CN110129823A - A kind of novel ion liquid complex media and the preparation method and application thereof and application method - Google Patents
A kind of novel ion liquid complex media and the preparation method and application thereof and application method Download PDFInfo
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- CN110129823A CN110129823A CN201910319873.1A CN201910319873A CN110129823A CN 110129823 A CN110129823 A CN 110129823A CN 201910319873 A CN201910319873 A CN 201910319873A CN 110129823 A CN110129823 A CN 110129823A
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Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of novel ion liquid complex media, which is obtained by mixing by ion liquid type solvent and ion liquid type catalyst；By thioamides, the hybrid reaction under room temperature and inert atmosphere obtains the ion liquid type solvent with excessive aluminum halide, and by the halogenation organic salt containing Br nsted acidic functionality, the hybrid reaction under room temperature and inert atmosphere obtains the ion liquid type catalyst with excessive aluminum halide.The present invention also provides preparation method and applications, application method simultaneously.The present invention is converted by the efficient homogeneous catalysis that electrochemical method realizes cellulose to 2,5- dimethyl furan using ionic liquid as novel green medium, is advantageously reduced production cost.In addition, solution system is nonflammable, difficult volatilization, reaction process is easy to operate, safety is good, and technology has broad application prospects.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to biomass energy source domains, and in particular to arrive a kind of novel ion liquid complex media and its preparation side
Method and application and application method.
Background technique
The demand of contemporary society and expanding economy to the energy constantly increases, using coal, oil and natural gas as representative
Fossil fuel is still energy source the most main.But these resources are not only difficult to regenerate, but also largely consumption is brought
More serious environmental problem.Therefore, developing novel green regenerative energy sources is to solve the problems, such as this important channel.
2,5- dimethyl furans are a kind of emerging fuel oil, can be by the biology that is widely present in the natures such as cellulose
Matter conversion prepares.The substance has many advantages, such as that energy density is high, boiling point is high, volatility is low, the feature of environmental protection is good, is to replace tradition
The ideal fuels of fossil energy.Studies have shown that the preparation of 2,5- dimethyl furans generally comprises two key steps: the first step is
The biomass degradations such as cellulose are generated into intermediate 5 hydroxymethyl furfural；Second step is then to obtain 5 hydroxymethyl furfural catalytic hydrogenolysis
To 2,5- dimethyl furan.Currently, traditional aqueous solution or organic solvent are generallyd use both at home and abroad as reaction medium, it is this kind of
System stability is generally poor, is easy to volatilize or burn, safety is poor.On the other hand, the catalyst of reaction is mostly inorganic type
Strong acid or heavy metal salt, are more toxic and are unfavorable for environmental protection.For the angle of technical application, objectively also need to continue
More efficiently solvent and catalyst are researched and developed, operating procedure is further simplified and reduces production cost.
Ionic liquid is a kind of novel green medium, has that nonflammable, thermal stability is good, the excellent object such as not volatile
Physicochemical property can be used as efficient solvent and catalyst in biomass conversion reaction.In recent years, although both at home and abroad in the field
Research on achieve certain progress, but still there are many problems.Firstly, most of work concentrates on biomass in ionic liquid
Conversion is prepared on 5 hydroxymethyl furfural in body, and relatively limited to the preparation research of 2,5- dimethyl furan.Secondly, reaction raw materials
The mostly low molecules carbohydrate such as the higher glucose of price, fructose, lacks the height suitable for the natural macromoleculars biomass such as cellulose
Homogeneous catalyst is imitated, is unfavorable for reducing cost.In addition, reaction process generally requires the precious metals such as a certain amount of platinum carbon, palladium carbon
Composite material is as catalyst, and higher cost, complicated operation.
It is needed to push the development and application of 2,5- dimethyl furan technology of preparing into one in view of the studies above status
Dissolution and catalyzed conversion ability of the step enhancing ionic liquid to cellulose, simplify related reaction step and operation, improve reaction
Efficiency reduces production cost.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of novel ion liquid complex medias and preparation method thereof, while providing it and answering
With being another goal of the invention of the invention.
A kind of novel ion liquid complex media, the complex media is by ion liquid type solvent and ion liquid type catalyst
It is obtained by mixing；The ion liquid type solvent is mixed under room temperature and inert atmosphere instead by thioamides with excessive aluminum halide
It should obtain, the ion liquid type catalyst is by containingThe halogenation organic salt of acidic functionality and excessive halogenation
Aluminium hybrid reaction under room temperature and inert atmosphere obtains.
In complex media, the molar content of ion liquid type catalyst is 10~25%.
The thioamides molecular structure is
Wherein, R represents H atom or alkyl；The aluminum halide is AlCl3、AlBr3And AlI3One of.
The inert atmosphere is one of argon gas, nitrogen and helium.
The organic salt anionic of halogenation is Cl-、Br-And I-One of, cation is pyrazoles cationPyrimidine cationPyrazine cationAnd sulfonium cationOne of, wherein R represents H atom or alkyl or containsThe substituent group of acidic functionality.
It is describedAcidic functionality is one of carboxyl, sulfonic group and hydroxyl.
The preparation method of the ionic liquid complex media, comprising the following steps:
1) under room temperature and inert atmosphere, by thioamides and aluminum halide with the mass ratio of the material 1:2~1:3 hybrid reaction 1
~3h obtains ion liquid type solvent；
2) under room temperature and inert atmosphere, will containThe halogenation organic salt and aluminum halide of acidic functionality with
The mass ratio of the material 1:2.1~1:4 2~4h of hybrid reaction, obtains ion liquid type catalyst；
3) by above-mentioned ion liquid type solvent and ion liquid type catalyst by proportion mixed at room temperature up to novel ion liquid
Bluk recombination medium.
The ion liquid type complex media is preparing the application in 2,5- dimethyl furan.
Utilize the method for ion liquid type complex media preparation 2, the 5- dimethyl furan, comprising the following steps:
A, cellulose under an inert atmosphere, is added to any ion liquid type complex media of claim 1-6
In in 80~120 DEG C of 3~6h of reaction；
B, using platinum or vitreous carbon or graphite as anode, electricity is carried out to above-mentioned solution system using copper or aluminium or graphite as cathode
Solution；
C, the system is carried out after electrolysis being evaporated under reduced pressure to product 2,5- dimethyl furan.
In step A, the additive amount of cellulose is the 6~15% of ion liquid type complex media gross mass, in step B, electricity
Solution is carried out using constant current or constant voltage form, and temperature is 40~80 DEG C, and tank voltage is 0.5~1.5V, and current density is 5~
15mA/cm2, electrolysis time is 1~3h.
In the present invention, cellulose refers to the high score subclass carbohydrate being made of glucose for basic unit, molecule
Formula is (C6H10O5)n, including microcrystalline cellulose, cellulose pulp and cotton linter three types, polymerization scope are 200~2000.
The present invention be by thioamides and excessive aluminum halide hybrid reaction, obtain first for dissolve cellulose from
Sub- liquid-type solvent.Then, will containThe halogenation organic salt of acidic functionality mixes instead with excessive aluminum halide
It answers, further obtains the ion liquid type catalyst with catalytic capability.On this basis, above-mentioned solvent and catalyst are pressed one
Suitable cellulose is added after certainty ratio mixing, heating stirring makes it sufficiently dissolve and degrade.Finally, using electrolysis method to solution
System carries out electrochemical reduction, can get higher 2, the 5- dimethyl furan of purity after vacuum distillation.
Therefore, compared with prior art, the application has following technical effect that
1) present invention realizes cellulose to 2,5- bis- by electrochemical method using ionic liquid as novel green medium
The efficient homogeneous catalysis of methylfuran converts, and advantageously reduces production cost；
2) solution system of the invention is nonflammable, difficult volatilization, reaction process and it is easy to operate, safety is good, technology has
Wide application prospect.
3) according to characterization result, the purity of 2,5- dimethyl furans is greater than 99%, and yield is higher than 50%.
Specific embodiment
The present invention is illustrated by following embodiment, but the present invention is not limited merely to following embodiment, all to meet
The implementing method of the front and back objective is within the technical scope of the present invention.
In the present invention, if the ionic liquid complex media reaction condition is regarded as carrying out at room temperature without particularly pointing out,
The temperature range of room temperature is 20~30 DEG C.
Embodiment 1
A kind of ionic liquid complex media and preparation method thereof, its step are as follows
1) firstly, at room temperature under nitrogen atmosphere by thiopropionamide and AlCl3With the mass ratio of the material 1:2.5 hybrid reaction
2h obtains ion liquid type solvent；
2) then, by 1- methyl -2- sulfopropyl pyrazoles villaumite and AlCl33h is reacted with the mass ratio of the material 1:3 mixed at room temperature,
Obtain ion liquid type catalyst；
3) finally, by above-mentioned solvent and catalyst mixed at room temperature up to a kind of novel ion liquid complex media, wherein urging
Molar content of the agent in complex media system is 15%.
Using the method for ionic liquid complex media preparation 2,5- dimethyl furan, its step are as follows:
A, under nitrogen atmosphere, the cellulose pulp of 2g (polymerization scope is 500~1000) is added to 20g ion first
In liquid complex media, 5h is stirred to react at 80 DEG C；
B, then, solution system is added in electrolytic cell, using platinum, copper as anode and cathode, using constant voltage
Method cell reaction at 50 DEG C.Wherein, decomposition voltage 0.9V, current density range are 5~10mA/cm2, electrolysis time is
2h；
C, finally, being evaporated under reduced pressure to solution system and obtaining product 2,5- dimethyl furan.By characterizing, 2,5- bis-
The purity of methylfuran is 99.6%, yield 57%.
Embodiment 2
A kind of ionic liquid complex media and preparation method thereof, its step are as follows:
1) firstly, by thio-iso-butanamide and AlBr under room temperature and argon atmosphere3With the mass ratio of the material 1:2 hybrid reaction
1.5h obtains ion liquid type solvent；
2) then, by 1- hydrogen -2- hydroxy-4-methyl pyrimidine bromide and AlBr3It is anti-with the mass ratio of the material 1:2.1 mixed at room temperature
2h is answered, ion liquid type catalyst is obtained；
3) finally, by above-mentioned solvent and catalyst mixed at room temperature up to a kind of novel ion liquid complex media, wherein urging
Molar content of the agent in medium system is 20%.
Using the method for ionic liquid complex media preparation 2,5- dimethyl furan, its step are as follows:
A, under argon atmosphere, first by the microcrystalline cellulose of 2.5g (polymerization scope be 200~500) be added to 20g from
In sub- liquid complex media, 4h is stirred to react at 100 DEG C；
B, then, solution system is added in electrolytic cell, using graphite, aluminium as anode and cathode, using permanent electricity
The cell reaction at 60 DEG C of stream method.Wherein, current density 10mA/cm2, decomposition voltage range is 1~1.5V, and electrolysis time is
2.5 hour；
C, finally, being evaporated under reduced pressure to solution system and obtaining product 2,5- dimethyl furan.By characterizing, 2,5- bis-
The purity of methylfuran is 99.2%, yield 62%.
Embodiment 3
A kind of ionic liquid complex media and preparation method thereof, its step are as follows:
1) firstly, at room temperature under nitrogen atmosphere by thiobenzamide and AlBr3It is anti-with the mass ratio of the material 1:2.5 mixing
2h is answered, ion liquid type solvent is obtained；
2) then, by 1- hydrogen -2- carboxyl -5- methylpyrazine villaumite and AlCl3With the mass ratio of the material 1:3.5 hybrid reaction
3.5h obtains ion liquid type catalyst；
3) finally, mixing above-mentioned solvent and catalyst up to a kind of novel ion liquid complex media, wherein catalyst
Molar content in medium system is 18%.
Using the method for ionic liquid complex media preparation 2, the 5- dimethyl furan, its step are as follows:
A, under nitrogen atmosphere, the cotton linter of 1.2g (polymerization scope is 1000~2000) is added to 20g ion first
In liquid complex media, 5h is stirred to react at 120 DEG C；
B, then, solution system is added in electrolytic cell, using vitreous carbon, graphite as anode and cathode, is used
Galvanostatic method cell reaction at 40 DEG C.Wherein, current density 6mA/cm2, decomposition voltage range is 0.8~1.2V, electrolysis
Time is 1.5h；
C, finally, being evaporated under reduced pressure to solution system and obtaining product 2,5- dimethyl furan.By characterizing, 2,5- bis-
The purity of methylfuran is 99.3%, yield 53%.
Embodiment 4
A kind of ionic liquid complex media and preparation method thereof, its step are as follows:
1) firstly, by N, N- dimethyl thio acetamide and AlI under room temperature and helium atmosphere3With the mass ratio of the material 1:2
Hybrid reaction 1h obtains ion liquid type solvent；
2) then, by (2- carboxyethyl) dimethylammonium chloride sulfonium and AlCl3With the mass ratio of the material 1:2.5 hybrid reaction 2h, obtain
Obtain ion liquid type catalyst；
3) finally, mixing above-mentioned solvent and catalyst up to a kind of novel ion liquid complex media, wherein catalyst
Molar content in medium system is 25%.
Using the method for ionic liquid complex media preparation 2, the 5- dimethyl furan, its step are as follows:
A, under helium atmosphere, the microcrystalline cellulose of 1g (polymerization scope is 200~500) is added to 10g ion first
In liquid complex media, 3h is stirred to react at 110 DEG C；
B, then, solution system is added in electrolytic cell, using graphite, copper as anode and cathode, using permanent electricity
The cell reaction at 70 DEG C of stream method.Wherein, current density 8mA/cm2, decomposition voltage range is 0.5~0.8V, electrolysis time
For 1h；
C, finally, being evaporated under reduced pressure to solution system and obtaining product 2,5- dimethyl furan.By characterizing, 2,5- bis-
The purity of methylfuran is 99.5%, yield 55%.
Embodiment 5
A kind of ionic liquid complex media and preparation method thereof, its step are as follows:
1) firstly, by N- phenyl benzamide and AlCl under room temperature and argon atmosphere3It is mixed with the mass ratio of the material 1:3
Reaction 3h is closed, ion liquid type solvent is obtained；
2) then, by 1- hydrogen -2- methyl -4- carboxylic propylpyrazol salt compounded of iodine and AlI3With the mass ratio of the material 1:2.8 hybrid reaction
2.5h obtains ion liquid type catalyst；
3) finally, mixing above-mentioned solvent and catalyst up to a kind of novel ion liquid complex media, wherein catalyst
Molar content in medium system is 20%.
Using the method for ionic liquid complex media preparation 2, the 5- dimethyl furan, its step are as follows:
A, under argon atmosphere, the cellulose pulp of 2g (polymerization scope is 500~1000) is added to 15g ion first
In liquid complex media, 4h is stirred to react at 90 DEG C；
B, then, solution system is added in electrolytic cell, using platinum, aluminium as anode and cathode, using constant voltage
Method cell reaction at 50 DEG C.Wherein, decomposition voltage 1V, current density range are 6~12mA/cm2, electrolysis time is
2.5h；
C, finally, being evaporated under reduced pressure to solution system and obtaining product 2,5- dimethyl furan.By characterizing, 2,5- bis-
The purity of methylfuran is 99.3%, yield 63%.
Embodiment 6
A kind of ionic liquid complex media and preparation method thereof, its step are as follows:
1) firstly, by thioformamide and AlBr under room temperature and helium atmosphere3With the mass ratio of the material 1:2.6 hybrid reaction
2h obtains ion liquid type solvent；
2) then, by 1- hydrogen -5- carboxyethyl pyrimidine villaumite and AlCl3With the mass ratio of the material 1:4 hybrid reaction 4h, obtain from
Sub- liquid-type catalyst；
3) finally, by above-mentioned solvent and catalyst mixed at room temperature up to a kind of novel ion liquid complex media, wherein urging
Molar content of the agent in medium system is 10%.
Using the method for ionic liquid complex media preparation 2, the 5- dimethyl furan, its step are as follows:
A, under helium atmosphere, the microcrystalline cellulose of 3g (polymerization scope is 500~1000) is added to 20g ion first
In liquid complex media, 6h is stirred to react at 80 DEG C；
B, then, solution system is added in electrolytic cell, using vitreous carbon, graphite as anode and cathode, is used
Constant voltage method cell reaction at 80 DEG C.Wherein, decomposition voltage 1.5V, current density range are 10~15mA/cm2, electrolysis
Time is 3h；
C, finally, being evaporated under reduced pressure to solution system and obtaining product 2,5- dimethyl furan.By characterizing, 2,5- bis-
The purity of methylfuran is 99.2%, yield 60%.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of novel ion liquid complex media, which is characterized in that the complex media is by ion liquid type solvent and ionic liquid
Figure catalyst is obtained by mixing；The ion liquid type solvent is by thioamides and excessive aluminum halide in room temperature and indifferent gas
Hybrid reaction obtains under atmosphere, and the ion liquid type catalyst is by containingThe halogenation organic salt of acidic functionality with
Excessive aluminum halide hybrid reaction under room temperature and inert atmosphere obtains.
2. novel ion liquid complex media as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that in complex media, ion liquid type
The molar content of catalyst is 10~25%.
3. novel ion liquid complex media as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the molecular structure of the thioamides
For
Wherein, R represents H atom or alkyl；The aluminum halide is AlCl3、AlBr3And AlI3One of.
4. novel ion liquid complex media as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the inert atmosphere is argon gas, nitrogen
One of gas and helium.
5. novel ion liquid complex media as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the organic salt anionic of halogenation
For Cl-、Br-And I-One of, cation is pyrazoles cationPyrimidine cationPyrazine cationAnd sulfonium cationOne of, wherein R represents H
Atom or alkyl containThe substituent group of acidic functionality.
6. novel ion liquid complex media as claimed in claim 1 or 5, which is characterized in that describedAcid functional
Group is one of carboxyl, sulfonic group and hydroxyl.
7. the preparation method of any ionic liquid complex media of claim 1-6, which is characterized in that including following step
It is rapid:
1) under room temperature and inert atmosphere, by thioamides and aluminum halide with the mass ratio of the material 1:2~1:3 1~3h of hybrid reaction,
Obtain ion liquid type solvent；
2) under room temperature and inert atmosphere, will containThe halogenation organic salt and aluminum halide of acidic functionality are with substance
Amount ratio 1:2.1~1:4 2~4h of hybrid reaction, obtain ion liquid type catalyst；
3) above-mentioned ion liquid type solvent and ion liquid type catalyst by proportion mixed at room temperature are answered up to novel ion liquid
Close medium.
8. any ion liquid type complex media of claim 1-6 is preparing the application in 2,5- dimethyl furan.
9. using the method for any ion liquid type complex media preparation 2, the 5- dimethyl furan of claim 1-6,
It is characterized in that, comprising the following steps:
A, under an inert atmosphere, by cellulose be added in any ion liquid type complex media of claim 1-6 in
80~120 DEG C of 3~6h of reaction；
B, using platinum or vitreous carbon or graphite as anode, above-mentioned solution system is electrolysed using copper or aluminium or graphite as cathode；
C, the system is carried out after electrolysis being evaporated under reduced pressure to product 2,5- dimethyl furan.
10. the method for preparation 2,5- dimethyl furan as claimed in claim 9, which is characterized in that in step A, cellulose
Additive amount is the 6~15% of ion liquid type complex media gross mass；In step B, electrolysis uses constant current or constant voltage form
It carries out, temperature is 40~80 DEG C, and tank voltage is 0.5~1.5V, and current density is 5~15mA/cm2, electrolysis time is 1~3h.
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