CN110132523B - Air rectifying device of wind sand wind tunnel - Google Patents
Air rectifying device of wind sand wind tunnel Download PDFInfo
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- CN110132523B CN110132523B CN201910499076.6A CN201910499076A CN110132523B CN 110132523 B CN110132523 B CN 110132523B CN 201910499076 A CN201910499076 A CN 201910499076A CN 110132523 B CN110132523 B CN 110132523B
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Abstract
The invention provides an air rectifying device of a wind-sand wind tunnel, which comprises a cuboid-shaped hole body with two open ends, and a honeycomb device, a damping net and a coarse element which are sequentially arranged in the hole body along the air inlet direction, wherein the honeycomb device comprises a first honeycomb unit, a second honeycomb unit and a third honeycomb unit which are sequentially arranged from top to bottom, the same honeycomb unit is formed by sequentially arranging and combining pipe sections with the same pipe diameter and length, the pipe diameter of the pipe section in the first honeycomb unit is larger than that of the second honeycomb unit, the pipe diameter of the pipe section in the second honeycomb unit is larger than that of the third honeycomb unit, and the coarse element is a plurality of square blocks which are uniformly arranged. The combined honeycomb device, the damping net and the coarse element are sequentially arranged from front to back, the device is compact in structure, small in size and convenient to carry and move, when a sample plot needs to be moved for surface wind and sand flow in-situ test in the field, two persons can easily complete the test in tandem, the practicability is high, and the device can be popularized and used.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a wind-sand wind tunnel for simulating a wind-sand phenomenon, in particular to an air rectifying device of the wind-sand wind tunnel.
Background
The wind-sand wind tunnel is a low-speed wind tunnel for simulating the field wind-sand phenomenon, is used for researching the change rule of wind-sand flow of different vegetation and wind erosion particles in the wind-sand migration process, has higher requirements on a simulated natural flow field, and aims of stabilizing the air flow and simulating an atmospheric boundary layer are usually realized by adopting a method of additionally installing an air rectifying device for obtaining the flow field with stable quality, uniform air flow and low turbulence.
The stable air flow is usually realized through a stable section and generally comprises a honeycomb device and a damping net, the honeycomb device is used for guiding the air flow to be straight, the air flow turbulence degree is reduced, the air flow fluctuation is reduced, the air flow velocity distribution is uniform, the honeycomb device comprises small square, round and hexagonal pipelines, the damping net can divide a large vortex into small vortices, the turbulence degree is reduced, and the air flow distribution is uniform.
The accurate simulation of the atmospheric boundary layer is an important guarantee for the flow field quality of the wind-sand wind tunnel, and the atmospheric boundary layer simulation has two methods: the method comprises the steps of natural formation and artificial formation, wherein a long experimental section with the length being 20-30 times of the width is needed for the natural formation of an atmospheric boundary layer, the required length can be greatly shortened through the artificial formation, and methods such as a grid method, a bar-grid method and a wedge method are commonly adopted. The existing air rectifying device is often large in size, difficult to move manually, single in specification, incapable of being flexibly combined and changed and poor in rectifying effect on airflow.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is to provide the air rectifying device of the wind-sand wind tunnel aiming at the defects of the prior art, and the invention has the advantages of better air flow quality, smaller equipment volume, convenient use and operation method and strong practicability.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the technical scheme that: the air rectifying device of the wind-sand wind tunnel is characterized by comprising a cuboid hole body with two open ends, and a combined honeycomb device, a damping net and a coarse element which are sequentially arranged in the hole body along the air inlet direction.
The combined honeycomb device comprises a first honeycomb unit, a second honeycomb unit and a third honeycomb unit which are sequentially arranged from top to bottom, wherein the first honeycomb unit, the second honeycomb unit and the third honeycomb unit are sequentially arranged and stacked by pipe sections with different pipe diameters to form a combined structure, the diameter and the length of the pipe sections in the same honeycomb unit are equal, and the diameters of the pipe sections in the first honeycomb unit, the second honeycomb unit and the third honeycomb unit in sequence from top to bottom in the combined honeycomb device are sequentially reduced.
The rough element comprises a plurality of cube blocks uniformly distributed on the lower bottom surface of the hole body, the side length of each cube block is 5cm, each row of the cube blocks is 3 at intervals of 15cm, 3 rows are arranged in total, and the row interval is 10 cm.
The damping net is a 20-mesh single-layer damping net.
Preferably, the length, width and height of the hole body are 1m, 0.6m and 0.5m respectively.
Preferably, the diameter of the pipe sections in the first honeycomb unit is 50mm, the length of the pipe sections is 25cm, 11-12 pipe sections are arranged in each row of the pipe sections in the first honeycomb unit, and 6 rows are arranged in total; the diameter of the pipe sections in the second honeycomb unit is 20mm, the length of the pipe sections is 15cm, and 7 rows of the pipe sections in the second honeycomb unit are arranged in total after 29-30 pipe sections in the second honeycomb unit are arranged; the diameter of the pipe sections in the third honeycomb unit is 15mm, the length of the pipe sections is 15cm, 39-40 pipe sections are arranged in each row of the pipe sections in the third honeycomb unit, 5 rows are arranged in total, the layer number arrangement of the pipe sections in each honeycomb unit can be adjusted according to the ground surface condition in actual use, and the arrangement mode is not limited to the arrangement mode with 7, 6 and 5 layers.
Preferably, the damping net is arranged behind the combined type honeycomb device in a direction perpendicular to the air inlet direction, and the damping net is attached to the side wall of the hole body without a gap.
Preferably, the left and right sides of the position of placing combination formula honeycomb ware in the hole body is provided with the draw-in groove, the below of first honeycomb unit, second honeycomb unit and third honeycomb unit all be provided with the draw-in groove cooperation is used for conveniently keeping apart, changes the buckle of honeycomb unit, when needs are to wind profile adjustment, takes combination formula honeycomb ware out, changes the honeycomb unit of suitable pipe diameter, inserts the draw-in groove can.
Preferably, a sand collector is arranged behind the rough element along the air inlet direction in the tunnel body, an air speed measuring hole for automatically measuring and calculating the air speed by a computer system is formed in the side wall behind the rough element along the air inlet direction in the tunnel body, a sensor is arranged in the wind tunnel through the air speed measuring hole, and the sensor is connected with the computer system.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
1. the combined honeycomb device, the damping net and the coarse element are sequentially arranged from front to back, the device is compact in structure, small in size and convenient to carry and move, and when a land surface wind and sand flow in-situ test needs to be carried out in the field, two persons can easily finish the test in front of each other.
2. The combined type honeycomb device designed by the invention not only plays the roles of straightening air flow, reducing vortex and improving the uniformity of the air flow of the honeycomb device in the traditional design, but also can form an atmospheric boundary layer with large air flow velocity at the upper end and small air flow velocity at the lower end by distributing the air flow space layout through the upper-end large-aperture pipeline and the lower-end small-aperture pipeline, integrally forms a logarithmic wind speed profile line which accords with the natural condition, and realizes the functions of bars, triangular wedges and other devices which are arranged in different densities at the upper part and the lower part of the atmospheric boundary layer simulation section in the traditional wind sand wind tunnel design.
3. According to the invention, the clamping grooves are arranged on the side parts of the two sides of the hole body, the honeycomb units with different pipe diameters are mutually independent, the pipe sections with the same pipe diameter are integrated, the two ends of the lower part of each honeycomb unit are fixed in the hole body by using the buckles, when the wind speed profile needs to be adjusted, the combined type honeycomb device is drawn out, the honeycomb units with the proper pipe diameters are replaced, and the adjustment and the replacement can be completed by inserting the combined type honeycomb device into the clamping grooves, so that the wind speed profile adjusting device is.
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic view of the combined structure of the combined type honeycomb device and the card slot fastener of the invention.
Fig. 3 is a partially enlarged view of the joint between the engaging groove and the engaging member of the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a statistical table of the effect of the fairing on the wind profile of the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a line graph illustrating the effect of a fairing on the wind profile at 20Hz in accordance with the present invention.
FIG. 6 is a line graph showing the effect of a fairing on the wind profile at 25Hz in accordance with the present invention.
FIG. 7 is a graph of aerodynamic roughness versus vegetation coverage in accordance with the present invention.
Fig. 8 is a structure diagram of the sand flow under the level of coverage of various vegetation in the invention.
FIG. 9 is a functional relationship between sand transport rate and height of a sand flow under different vegetation coverage in the present invention.
FIG. 10 is a vertical distribution diagram of sand transport rate of the soil with different water content in the sand soil of the present invention.
FIG. 11 is a vertical distribution of sand transport rate for soils of different water content in sandy meadow soil according to the invention.
FIG. 12 is a vertical distribution diagram of sand transport rates of soils of different water content in farmland soil in accordance with the present invention.
FIG. 13 is a table of fitting relationship of vertical distribution of sand transporting rates of soils with different water contents in the present invention.
Description of reference numerals:
1-a hole body; 2-combined honeycomb device; 3, damping net;
4-coarse element; 5, a clamping groove; 6-air intake direction;
7-a first cell unit; 8-a second cell unit; 9-a third cell;
10-buckling.
Detailed Description
As shown in figure 1, the invention comprises a cuboid hole body 1 with two open ends, and a combined type honeycomb device 2, a damping net 3 and a coarse element 4 which are sequentially arranged in the hole body 1 along an air inlet direction 6.
As shown in fig. 2, the combined type honeycomb device 2 comprises a first honeycomb unit 7, a second honeycomb unit 8 and a third honeycomb unit 9 which are sequentially arranged from top to bottom, the first honeycomb unit 7, the second honeycomb unit 8 and the third honeycomb unit 9 are formed by sequentially arranging and stacking pipe sections with different pipe diameters, the diameter and the length of the pipe sections in the same honeycomb unit are equal, and the diameters of the pipe sections in the first honeycomb unit 7, the second honeycomb unit 8 and the third honeycomb unit 9 in the combined type honeycomb device 2 are sequentially reduced from top to bottom.
The rough element 4 comprises a plurality of cube blocks uniformly distributed on the lower bottom surface of the hole body 1, the side length of each cube block is 5cm, each row of the cube blocks is provided with 3 blocks at intervals of 15cm, 3 rows are arranged, and the row interval is 10 cm.
The damping net 3 is a 20-mesh single-layer damping net.
In this embodiment, the length, width and height of the hole 1 are 1m, 0.6m and 0.5m, respectively.
In the embodiment, the diameter of the pipe sections in the first honeycomb unit 7 is 50mm, the length of the pipe sections is 25cm, 11-12 pipe sections are arranged in each row of the pipe sections in the first honeycomb unit 7, and 6 rows are arranged in total; the diameter of the pipe sections in the second honeycomb unit 8 is 20mm, the length of the pipe sections is 15cm, 29-30 pipe sections in the second honeycomb unit 8 are arranged in 7 rows; the diameter of the pipe sections in the third honeycomb unit 9 is 15mm, the length of the pipe sections is 15cm, 39-40 pipe sections are arranged in each row of the pipe sections in the third honeycomb unit 9, and 5 rows are arranged in total.
In this embodiment, the damping net 3 is arranged behind the combined type honeycomb device 2 in a direction perpendicular to the air inlet direction 6, and the damping net 3 is attached to the side wall of the hole body 1 without a gap.
As shown in fig. 3, in this embodiment, the left and right side walls of the position where the combined honeycomb device is placed in the hole body 1 are provided with the clamping grooves 5, the two sides below the first honeycomb unit 7, the second honeycomb unit 8 and the third honeycomb unit 9 are respectively provided with the buckles 10 which are matched with the clamping grooves 5 and used for conveniently isolating and replacing the honeycomb units, and when the wind speed profile needs to be adjusted, the combined honeycomb device 2 is pulled out, the honeycomb units with appropriate pipe diameters are replaced, and the combined honeycomb device is inserted into the clamping grooves 5.
In this embodiment, a sand collector is disposed behind the rough element 4 along the air inlet direction 6 in the tunnel body 1, an anemometry hole for a computer system to automatically measure and calculate the wind speed is formed in the side wall behind the rough element 4 along the air inlet direction 6 in the tunnel body 1, and a sensor is disposed in the wind tunnel 1 through the anemometry hole and connected to the computer system.
The invention can be used for researching the influence of the rectifying device on wind tunnel wind speed profile, the influence of vegetation with different coverage degrees of sand dunes on ground surface wind sand flow structure and the influence of different soil water content on wind sand flow structure, and the concrete application examples are as follows:
application example 1: research on influence of wind-sand wind tunnel rectifying device on wind tunnel wind speed profile
The wind tunnel fan can adjust the current frequency by using a frequency converter, thereby realizing certain blade rotating speed and controlling the simulated wind tunnel wind speed. By additionally arranging the rectifying device and not additionally arranging the rectifying device, the wind speed profile of the wind tunnel test section is measured by respectively adjusting the frequency converter at 20Hz and 25Hz, and the influence of the rectifying device on the wind speed profile is compared. Due to the ground friction, the wind speed profile of the natural wind in the open air is generally distributed in a logarithmic function. As shown in fig. 4 to 6, the wind speed at each height is similar when the frequency converter is at 20Hz without a rectifying device, and the wind speed fluctuates around 10.4m/s, the wind speed rapidly increases from 5cm to 10cm after the rectifying device is installed, the wind speed slowly increases from 10cm to 15cm, the wind speed above 15cm is stabilized around 10.9m/s, and the wind speed profile conforms to a logarithmic function: 2.4277ln (x) +3.6385R20.7532. The wind speed of the frequency converter at the height of 5-20 cm is similar without a rectifying device at 25Hz, the wind speed fluctuates at about 12.15m/s, the wind speed of 20-30 cm slightly decreases, the wind speed rapidly increases from the height of 5cm to 10cm after the rectifying device is installed, the wind speed slowly increases from 10cm to 20cm, the wind speed above 20cm is stabilized at about 13.57m/s, and the wind speed profile conforms to a logarithmic function: 2.2033ln (x) +6.9335R20.7115. The device can effectively stabilize the air flow distribution in the wind tunnel and can well simulate the field natural wind.
Application example 2: research on influence of vegetation with different coverage of sand dunes on ground surface wind speed profile
Aerodynamic roughness Z0The height of the near-surface average wind speed is zero, and the height can reflect the influence strength of the vegetation on the underlying surface flow field. The wind tunnel uses the rectifying device, the test section with an opening at the bottom end is placed on the in-situ earth surface with different vegetation coverage degrees, the aerodynamic roughness is calculated by measuring the wind speed values at the height positions of 5cm and 30cm at the outlet of the test section when the wind speed of the wind tunnel axis is 15m/s, and the calculation formula is as follows: z0＝exp[(U1lnZ2-U2lnZ1)/(U1-U2)]Wherein Z is1、Z2Is 5, 30cm height value, U1、U2The height wind speed value is 5cm and 30 cm.
As shown in fig. 7, the aerodynamic roughness increases with increasing vegetation coverage. The aerodynamic roughness is more gentle along with the increase of vegetation coverage when the vegetation coverage is less than 36%, and when the vegetation coverage is more than 36%, the aerodynamic roughness is increased sharply along with the increase of vegetation coverage. Coverage (X) and aerodynamic roughness (Z) of vegetation0) The relationship (c) is fitted to a function, which can be expressed as a cubic function: z0＝-5E-06x3+0.0013x2-0.0297x+0.0462，R2The correlation is good according to the functional relation, which indicates that the device can be used for measuring the surface roughness in the field.
Application example 3: research on influence of vegetation with different coverage of sand dunes on surface sand flow structure
The sand flow structure refers to the vertical distribution and change rule of sand grains under air flow conveying, is the core content of sand physics, can directly reflect the sand grain motion mode, and has important significance for soil wind erosion condition evaluation, development and evolution research of sand landforms, desertification control and production practice. The wind tunnel is used for carrying out in-situ test on the earth surface with different vegetation coverage degrees of a sand dune, and the sand transportation rate and the height change rule of the sand transportation stream are discussed through calculation and analysis of the sand flow data of the sand dune with different vegetation coverage degrees of a Colqin sand land, as shown in figures 8 and 9, the sand transportation rate at each vegetation coverage level is reduced along with the increase of the earth surface height, and the sand transportation rate (Y) and the height (X) can be described as an exponential function relationship.
Application example 4: research on influence of different soil water contents on sand flow structure
Through carrying out wind tunnel erosion experiments on three typical soils in semi-arid Colqin areas under different water contents, the change rule of the wind and sand flow structures of sand, sandy grassland soil and farmland soil under different water contents is researched, the vertical distribution of the wind and sand flow under different water contents of the three soils is shown in figures 10 to 12, and the water contents of the sand, the sandy grassland soil and the farmland soil are respectively shown in figures 10 to 12The sand conveying rate under the rate is reduced along with the rising of the height, and the lower the water content is, the more obvious the descending trend of the sand conveying rate is. The different moisture content of same soil texture has the difference that is showing to the vertical distribution of wind-blown sand flow, carries out curve fitting with defeated husky rate and the height under each moisture content of husky, sandy meadow soil and farmland soil, can be described as exponential function: q is Ae-H/BWherein q is the sand transport rate g/(min cm) at the height H2) And A, B are fitting coefficients. The fitting relation of the sand conveying rate and the height of each soil sample under different water content is shown in fig. 13, and the fitting relation has better correlation, which shows that the device can be used in the correlation research of the influence of the soil water content of the arid region on the wind sand flow.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention in any way. Any simple modification, change and equivalent changes of the above embodiments according to the technical essence of the invention are still within the protection scope of the technical solution of the invention.
Claims (4)
1. An air rectifying device of a wind-sand wind tunnel is characterized by comprising a cuboid hole body (1) with two open ends, and a combined honeycomb device (2), a damping net (3) and a coarse element (4) which are sequentially arranged in the hole body (1) along an air inlet direction (6);
the combined honeycomb device (2) comprises a first honeycomb unit (7), a second honeycomb unit (8) and a third honeycomb unit (9) which are sequentially arranged from top to bottom, the first honeycomb unit (7), the second honeycomb unit (8) and the third honeycomb unit (9) are formed by sequentially arranging, stacking and combining pipe sections with different pipe diameters, the diameter and the length of the pipe sections in the same honeycomb unit are equal, and the diameters of the pipe sections in the first honeycomb unit (7), the second honeycomb unit (8) and the third honeycomb unit (9) in the combined honeycomb device (2) are sequentially reduced from top to bottom;
the damping net (3) is arranged perpendicular to the air inlet direction (6), and the damping net (3) is attached to the side wall of the hole body (1) without a gap;
the rough element (4) comprises a plurality of cube blocks which are uniformly distributed on the lower bottom surface of the hole body (1).
2. The air rectifying device of the wind sand wind tunnel according to claim 1, wherein clamping grooves (5) are formed in the left side wall and the right side wall of the position, where the combined honeycomb device (2) is placed, in the tunnel body (1), and buckles (10) which are matched with the clamping grooves (5) and used for isolating and replacing the honeycomb units are arranged at the two ends below the first honeycomb unit (7), the second honeycomb unit (8) and the third honeycomb unit (9).
3. A wind-sand wind tunnel air fairing according to claim 1, characterised in that the diameter of the pipe section in the first cell (7) is 50mm, the diameter of the pipe section in the second cell (8) is 20mm and the diameter of the pipe section in the third cell (9) is 15 mm.
4. The air rectifying device of a wind sand wind tunnel according to claim 1, characterized in that a sand collector is arranged in the tunnel body (1) behind the rough element (4) along the air inlet direction (6), and a wind speed measuring hole for a computer system to automatically measure and calculate the wind speed is arranged in the tunnel body (1) on the side wall behind the rough element (4) along the air inlet direction (6).
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Families Citing this family (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN111006836A (en) * | 2019-12-16 | 2020-04-14 | 华中科技大学 | Tandem supersonic and hypersonic wind tunnel and flow stabilizing method thereof |
| CN111272383A (en) * | 2020-03-31 | 2020-06-12 | 杭州佐格通信设备有限公司 | Honeycomb structure for mounting wind tunnel and wind tunnel |
| JP7451336B2 (en) | 2020-07-22 | 2024-03-18 | 上田日本無線株式会社 | Rectification structure for gas sensors |
| CN113252293B (en) * | 2021-06-08 | 2021-10-01 | 中国空气动力研究与发展中心低速空气动力研究所 | Gas rectification structure inside box body |
| CN114894430B (en) * | 2022-07-13 | 2022-09-30 | 中国航空工业集团公司沈阳空气动力研究所 | Installation accuracy measurement method of wind tunnel honeycomb device |
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| CN202648912U (en) * | 2012-06-12 | 2013-01-02 | 北京师范大学 | Artificial rainfall radial flow soil water motion simulation experiment system |
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| CN101687135A (en) * | 2007-07-05 | 2010-03-31 | 开利公司 | Fluid purifier with non-laminar flow structure |
| CN102721800A (en) * | 2012-06-27 | 2012-10-10 | 北京师范大学 | Artificial rainfall runoff and soil water motion simulation experimental system |
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