CN110127819A - It is a kind of that nitrate and phosphatic method in water removal are synchronized using three-dimensional electrolysis device - Google Patents

It is a kind of that nitrate and phosphatic method in water removal are synchronized using three-dimensional electrolysis device Download PDF

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CN110127819A
CN110127819A CN201910501874.8A CN201910501874A CN110127819A CN 110127819 A CN110127819 A CN 110127819A CN 201910501874 A CN201910501874 A CN 201910501874A CN 110127819 A CN110127819 A CN 110127819A
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nitrate
iron
nitrogen
water
concentration
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王家宏
杨宁
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Shaanxi University of Science and Technology
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Shaanxi University of Science and Technology
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02FTREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/46Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods
    • C02F1/461Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods by electrolysis
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02FTREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2101/00Nature of the contaminant
    • C02F2101/10Inorganic compounds
    • C02F2101/105Phosphorus compounds
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02FTREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2101/00Nature of the contaminant
    • C02F2101/10Inorganic compounds
    • C02F2101/16Nitrogen compounds, e.g. ammonia
    • C02F2101/163Nitrates

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Water Treatment By Electricity Or Magnetism (AREA)

Abstract

The present invention provide it is a kind of using three-dimensional electrolysis device synchronize water removal in nitrate nitrogen and phosphatic method, using copper/graphene oxide modification titanium pole plate as cathode, analysis chlorine pole plate is anode, form diaphragm-free electrolysis system, add iron carbon in water simultaneously, the three-diemsnional electrode for forming three-dimensional electrode electrolysis system, electrolyzes the water.Under the action of electrode current, nitrate nitrogen is largely restored using copper/graphene oxide modification titanium pole plate, and the Zero-valent Iron of iron-carbon micro-electrolysis can also restore nitrate nitrogen, reduzate is ammonia nitrogen;Using analysis chloride electrode as anode, chloride ion occurs oxidation in anode as supporting electrolyte and generates chlorine, it is dissolved in water and generates strong oxidizer hypochlorous acid, the reduzate ammonium oxidation of nitrate can be nitrogen by hypochlorous acid, the iron ion and phosphorus that the nitrate of iron simple substance reduction simultaneously generates generate precipitating, and pass through the further absorption of active carbon, to reinforce the removal effect to total phosphorus.

Description

It is a kind of that nitrate and phosphatic method in water removal are synchronized using three-dimensional electrolysis device
Technical field
The invention belongs to water-treatment technology field, be related to it is a kind of using three-dimensional electrolysis device synchronize in water removal nitrate and Phosphatic method.
Background technique
The elements such as phosphorus, nitrogen are exceeded in water, can accelerate the eutrophication of water body, and this phenomenon is more serious in China, give work Industry, aquatic products industry, agricultural and tourist industry all bring great harm.The nutrient concentrations such as nitrogen, phosphorus increase, and are that algae is a large amount of The reason of breeding, wherein again using phosphorus as key factor, while excessively high nitrate content can also cause human body and natural environment Harm.The IV of the recreational water area of general industry Water District and human body non-direct contact is primarily adapted for use according to current national regulation In the discharge standard of class water, total phosphorus content requires≤0.3 (lake, library 0.1), and total nitrogen content requires≤1.5, China's Drinking Water Nitrate concentration should be less than 10mg/L when sanitary standard (GB5749-2006) regulation surface water makees water source, and underground water is as water source When nitrate concentration should be less than 20mg/L.
Under current art, since sewage treatment tail water C/N ratio and concentration of nitrogen and phosphorus are relatively low, there are carbon sources for advanced nitrogen Insufficient problem, if further realizing the synchronous dephosphorization of denitrogenation with more comparable technical difficulty.
Conventional synchronization denitrification dephosphorization technique is mainly bioanalysis, and outer adding medicine achievees the purpose that deep phosphorous removal.But tradition is raw Sludge age is shorter when object method synchronous denitrification dephosphorizing, and phosphorus content is higher in sludge, it is therefore necessary to run under high loads, but denitrogenation Require sludge age longer again in journey, nitrification can only just can be carried out in the long underload system of sludge age, therefore biological denitrificaion removes There are certain contradictions in sludge sludge age for phosphorus, and this contradiction becomes apparent from when water temperature is lower.And medicament progress is added at the same time When chemical dephosphorization certain influence can be generated to the growth of microorganism.It the use of excess sludge caused by bioanalysis is also that environment is protected One big hidden danger of shield.
Summary of the invention
Aiming at the problems existing in the prior art, the present invention provide it is a kind of using three-dimensional electrolysis device synchronize water removal in nitre Hydrochlorate and phosphatic method.
The present invention is to be achieved through the following technical solutions:
It is a kind of that nitrate and phosphatic method in water removal are synchronized using three-dimensional electrolysis device, made with one piece of analysis chloride electrode For anode, two blocks of copper/graphene oxide modification titanium pole plate is used as cathode, and water is as electrolyte, addition iron particle and activity in water Charcoal particle, is electrolysed.
Preferably, current density when electrolysis is 10~30mA/cm2
Preferably, the pH that water is reconciled after iron particle and active carbon particle is added and before electrolysis is neutrality.
Preferably, iron particle and the total concentration of active carbon particle are 20g/L~100g/L, iron particle and active carbon particle Mass ratio is (7~3): 3.
Preferably, the mass ratio of iron particle and active carbon particle is 7:3,3:2 or 1:1.
Preferably, electrolysis time is 30~240min.
Preferably, iron particle uses sponge iron.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the following beneficial technical effects:
For the present invention using copper/graphene oxide modification titanium pole plate as cathode, analysis chlorine pole plate is anode, forms diaphragm-free electrolysis system System, while iron carbon is added in water, the three-diemsnional electrode of three-dimensional electrode electrolysis system is formed, is electrolyzed the water.In electrode current Under the action of, nitrate nitrogen is largely restored using copper/graphene oxide modification titanium pole plate, and the Zero-valent Iron of iron-carbon micro-electrolysis can also be with Nitrate nitrogen is restored, reduzate is ammonia nitrogen, strengthens the removal of nitrate nitrogen further;Using analysis chloride electrode as sun Pole, chloride ion occurs oxidation in anode as supporting electrolyte and generates chlorine, is dissolved in water and generates strong oxidizer hypochlorous acid, secondary The reduzate ammonium oxidation of above-mentioned nitrate can be nitrogen by chloric acid, realize NO in water3 -The innoxious removing of-N, simultaneously Iron simple substance restores the iron ion of nitrate generation and phosphorus generates precipitating, and passes through the further absorption of active carbon, thus reinforcement pair The removal effect of total phosphorus.To which the present invention realizes that nitrate nitrogen is synchronous with phosphorus using the method for electro-catalysis combination iron-carbon micro-electrolysis Removal, improves the efficiency of sewage treatment, all reaches 80% or more to the removal rate of nitrate, the removal rate of total phosphorus almost can reach 100%.Due to the yield very little of invention nitrate removal rate height, ammonia nitrogen and cultured water, therefore it is believed that the present invention to total nitrogen Removal of inorganic nitrogen also have very high efficiency.The present invention has the following advantages that the three-diemsnional electrode structure 1) used is simple, takes up little area Processing capacity is strong.2) equipment raw material are cheap and easy to get, and production cost is low, and treatment effeciency greatly promotes, easy to operate, do not need to throw Add any medicament, the features such as economy is reasonable, easy equipmentization, is with a wide range of applications.3) nitrogen in sewage is greatly reduced The pollution and harm that phosphorus generates human body and environment.4) easy during electrolysis due to the surface metal active layer of modified electrode It falls off, causes secondary pollution, reduce electrocatalysis characteristic, therefore the present invention introduces specific area and electro-chemical activity better than tradition in cathode Intermediate layer material carbon nanotube and TiO2The middle layer graphene oxide of nanotube increases the efficiency of electrode, extends the use of electrode Service life, and lower production costs.5) than big, substance passes the three-diemsnional electrode face body in the three-dimensional electrode electrolysis method that this method is utilized Matter effect is good, has high current effect and unit space-time yield.7) harm, the denitrogenation that add chemical reagent in current art are avoided The difficulty for the shortcomings that dephosphorization is difficult to get both, traditional electrolyte method.
Further, its internal structure of sponge iron is loose porous, and specific surface area is 5~100,000 times of common iron filings, have compared with Strong reproducibility, therefore present invention preferably employs sponge iron.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is electrolysis unit schematic diagram.
Specific embodiment
Below with reference to the detection of specific embodiment and nitrogen phosphorus ligands effect, the present invention is described in further detail, institute Stating is explanation to invention rather than limits.
The present invention tests the electrolysis unit used as shown in Figure 1, electrolytic cell uses the glass beaker of 500mL, and anode uses Analyse chloride electrode, cathode modifies titanium pole plate using self-control copper/graphene oxide, the effective area of anode and cathode be 3cm × 3cm, power supply use KR-3010 D.C. regulated power supply (maximum voltage 30V, maximum current 10A).
Specific embodiment is as follows:
Embodiment 1
Graphene oxide and copper simple substance is successively electroplated on the titanium pole plate of purchase, obtains Cu/GO/Ti electrode.
Embodiment 2
With the sponge iron and active carbon particle of the Cu/GO/Ti electrode prepared in embodiment 1 and purchase, to nitrogenous phosphorus solution Carry out electrolytic trial.Using 2 pieces of Cu/GO/Ti electrodes of preparation as cathode, both sides are placed in, the analysis chlorine pole plate of purchase is as sun Pole is placed in centre, and electrode, which is totally placed in the middle top solution of solution, is added NaCl and anhydrous sodium sulfate.Gauze is spread over Lower section in solution, and be fixed, for carrying iron carbon particle, the rotor of magnetic agitation is placed in bottommost.Wherein, electrode has Effect area is 9cm2, current density 15mA/cm2, electrolysis water 500ml, iron carbon mass concentration is 20g/L, and iron carbon mass ratio is 7:3, nitrate nitrogen initial concentration are 30mg/L, and the initial concentration of total phosphorus is 5mg/L, and temperature is room temperature, stirring intensity 850r/ Min, using magnetic agitation, the concentration of NaCl is 600mg/L, and the concentration of anhydrous sodium sulfate is 7.1g/L, and pole plate spacing is 8mm, Electrolysis time is 5h.The ultimate density of nitrate nitrogen is 9.26mg/L, and in 180min, the concentration of total phosphorus is 0mg/L, and ammonia nitrogen is final Concentration is 27.11mg/L, and the ultimate density of nitrite nitrogen is 0.018mg/L.
Embodiment 3
With embodiment 2, iron carbon mass ratio is 3:2, and other conditions are constant, and the ultimate density of the nitrate nitrogen measured is 14.23mg/L, in 100min, the concentration of total phosphorus is 0mg/L.
Embodiment 4
With embodiment 2, iron carbon mass ratio is 1:1, and other conditions are constant, and the ultimate density of the nitrate nitrogen measured is 15.02mg/L, in 40min, the concentration of total phosphorus is 0mg/L.
As it can be seen that in certain iron carbon quality than in range, three-dimensional electrolysis system is to the removal rate of nitrate nitrogen in water with fe Ratio increase and increase, and the removal rate of total phosphorus is accelerated with the raising of active carbon ratio.
Embodiment 5
With embodiment 2, the concentration of NaCl is 1000mg/L, and other conditions are constant, and measuring nitrate is 10.66mg/ L, in 180min, the concentration of total phosphorus is 0mg/L, and the ultimate density of ammonia nitrogen is 21.4mg/L, and the ultimate density of nitrite nitrogen is 0mg/L。
Embodiment 6
With embodiment 2, the concentration of NaCl is 2000mg/L, current density 30mA/cm2, other conditions are constant, measure nitre The ultimate density of state nitrogen is 9.17mg/L, is 0mg/L in the concentration of 120min total phosphorus, and the ultimate density of ammonia nitrogen is 17.97mg/L, The ultimate density of nitrite nitrogen is 0mg/L.
Embodiment 7
With embodiment 2, the concentration of NaCl is 4000mg/L, current density 30mA/cm2, other conditions are constant, measure The ultimate density of nitrate nitrogen is 8.85mg/L, and in 90min, the concentration of total phosphorus is 0mg/L, and the ultimate density of ammonia nitrogen is 0mg/L, The ultimate density of nitrite nitrogen is 0.57mg/L.
As it can be seen that in certain NaCl concentration and current density range, it, can with the increase of NaCl concentration and current density To greatly facilitate conversion of the ammonia nitrogen to nitrogen, to reach the innoxious removal of nitrogen.
Embodiment 8
With embodiment 6, electrolysis time 30min, other conditions are constant, and the concentration for measuring nitrate nitrogen is 27.07mg/L, always The concentration of phosphorus is 1.34mg/L, and the concentration of ammonia nitrogen is 3.11mg/L, and the concentration of nitrite nitrogen is 0.003mg/L.
Embodiment 9
With embodiment 6, electrolysis time 60min, other conditions are constant, and the concentration for measuring nitrate nitrogen is 23.95mg/L, always The concentration of phosphorus is 1.3mg/L, and the concentration of ammonia nitrogen is 6.26mg/L, and the concentration of nitrite nitrogen is 0.003mg/L.
Embodiment 10
With embodiment 6, electrolysis time 90min, other conditions are constant, and the concentration for measuring nitrate nitrogen is 21.65mg/L, always The concentration of phosphorus is 1.22mg/L, and the concentration of ammonia nitrogen is 9.11mg/L, and the concentration of nitrite nitrogen is 0.006mg/L.
Embodiment 11
With embodiment 6, electrolysis time 120min, other conditions are constant, and the concentration for measuring nitrate nitrogen is 19.52mg/L, The concentration of total phosphorus is 0mg/L, and the concentration of ammonia nitrogen is 11.4mg/L, and the concentration of nitrite nitrogen is 0.003mg/L.
Embodiment 12
With embodiment 6, electrolysis time 150min, other conditions are constant, and the concentration for measuring nitrate nitrogen is 17.22mg/L, The concentration of total phosphorus is 0mg/L, and the concentration of ammonia nitrogen is 11.97mg/L, and the concentration of nitrite nitrogen is 0mg/L.
Embodiment 13
With embodiment 6, electrolysis time 180min, other conditions are constant, and the concentration for measuring nitrate nitrogen is 16.07mg/L, The concentration of total phosphorus is 0mg/L, and the concentration of ammonia nitrogen is 13.11mg/L, and the concentration of nitrite nitrogen is 0.003mg/L.
Embodiment 14
With embodiment 6, electrolysis time 240min, other conditions are constant, and the concentration for measuring nitrate nitrogen is 11.64mg/L, The concentration of total phosphorus is 0mg/L, and the concentration of ammonia nitrogen is 15.69mg/L, and the concentration of nitrite nitrogen is 0mg/L.
As it can be seen that, with increasing for electrolysis time, the removal rate of nitrate nitrogen and total phosphorus is got in the range of certain electrolysis time Come higher, with the consumption of a certain amount of NaCl, the concentration of ammonia nitrogen increases with increasing for electrolysis time, the concentration of nitrite nitrogen It is always maintained at very low content in electrolytic process, almost can be ignored.
Embodiment 15
With embodiment 2, current density 10mA/cm2, other conditions are constant, and the concentration for measuring nitrate nitrogen is 11.45mg/ L, concentration of the total phosphorus in 120min are 0mg/L.
Embodiment 16
With embodiment 2, current density 20mA/cm2, other conditions are constant, and the concentration for measuring nitrate nitrogen is 8.27mg/L, Concentration of the total phosphorus in 120min is 0mg/L.
Embodiment 17
With embodiment 2, current density 25mA/cm2, other conditions are constant, and the concentration for measuring nitrate nitrogen is 8.07mg/L, Concentration of the total phosphorus in 120min is 0mg/L.
Embodiment 18
With embodiment 2, current density 30mA/cm2, other conditions are constant, and the concentration for measuring nitrate nitrogen is 6.87mg/L, Concentration of the total phosphorus in 30min is 0mg/L.
As it can be seen that, with the increase of current density, the removal rate of nitrate nitrogen increases in certain current density range.
Embodiment 19
With embodiment 18, iron carbon mass concentration is 60g/L, and other conditions are constant, and the concentration for measuring nitrate nitrogen is 5.89mg/ L, concentration of the total phosphorus in 180min are 0mg/L.
Embodiment 20
With embodiment 18, iron carbon mass concentration is 100g/L, and other conditions are constant, and the concentration for measuring nitrate nitrogen is 3.58mg/L, concentration of the total phosphorus in 30min are 0mg/L.
As it can be seen that in certain iron carbonaceous amount concentration range, with the increase of iron carbon mass concentration, the removal rate of nitrate nitrogen with Increase.
Electrocatalytic method refer to catalytic hydrogenation by nitrate reduction be nitrogen or ammonia nitrogen.Electrochemical reaction is using electronics as reaction Agent avoids generating secondary pollution, and selectivity is good, is convenient for integrated treatment, equipment is simple, easily controllable.Phosphorus in usual water with Based on the form of inorganic states exists, minimizing technology is mainly that biology inhales phosphorus and chemical precipitation dephosphorization.And in existing electro-catalysis Without containing with iron, the ion of aluminium generation and phosphate generation precipitating.So the present invention add iron carbon formed light electrolysis, generate iron from Son generates precipitating with phosphate and removes the phosphorus in sewage.Electric current caused by electro-catalysis can promote the dissolution of iron ion, single Matter iron can restore nitrate again, strengthen the removal of nitrate further.Two systems have the function of mutually promoting, The efficiency of processing sewage can be improved.
The present invention is with ClˉFor supporting electrolyte, it can be achieved that NO in water3 ˉThe innoxious removing of-N, i.e., by NO- 3- N is converted into N2- N is removed, the principle of foundation breakpoint chlorination, NO in electrolysis system3The reduzate NH of-N4 +- N is oxidized to N2- N removal. It is invalid to the removal of total phosphorus due to the effect that two-dimensional electrode has reduction to remove only for nitrate nitrogen, therefore in the system of two dimension electrolysis Lower introducing iron-carbon micro-electrolysis constitutes three-dimensional electrolysis, to reach removal synchronous with total phosphorus to nitrate nitrogen.Studies have shown that a large amount of Nitrate is first reduced to nitrite, further restores as ammonia nitrogen, in electrolytic process, the content of nitrite nitrogen is protected always Hold in 0.01mg/L hereinafter, and after certain suitable chloride ion is added in electrolyte, ammonia nitrogen can be completely converted into nitrogen.By with On, it can be deduced that three-dimensional electrolysis device not only has removal rate to nitrate nitrogen, also has almost phase similarly for the inorganic nitrogen of total nitrogen Same removal rate.So the synchronous removal total nitrogen of three-dimensional electrolysis and total phosphorus are a kind of preferred arrangements, traditional dirt can be effectively avoided The problems of mud processing method is conducive to the efficiency for improving sewage treatment, and reduces the occupied area of sewage treatment And civil engineering cost, greatly reduce harm and pollution that the nitrogen phosphorus in sewage generates human body and environment.And three-diemsnional electrode The more traditional denitrification dephosphorization technique of electrolysis method has certain innovation and improvement.
Nitrate nitrogen of the present invention is under copper catalysis and iron-carbon micro-electrolysis effect, through activated carbon adsorption, mass transfer, adsorption desorption, electricity The processes such as son exchange are removed.Phosphorus is that the suction-operated in iron-carbon micro-electrolysis, chemical precipitation, co-precipitation, electrochemistry etc. are a variety of It is removed under collective effect.Three-diemsnional electrode substance mass transfer effect in the three-dimensional electrode electrolysis method that is utilized of the present invention is good, have compared with High current effect and unit space-time yield not only can effectively synchronize nitrate nitrogen and phosphorus in removal sewage, solve tail water The point-source pollution problem of advanced treating qualified discharge and tail water;And cost brought by conventional method can be effectively avoided Height, treatment effect is bad, easily causes the defects of secondary pollution, is conducive to the efficiency for improving sewage treatment, reduces sewage treatment Cost, greatly reduce harm and pollution that nitrate nitrogen phosphorus in sewage generates human body and environment, and can have item The realization vacuum in draft tube of part alleviates shortage of water resources, brings huge economic benefit and social benefit for society.

Claims (7)

1. a kind of synchronize nitrate and phosphatic method in water removal using three-dimensional electrolysis device, which is characterized in that with one piece It analyses chloride electrode and is used as anode, two blocks of copper/graphene oxide modify titanium pole plate as cathode, and iron is added in water as electrolyte in water Particle and active carbon particle, are electrolysed.
2. according to claim 1 synchronize nitrate and phosphatic method in water removal using three-dimensional electrolysis device, It is characterized in that, current density when electrolysis is 10~30mA/cm2
3. according to claim 1 synchronize nitrate and phosphatic method in water removal using three-dimensional electrolysis device, It is characterized in that, the pH that water is reconciled after iron particle and active carbon particle is added and before electrolysis is neutrality.
4. according to claim 1 synchronize nitrate and phosphatic method in water removal using three-dimensional electrolysis device, It is characterized in that, the total concentration of iron particle and active carbon particle is 20g/L~100g/L, the mass ratio of iron particle and active carbon particle For (7~3): 3.
5. according to claim 1 synchronize nitrate and phosphatic method in water removal using three-dimensional electrolysis device, It is characterized in that, the mass ratio of iron particle and active carbon particle is 7:3,3:2 or 1:1.
6. according to claim 1 synchronize nitrate and phosphatic method in water removal using three-dimensional electrolysis device, It is characterized in that, electrolysis time is 30~240min.
7. according to claim 1 synchronize nitrate and phosphatic method in water removal using three-dimensional electrolysis device, It is characterized in that, iron particle uses sponge iron.
CN201910501874.8A 2019-06-11 2019-06-11 It is a kind of that nitrate and phosphatic method in water removal are synchronized using three-dimensional electrolysis device Pending CN110127819A (en)

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CN115676982A (en) * 2022-11-18 2023-02-03 国红环保科技有限责任公司 Sewage denitrification device and method based on alternating current electrolysis
CN115676982B (en) * 2022-11-18 2024-02-02 国红环保科技有限责任公司 Sewage denitrification device and method based on alternating current electrolysis

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