CN110126256A - A kind of preparation method of bionical shellfish material - Google Patents
A kind of preparation method of bionical shellfish material Download PDFInfo
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- CN110126256A CN110126256A CN201910439616.1A CN201910439616A CN110126256A CN 110126256 A CN110126256 A CN 110126256A CN 201910439616 A CN201910439616 A CN 201910439616A CN 110126256 A CN110126256 A CN 110126256A
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- bionical
- preparation
- organic frame
- shellfish
- shellfish material
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
- B29C64/10—Processes of additive manufacturing
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
- B29C64/30—Auxiliary operations or equipment
- B29C64/379—Handling of additively manufactured objects, e.g. using robots
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y10/00—Processes of additive manufacturing
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y40/00—Auxiliary operations or equipment, e.g. for material handling
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y70/00—Materials specially adapted for additive manufacturing
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01F—COMPOUNDS OF THE METALS BERYLLIUM, MAGNESIUM, ALUMINIUM, CALCIUM, STRONTIUM, BARIUM, RADIUM, THORIUM, OR OF THE RARE-EARTH METALS
- C01F11/00—Compounds of calcium, strontium, or barium
- C01F11/18—Carbonates
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/18—Oxygen-containing compounds, e.g. metal carbonyls
- C08K3/24—Acids; Salts thereof
- C08K3/26—Carbonates; Bicarbonates
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L63/00—Compositions of epoxy resins; Compositions of derivatives of epoxy resins
- C08L63/10—Epoxy resins modified by unsaturated compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L75/00—Compositions of polyureas or polyurethanes; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
- C08L75/04—Polyurethanes
- C08L75/14—Polyurethanes having carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/18—Oxygen-containing compounds, e.g. metal carbonyls
- C08K3/24—Acids; Salts thereof
- C08K3/26—Carbonates; Bicarbonates
- C08K2003/265—Calcium, strontium or barium carbonate
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of preparation methods of bionical shellfish material, belong to biomimetic features mechanics field of material technology, comprising the following steps: (1) carry out " brick-wall " structure using modeling software and construct;(2) using photosensitive resin as raw material, diluent and photoinitiator is added using micro-nano 3D printing equipment and prints the organic frame of clam shell feature;(3) calcium carbonate is deposited in the organic frame of printing using the method being precipitated in situ, obtains the organic frame of deposition calcium carbonate;(4) hot pressing is carried out using organic frame of the pressure sintering to deposition calcium carbonate, obtains the bionical shellfish material.Present invention process is simple, and the bionical shellfish material uniformity of preparation is good, and close to shellfish material, bionical shellfish material has very useful value in fields such as mechanics engineering, aerospace and bulletproof armours for intensity, fracture toughness.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to biomimetic features mechanics field of material technology, and in particular to a kind of preparation side of bionical shellfish material
Method.
Background technique
In recent years since, biomimetic material causes the extensive research interest of scientific circles because of its excellent various performance.Wherein, shell
As the molluscan shell in waterside, it is that calcified material is formed by by a kind of molluscan secretion of special gland cell, has
Play the role of protecting animal ontology.
Shell is made it have excellent intensity, rigidity, hardness and strong fracture toughness, is due to unique " brick-wall " structure
Ideal bionic model.The structure of shell is usually to be made of the overlapped of lamellar structure.Inorganic sheet layer structure
Main component is CaCO3, provide the strength character of shell, and the organic protein for the non-type structure being present between layer structure
Matter provides the toughness of shell.Therefore, this brick adds the microstructure of cement mo(u)ld, causes the excellent physical property of shell.
This unique structure of shell has very useful value in fields such as mechanics engineering, aerospace and bulletproof armours.But mesh
Preceding research is also faced with many challenges still in the initial stage.
This " brick-wall " structure of shell is always the hot issue of academia's research.The ridge Pan Xiao Feng Hegaohuai is public within 2014
A kind of two-step Taylor-Galerkin using " the bionical assembling of de-assembly-" has been opened, high-performance flexibility is assembled into natural mica powder and imitates shellfish
Shell structure mica composite membrane (Xiao-Feng Pan, Huai-Ling Gao, Nature Communication, (2018) 9:
2974).2016 Nian Yushuhong seminars report a kind of simulation nacre growth pattern and are successfully prepared milli on organic frame
Layer structure bulk material (Li-Bo Mao, Huai-Ling Gao, the Shu-Hong Yu, Bioinspired of meter Hou Du
Materials,2016,Vol 354,ISSUE 6308).But these clam shell features prepared require cumbersome step,
And uniformity is poor, and performance is caused to differ greatly with real clam shell feature.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of preparation sides of the good bionical shellfish material of simple process, material homogeneity
Method quickly prepares bionical shell " brick-wall " structural material using micro-nano 3D printing technique.
The preparation method of this bionical shellfish material provided by the invention, comprising the following steps:
(1) " brick-wall " structure is carried out using modeling software to construct;
(2) using photosensitive resin as raw material, diluent and photoinitiator is added, using micro-nano 3D printing equipment, prints shellfish
The organic frame of shell structure;
(3) calcium carbonate is deposited in the organic frame of printing using the method being precipitated in situ, obtains having for deposition calcium carbonate
Machine frame;
(4) hot pressing is carried out using organic frame of the pressure sintering to deposition calcium carbonate obtained by step (3), obtains the bionical shellfish
Shell material.
Preferably, in step (1), the modeling software is using one of Solidworks, CAD.
Preferably, in step (2), the photosensitive resin is elastic photosensitive resin, which uses oligomeric
Object is one or more of urethane acrylate, epoxy acrylate, aliphatic urethane acrylate, oligomer
Preferably 20~50wt%.
Preferably, in step (2), the diluent is isobornyl acrylate, tri (propylene glycol) diacrylate, second
One or more of trimethylolpropane trimethacrylate is aoxidized, amount of diluent is preferably 50~80wt%.
Preferably, in step (2), the photoinitiator is 2,4,6- trimethylbenzoy-dipheny phosphine oxides, phenyl
One or both of bis- (2,4,6- trimethylbenzoyl) phosphine oxides, photoinitiator levels are preferably 1~3wt%.
Preferably, in step (2), ultra-fine glass capillary used in micro-nano 3D printing equipment is by drawing needle instrument to be drawn
Ultra-fine capillary glass needle out.
Preferably, in step (3), the specific steps of the deposition calcium carbonate are as follows:
S1. calcium chloride is dissolved in deionized water, and the organic frame of printing is put into togerther;
S2. configured sodium carbonate liquor is added while stirring in the solution into step S1, so that sodium carbonate and chlorination
The molar ratio of calcium is 1:1, and mixed solution is transferred in reaction kettle and carries out hydro-thermal reaction, and reaction temperature is 80~200 DEG C, instead
It is 10~20h between seasonable;
S3. cooled to room temperature after reaction, organic frame is taken out, is cleaned with ethyl alcohol and deionized water several
It is secondary, dry 12 are put into drying box at 60~100 DEG C~for 24 hours.
Preferably, in step S2, hydrothermal temperature is 80~150 DEG C, and the reaction time is 12~18h.
It is furthermore preferred that hydrothermal temperature is 120 DEG C, reaction time 15h in step S2.
Preferably, in step (4), hot pressing temperature is 40~120 DEG C, and pressure is 5~100Mpa, and the time is 12~48h.
Compared with prior art, advantageous effects of the invention:
The preparation method of this bionical shellfish material provided by the invention, using micro-nano 3D printing technique, quickly preparation is imitative
Raw shell " brick-wall " structural material, present invention process is simple, and the bionical shellfish material uniformity of preparation is good, bionical shellfish material
There is very useful value in fields such as mechanics engineering, aerospace and bulletproof armours.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is three-dimensional " brick-wall " model of modeling software building.
Fig. 2 is the ultra-fine glass capillary that micro-nano 3D printing equipment uses.
Fig. 3 is the flow chart of the preparation method of bionical shellfish material.
Specific embodiment
The technical scheme in the embodiments of the invention will be clearly and completely described below, it is clear that described implementation
Example is only a part of the embodiment of the present invention, rather than whole embodiments, based on the embodiments of the present invention, ordinary skill
Personnel's every other embodiment obtained without making creative work, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention,
Present invention will be further explained below with reference to the attached drawings and specific examples.
Embodiment 1
A kind of preparation method of bionical shellfish material of the present embodiment, comprising the following steps:
(1) building of " brick-wall " structure is carried out using Solidworks, constitutes long 100 μ of small rectangle hole of organic frame
M, it is 50 μm high, 10 μm of wall thickness, as shown in Figure 1;
(2) configure photosensitive resin: oligomer selects urethane acrylate, mass fraction 49%, diluent selection third
Olefin(e) acid isobornyl thiocyanoacetate, mass fraction 50%, photoinitiator select 2,4,6- trimethylbenzoy-dipheny phosphine oxides, matter
Measuring score is 1%, photosensitive resin needed for magnetic agitation 12h is obtained at room temperature;
(3) configured photosensitive resin syringe is injected in ultra-fine glass capillary and is inserted into copper wire, copper wire connects electricity
Source anode, bottom plate connect power cathode, are acted on by the electric field force of high-voltage electricity and resin is pulled out and printed, after the completion of printing,
Organic frame is removed from bottom plate, the organic frame printed;
(4) calcium chloride is dissolved in the calcium chloride solution that 1mol/L is configured in deionized water, and the organic frame that will be printed
It is put into togerther, mole that configured 1mol/L sodium carbonate liquor makes sodium carbonate and calcium chloride is added while stirring into solution
Than for 1:1, and mixed solution is transferred in reaction kettle and carries out hydro-thermal reaction, reaction temperature is 120 DEG C, reaction time 15h;
Cooled to room temperature after reaction takes out organic frame, is cleaned several times with ethyl alcohol and deionized water, is put into drying box
In at 100 DEG C dry 12h;
(5) organic frame for being filled with calcium carbonate is compressed using pressure sintering, compression temperature is 80 DEG C, and pressure is
30Mpa, time are for 24 hours.
Embodiment 2
A kind of preparation method of bionical shellfish material of the present embodiment, comprising the following steps:
(1) building of " brick-wall " structure is carried out using Solidworks, constitutes long 100 μ of small rectangle hole of organic frame
M, it is 50 μm high, 10 μm of wall thickness;
(2) configure photosensitive resin: oligomer selects urethane acrylate, mass fraction 48%, diluent selection third
Olefin(e) acid isobornyl thiocyanoacetate, tri (propylene glycol) diacrylate, mass fraction are 25%, and photoinitiator selects 2,4,6- trimethyls
Benzoyl-diphenyl phosphine oxide, mass fraction 2%, photosensitive resin needed for magnetic agitation 12h is obtained at room temperature;
(3) configured photosensitive resin syringe is injected in ultra-fine glass capillary and is inserted into copper wire, copper wire connects electricity
Source anode, bottom plate connect power cathode, are acted on by the electric field force of high-voltage electricity and resin is pulled out and printed, after the completion of printing,
Organic frame is removed from bottom plate, the organic frame printed;
(4) calcium chloride is dissolved in the calcium chloride solution that 1mol/L is configured in deionized water, and the organic frame that will be printed
It is put into togerther, mole that configured 1mol/L sodium carbonate liquor makes sodium carbonate and calcium chloride is added while stirring into solution
Than for 1:1, and mixed solution is transferred in reaction kettle and carries out hydro-thermal reaction, reaction temperature is 100 DEG C, reaction time 12h;
Cooled to room temperature after reaction takes out organic frame, is cleaned several times with ethyl alcohol and deionized water, is put into drying box
In at 80 DEG C dry 18h;
(5) organic frame for being filled with calcium carbonate is compressed using pressure sintering, compression temperature is 80 DEG C, and pressure is
50Mpa, time are for 24 hours.
Embodiment 3
A kind of preparation method of bionical shellfish material of the present embodiment, comprising the following steps:
(1) building of " brick-wall " structure is carried out using Solidworks, constitutes long 100 μ of small rectangle hole of organic frame
M, it is 50 μm high, 10 μm of wall thickness;
(2) configure photosensitive resin: oligomer selects epoxy acrylate, aliphatic urethane acrylate, mass fraction
It is 22.5%, diluent selects ethoxyquin trimethylolpropane trimethacrylate, mass fraction 52%, photoinitiator selection
Bis- (2,4, the 6- trimethylbenzoyl) phosphine oxides of phenyl, mass fraction 3%, needed for magnetic agitation 12h is obtained at room temperature
Photosensitive resin;
(3) configured photosensitive resin syringe is injected in ultra-fine glass capillary and is inserted into copper wire, copper wire connects electricity
Source anode, bottom plate connect power cathode, are acted on by the electric field force of high-voltage electricity and resin is pulled out and printed, after the completion of printing,
Organic frame is removed from bottom plate, the organic frame printed;
(4) calcium chloride is dissolved in the calcium chloride solution that 1mol/L is configured in deionized water, and the organic frame that will be printed
It is put into togerther, mole that configured 1mol/L sodium carbonate liquor makes sodium carbonate and calcium chloride is added while stirring into solution
Than for 1:1, and mixed solution is transferred in reaction kettle and carries out hydro-thermal reaction, reaction temperature is 150 DEG C, reaction time 18h;
Cooled to room temperature after reaction takes out organic frame, is cleaned several times with ethyl alcohol and deionized water, is put into drying box
In at 60 DEG C it is dry for 24 hours;
(5) organic frame for being filled with calcium carbonate is compressed using pressure sintering, compression temperature is 100 DEG C, and pressure is
80Mpa, time are for 24 hours.
The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, protection scope of the present invention is not limited merely to above-mentioned implementation
Example.To those of ordinary skill in the art, obtained improvement and change in the case where not departing from the technology of the present invention concept thereof
It changes and also should be regarded as protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of preparation method of bionical shellfish material, which comprises the following steps:
(1) " brick-wall " structure is carried out using modeling software to construct;
(2) using photosensitive resin as raw material, diluent and photoinitiator is added, using micro-nano 3D printing equipment, prints shell knot
The organic frame of structure;
(3) calcium carbonate is deposited in the organic frame of printing using the method being precipitated in situ, obtain deposition calcium carbonate has machine frame
Frame;
(4) hot pressing is carried out using organic frame of the pressure sintering to deposition calcium carbonate obtained by step (3), obtains the bionical shell material
Material.
2. the preparation method of bionical shellfish material according to claim 1, which is characterized in that in step (1), the modeling
Software is using one of Solidworks, CAD.
3. the preparation method of bionical shellfish material according to claim 1, which is characterized in that described photosensitive in step (2)
Resin is elastic photosensitive resin, and the oligomer which uses is urethane acrylate, epoxy acrylate, rouge
One or more of fat adoption urethane acrylate, oligomer is preferably 20~50wt%;
The diluent is isobornyl acrylate, tri (propylene glycol) diacrylate, ethoxyquin trimethylolpropane tris third
One or more of olefin(e) acid ester, amount of diluent are preferably 50~80wt%;
The photoinitiator is 2,4,6- trimethylbenzoy-dipheny phosphine oxide, bis- (the 2,4,6- trimethylbenzoyls of phenyl
One or both of base) phosphine oxide, photoinitiator levels are preferably 1~3wt%.
4. the preparation method of bionical shellfish material according to claim 1, which is characterized in that in step (2), micro-nano 3D is beaten
Ultra-fine glass capillary used in printing apparatus is the ultra-fine capillary glass needle by drawing needle instrument to be pulled out.
5. the preparation method of bionical shellfish material according to claim 1, which is characterized in that in step (3), the deposition
The specific steps of calcium carbonate are as follows:
S1. calcium chloride is dissolved in deionized water, and the organic frame of printing is put into togerther;
S2. configured sodium carbonate liquor is added while stirring in the solution into step S1, so that sodium carbonate and calcium chloride
Molar ratio is 1:1, and mixed solution is transferred in reaction kettle and carries out hydro-thermal reaction, and reaction temperature is 80~200 DEG C, when reaction
Between be 10~20h;
S3. cooled to room temperature after reaction, organic frame is taken out, is cleaned several times, is put with ethyl alcohol and deionized water
Enter in drying box dry 12 at 60~100 DEG C~for 24 hours.
6. the preparation method of bionical shellfish material according to claim 5, which is characterized in that in step S2, hydro-thermal reaction
Temperature is 80~150 DEG C, and the reaction time is 12~18h.
7. the preparation method of bionical shellfish material according to claim 5 or 6, which is characterized in that in step S2, hydro-thermal
Reaction temperature is 120 DEG C, reaction time 15h.
8. the preparation method of bionical shellfish material according to claim 1, which is characterized in that in step (4), hot pressing temperature
It is 40~120 DEG C, pressure is 5~100Mpa, and the time is 12~48h.
9. the bionical shell material that the preparation method of bionical shellfish material described according to claim 1~any one of 8 is prepared
Material.
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Cited By (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN110724390A (en) * | 2019-10-18 | 2020-01-24 | 浙江农林大学 | Imitation biological matter pearl shell material and preparation method thereof |
CN111558931A (en) * | 2020-04-08 | 2020-08-21 | 江苏大学 | Magnetic fluid driven inchworm-imitating soft robot |
CN111558932A (en) * | 2020-04-13 | 2020-08-21 | 江苏大学 | Pneumatic inchworm-imitating software robot based on 3D printing technology |
CN113561472A (en) * | 2021-06-30 | 2021-10-29 | 浙江大学 | Preparation method of cuttlefish bone-imitated light high-strength material with shape memory function |
CN114539801A (en) * | 2021-11-25 | 2022-05-27 | 广西医科大学 | Oyster shell powder-reinforced 3D printing composite material and preparation method thereof |
CN114789256A (en) * | 2022-06-23 | 2022-07-26 | 吉林大学 | Heterogeneous metal bionic skeleton energy-absorbing noise-reducing structure and material increase manufacturing method thereof |
TWI777644B (en) * | 2021-07-01 | 2022-09-11 | 淡江大學學校財團法人淡江大學 | In-situ precipitation 3D printing equipment |
CN115057461A (en) * | 2022-06-13 | 2022-09-16 | 北京晨晰环保工程有限公司 | Ultra-small-size calcium hydroxide composite material, and preparation method and application thereof |
-
2019
- 2019-05-24 CN CN201910439616.1A patent/CN110126256B/en active Active
Cited By (11)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN110724390A (en) * | 2019-10-18 | 2020-01-24 | 浙江农林大学 | Imitation biological matter pearl shell material and preparation method thereof |
CN110724390B (en) * | 2019-10-18 | 2021-08-10 | 浙江农林大学 | Imitation biological matter pearl shell material and preparation method thereof |
CN111558931A (en) * | 2020-04-08 | 2020-08-21 | 江苏大学 | Magnetic fluid driven inchworm-imitating soft robot |
CN111558932A (en) * | 2020-04-13 | 2020-08-21 | 江苏大学 | Pneumatic inchworm-imitating software robot based on 3D printing technology |
CN111558932B (en) * | 2020-04-13 | 2023-06-13 | 江苏大学 | Pneumatic inchworm-imitating soft robot based on 3D printing technology |
CN113561472A (en) * | 2021-06-30 | 2021-10-29 | 浙江大学 | Preparation method of cuttlefish bone-imitated light high-strength material with shape memory function |
TWI777644B (en) * | 2021-07-01 | 2022-09-11 | 淡江大學學校財團法人淡江大學 | In-situ precipitation 3D printing equipment |
CN114539801A (en) * | 2021-11-25 | 2022-05-27 | 广西医科大学 | Oyster shell powder-reinforced 3D printing composite material and preparation method thereof |
CN115057461A (en) * | 2022-06-13 | 2022-09-16 | 北京晨晰环保工程有限公司 | Ultra-small-size calcium hydroxide composite material, and preparation method and application thereof |
CN115057461B (en) * | 2022-06-13 | 2023-10-27 | 北京晨晰环保工程有限公司 | Ultra-small-size calcium hydroxide composite material and preparation method and application thereof |
CN114789256A (en) * | 2022-06-23 | 2022-07-26 | 吉林大学 | Heterogeneous metal bionic skeleton energy-absorbing noise-reducing structure and material increase manufacturing method thereof |
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