CN110129227B - Mixed microbial inoculum for removing heavy metals in industrial wastewater and sludge and application thereof - Google Patents
Mixed microbial inoculum for removing heavy metals in industrial wastewater and sludge and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN110129227B CN110129227B CN201910407039.8A CN201910407039A CN110129227B CN 110129227 B CN110129227 B CN 110129227B CN 201910407039 A CN201910407039 A CN 201910407039A CN 110129227 B CN110129227 B CN 110129227B
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F11/00—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor
- C02F11/02—Biological treatment
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12N—MICROORGANISMS OR ENZYMES; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF; PROPAGATING, PRESERVING, OR MAINTAINING MICROORGANISMS; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING; CULTURE MEDIA
- C12N1/00—Microorganisms, e.g. protozoa; Compositions thereof; Processes of propagating, maintaining or preserving microorganisms or compositions thereof; Processes of preparing or isolating a composition containing a microorganism; Culture media therefor
- C12N1/20—Bacteria; Culture media therefor
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12N—MICROORGANISMS OR ENZYMES; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF; PROPAGATING, PRESERVING, OR MAINTAINING MICROORGANISMS; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING; CULTURE MEDIA
- C12N1/00—Microorganisms, e.g. protozoa; Compositions thereof; Processes of propagating, maintaining or preserving microorganisms or compositions thereof; Processes of preparing or isolating a composition containing a microorganism; Culture media therefor
- C12N1/36—Adaptation or attenuation of cells
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
- C02F2101/10—Inorganic compounds
- C02F2101/20—Heavy metals or heavy metal compounds
Abstract
The invention discloses a mixed microbial inoculum for removing heavy metals in industrial wastewater and sludge, which not only comprises thiobacillus thiooxidans and thiobacillus ferrooxidans, but also comprises aerobic denitrifying bacteria, heavy metal-resistant bacteria and extreme acidophilic thiobacillus, wherein the aerobic denitrifying bacteria have the function of directly converting ammonium nitrogen into a gaseous product under an aerobic condition, and have the effects of promoting the conversion of organic matters and accelerating the acidification speed of sludge; the heavy metal-resistant bacteria have the function of improving the tolerance of other bacteria to heavy metals; the extremely acidophilic thiobacillus has the effects of remarkably improving the leaching efficiency of heavy metals in a solution and shortening the leaching time of the heavy metals under a strong acid condition. Compared with the traditional method, the mixed microbial inoculum provided by the invention not only obviously improves the removal effect of heavy metals such as Cu, Cd, Hg, Cr and Pd in sludge, but also obviously improves the removal efficiency.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field, in particular to a mixed microbial inoculum for removing heavy metals in industrial wastewater and sludge and application thereof.
Background
The heavy metals in the sludge are Cu, Pb, Zn, Ni, Cr, Hg, Cd and the like which are the most important obstacles for resource utilization of the sludge. The heavy metal content of sludge mainly produced by treating domestic sewage is usually low, while the heavy metal content of sludge mainly produced by treating industrial sewage is usually high. The characteristics of difficult migration, easy enrichment, great harm and the like of heavy metals become the most main factors for limiting the agricultural utilization of the sludge. Whether municipal sludge or industrial sludge is used, because most of the municipal sludge or the industrial sludge contains heavy metal elements with high toxicity, if the municipal sludge or the industrial sludge is not properly treated, the municipal sludge or the industrial sludge can seriously damage the ecological environment of sewage treatment plants and areas surrounding the areas using the sewage sludge. Therefore, the reduction or removal of the excessive heavy metal elements in the sludge becomes the key to the effective disposal and utilization of the sludge. At present, many researches are carried out to solve the possible harm of heavy metal elements in municipal sludge to the ecological environment and the restriction on sludge agriculture, but most researches are carried out from the aspects of stabilizing and reducing the toxicity of the heavy metal elements, and the researches for reducing the total amount of the heavy metal in the sludge are relatively less.
Bioleaching utilizes the direct action of some natural microorganisms or the indirect action of metabolites thereof, such as oxidation, reduction, acidification and the like, to separate and leach some insoluble or insoluble components (such as heavy metals, sulfur and the like) of sludge. And then dehydrating the sludge to achieve the aim of removing heavy metals in the sludge. Bioleaching has the following advantages: compared with chemical leaching, the method can save acid consumption, does not need to add acid to pre-acidify the sludge, can be combined with aerobic sludge digestion, fully utilizes the existing running facilities and reduces the operation cost and the capital cost; the start is rapid, the leaching efficiency is high, the time is short, and the method is suitable for treating any type of sludge; the operation is simple, the operation process does not need special control, and the heavy metal can be leached within the range of 10-37 ℃; after the sludge is bioleached, the dehydration performance is greatly improved, and a coagulant is not required to be added during dehydration, so that the sludge dehydration cost is effectively saved; bioleaching can effectively remove heavy metals and kill pathogenic bacteria, and can reduce VSS.
Chinese invention patent CN105776788A discloses a method for removing heavy metal Cu in sludge of municipal sewage treatment plants by bioleaching, which adopts the prior thiobacillus in the sludge to carry out enrichment culture to obtain domesticated sludge, adds the domesticated sludge as inoculum into raw sludge, and adds Na2S2O3And FeSO4And (3) carrying out bioleaching on the substrate for 3-4d to ensure that the removal rate of the heavy metal Cu reaches over 90 percent. However, the method has poor effect of removing other heavy metals such as Cd, Hg, Cr and Pd, and the bioleaching time is long, so that a mixed solution needs to be researchedThe bacteria synthesizing agent is used for improving the effect of removing heavy metals in industrial wastewater and sludge.
Disclosure of Invention
Based on the technical problems in the background art, the invention provides a mixed microbial inoculum for removing heavy metals in industrial wastewater and sludge.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
a mixed bacterial agent for removing heavy metals from industrial wastewater and sludge comprises thiobacillus thiooxidans, thiobacillus ferrooxidans, aerobic denitrifying bacteria, heavy metal-resistant bacteria and extreme acidophilic thiobacillus.
Preferably, the heavy metal-resistant bacteria is pseudomonas aeruginosa ZGKD2 disclosed in Chinese invention patent CN 102337229A.
Preferably, the Acidithiobacillus extremum is Acidithiobacillus ZJN disclosed in Chinese patent CN 103131650A.
Preferably, in the mixed microbial inoculum, the weight ratio of thiobacillus thiooxidans, thiobacillus ferrooxidans, aerobic denitrifying bacteria, heavy metal-resistant bacteria and thiobacillus extremophilus is (3-5): (6-10): (4-10): (1-2): (2-5).
The input amount of the mixed microbial inoculum in the industrial wastewater and sludge is 0.05-0.2%.
The application method of the mixed microbial inoculum comprises the following steps:
(1) first enrichment culture: taking raw sludge of a sewage treatment plant, and adding 3-5g/L Na into the raw sludge2S2O3And 4-6g/L of FeSO4Adding a mixed microbial inoculum as a substrate, introducing nitrogen, and carrying out enrichment culture until the pH value of the sludge is reduced to 3.5-4.0 to obtain the acclimatized sludge after the first enrichment culture;
(2) and (3) second enrichment culture: inoculating the domesticated sludge after the first enrichment culture into raw sludge according to the volume ratio of 0.5-1%, and adding 3-5g/L Na2S2O3And 4-6g/L of FeSO4Taking the sludge as a substrate, carrying out enrichment culture under the condition of sufficient oxygen until the pH value is reduced to 2.0-2.5, and obtaining acclimatized sludge after the second enrichment culture; the obtained domesticated sludge mixed liquor is inoculum；
(3) Bioleaching: inoculating the inoculum obtained in step (2) into raw sludge in a volume ratio of 0.5-1%, and adding 3-5g/L Na2S2O3And 4-6g/L of FeSO4Adjusting the initial pH value to 5-7 as a substrate, leaching and culturing at 20-30 ℃ for 16-24h, and separating and leaching heavy metals in the raw sludge into a water phase through the actions of oxidation, reduction, acidification and the like of thiobacillus thiooxidans and thiobacillus ferrooxidans;
(4) sludge precipitation: and (4) precipitating the sludge subjected to bioleaching in the step (3) to obtain sludge with low heavy metal content and sewage with high heavy metal content.
The invention has the advantages that: the mixed microbial inoculum for removing the heavy metals in the industrial wastewater sludge not only comprises thiobacillus thiooxidans and thiobacillus ferrooxidans, but also comprises aerobic denitrifying bacteria, heavy metal-resistant bacteria and extreme acidophilic thiobacillus, wherein the aerobic denitrifying bacteria are used for directly converting ammonium nitrogen into a gaseous product under an aerobic condition, and have the effects of promoting the conversion of organic matters and accelerating the acidification speed of the sludge; the heavy metal-resistant bacteria have the function of improving the tolerance of other bacteria to heavy metals; the extremely acidophilic thiobacillus has the effects of remarkably improving the leaching efficiency of heavy metals in a solution and shortening the leaching time of the heavy metals under a strong acid condition.
Detailed Description
Example 1:
a mixed bacterial agent for removing heavy metals from industrial wastewater and sludge comprises thiobacillus thiooxidans, thiobacillus ferrooxidans, aerobic denitrifying bacteria, heavy metal-resistant bacteria and extreme acidophilic thiobacillus.
The heavy metal resistant bacteria is pseudomonas aeruginosa ZGKD2 disclosed in Chinese invention patent CN 102337229A.
The extreme acidophilic thiobacillus is acidophilic thiobacillus ZJN disclosed in Chinese invention patent CN 103131650A.
In the mixed microbial inoculum, the weight ratio of thiobacillus thiooxidans, thiobacillus ferrooxidans, aerobic denitrifying bacteria, heavy metal-resistant bacteria and extreme acidophilus is 3.5: 8: 6: 1.5: 3.
preferably, the input amount of the mixed microbial inoculum in the industrial wastewater sludge is 0.15%.
Preferably, the application method of the mixed microbial inoculum comprises the following steps:
(1) first enrichment culture: taking raw sludge of a sewage treatment plant, and adding 3.5g/L Na into the raw sludge2S2O3And 5g/L of FeSO4Adding a mixed microbial inoculum as a substrate, introducing nitrogen, and carrying out enrichment culture until the pH value of the sludge is reduced to 3.5-4.0 to obtain the acclimatized sludge after the first enrichment culture;
(2) and (3) second enrichment culture: inoculating the domesticated sludge after the first enrichment culture into raw sludge according to the volume ratio of 0.8%, and adding 3.5g/L Na2S2O3And 4.5g/L of FeSO4Taking the sludge as a substrate, carrying out enrichment culture under the condition of sufficient oxygen until the pH value is reduced to 2.0-2.5, and obtaining acclimatized sludge after the second enrichment culture; the obtained domesticated sludge mixed solution is an inoculum;
(3) bioleaching: inoculating the inoculum obtained in step (2) into raw sludge at a volume ratio of 0.5-1%, adding 4.5g/L Na2S2O3And 5.5g/L of FeSO4Adjusting the initial pH value to 5-7 as a substrate, leaching and culturing at 25 ℃ for 18h, and separating and leaching heavy metals in the raw sludge into a water phase through oxidation, reduction, acidification and other actions of thiobacillus thiooxidans and thiobacillus ferrooxidans;
(4) sludge precipitation: and (4) precipitating the sludge subjected to bioleaching in the step (3) to obtain sludge with low heavy metal content and sewage with high heavy metal content.
Controlling the aeration intensity of the leaching culture in the step (3) to be 1.2L/(min.L); the stirring speed of the leaching culture in the step (3) is 220 r/min.
Example 2:
a mixed bacterial agent for removing heavy metals from industrial wastewater and sludge comprises thiobacillus thiooxidans, thiobacillus ferrooxidans, aerobic denitrifying bacteria, heavy metal-resistant bacteria and extreme acidophilic thiobacillus.
The heavy metal resistant bacteria is pseudomonas aeruginosa ZGKD2 disclosed in Chinese invention patent CN 102337229A.
The extreme acidophilic thiobacillus is acidophilic thiobacillus ZJN disclosed in Chinese invention patent CN 103131650A.
In the mixed microbial inoculum, the weight ratio of thiobacillus thiooxidans, thiobacillus ferrooxidans, aerobic denitrifying bacteria, heavy metal-resistant bacteria and extreme acidophilus is 5: 6: 10: 1: 5.
the input amount of the mixed microbial inoculum in the industrial wastewater and sludge is 0.05 percent.
The application method of the mixed microbial inoculum comprises the following steps:
(1) first enrichment culture: taking raw sludge of a sewage treatment plant, and adding 5g/L Na into the raw sludge2S2O3And 4g/L of FeSO4Adding a mixed microbial inoculum as a substrate, introducing nitrogen, and carrying out enrichment culture until the pH value of the sludge is reduced to 3.5-4.0 to obtain the acclimatized sludge after the first enrichment culture;
(2) and (3) second enrichment culture: inoculating the domesticated sludge after the first enrichment culture into raw sludge according to the volume ratio of 1%, and adding 3g/L Na2S2O3And 6g/L of FeSO4Taking the sludge as a substrate, carrying out enrichment culture under the condition of sufficient oxygen until the pH value is reduced to 2.0-2.5, and obtaining acclimatized sludge after the second enrichment culture; the obtained domesticated sludge mixed solution is an inoculum;
(3) bioleaching: inoculating the inoculum obtained in step (2) into raw sludge at a volume ratio of 0.5%, adding 5g/L Na2S2O3And 4g/L of FeSO4Adjusting the initial pH value to 5-7 as a substrate, leaching and culturing at 30 ℃ for 16h, and separating and leaching heavy metals in the raw sludge into a water phase through oxidation, reduction, acidification and other actions of thiobacillus thiooxidans and thiobacillus ferrooxidans;
(4) sludge precipitation: and (4) precipitating the sludge subjected to bioleaching in the step (3) to obtain sludge with low heavy metal content and sewage with high heavy metal content.
Controlling the aeration intensity of the leaching culture in the step (3) to be 1.5L/(min L); the stirring speed of the leaching culture in the step (3) is 150 r/min.
Example 3:
a mixed bacterial agent for removing heavy metals from industrial wastewater and sludge comprises thiobacillus thiooxidans, thiobacillus ferrooxidans, aerobic denitrifying bacteria, heavy metal-resistant bacteria and extreme acidophilic thiobacillus.
The heavy metal resistant bacteria is pseudomonas aeruginosa ZGKD2 disclosed in Chinese invention patent CN 102337229A.
The extreme acidophilic thiobacillus is acidophilic thiobacillus ZJN disclosed in Chinese invention patent CN 103131650A.
In the mixed microbial inoculum, the weight ratio of thiobacillus thiooxidans, thiobacillus ferrooxidans, aerobic denitrifying bacteria, heavy metal-resistant bacteria and extreme acidophilus is 3: 10: 4: 2: 2.
the input amount of the mixed microbial inoculum in the industrial wastewater and sludge is 0.2%.
The application method of the mixed microbial inoculum comprises the following steps:
(1) first enrichment culture: taking raw sludge of a sewage treatment plant, and adding 3g/L Na into the raw sludge2S2O3And 6g/L of FeSO4Adding a mixed microbial inoculum as a substrate, introducing nitrogen, and carrying out enrichment culture until the pH value of the sludge is reduced to 3.5-4.0 to obtain the acclimatized sludge after the first enrichment culture;
(2) and (3) second enrichment culture: inoculating the domesticated sludge after the first enrichment culture into raw sludge according to the volume ratio of 0.5%, and adding 5g/L Na2S2O3And 4g/L of FeSO4Taking the sludge as a substrate, carrying out enrichment culture under the condition of sufficient oxygen until the pH value is reduced to 2.0-2.5, and obtaining acclimatized sludge after the second enrichment culture; the obtained domesticated sludge mixed solution is an inoculum;
(3) bioleaching: inoculating the inoculum obtained in the step (2) into raw sludge according to the volume ratio of 1%, and adding 3g/L Na2S2O3And 6g/L of FeSO4Adjusting initial pH to 5-7 as substrate, leaching and culturing at 20 deg.C for 24 hr, oxidizing thiobacillus thiooxidans and thiobacillus ferrooxidans, reducing, acidifyingSeparating and leaching heavy metals in the raw sludge into a water phase;
(4) sludge precipitation: and (4) precipitating the sludge subjected to bioleaching in the step (3) to obtain sludge with low heavy metal content and sewage with high heavy metal content.
Controlling the aeration intensity of the leaching culture in the step (3) to be 1.0L/(min.L); the stirring speed of the leaching culture in the step (3) is 250 r/min.
Comparative example 1
The aerobic denitrifying bacteria in the embodiment 1 are removed, and the rest proportion and the application method are unchanged.
Comparative example 2
The heavy metal-resistant bacteria in example 1 were removed, and the rest of the formulation and the application method were unchanged.
Comparative example 3
The extreme acidophilic thiobacillus in example 1 was removed, and the rest of the formulation and the application method were unchanged.
The actual heavy metal treatment capacity of the microbial inoculum samples of examples 1-3 and comparative examples 1-4 is detected by comparison as follows, and the content of various heavy metals in the sludge before treatment is as follows: cu element 95 mg.L-1, Cd element 45 mg.L-1Hg element 18 mg.L-1Cr element 53 mg. L-1Pd element 32 mg. L-1The bioleaching time is uniformly 18h and 96h, the removal rate of various heavy metals after treatment is counted and compared with the Chinese invention patent CN105776788A (comparison example), and specific detection data are shown in tables 1 and 2.
Table 1: the removal rate of various heavy metals in the sludge is 18 h;
table 2: removing rate of various heavy metals in the sludge for 96 h;
according to the test data, the aerobic denitrifying bacteria, the heavy metal-resistant bacteria and the extreme acidophilic thiobacillus are added, so that the removing effect of the heavy metals such as Cu, Cd, Hg, Cr and Pd in the sludge is remarkably improved, and the removing efficiency is also remarkably improved.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art should be considered to be within the technical scope of the present invention, and the technical solutions and the inventive concepts thereof according to the present invention should be equivalent or changed within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (3)
1. A mixed microbial inoculum for removing heavy metals in industrial wastewater sludge containing Cu, Cd, Hg, Cr and Pd elements is characterized by comprising thiobacillus thiooxidans, thiobacillus ferrooxidans, aerobic denitrifying bacteria, heavy metal-resistant bacteria and extreme acidophilic thiobacillus thiooxidans;
the heavy metal resistant bacteria are pseudomonas aeruginosa ZGKD2 disclosed in Chinese invention patent CN 102337229A;
the extreme acidophilic thiobacillus is acidophilic thiobacillus ZJN disclosed in Chinese invention patent CN 103131650A;
in the mixed microbial inoculum, the weight ratio of thiobacillus thiooxidans, thiobacillus ferrooxidans, aerobic denitrifying bacteria, heavy metal-resistant bacteria and extreme acidophilus is (3-5): (6-10): (4-10): (1-2): (2-5).
2. The mixed bacterial agent of claim 1, wherein the input amount of the mixed bacterial agent in the industrial wastewater sludge is 0.05-0.2%.
3. The mixed bacterial preparation according to claim 1, wherein the application method of the mixed bacterial preparation comprises the following steps:
(1) first enrichment culture: taking raw sludge of a sewage treatment plant, and adding 3-5g/L Na into the raw sludge2S2O3And 4-6g/L of FeSO4Adding mixed bacteria as substrate, introducing nitrogen and enriching culture until the pH value of sludge is reduced to 3.5-4.0,obtaining domesticated sludge after the first enrichment culture;
(2) and (3) second enrichment culture: inoculating the domesticated sludge after the first enrichment culture into raw sludge according to the volume ratio of 0.5-1%, and adding 3-5g/L Na2S2O3And 4-6g/L of FeSO4Taking the sludge as a substrate, carrying out enrichment culture under the condition of sufficient oxygen until the pH value is reduced to 2.0-2.5, and obtaining acclimatized sludge after the second enrichment culture; the obtained domesticated sludge mixed solution is an inoculum;
(3) bioleaching: inoculating the inoculum obtained in step (2) into raw sludge in a volume ratio of 0.5-1%, and adding 3-5g/L Na2S2O3And 4-6g/L of FeSO4Adjusting the initial pH value to 5-7 as a substrate, leaching and culturing at 20-30 ℃ for 16-24h, and separating and leaching heavy metals in raw sludge into a water phase;
(4) sludge precipitation: and (4) precipitating the sludge subjected to bioleaching in the step (3) to obtain sludge with low heavy metal content and sewage with high heavy metal content.
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| CN110723825A (en) * | 2019-11-21 | 2020-01-24 | 佛山科学技术学院 | Method for restoring black and odorous surface sewage |
| CN110745963A (en) * | 2019-11-21 | 2020-02-04 | 佛山科学技术学院 | Rapid bioremediation method for surface sewage |
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