CN110131106B

CN110131106B - Windmill capable of improving wind energy section utilization rate

Info

Publication number: CN110131106B
Application number: CN201910418124.4A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 李明山
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2019-05-20
Filing date: 2019-05-20
Publication date: 2020-12-29
Anticipated expiration: 2039-05-20
Also published as: CN110131106A

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of wind power generation, in particular to a windmill capable of improving the utilization rate of a wind energy section. A plurality of planet wheels are sequentially fixed on the revolution arm of force along the length direction of the revolution arm of force, each planet wheel comprises a shell and blades, and each planet wheel is connected with a base and a swinging shaft. The base is fixed on the revolution arm of force, the oscillating axle is L type, and oscillating motor drive in being fixed in the base is driven to oscillating axle one end, and the oscillating axle other end is connected to the casing, and the casing is the relative oscillating axle rotation. The shell is connected with a plurality of blades, when each blade of the planet wheel rotates, a rotating plane formed by the blades is a rotor wing surface, and the revolution force arm can increase the area of an effective wind catching area in a unit wind energy section through the rotor wing surface of the planet wheel, so that the utilization rate of the wind energy section is further improved.

Description

Windmill capable of improving wind energy section utilization rate

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of wind power generation, in particular to a windmill capable of improving the utilization rate of a wind energy section.

Background

Today, due to energy shortage and environmental trend deterioration, wind energy is increasingly valued and developed by countries in the world as a renewable clean energy source. Because the development of wind energy has huge economic, social, environmental protection value and prospect, the wind power technology has made great progress in recent 20 years, the wind power technology has become more mature, the wind power control technology is more perfect, in short, the wind power generation prospect is wide, and the research on wind power generation in China can be further deepened.

The wind power drives the windmill blades to rotate, and the rotating speed of the windmill is increased through the speed increaser to promote the generator to generate electricity, which is the electricity generating principle of the wind generating set. As shown in fig. 1, when the windmill blades rotate, the conventional windmill generally only utilizes the area (i.e., the effective wind catching area) at two positions in front of and behind the windmill blade in the relative rotation direction, and a considerable part of wind can directly pass through the gap (i.e., the ineffective area) between two adjacent windmill blades, so that the wind energy cross-section utilization rate of the windmill is low, and if the wind energy cross-section utilization rate needs to be improved, the width of the tail end of the windmill blade can be directly increased, however, the tail end of the windmill blade is designed to be too wide, but the airflow passing through the rotation plane of the windmill blade is affected and does not conform to the aerodynamic layout, that is, the blade too wide may block the airflow, so that the wind energy conversion rate does not increase or decrease, which is not beneficial to the absorption of the wind energy, and therefore, the wind energy cross-section utilization rate cannot be.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention provides a windmill capable of improving the utilization rate of a wind energy section, which aims to solve the problem that the utilization rate of the wind energy section of the existing windmill for wind power generation is low.

The invention adopts the following technical scheme: the utility model provides a can improve windmill of wind energy cross-section utilization ratio, is including being connected to a plurality of revolution arm of force on the acting main shaft of generator, its characterized in that: a plurality of planet wheels are sequentially fixed on the revolution arm of force along the length direction of the revolution arm of force, each planet wheel comprises a shell and a blade, and each planet wheel is connected with a base and a swinging shaft; the base is fixed on the revolution arm of force, the oscillating axle is L-shaped, one end of the oscillating axle is driven by an oscillating motor fixed in the base, the other end of the oscillating axle is connected to the shell, the shell rotates relative to the oscillating axle, and the shell is connected with a plurality of blades.

As a further improvement, the rotating plane formed by the blades of the planet wheels when rotating is a rotor plane, and the attack angle of the blades of the planet wheels is opposite to that of the rotor plane.

As a further improvement, a rotation plane formed when the blades of the planetary wheels rotate is a rotor plane, the incidence angle of the rotor plane of each planetary wheel on the revolution arm of force gradually increases from one end of the acting spindle to the other end, and the incidence angle of the blades of each planetary wheel on the revolution arm of force gradually increases from one end of the acting spindle to the other end.

As a further improvement, a rotating plane formed when blades of the planet wheels rotate is a rotor wing surface, and the diameter of the rotor wing surface of each planet wheel of the revolution moment arm is gradually increased from one end of the acting main shaft to the other end of the acting main shaft.

As a further improvement, the number of the blades on each star wheel on the revolution arm is sequentially reduced from one end to the other end of the generator, and the width of the blades on each star wheel on the revolution arm is gradually narrowed from one end of the generator to the other end of the generator.

As a further improvement, a bearing is fixed in the bottom of the head-on regulator, and the other end of the swinging shaft, which is opposite to the base, is fixedly connected with the bearing.

As a further improvement, the blades are rotatably connected to the housing, the head-on regulator comprises an adjusting motor, a driving gear and bevel gears, the adjusting motor is fixed in the housing, the driving gear is fixedly connected to an output shaft of the adjusting motor, the blades are fixedly connected to the bevel gears after being arranged in the housing in a penetrating manner, and the bevel gears are meshed with the driving gear.

From the above description of the structure of the present invention, compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages: according to the invention, the rotating plane formed by the rotation of the blades when the planet wheels rotate is a rotor wing surface, and each revolution arm can form lateral jacking force through the rotation of the planet wheels and the attack angle of the rotor wing surface so as to drive the revolution arm to rotate to realize acting power generation. The rotor surface formed by the rotation of the planet wheel can meet the aerodynamic layout, and the revolution arm of force can increase the area of an effective wind catching area in a unit wind energy section through the rotor surface of the planet wheel, so that the utilization rate of the wind energy section is further improved. And the blades of the planet wheel are in a rotating state, and a gap which is crossed and not in the same plane is formed between two adjacent blades, so that the influence of the planet wheel on the airflow through the revolution arm of force is small, and compared with the method for increasing the width of the tail end of the windmill blade, the method is more favorable for absorbing wind energy.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic view showing a cross section of a relative wind energy when a conventional windmill rotates.

Fig. 2 is a schematic perspective view of the whole generator set after being mounted on a tower.

Fig. 3 is a schematic perspective view of a revolution arm connected with a plurality of planet wheels.

Fig. 4 is an enlarged view of direction a in fig. 2.

Fig. 5 is a schematic structural view of the front side of the revolution arm connected with a plurality of planet wheels.

Fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of the connecting blade of the head-on regulator.

Fig. 7 is a schematic view of the rotor face of each planet wheel on the revolving arm.

Detailed Description

The following describes embodiments of the present invention with reference to the drawings.

As shown in fig. 2, the windmill capable of improving the wind energy section utilization rate comprises a plurality of revolution force arms 2 connected to a working main shaft 51 of a generator 5 and planet wheels 3 connected to the revolution force arms 2, wherein the planet wheels 3 on the revolution force arms 2 are fixed in sequence along the length direction of the revolution force arms 2. The generator 5 is installed on the top of the tower barrel 1 fixed on the ground, and the revolution arm 2 drives the acting main shaft 51 to rotate through the rotation of each revolution arm 2, so that the kinetic energy of wind is converted into mechanical energy for rotating the acting main shaft 51, and the mechanical energy for rotating the acting main shaft 51 is converted into electric energy for storage through the generator 5, and the mode is consistent with the wind power generation principle in the prior art.

As shown in fig. 3 and 4, each planetary gear 3 includes a housing 32, a blade 31, and a head-on regulator, and each planetary gear 3 is connected with a base 41 and a swing shaft 42. The annular surface of the casing 32 is connected with a plurality of rotatable blades 31, and the blade surface of each blade 31 inclines relative to the casing 32 to form an attack angle, that is, two sides of the width direction of the blade 31 are in a state of one side higher and one side lower relative to the casing 32, and the structure can enable the gaps between every two adjacent blades 31 on the planet wheel to form a position relation of crossing and not being in the same plane. The base 41 is fixed on the revolving arm 2, and can be specifically connected and locked by penetrating and installing bolts, and a swing motor (not shown in the drawing) is fixed in the base 41, and the swing motor can be a power assembly formed by combining a motor and a speed reducer. The swing shaft 42 is L-shaped, and one end of the swing shaft 42 is fixedly connected with a power output shaft of the swing motor, so that the swing motor drives the swing shaft 42 to rotate. The other end of the oscillating shaft 42 is connected to the housing 32, specifically, the bearing 35 is fixed in the bottom of the housing 32, the oscillating shaft 42 penetrates into the bearing 35 and is fixedly connected with the inner ring of the bearing 35, the connection mode can adopt an assembly snap ring for fixed connection, and the connection structure of the bearing 35 can realize the rotation of the whole planet wheel 3 relative to the oscillating shaft 42.

With continued reference to fig. 3 and 4, when in the windward state, the fixed shape of the blade 31 (one side higher and one side lower) causes the wind to blow in one direction (from high to low) on the surface of the blade 31, thereby changing the direction of the wind passing by the wind, which corresponds to a turning force applied to the wind, and the wind also applies an opposite force to the blade 31. In addition, because the planet wheels 3 rotate relative to the swinging shaft 42, the force of wind on the blades 31 is converted into the shear stress of the planet wheels 3 through the fixed blades 31, so that the whole planet wheels 3 rotate, and a jacking force is generated. When the planet wheel 3 rotates, a rotation plane formed by the rotation of each blade 31 can form a complete rotor wing surface 311, the rotor wing surface 311 inclines relative to the revolution arm 2 to form an attack angle of the rotor wing surface 311, and the jacking force generated by the planet wheel 3 is the jacking force of the rotor wing surface 311, when the wind speed reaches a certain speed, the blades 31 of each planet wheel 3 of the same revolution arm 2 rotate by the reaction force of the wind to generate the jacking force, and meanwhile, the rotor wing surface 311 laterally jacks the revolution arm 2 at a certain attack angle to drive the revolution arm 2 to rotate, so as to drive the acting main shaft 51 to rotate, thereby converting the wind energy into electric energy for storage.

As shown in fig. 1 and 7, compared with the conventional windmill blade, the revolution moment arm 2 increases the area of the effective wind catching area of the revolution moment arm 2 in a unit wind energy section by adding the planet wheel 3 to the rotor surface 311 formed by the blade 31 when the planet wheel 3 rotates, i.e. the maximum area invades into the ineffective area to improve the utilization rate of the wind energy section, thereby improving the utilization rate of the wind energy as a whole. And the blades 31 of the planet wheels 3 are in a rotating state, and a gap is formed between every two adjacent blades 31, so that the width of the tail end of the windmill blade is increased, and the wind energy is more favorably absorbed. In addition, in the actual design and use process, under the condition that the length of the windmill blade is increased, the area of the dead zone of the wind energy section is further increased, so that the investment cost of the increased windmill blade cannot be in direct proportion to the economic benefit of generating the generated energy, and therefore the traditional windmill blade cannot be increased too long; in the invention, under the condition of increasing the length of the revolution moment arm 2, the area of the rotary wing surface 311 of the planet wheel 3 can be increased to invade the invalid region, so that the variable quantity of the invalid region, which is changed along with the lengthening of the revolution moment arm 2, can be reduced, and the revolution moment arm 2 can be lengthened to realize the maximization of the economic benefit of the input-output ratio.

In addition, the attack angle of the rotor surface 311 of the planet wheel 3 on each revolution arm 2 is opposite to the attack angle formed by the blades 31 of the planet wheel 3, and the design mode can enable the revolution arm 2 and the planet wheel 3 on the revolution arm 2 to rotate reversely, so that the circumferential displacement speed of the revolution arm 2 and the circumferential movement displacement speed of the planet wheel 3 are prevented from being superposed, and the torque of the revolution arm 2 is improved. Specifically, assuming that the direction of the angle of attack of the blades 31 of the planet wheels 3 is the same as the direction of the angle of attack of the blades 31 of the rotor faces 311, the circumferential displacement speed of the planet wheels 3 and the circumferential displacement speed of the revolution arm 2 are superimposed, when the circumferential displacement speed of the planet wheels 3 and the circumferential displacement speed of the revolution arm 2 are superimposed, the angle of attack of the revolution arm 311 is excessively and early maximized at a certain specific radius point, the top thrust of the planet wheels 3 and the torque on the revolution arm 2 (i.e., the swing axis) depend on the angle of attack of the rotor faces 311, the smaller the angle of attack, the larger the torque, the smaller the larger the angle of attack, the smaller the torque, and the larger the torque, so that the torque of the revolution arm 2 can be effectively increased by a structure in which the angle of attack of the rotor faces 311 of the planet wheels.

As shown in fig. 6, the head-on regulator is mounted in the housing 32 for driving the blades 31 to rotate relative to the housing 32. The head-on regulator may include a regulating motor (not shown), a driving gear 34 and a bevel gear 33, the regulating motor is fixed at the other end of the housing 32 opposite to the swing shaft 42, and the driving gear 34 is fixedly connected to a power output shaft of the regulating motor. The bevel gears 33 are fixedly connected to the blades 31 after penetrating into the shell, and the bevel gears 33 connected to the blades 31 are engaged with the driving gear 34. Specifically, a bearing is assembled in the annular surface of the housing 32, one end of each blade is provided with a connecting shaft 312, after the connecting shaft 312 of the blade 31 passes through the bearing and is connected into the housing 32, the bevel gear 33 passes through the connecting shaft 312 and is fixed. Because the bevel gears 33 connected with the blades 31 are all meshed with the driving gear 34, the driving gear 34 is driven to rotate by the adjusting motor, and the blades 31 can be driven to swing relative to the shell 32 while the bevel gears 33 are driven to rotate, so that the aim of changing the attack angle of the blades 31 is fulfilled.

The embodiment may further include a set of control system electrically connected to the adjustment motor and the swing motor of each attack angle adjuster, and the control system may be a PLC controller for controlling the rotation of the adjustment motor and the swing motor of each planet wheel 3, respectively. The inclination angle of the shell 32 relative to the revolution arm 2 can be changed by controlling the swing motor to drive the swing shaft 42 to rotate, so that the inclination angle of the rotor face 311 can be changed, namely, the attack angle of the rotor face 311 is changed, which is equivalent to changing the attack angle of the revolution arm 2. Preferably, the working spindle 51 may further be connected to a brush slip ring, a stator portion of the brush slip ring is connected to the power supply and control system, a rotor portion of the brush slip ring is fixed to the working spindle 51, and power lines connecting the respective adjusting motors and the swing motor are connected to the rotor portion, so that the winding of the line caused by the rotation of the revolution arm 2 can be avoided.

The conventional wind turbine generator set generally has a lowest starting torque, and when the torque generated by the conventional windmill blade in a breeze condition is smaller than the lowest starting torque, the conventional wind turbine generator set generally gives up power generation by default. In the invention, when the wind is in the same breeze condition, the adjusting motor of each planet wheel 3 can be controlled to drive the blade 31 to rotate to form a larger attack angle, so that the planet wheel 3 can rotate at a relatively high rotation speed in the breeze state, and simultaneously, in combination with a huge wind catching area formed by the planet wheel 3, a larger torque force can be formed to drive the main shaft force arm 2 to rotate, and further, the work and the power generation can be realized. Compared with the traditional windmill, the mode of the invention can utilize part of wind energy which can not do work by the traditional windmill blade, and realize work-doing power generation so as to further improve the utilization rate of the wind energy.

The width of the blade 31 depends on the setting of the rotation speed of the work spindle 51, the blade 31 is wider as the set rotation speed of the work spindle 51 is slower, and the blade 31 is narrower as the set rotation speed of the work spindle 51 is faster. As shown in fig. 5, the width of the blade 31 of the planetary wheel 3 on the revolution arm 2 near one end of the acting main shaft 51 is greater than the width of the blade 31 of the planetary wheel 3 far from one end of the acting main shaft 51, and the number of the blades 31 on each planetary wheel 3 on the revolution arm 2 is sequentially reduced from one end to the other end by the generator 5, and the two structures can gradually reduce the wind flow resistance borne by each planetary wheel 3 on the revolution arm 2 from inside to outside, so that the rotation speed of each planetary wheel 3 on the revolution arm 2 is gradually increased from one end of the acting main shaft 51 to outside. In addition, the length of the blade 31 of the planet wheel 3 close to one end of the acting main shaft 51 on the revolution force arm 2 is smaller than the length of the blade 31 of the planet wheel 3 far from one end of the acting main shaft 51, under the same wind field condition, the longer blade 31 has larger wind catching area and larger torque, the more the work is done in unit time, and the structure can gradually increase the diameter of each planet wheel 3 on the revolution force arm 2, so that the area of the planet wheel 3 embedded into an invalid area is gradually increased, and the utilization rate of wind energy is improved.

In addition, as shown in fig. 7, the attack angle of the blades 31 on each planet wheel 3 on the revolution arm 2 gradually increases from one end of the work spindle 51 to the other end, that is, the attack angle of the blades 31 of the planet wheel 3 far away from the generator 5 is greater than that of the blades 31 of the planet wheel 3 close to the generator 5; and the attack angle of the rotor surface 311 of each planet wheel 3 on the rotating arm 2 is gradually increased from one end of the acting main shaft 51 to the other end, that is, the attack angle of the rotor surface 311 of the planet wheel 3 far away from the generator 5 is larger than that of the rotor surface 311 of the planet wheel 3 close to the generator 5. When the revolving force arm 2 is in a windward state, the larger the angle of attack, the larger the reaction force of the wind, and thus the rotation speed of the planet wheels 3 is increased, so that the rotation speed of each planet wheel 3 on the revolving force arm 2 is gradually increased from one end of the generator 5 to the other end, that is, the rotation speed of the planet wheel 3 far away from the generator 5 is greater than that of the planet wheel 3 close to the generator 5.

The attack angle of each blade 31 of the planet wheel 3 is controlled through the attack angle regulator, so that the reaction force of the wind on the blades 31 is changed, the purpose of controlling the rotation speed of the planet wheel 3 is achieved, the planet wheel 3 is not beyond the designed limit rotation speed, and the effect of protecting the planet wheel 3 from being damaged by the planet wheel 3 can be achieved. In addition, the attack angle of the rotor surface 311 is controlled by controlling the swinging shaft 42, so that the jacking force of the rotor surface 311 is changed, and further the rotating speed of the revolution arm 2 (namely the rotating speed of the acting main shaft 51) is changed. Specifically, in strong typhoon, the swing shaft 42 can be driven to swing by controlling the adjusting motor so as to reduce the attack angle of the rotor surface 311 of each planet wheel 3, and meanwhile, the blades 31 of each planet wheel 3 can be driven to swing by controlling the adjusting motor of each planet wheel 3 to enable the blades 31 of each planet wheel 3 to swing to be in a state of a smaller attack angle, so that the rotation speed of the planet wheel 3 is greatly reduced, the rotating speed of each revolution force arm 2 at the strong wind speed is further controlled, and the wind generating set can carry out full-load power generation under the condition of the strong wind speed so as to maximize the utilization rate of wind energy. On the contrary, when the wind field is in soft wind (for example, the wind speed is 1.5m/s), the adjustment motor can be controlled to drive the blades 31 of the planet wheels 3 to swing to a state of a larger attack angle, and the swing motor is controlled to drive the rotor surfaces 311 of the planet wheels 3 to swing to a state of a larger attack angle, at the moment, the soft wind passes through the blades 31 and the rotor surfaces 311 of the planet wheels 3 to form a larger top thrust force to laterally push the revolution arm of force 2 to rotate, so that the power spindle 51 is driven to do work, and the wind energy is utilized to the maximum extent to realize power generation. By the mode, the weather-adapting performance of the wind generating set can be greatly improved, the wind generating set is suitable for poor wind fields, local mixed oblique flow can be effectively utilized, and the utilization efficiency of wind energy can be greatly improved.

The above description is only an embodiment of the present invention, but the design concept of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any insubstantial modifications made by using the design concept should fall within the scope of infringing the present invention.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a can improve windmill of wind energy cross-section utilization ratio, is including being connected to a plurality of revolution arm of force on the acting main shaft of generator, its characterized in that: a plurality of planet wheels are sequentially fixed on the revolution force arm along the length direction of the revolution force arm, each planet wheel comprises a shell and blades, a rotating plane formed when the blades of the planet wheels rotate is a rotor plane, the direction of the attack angle of the blades of the planet wheels is opposite to that of the attack angle of the rotor surface, the attack angle of the blades is formed by inclining the blade surface of each blade (31) relative to the shell (32), and the attack angle of the rotor surface is formed by inclining the rotor surface (311) relative to the revolution force arm (2) to form the attack angle of the rotor surface (311); each planet wheel all is connected with base and oscillating axle the base is fixed in on the revolution arm of force, the oscillating axle is the L type, and oscillating axle one end is driven by the swing motor who is fixed in the base, and the oscillating axle other end is connected to the casing, and the casing is connected with a plurality of the blade relatively oscillating axle rotation on the casing.

2. The windmill for improving the section utilization rate of wind energy according to claim 1, wherein: the rotor plane that forms when the blade of planet wheel rotates is the rotor face, the revolution arm of force each rotor face angle of attack of planet wheel is by doing work main shaft one end grow gradually to the other end to the angle of attack of the blade of each planet wheel on the revolution arm of force is by doing work main shaft one end grow gradually to the other end.

3. The windmill for improving the section utilization rate of wind energy according to claim 1, wherein: the rotary plane that forms when the blade of planet wheel rotates is the rotor face, the revolution arm of force is each rotor face diameter of planet wheel by doing work main shaft one end grow gradually to the other end.

4. The windmill for improving the section utilization rate of wind energy according to claim 1, wherein: the number of blades on each star wheel on the revolution arm of force is reduced from one end of the generator to the other end in sequence, and the width of the blades on each star wheel on the revolution arm of force is gradually narrowed from one end of the generator to the other end.

5. The windmill for improving the section utilization rate of wind energy according to claim 1, wherein: the planet wheel also comprises a head-on regulator, a bearing is fixed in the bottom of the head-on regulator, and the other end of the oscillating shaft, which is opposite to the base, is fixedly connected with the bearing.

6. The windmill for improving the section utilization rate of wind energy according to claim 5, wherein: the blades are rotatably connected to the shell, the head-on regulator comprises an adjusting motor, a driving gear and bevel gears, the adjusting motor is fixed in the shell, the driving gear is fixedly connected to an output shaft of the adjusting motor, the blades are fixedly connected to the bevel gears after being arranged in the shell in a penetrating mode, and the bevel gears are meshed with the driving gear.