular hole at the bottom of the molding box 1; pouring the weighed coal sample which is uniformly stirred into the compression mold cavity 18 from a rectangular hole at the top of the molding box 1, leveling the coal dust while chamfering until the coal dust is completely filled into the compression mold cavity 18.
The specific process of the step (3) is as follows: starting a sample cutting hydraulic cylinder 22 to enable the lower edge of a cutting blade 30 to be flush with the lower end face of an upper quadrangular plunger 19, starting a multi-stage hydraulic cylinder 24 to extend, driving the lower ends of the upper quadrangular plunger 19 and the cutting blade 30 to be completely filled into a rectangular hole at the top of a die box 1, and simultaneously returning the readings of a lower infrared displacement sensor 17, a left infrared displacement sensor 5 and a front infrared displacement sensor 4 to 0; starting a lower pressurizing hydraulic cylinder 12, a front pressurizing hydraulic cylinder 11 and a left pressurizing hydraulic cylinder 10, wherein the lower pressurizing hydraulic cylinder 12, the front pressurizing hydraulic cylinder 11 and the left pressurizing hydraulic cylinder 10 stretch, respectively drive a lower four-edge plunger 9, a front four-edge plunger 8 and a left four-edge plunger 7 to move towards a compression mold cavity 18, initially compressing a coal sample, enabling the pressure of the lower pressurizing hydraulic cylinder 12, the front pressurizing hydraulic cylinder 11 and the left pressurizing hydraulic cylinder 10 to reach 10MPa, keeping the readings of a lower infrared displacement sensor 17, a left infrared displacement sensor 5 and a front infrared displacement sensor 4 consistent, maintaining the pressure for 10min, ensuring the molding of the coal sample as much as possible, discharging air in the coal sample to prevent the non-uniformity of the compressed sample, and calculating the density of the coal sample at the momentThe calculation formula of the apparent density of the coal sample at the time t is as follows:
wherein:for the apparent density (cm) of the coal sample at time t 3 ），/>To calculate the total mass (g) of the sample, -a sample is prepared>For the displacement value (cm) of the lower pressure cylinder 12 measured by the lower infrared displacement sensor 17, a>The displacement value (cm) of the left pressurizing hydraulic cylinder 10 measured by the left infrared displacement sensor 5; />The displacement value (cm) of the front pressurizing hydraulic cylinder 11 measured by the front infrared displacement sensor 4;
the specific process of the step (4) is as follows: according to the calculation formula, the apparent density of the coal sample is calculated on line, the lower pressurizing hydraulic cylinder 12, the front pressurizing hydraulic cylinder 11 and the left pressurizing hydraulic cylinder 10 are continuously started to extend, the lower four-edge plunger 9, the front four-edge plunger 8 and the left four-edge plunger 7 are driven to advance towards the compression mold cavity 18 at the same speed until the monitored density reaches the specified density, at the moment, the lower pressurizing hydraulic cylinder 12, the front pressurizing hydraulic cylinder 11 and the left pressurizing hydraulic cylinder 10 are regulated, the readings of the lower infrared displacement sensor 17, the left infrared displacement sensor 5 and the front infrared displacement sensor 4 are kept unchanged, and the displacement condition is kept unchanged for 60 minutes; and then the lower pressurizing hydraulic cylinder 12, the front pressurizing hydraulic cylinder 11 and the left pressurizing hydraulic cylinder 10 are started to slowly release the pressure until the pressures of the lower pressurizing hydraulic cylinder, the front pressurizing hydraulic cylinder and the left pressurizing hydraulic cylinder are 10MPa, and the pressure release is stopped.
The specific process of the step (5) is as follows: starting the sample cutting hydraulic cylinder 22, driving the cutting blade 30 to slowly descend until the cutting blade 30 completely cuts into the die cavity 18, and stopping pressurizing the sample cutting hydraulic cylinder 22 at the moment; starting the front pressurizing hydraulic cylinder 11 and the left pressurizing hydraulic cylinder 10, and discharging the pressures in the front-rear direction and the left-right direction; starting a lower pressurizing hydraulic cylinder 12, driving to enable a lower four-edge plunger 9 to ascend, synchronously starting a multi-stage hydraulic cylinder 24 to enable a movable plate 13, an upper four-edge plunger 19, a cutting blade 30, the lower four-edge plunger 9 and a lower horizontal guide plate 29 to ascend together with the cut coal sample synchronously and slowly until the lower four-edge plunger 9 completely enters the molding box 1, stopping pressurizing the lower pressurizing hydraulic cylinder 12, closing the multi-stage hydraulic cylinder 24, removing the cutting blades 30 on two adjacent sides of the multi-stage hydraulic cylinder, namely removing the fixing screws 26, removing the L-shaped connecting plate 20 and the cutting blades 30, starting the multi-stage hydraulic cylinder 24 again, and enabling the movable plate 13 and the upper four-edge plunger 19 to continuously ascend to a proper height to take out the molded coal sample;
the specific process of the step (6) is as follows: the lower pressurizing hydraulic cylinder 12 is started to be contracted to the shortest, the front pressurizing hydraulic cylinder 11 and the left pressurizing hydraulic cylinder 10 are started, the front quadrangular plunger 8 and the left quadrangular plunger 7 completely enter the molding box 1, at the moment, the rear end face of the front quadrangular plunger 8 is flush with the front side wall of the molding cavity 18, the right end face of the left quadrangular plunger 7 is flush with the left side wall of the molding cavity 18, then the lower pressurizing hydraulic cylinder 12 is started to enable the lower quadrangular plunger 9 to completely enter the molding box 1 upwards, the upper end of the lower quadrangular plunger 9 extends out of the molding cavity 18, coal sample waste is taken out from the upper end face of the lower quadrangular plunger 9, and the upper end face of the lower quadrangular plunger 9 is cleaned, so that waste cleaning operation is completed.
The present embodiment is not limited in any way by the shape, material, structure, etc. of the present invention, and any simple modification, equivalent variation and modification made to the above embodiments according to the technical substance of the present invention are all included in the scope of protection of the technical solution of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. Visual density controllable structure coal lump coal triaxial sample preparation device, its characterized in that: the concrete fixing device comprises a concrete fixing groove (2) with an open top, wherein four bearing upright posts (3) which are arranged in a rectangular array are pre-buried in the inner bottom of the concrete fixing groove (2), and the upper ends of the four bearing upright posts (3) extend out of the concrete fixing groove (2) and are horizontally provided with a fixing plate (14);
the upper part in the concrete fixed tank (2) is provided with a molding box (1) which is in a cuboid shape as a whole, the right side surface and the rear side surface of the molding box (1) are respectively poured into the right side wall and the rear side wall of the concrete fixed tank (2), four bearing upright posts (3) vertically penetrate through the side wall of the molding box (1) and are fixedly connected with the molding box (1), the top, the bottom, the left side and the front side of the molding box (1) are respectively provided with a rectangular hole, the cross section of a molding cavity (18) in the molding box (1), the rectangular holes of the top and the rectangular holes of the bottom are equal in size and correspond up and down, an upper positioning plugging system is arranged between the top of the molding box (1) and a fixed plate (14), a lower pressurizing system is arranged between the bottom of the molding box (1) and the bottom of the concrete fixed tank (2), a left pressurizing system is arranged between the left side of the molding box (1) and the left side wall of the concrete fixed tank (2), and a front pressurizing system is arranged between the front side of the molding box (1) and the concrete fixed tank (2);
the upper positioning plugging system comprises a multistage hydraulic cylinder (24), a movable plate (13) and an upper quadrangular plunger (19), wherein the upper end of a cylinder body of the multistage hydraulic cylinder (24) is fixed on the lower surface of a fixed plate (14), the movable plate (13) is parallel to the fixed plate (14) and is connected to four bearing upright posts (3) in a sliding manner, the lower end of a telescopic rod of the multistage hydraulic cylinder (24) is connected with the upper surface of the movable plate (13), the upper end of the upper quadrangular plunger (19) is fixedly connected to the lower surface of the movable plate (13), the lower end of the upper quadrangular plunger (19) correspondingly stretches into a rectangular hole at the top of a molding box (1), and a gap of 0.5-1mm is reserved between the periphery of the side part of the lower end of the upper quadrangular plunger (19) and the wall of the rectangular hole at the top of the molding box (1);
the cutting sampling system comprises a sample cutting hydraulic cylinder (22), a flange plate (21) and cutting blades (30), wherein the sample cutting hydraulic cylinder (22) is provided with two sample cutting hydraulic cylinders, the lower ends of telescopic rods of the sample cutting hydraulic cylinders (22) are connected to the upper surface of the movable plate (13), the four cutting blades (30) are respectively arranged around the upper four-edge plunger (19), the upper end of each cutting blade (30) is connected with an L-shaped connecting plate (20), the L-shaped connecting plates (20) are connected to the lower surface of the flange plate (21) through fixing screws (26) and are connected to the four bearing upright posts (3) in a sliding manner, the cylinder bodies of the sample cutting hydraulic cylinders (22) are fixedly connected to the lower surface of the movable plate (13), the lower ends of telescopic rods of the sample cutting hydraulic cylinders (22) are connected to the upper surface of the flange plate (21), and the four cutting blades (30) are respectively arranged around the upper four-edge plunger (19), and each cutting blade (30) is connected to the inner surface of the lower surface of the flange plate (21) through fixing screws (26) and extends into the lower surface of each cutting blade (30);
the lower pressurizing system comprises a lower pressurizing hydraulic cylinder (12), a lower horizontal guide plate (29) and a lower quadrangular plunger (9), the lower end of a cylinder body of the lower pressurizing hydraulic cylinder (12) is fixed at the bottom of a concrete fixing groove (2), the lower horizontal guide plate (29) is slidably connected to four bearing upright posts (3), the upper end of a telescopic rod of the lower pressurizing hydraulic cylinder (12) is connected to the lower surface of the lower horizontal guide plate (29), the lower end of the lower quadrangular plunger (9) is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the lower horizontal guide plate (29), the cross section of the lower quadrangular plunger (9) is matched with a rectangular hole at the bottom of a molding box (1), and the upper end of the lower quadrangular plunger (9) extends into the rectangular hole at the bottom of the molding box (1);
the left pressurizing system comprises a left pressurizing hydraulic cylinder (10), a left vertical guide plate (27), a left four-edge plunger (7) and four left positioning guide posts (15), wherein the four left positioning guide posts (15) are horizontally arranged along the left-right direction, the left end of each left positioning guide post (15) is poured into the left side wall of a concrete fixed groove (2), the right end of each left positioning guide post (15) is fixedly connected with the left side wall of a molding box (1), the left vertical guide plate (27) is slidably connected onto the four left positioning guide posts (15), the left end of a cylinder body of the left pressurizing hydraulic cylinder (10) is fixedly connected onto the left side wall of the concrete fixed groove (2), the right end of a telescopic rod of the left pressurizing hydraulic cylinder (10) is connected with the left side surface of the left vertical guide plate (27), the left end of each left four-edge plunger (7) is fixedly connected onto the right side surface of the left vertical guide plate (27), the cross section of each left four-edge plunger (7) is matched with a rectangular hole on the left side of the molding box (1), and the left end of each left four-edge plunger (7) stretches into a rectangular hole on the left side of the molding box (1);
the front pressurizing system comprises a front pressurizing hydraulic cylinder (11), a front vertical guide plate (28), a front four-edge plunger (8) and four front positioning guide posts (16), wherein the four front positioning guide posts (16) are horizontally arranged along the front-rear direction, the front ends of the front positioning guide posts (16) are poured into the front side wall of a concrete fixing groove (2), the rear ends of the front positioning guide posts (16) are fixedly connected with the front side wall of a molding box (1), the front vertical guide plates (28) are slidably connected onto the four front positioning guide posts (16), the front ends of the cylinder bodies of the front pressurizing hydraulic cylinder (11) are fixed on the front side wall of the concrete fixing groove (2), the rear ends of telescopic rods of the front pressurizing hydraulic cylinder (11) are connected with the front side surfaces of the front vertical guide plates (28), the front ends of the front four-edge plunger (8) are fixedly connected to the rear side surfaces of the front vertical guide plates (28), the cross sections of the front four-edge plunger (8) are matched with rectangular holes on the front side parts of the molding box (1), and the rear ends of the front four-edge plunger (8) extend into rectangular holes on the front side parts of the molding box (1);
the inner bottom of the concrete fixed groove (2) is provided with a lower infrared displacement sensor (17), the left side part of the inner side of the concrete fixed groove (2) is provided with a left infrared displacement sensor (5) adjacent to the left pressurizing system, and the front side part of the inner side of the concrete fixed groove (2) is provided with a front infrared displacement sensor (4) adjacent to the front pressurizing system.
2. A method for preparing a three-axis sample using the density-controllable structured coal briquette three-axis sample preparing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein: comprises the steps of,
(1) Firstly weighing pulverized coal, then adding a binder, and uniformly stirring to obtain a coal sample;
(2) Loading a coal sample into a compression molding cavity (18) of a molding box (1);
(3) Pre-pressing a coal sample;
(4) Pressing a coal sample to prepare a molded coal sample;
(5) Taking out a molded coal sample;
(6) Cleaning the waste material in the compression mold cavity (18) of the molding box (1).
3. The sample preparation method of the visual density controllable three-axis sample preparation device for constructing coal briquette according to claim 2, wherein the method comprises the following steps of: the specific process of the step (1) is as follows: the mass of the required coal powder is calculated according to the density of the molded coal to be pressed, and the calculation formula is as follows:
wherein: m is m Total (S) Is the total mass (g) of the pulverized coal and the binder, -a combination of the pulverized coal and the binder>Set apparent Density (g/cm) for experiments 3 ) V is the molding part volume (cm) 3 ) The volume of the die cavity (18) is +.>Pouring a certain amount of binder into the weighed pulverized coal, wherein the mass of the binder is 5-6% of that of the pulverized coal, and uniformly stirring for later use.
4. A method for preparing a three-axis sample preparation device for constructing a coal briquette with controllable apparent density according to claim 3, wherein: the specific process of the step (2) is as follows: starting a multi-stage hydraulic cylinder (24), contracting the multi-stage hydraulic cylinder (24) to enable the movable plate (13) to move upwards along the bearing upright post (3), starting a sample cutting hydraulic cylinder (22), contracting the sample cutting hydraulic cylinder (22) to the shortest, and enabling the lower end of the upper quadrangular plunger (19) to leave a rectangular hole at the top of the molding box (1) upwards until enough space is reserved, and filling coal samples into the molding cavity (18) through the rectangular hole at the top of the molding box (1); starting a left pressurizing hydraulic cylinder (10) to enable the left pressurizing hydraulic cylinder (10) to shrink to the shortest, wherein the right end face of the left quadrangular plunger (7) is just positioned at the outer port of the rectangular hole at the left side part of the molding box (1); starting a front pressurizing hydraulic cylinder (11) to enable the front pressurizing hydraulic cylinder (11) to shrink to the shortest, wherein the rear end face of the front quadrangular plunger (8) is just positioned at the outer port of the rectangular hole at the front side part of the molding box (1); starting a lower pressurizing hydraulic cylinder (12) to enable the lower pressurizing hydraulic cylinder (12) to shrink to the shortest, wherein the upper end face of the lower quadrangular plunger (9) is just positioned at the outer port of the rectangular hole at the bottom of the molding box (1); pouring the weighed coal sample with uniform stirring into a compression mold cavity (18) from a rectangular hole at the top of a molding box (1), leveling coal dust while chamfering until the coal dust is completely filled into the compression mold cavity (18).
5. The sample preparation method of the visual density controllable three-axis sample preparation device for constructing coal briquette according to claim 4, wherein the method comprises the following steps of: the specific process of the step (3) is as follows: starting a sample cutting hydraulic cylinder (22) to enable the lower edge of a cutting blade (30) to be flush with the lower end face of an upper quadrangular plunger (19), starting a multi-stage hydraulic cylinder (24), extending the multi-stage hydraulic cylinder (24), driving the lower ends of the upper quadrangular plunger (19) and the cutting blade (30) to be completely filled into a rectangular hole at the top of a die box (1), and simultaneously returning the readings of a lower infrared displacement sensor (17), a left infrared displacement sensor (5) and a front infrared displacement sensor (4) to 0; starting a lower pressurizing hydraulic cylinder (12), a front pressurizing hydraulic cylinder (11) and a left pressurizing hydraulic cylinder (10), extending the lower pressurizing hydraulic cylinder (12), the front pressurizing hydraulic cylinder (11) and the left pressurizing hydraulic cylinder (10), respectively driving a lower four-edge plunger (9), a front four-edge plunger (8) and a left four-edge plunger (7) to move towards a compression molding cavity (18), primarily pressing a coal sample, enabling the pressures of the lower pressurizing hydraulic cylinder (12), the front pressurizing hydraulic cylinder (11) and the left pressurizing hydraulic cylinder (10) to reach 10MPa, keeping the readings of a lower infrared displacement sensor (17), a left infrared displacement sensor (5) and a front infrared displacement sensor (4) consistent, maintaining the pressure for 10min, ensuring the molding of the coal sample as much as possible and discharging air in the coal sample to prevent the non-uniformity of the coal sample, and calculating the apparent density of the coal sample at the momentThe calculation formula of apparent density of the coal sample at the time t is as followsThe following steps:
wherein: />For the apparent density (cm) of the coal sample at time t 3 ），m Total (S) Is the total mass (g) of the pulverized coal and the binder, -a combination of the pulverized coal and the binder>The displacement value (cm) of the lower pressurizing hydraulic cylinder (12) measured by the lower infrared displacement sensor (17) is +.>The displacement value (cm) of the left pressurizing hydraulic cylinder (10) measured by the left infrared displacement sensor (5); />The displacement value (cm) of the front pressurizing hydraulic cylinder (11) measured by the front infrared displacement sensor (4);
the specific process of the step (4) is as follows: according to the calculation formula, the apparent density of the coal sample is calculated on line, the lower pressurizing hydraulic cylinder (12), the front pressurizing hydraulic cylinder (11) and the left pressurizing hydraulic cylinder (10) are continuously started to extend, the lower four-edge plunger (9), the front four-edge plunger (8) and the left four-edge plunger (7) are driven to advance towards the compression molding cavity (18) at the same speed until the monitored apparent density reaches the specified apparent density, at the moment, the lower pressurizing hydraulic cylinder (12), the front pressurizing hydraulic cylinder (11) and the left pressurizing hydraulic cylinder (10) are regulated, the readings of the lower infrared displacement sensor (17), the left infrared displacement sensor (5) and the front infrared displacement sensor (4) are kept unchanged, and the displacement condition is kept unchanged for 60 min; and then the lower pressurizing hydraulic cylinder (12), the front pressurizing hydraulic cylinder (11) and the left pressurizing hydraulic cylinder (10) are started to slowly release pressure until the pressures of the lower pressurizing hydraulic cylinder, the front pressurizing hydraulic cylinder and the left pressurizing hydraulic cylinder are 10MPa, and the pressure release is stopped.
6. The sample preparation method of the visual density controllable three-axis sample preparation device for constructing coal briquette according to claim 4, wherein the method comprises the following steps of: the specific process of the step (5) is as follows: starting a sample cutting hydraulic cylinder (22), driving a cutting blade (30) to slowly descend until the cutting blade (30) completely cuts into a die cavity (18), and stopping pressurizing the sample cutting hydraulic cylinder (22); starting a front pressurizing hydraulic cylinder (11) and a left pressurizing hydraulic cylinder (10), and discharging the pressure in the front-rear direction and the left-right direction; starting a lower pressurizing hydraulic cylinder (12), driving to enable a lower four-edge plunger (9) to ascend, synchronously starting a multi-stage hydraulic cylinder (24) to enable a movable plate (13), an upper four-edge plunger (19), a cutting blade (30), the lower four-edge plunger (9) and a lower horizontal guide plate (29) to ascend together with a cut molded coal sample synchronously and slowly until the lower four-edge plunger (9) completely enters the molding box (1), stopping pressurizing the lower pressurizing hydraulic cylinder (12), closing the multi-stage hydraulic cylinder (24), removing the cutting blade (30) on two adjacent sides of the lower pressurizing hydraulic cylinder, namely removing a fixed screw (26), removing an L-shaped connecting plate (20) and the cutting blade (30), starting the multi-stage hydraulic cylinder (24) again, and enabling the movable plate (13) and the upper four-edge plunger (19) to continuously ascend to a proper height to take out the molded coal sample;
the specific process of the step (6) is as follows: the lower pressurizing hydraulic cylinder (12) is started to be contracted to the shortest, the front pressurizing hydraulic cylinder (11) and the left pressurizing hydraulic cylinder (10) are started, the front quadrangular plunger (8) and the left quadrangular plunger (7) completely enter the molding box (1), the rear end face of the front quadrangular plunger (8) is flush with the front side wall of the molding cavity (18), the right end face of the left quadrangular plunger (7) is flush with the left side wall of the molding cavity (18), the lower pressurizing hydraulic cylinder (12) is started to enable the lower quadrangular plunger (9) to completely enter the molding box (1) upwards, the upper end of the lower quadrangular plunger (9) extends out of the molding cavity (18), coal sample waste is taken out from the upper end face of the lower quadrangular plunger (9), and the upper end face of the lower quadrangular plunger (9) is cleaned, so that waste cleaning operation is completed.
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