CN110125229A - A kind of synchronization high pressure gas expansion forming method of large-scale titanium alloy bilayer cone cylinder component - Google Patents
A kind of synchronization high pressure gas expansion forming method of large-scale titanium alloy bilayer cone cylinder component Download PDFInfo
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- CN110125229A CN110125229A CN201811552653.5A CN201811552653A CN110125229A CN 110125229 A CN110125229 A CN 110125229A CN 201811552653 A CN201811552653 A CN 201811552653A CN 110125229 A CN110125229 A CN 110125229A
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- cone cylinder
- double layered
- cylinder base
- conically shaped
- titanium alloy
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D26/00—Shaping without cutting otherwise than using rigid devices or tools or yieldable or resilient pads, i.e. applying fluid pressure or magnetic forces
- B21D26/02—Shaping without cutting otherwise than using rigid devices or tools or yieldable or resilient pads, i.e. applying fluid pressure or magnetic forces by applying fluid pressure
- B21D26/033—Deforming tubular bodies
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D26/00—Shaping without cutting otherwise than using rigid devices or tools or yieldable or resilient pads, i.e. applying fluid pressure or magnetic forces
- B21D26/02—Shaping without cutting otherwise than using rigid devices or tools or yieldable or resilient pads, i.e. applying fluid pressure or magnetic forces by applying fluid pressure
- B21D26/033—Deforming tubular bodies
- B21D26/041—Means for controlling fluid parameters, e.g. pressure or temperature
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D26/00—Shaping without cutting otherwise than using rigid devices or tools or yieldable or resilient pads, i.e. applying fluid pressure or magnetic forces
- B21D26/02—Shaping without cutting otherwise than using rigid devices or tools or yieldable or resilient pads, i.e. applying fluid pressure or magnetic forces by applying fluid pressure
- B21D26/033—Deforming tubular bodies
- B21D26/045—Closing or sealing means
Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of synchronization high pressure gas expansion forming methods of large-scale titanium alloy song bus bilayer cone cylinder component, this method carries out hot high pressure gas expansion forming using double layered cone cylinder base under specific forming temperature, ensure that curve form is consistent between internal layer and outer layer conically shaped, fit clearance is small, does not need subsequent school shape process；Structure property regulation is then completed by heat preservation heat treatment, heat treatment destroys dimensional accuracy after avoiding forming, realizes form accuracy regulation integrated with structure property.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to Plastic Forming manufacturing technology fields, are related to a kind of for manufacturing titanium alloy song bus bilayer cone cylinder structure
The synchronization high pressure gas expansion forming method of part.
Background technique
Large-scale titanium alloy song bus bilayer cone cylinder component is common first grade member in aircraft, in order to meet high speed gas
Dynamic performance, high temperature and pressure military service performance need, and the dimensional accuracy and structure property of such component require very high.Fig. 1 shows one
The typical large-scale titanium alloy song bus bilayer cone cylinder component of kind, by the Thin Walled Curved of internal layer and the bent bus frustum profile of outer layer
Surface member composition.The minimum wall thickness (MINI W.) of this kind of component reaches 1mm, and maximum gauge reaches 3000mm, thus maximum radius-thickness ratio up to 3000 with
On, belong to difficult-to-deformation material super large ultrathin component.Such component manufacture difficulty is: 1) dimension precision requirement is high, such as, it is desirable that
The diameter tolerance of diameter up to 2000mm cone cylinder part is only ± 0.25mm；2) inside and outside two layers of coherence request is high, and inside and outside two layers complete
Face domain gap is not more than 0.1mm；3) component tissue performance requirement is high, it is desirable that microstructure is uniform, crystallite dimension is reasonable.
Currently, the manufacturing technology of such titanium alloy bilayer cone cylinder relates generally to resolving into internal layer and outer layer into 6-8 respectively
The relatively simple curved panel piece of shape is respectively adopted a pair of of rigid die to every block of plate and shapes, then welded and heated
School shape.Specifically, traditional manufacturing process includes: that the slab that will be cut is put into upper and lower two moulds for being heated to certain temperature
Between tool, being closed application pressure by mold makes slab deformation, and pressure maintaining shapes substantially for a period of time；Then plate is cut one by one
Assembly welding behind side obtains internal layer and outer layer 2 whole cone cylinder parts；Internal layer, outer layer are carried out to heating for multiple times integrally school respectively again
Internal layer and outer layer are finally nested together by shape, obtain the double-deck cone cylinder part.
The technique that existing this piecemeal forming is welded again is not able to satisfy large-scale titanium alloy jet pipe product manufacturing requirement, should
Traditional handicraft is primarily present following problem:
1) component precision is low: the titanium alloy thin wall component of piecemeal forming is also easy to produce shape distortion, dimensional discrepancy in welding
It can be more than 2mm, and be difficult to meet required precision using multiple school shape；
2) inside and outside layer consistency is poor, and gap is big: piecemeal shapes the double-deck cone cylinder for welding acquisition again, due to the ruler of inside and outside layer
Very little precision is lower, cannot be guaranteed comprehensive domain fitting gap when being set in together, maximal clearance is not able to satisfy commonly greater than 1mm
Subsequent welding requirements；
3) component structure property is poor: piecemeal forming process and heating for multiple times school shape cause component structure property to deteriorate, with original
Beginning plate is compared, and component service temperature loss of strength is up to 10%.
Summary of the invention
For solve component precision present in existing large-scale titanium alloy song bus bilayer cone cylinder component manufacturing process it is low,
The problems such as ectonexine consistency difference and poor structure property, the inventors discovered that, when use high pressure gas is in certain forming temperature
Under when synchronizing gas expansion forming to inner barrel and outer barrel, can satisfy component required precision, keep ectonexine consistency good, and also
The structure property that component can be regulated and controled thus proposes a kind of synchronization high pressure of improved large-scale titanium alloy song bus bilayer cone cylinder
Gas expansion forming method.
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of synchronization high pressure gas of large-scale titanium alloy song bus bilayer cone cylinder component
Swollen manufacturing process, wherein the described method comprises the following steps:
(1) internal layer conically shaped base and outer layer conically shaped is respectively prepared using two kinds of titanium alloy sector slabs of different sizes
Base covers the outer layer conically shaped base in the outside of the internal layer conically shaped base, forms double layered cone cylinder base and is put into mold；
(2) mold is heated to 600 DEG C~800 DEG C of forming temperature together with the double layered cone cylinder base, respectively
Being carried out with the seaming chuck of movable sealing and push-down head to the top and bottom of the double layered cone cylinder base can dynamic sealing；
(3) air inlet in the seaming chuck is opened, be passed through in Xiang Suoshu double layered cone cylinder base pressure be 5MPa~
The inert gas of 35MPa, the seaming chuck occur it is mobile and by the upper end material press-in die type chamber of the double layered cone cylinder base
It is interior, in the case where air pressure and axial force act on simultaneously, it is plastically deformed the double layered cone cylinder base, until the outer layer conically shaped
Base reclines to the inner wall of the mold, then keeps pressure and forming temperature constant, to subject the material to heat preservation heat treatment 5min
~30min；
(4) the heat preservation hot after treatment is being passed through pressure into the double layered cone cylinder base by the air inlet
For 5MPa~35MPa inert gas while, open the gas vent in the seaming chuck, realize the inert gas described
Flowing in double layered cone cylinder base, so that making the temperature of the double layered cone cylinder base reduces, when the outer layer conically shaped base is because of drop
Temperature is shunk when with the mould separating, and air inlet is stopped, and after the air pressure in the double layered cone cylinder base reduces, is removed on described
Pressure head simultaneously takes out the large-scale titanium alloy song bus bilayer cone cylinder component.
Technical solution of the present invention at least realizes following advantages or benefit, but further advantage and benefit are also contained in the present invention
In the range of lid:
1) present invention uses conically shaped base, by high pressure inflatable realize bent bus titanium alloy cone cylinder component it is primary integral into
Shape effectively prevents the shape distortion that multi-disc hot forming part generates in the welding process；
2) it unlike the gas expansion forming carried out from the prior art only for single layer cylinder base, is carried out when for biconial cylinder base
When gas expansion forming, needs synchronous forming and the two dimension precision requirement consistent there are ectonexine and the gap of the two must be kept
The technical difficulty such as uniform；Method of the invention is directed to double layered cone cylinder base, by a high pressure gas expansion forming at a certain temperature,
Internal layer and outer layer song bus cone cylinder part are shaped to come simultaneously, it is ensured that the dimensional accuracy between internal layer and outer layer is consistent, cooperation
Gap is small and uniform, does not need subsequent school shape process, high compactness may be implemented；
3) method of the invention carries out in terms of process conditions for traditional titanium alloy super plastic forming method
Adjustment is (for example, the forming temperature range in method of the invention is 600 DEG C~800 DEG C, lower than traditional titanium alloy superplasticity
Forming temperature range (850 DEG C~920 DEG C)；Forming pressure (5MPa~35MPa) of the invention is than traditional titanium alloy superplasticity
Forming pressure (being less than 5MPa) is higher), to reduce energy consumption, improve efficiency, while guaranteeing the superperformance after material forming；
4) it is heat-treated present invention employs heat preservation and carries out structure property regulation, by the way that forming process and heat preservation are heat-treated phase
In conjunction with avoiding after traditional forming that heating carries out being heat-treated caused shape distortion again, while supporting using air pressure inside
Avoid component heat treatment process in mold that shape distortion occurs；And component inside stress is eliminated using heat treatment temperature, it keeps away
It is sprung back after exempting from unloading, high-precision thin-wall member can be obtained；Method of the invention is by selecting specific forming temperature and tying
The heat preservation after shape is synthesized, it is synchronous to realize that stress relaxation and recrystallization annealing also refine while guaranteeing scantling precision
Crystal grain ensure that the performance of material, realize shape Collaborative Control；
5) compared to traditional gas expansion forming in such a way that welding end socket is sealed, upper and lower pressure head of the invention is used
Movable sealing structure realize can dynamic sealing, there is no need to additional welding sequences, in addition, seaming chuck can shape
It is intracavitary by the mobile upper end material press-in die type by conically shaped base while guaranteeing sealing in journey, realize material supplement,
Therefore it can reduce the wall thickness reduction at the double-deck larger position of cone cylinder component expansion rate, to be conducive to improve component uniform wall thickness
Property.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the view of illustrative titanium alloy song bus bilayer cone cylinder component；
Fig. 2 is illustrative for manufacturing the view of the internal layer sector slab of internal layer conically shaped base；
Fig. 3 is the view of illustrative internal layer conically shaped base；
Fig. 4 is illustrative for manufacturing the view of the outer layer sector slab of outer layer conically shaped base；
Fig. 5 is the view of illustrative outer layer conically shaped base；
Fig. 6 is the view of the double layered cone cylinder base formed of being illustratively nested together by the conically shaped base of internal layer and outer layer；
Fig. 7 is schematic diagram (the dashed centre line left side of the figure of comparison before and after illustrative double layered cone cylinder base gas expansion forming
For the schematic diagram before forming, dashed centre line right side is the schematic diagram after forming)；
Fig. 8 is the temperature and air pressure change curve when illustrative double layered cone cylinder base is formed；
Fig. 9 is to pass through seaming chuck when the double layered cone cylinder base illustratively with negative angle shapes and carry out material supplement
Schematic diagram (being the schematic diagram before forming on the left of the dashed centre line of the figure, be the schematic diagram after forming on the right side of dashed centre line).
Description of symbols
1 mold, 2 seaming chuck
3 air inlet, 4 seaming chuck sealing ring
5 insulating layer of asbestos, 6 workbench
7 gas vent, 8 load coil
9 push-down head sealing ring, 10 push-down head
11 internal layer conically shaped base, 12 outer layer conically shaped base
13 lower die, 14 upper mold
15 die joints
Specific embodiment
For a better understanding of the invention, the present invention is further elaborated below with reference to embodiment, but these are implemented
Mode should not be construed as any limitation on the present invention.
Herein, term " titanium alloy bilayer cone cylinder ", " titanium alloy song bus bilayer cone cylinder component " and " bent bus titanium conjunction
Golden cone cylinder component " is used interchangeably.
Herein, term " movable sealing " refers to that the structure of pressure head can be realized while meeting seal request
Movement in mold cavity, to show the dynamic sealing to conically shaped base.
In the present invention, unless otherwise indicated, described " large scale " refers to titanium alloy song bus bilayer cone cylinder of the invention
The big end outer diameter of outer layer cone cylinder in component is 1000mm or more and small end outer diameter is 500mm or more, and height be 500mm with
On.
In the present invention, unless otherwise indicated, described " high pressure " refers to that pressure limit is 5Mpa~35Mpa.
Unless otherwise specified, all numbers of expression amount or value used herein should be understood in all cases
It is modified by term " about ".
In one embodiment, height is synchronized the present invention relates to a kind of large-scale titanium alloy song bus bilayer cone cylinder component
Press gas expansion forming method, wherein the described method comprises the following steps:
(1) internal layer conically shaped base and outer layer conically shaped is respectively prepared using two kinds of titanium alloy sector slabs of different sizes
Base covers the outer layer conically shaped base in the outside of the internal layer conically shaped base, forms double layered cone cylinder base and is put into mold；
(2) mold is heated to 600 DEG C~800 DEG C of forming temperature together with the double layered cone cylinder base, respectively
Being carried out with the seaming chuck of movable sealing and push-down head to the top and bottom of the double layered cone cylinder base can dynamic sealing；
(3) air inlet in the seaming chuck is opened, be passed through in Xiang Suoshu double layered cone cylinder base pressure be 5MPa~
The inert gas of 35MPa, the seaming chuck occur it is mobile and by the upper end material press-in die type chamber of the double layered cone cylinder base
It is interior, in the case where air pressure and axial force act on simultaneously, it is plastically deformed the double layered cone cylinder base, until the outer layer conically shaped
Base reclines to the inner wall of the mold, then keeps pressure and forming temperature constant, to subject the material to heat preservation heat treatment 5min
~30min；
(4) the heat preservation hot after treatment is being passed through pressure into the double layered cone cylinder base by the air inlet
For 5MPa~35MPa inert gas while, open the gas vent in the seaming chuck, realize the inert gas described
Flowing in double layered cone cylinder base, so that making the temperature of the double layered cone cylinder base reduces, when the outer layer conically shaped base is because of drop
Temperature is shunk when with the mould separating, and air inlet is stopped, and after the air pressure in the double layered cone cylinder base reduces, is removed on described
Pressure head simultaneously takes out the large-scale titanium alloy song bus bilayer cone cylinder component.
In one preferred embodiment, the titanium alloy is TA15 titanium alloy.
In one preferred embodiment, in the step (1), by crimping described two sizes and welding not
The internal layer conically shaped base and the outer layer conically shaped base is respectively prepared in same titanium alloy sector slab.In further preferred reality
It applies in mode, in the step (1), the curling is carried out by veneer reeling machine, and the welding is carried out by laser welding.
In one preferred embodiment, in the step (1), the double layered cone cylinder base is with negative angle
The big ruler of (for example, less than 0 °, such as -10 ° to less than 0 °, as long as can be realized the component that is consequently formed to cylinder inner inclination)
Very little titanium alloy song bus double layered cone cylinder base is (that is, the big end maximum gauge for the double-deck cone cylinder component being consequently formed is in the component
Middle part).In further preferred embodiment, in the step (1), the mold includes upper die and lower die, and
Die joint between the upper die and lower die is located at the maximum gauge of the mold.By the way that the mold is divided into upper mold under
Mould is conducive to the taking-up of the large-scale titanium alloy song bus bilayer cone cylinder component with negative angle.In illustrative embodiment
In, in the step (1), first the double layered cone cylinder base is put into mold, is then closed the upper die and lower die.
In the step (1), by the way that the double layered cone cylinder base to be put into mold, it can be formed after molding to described
The external constraint of double layered cone cylinder base.It, only as an example, will be to mold and the double layered cone cylinder base in the step (2)
Temperature Distribution variation during being heated is shown in FIG. 8.Since scantling is larger, in order to reduce heating power consumption and
Big thermal expansion deformation is avoided, heating temperature is optimized.
In one preferred embodiment, in the step (2), before starting the heating, in the bilayer
The initial pressure for applying 0.5MPa~1MPa in conically shaped base, so that internal layer conically shaped base be made closely to connect with outer layer conically shaped base
Touching can better assure that the internal layer conically shaped base during heating and the outer layer conically shaped substantially simultaneously reach into
Shape temperature.
In one preferred embodiment, in the step (2), by the mold and the double layered cone cylinder base one
Forming temperature is heated to induction, it is preferred to use load coil carries out the heating.In further preferred embodiment
In, thermal insulation layer, preferably insulating layer of asbestos are arranged between the outer wall and the load coil of the mold, to can avoid
Avoid the heat transfer of mold to ambient enviroment.
In one preferred embodiment, in the step (2), the seaming chuck and the push-down head pass through respectively
Seaming chuck sealing ring and push-down head sealing ring are sealed the top and bottom of the double layered cone cylinder base.In the step
(2) in, the seaming chuck uses movable sealing structure, makes the upper end material of the double layered cone cylinder base can be according to actual needs
And it is pressed into mold cavity under the responsive to axial force that seaming chuck generates to realize that material supplements.
In one preferred embodiment, in the step (3), the pressure of the inert gas be 5MPa~
25Mpa, preferably 7MPa~22Mpa, further preferred 9MPa~20Mpa.
For above-mentioned steps (3), as illustrated in Figure 8, during bulging processing, control pressure change curve makes interior
Layer conically shaped base is plastically deformed under gas pressure, after internal layer conically shaped base, which is expanded to, to be contacted with outer layer conically shaped base,
Outer layer conically shaped base is driven to deform together, so that outer layer conically shaped base outer wall is reclined, (such as Fig. 7 dashed centre line is right to mould inner wall
Shown by side).
In the step (3) and step (4), the inert gas includes any indifferent gas that the object of the invention can be achieved
Body, such as helium, neon, argon gas, Krypton, xenon or radon gas；Preferably, described lazy for the considerations of further reducing the cost
Property gas be argon gas.In addition, it is necessary to explanation, the inert gas in once-through operation, in the step (3) and step (4)
It may be the same or different.
In one preferred embodiment, in the step (3), the material is made to be subjected to the heat preservation heat treatment
8min~30min, preferably 10min~30min.
In the step (3), within holding pressure and the forming temperature constant this period to carry out heat preservation heat treatment
It completes following two processes: 1. eliminating the internal stress of internal layer and outer layer conically shaped base, sprung back after avoiding air pressure from unloading,
Always there is gas pressure in insulating process, double layered cone cylinder base (internal layer and outer layer conically shaped base) is always in fitting shape
State, forming accuracy are high；2. the dynamic recrystallization treatment for completing internal layer and outer layer conically shaped base (can by recrystallizing material
Corresponding specification of heat treatment is determined according to material by those skilled in the art), guarantee materials microstructure distribution and mechanics after forming
Performance, to achieve the purpose that refine crystal grain, meet comprehensive mechanical property requirement.That is, being heat-treated by above-mentioned heat preservation
Realize the purpose that destressing and recrystallization are carried out to cylinder base synchronous material.
In a preferred embodiment, in the step (4), since the gas of flowing takes away a base heat, make described
The temperature of double layered cone cylinder base is reduced to such as 400 DEG C~500 DEG C (that is, pickup temperature), at this point, the outer layer conically shaped base because
Cooling is shunk and is detached from mould inner wall.
In one preferred embodiment, in the step (4), air pressure drop in the double layered cone cylinder base down to
When 0.5MPa or less, the seaming chuck is removed.In further preferred embodiment, by keeping the seaming chuck itself upward
It exits and removes the seaming chuck.
In one preferred embodiment, in the step (4), by make the push-down head feed up 20mm~
40mm, by treated, double layered cone cylinder base is ejected out of mold, to take out the large-scale titanium alloy song bus bilayer cone
Barrel member.
For purposes of illustration, double-deck to large-scale titanium alloy song bus of the invention in conjunction with Fig. 2~Fig. 9 of the invention
The illustrative embodiment of the synchronization high pressure gas expansion forming method of cone cylinder component is described below:
1) internal layer conically shaped base 11 shown in Fig. 3 is made using titanium alloy internal layer sector slab shown in Fig. 2, and using figure
The base of outer layer conically shaped shown in Fig. 5 12 is made in titanium alloy outer layer sector slab shown in 4；
As shown in fig. 6, forming double layered cone cylinder base, such as in 11 outside of internal layer conically shaped base for 12 sets of outer layer conically shaped base
Shown in Fig. 7, double layered cone cylinder base is put into mold 1, the external constraint to double layered cone cylinder base is consequently formed；
2) using load coil 8 by mold 1 and double layered cone cylinder base be heated to together forming temperature T (600 DEG C~
800 DEG C, can suitably be chosen in the range by those skilled in the art according to material), Temperature Distribution is as shown in Figure 8；In order to keep away
Exempt from the heat transfer of mold 1 into ambient enviroment, arranges insulating layer of asbestos between 1 outer wall of mold and load coil 8
5；
The seaming chuck 2 and push-down head 10 of movable sealing are mobile to the top and bottom of double layered cone cylinder base respectively, push
First 10 realize the lower end sealing to double layered cone cylinder base by push-down head sealing ring 9, and seaming chuck 2 is real by seaming chuck sealing ring 4
Now to the upper end sealing of double layered cone cylinder base (shown on the right side of Fig. 7 dashed centre line)；
3) high pressure argon gas of 5MPa~35MPa is passed through to the inside of double layered cone cylinder base by the air inlet 3 in seaming chuck 2
(other inert gases can also realize the purpose of the present invention), as shown in figure 8, control pressure change curve, makes internal layer conically shaped base
11 are plastically deformed under gas pressure, after internal layer conically shaped base 11, which is expanded to, to be contacted with outer layer conically shaped base 12, drive
Outer layer conically shaped base 12 deforms together, meanwhile, seaming chuck 2 occur it is mobile and by the upper end material press-in die of double layered cone cylinder base
Type is intracavitary, avoids the wall thickness of a base that excessive thinning occurs, in air pressure and while axial force under effect, internal layer conically shaped base 11 with
Outer layer conically shaped base 12 completes plastic deformation, and final 12 outer wall of outer layer conically shaped base is reclined completely to 1 inner wall of mold, in Fig. 7
Shown in heart right side of dotted line；
By keeping the internal gas pressure of double layered cone cylinder base constant, internal layer conically shaped base 11 and outer layer conically shaped are maintained
Base 12 fitting, outer layer conically shaped base 12 completely are bonded completely with mold 1, and heat preservation heat treatment is predetermined under the action of the gas pressure
Time (for example, 5-30 minutes, can suitably be chosen in the range by those skilled in the art according to the material of actual treatment),
Two processes are completed in this period: 1. being eliminated the internal stress of internal layer conically shaped base 11 and outer layer conically shaped base 12, avoided gas
It is sprung back after pressure unloading；2. completing the dynamic recrystallization treatment of internal layer conically shaped base 11 and outer layer conically shaped base 12, reach refinement
Crystal grain, the purpose for meeting comprehensive mechanical property requirement；
4) heat preservation hot after treatment, by air inlet 3 to the height for being passed through 5MPa~35MPa inside double layered cone cylinder base
While pressing argon gas (other inert gases can also realize the purpose of the present invention), internal layer is bored by the gas vent 7 in seaming chuck 2
Gas discharge inside shape cylinder base 11, realizes flowing of the argon gas in double layered cone cylinder base, takes away a base heat by the gas, make
Double layered cone cylinder base is cooled to 400 DEG C~500 DEG C of pickup temperature, and since cooling is shunk, outer layer conically shaped base 12 is interior with mold 1
Wall is detached from, and is stopped air inlet at this time, is down to 0.5MPa to the air pressure in the double layered cone cylinder base hereinafter, seaming chuck 2 exits from
And remove the seaming chuck 2, push-down head 10 feeds up 20mm~40mm, will treated double layered cone cylinder base out of mold 1
Ejection, to obtain large-scale titanium alloy song bus bilayer cone cylinder component.
As exemplary illustration, technical solution of the present invention can be illustrated by the content illustrated in following paragraph:
1. a kind of synchronization high pressure gas expansion forming method of large-scale titanium alloy song bus bilayer cone cylinder component, wherein described
Method the following steps are included:
(1) internal layer conically shaped base and outer layer conically shaped is respectively prepared using two kinds of titanium alloy sector slabs of different sizes
Base covers the outer layer conically shaped base in the outside of the internal layer conically shaped base, forms double layered cone cylinder base and is put into mold；
(2) mold is heated to 600 DEG C~800 DEG C of forming temperature together with the double layered cone cylinder base, respectively
Being carried out with the seaming chuck of movable sealing and push-down head to the top and bottom of the double layered cone cylinder base can dynamic sealing；
(3) air inlet in the seaming chuck is opened, be passed through in Xiang Suoshu double layered cone cylinder base pressure be 5MPa~
The inert gas of 35MPa, the seaming chuck occur it is mobile and by the upper end material press-in die type chamber of the double layered cone cylinder base
It is interior, in the case where air pressure and axial force act on simultaneously, it is plastically deformed the double layered cone cylinder base, until the outer layer conically shaped
Base reclines to the inner wall of the mold, then keeps pressure and forming temperature constant, to subject the material to heat preservation heat treatment 5min
~30min；
(4) the heat preservation hot after treatment is being passed through pressure into the double layered cone cylinder base by the air inlet
For 5MPa~35MPa inert gas while, open the gas vent in the seaming chuck, realize the inert gas described
Flowing in double layered cone cylinder base, so that making the temperature of the double layered cone cylinder base reduces, when the outer layer conically shaped base is because of drop
Temperature is shunk when with the mould separating, and air inlet is stopped, and after the air pressure in the double layered cone cylinder base reduces, is removed on described
Pressure head simultaneously takes out the large-scale titanium alloy song bus bilayer cone cylinder component.
2. according to method described in paragraph 1, wherein the titanium alloy is TA15 titanium alloy.
3. the method according to paragraph 1 or 2, wherein in the step (1), by crimping described two and welding
The internal layer conically shaped base and the outer layer conically shaped base is respectively prepared in kind titanium alloy sector slab of different sizes.
4. according to method described in paragraph 3, wherein carry out the curling by veneer reeling machine, and carried out by laser welding
The welding.
5. according to method described in either segment in paragraph 1-4, wherein in the step (1), the double layered cone cylinder base
For the large-scale titanium alloy song bus double layered cone cylinder base with negative angle.
6. according to method described in paragraph 5, wherein in the step (1), the mold includes upper die and lower die, and
And the die joint between the upper die and lower die is located at the maximum gauge of the mold.
7. according to method described in either segment in paragraph 1-6, wherein in the step (2), starting the heating
Before, apply the initial pressure of 0.5MPa~1MPa in the double layered cone cylinder base.
8. according to method described in either segment in paragraph 1-7, wherein in the step (2), by the mold with it is described
Double layered cone cylinder base together induction heating to the forming temperature.
9. according to method described in paragraph 8, wherein carry out the heating using load coil.
10. according to method described in paragraph 9, wherein the cloth between the outer wall and the load coil of the mold
Set thermal insulation layer.
11. according to method described in paragraph 10, wherein the cloth between the outer wall and the load coil of the mold
Set insulating layer of asbestos.
12. according to method described in either segment in paragraph 1-11, wherein in the step (2), the seaming chuck and institute
State the top and bottom progress that push-down head passes through seaming chuck sealing ring and push-down head sealing ring to the double layered cone cylinder base respectively
Sealing.
13. according to method described in either segment in paragraph 1-12, wherein in the step (3), the inert gas
Pressure is 5MPa~25Mpa.
14. according to method described in paragraph 13, wherein the pressure of the inert gas is 7MPa~22Mpa.
15. according to method described in paragraph 14, wherein the pressure of the inert gas is 9MPa~20Mpa.
16. according to method described in either segment in paragraph 1-15, wherein in the step (3), the inert gas is
Argon gas.
17. according to method described in either segment in paragraph 1-16, wherein in the step (3), be subjected to the material
The heat preservation is heat-treated 8min~30min.
18. according to method described in paragraph 17, wherein make the material be subjected to heat preservation heat treatment 10min~
30min。
19. according to method described in either segment in paragraph 1-18, wherein in the step (4), the inert gas is
Argon gas.
20. according to method described in either segment in paragraph 1-19, wherein in the step (4), make the double layered cone
The temperature of cylinder base is reduced to 400 DEG C~500 DEG C.
21. according to method described in either segment in paragraph 1-20, wherein in the step (4), the double layered cone cylinder
When air pressure drop in base is down to 0.5MPa or less, the seaming chuck is removed.
22. according to method described in paragraph 21, wherein by removing the seaming chuck on described and itself exiting from
Pressure head.
23. according to method described in either segment in paragraph 1-22, wherein in the step (4), by making the pushing
Head feeds up 20mm~40mm, and by treated, double layered cone cylinder base is ejected out of described mold, to take out the big ruler
Very little titanium alloy song bus bilayer cone cylinder component.
Internal layer and outer layer conically shaped base is made using two kinds of fan-shaped slabs of different sizes in method of the invention, and fitting is latter
It rises and is put into mold, the both ends of double layered cone cylinder base are sealed after being heated to certain temperature, then apply high pressure gas, utilize gas pressure
Power makes internal layer and outer layer conically shaped base bulging together, until outer layer conically shaped base fits to shape needed for mold inner-cavity type face obtains
Shape, due to synchronous forming of internal layer and outer layer conically shaped base, the shape of internal layer and outer layer conically shaped base will be completely the same, thus
It can guarantee and be bonded completely between ectonexine conically shaped base, it is small and uniform require to meet gap；And pass through control mold heating temperature
Degree and forming pressure, are capable of the dimensional accuracy of control member.In forming process, at selection forming temperature and heat preservation hot
The time is managed, the regulation of component structure property can be completed, and realizes that forming is integrated with control property.
Embodiment
The present invention will be described below by way of specific embodiments, but the present invention is not limited thereto.
Experimental method used in following embodiments is conventional method unless otherwise specified；Institute in following embodiments
Reagent, material and facility etc., are commercially available unless otherwise specified.
Embodiment 1
Large-scale titanium alloy song bus bilayer cone cylinder component A, inside and outside layer material are TA15 titanium alloy, outer layer cone
The wall thickness of cylinder is 1mm, and internal layer wall thickness is 4mm, and the big end outer diameter of outer layer cone cylinder is 1500mm, small end outer diameter is 700mm and height
For 900mm.The step of synchronization high pressure gas expansion forming method of the large-scale titanium alloy song bus bilayer cone cylinder component, is as follows:
(1) base and die-filling: using veneer reeling machine by titanium alloy internal layer sector slab of corresponding size and outer layer sector slab
After the completion of crimping respectively, internal layer conically shaped base 11 and outer layer conically shaped base 12 are respectively welded into using laser welding；Outer layer is bored
12 sets of the shape cylinder base outsides in internal layer conically shaped base 11 form double layered cone cylinder base, which is packed into mold 1
In；
(2) it heats: mold 1 is heated to together with double layered cone cylinder base by forming temperature 800 using load coil 8
DEG C, wherein insulating layer of asbestos 5 is arranged between 1 outer wall of mold and load coil 8；
Sealing: the seaming chuck 2 and push-down head 10 of movable sealing are mobile to the top and bottom of double layered cone cylinder base respectively,
Push-down head 10 realizes by push-down head sealing ring 9 and seals to the lower end of double layered cone cylinder base that seaming chuck 2 passes through seaming chuck sealing ring
4 realize the upper end sealing to double layered cone cylinder base；
(3) air inlet shapes: the argon gas of 9MPa is passed through into double layered cone cylinder base by the air inlet 3 in seaming chuck 2, to double
Layer conically shaped base generates pressure, at the same seaming chuck 2 occur it is mobile and by the upper end material press-in die type chamber of the double-deck tapered barrel base
It is interior, in the case where air pressure and axial force act on simultaneously, make the double layered cone being made of internal layer conically shaped base 11 and outer layer conically shaped base 12
Quickly plastic deformation occurs for cylinder base, until outer layer conically shaped base 12 finally reclines to the inner wall of mold 1；
It synchronizes the heat preservation heat treatment for carrying out recrystallization and destressing: quickly reclining in double layered cone cylinder base to mold 1
After wall, keep pressure and forming temperature constant, internal layer conically shaped base 11 and outer layer conically shaped base are eliminated in heat preservation heat treatment 10 minutes
Stress inside 12 reduces the rebound after unloading, and the gas pressure in insulating process in holding cylinder base is constant, due to internal layer taper
Cylinder base 11 and outer layer conically shaped base 12 are in fit-state always, and last forming accuracy is high；Meanwhile material occurs during this period
Recrystallization refines crystal grain, to ensure that materials microstructure distribution and mechanical property after forming；
(4) cooling die sinking pickup: heat preservation hot after treatment closes load coil 8, opens gas vent 7, lays down interior
11 internal gas pressure of layer conically shaped base, while by air inlet 3 to the high pressure argon gas for being passed through 5MPa inside double layered cone cylinder base,
It realizes flowing of the argon gas in conically shaped base, a base heat is taken away by the gas, double layered cone cylinder base is made to be cooled to pickup temperature
400 DEG C, since cooling is shunk, outer layer conically shaped base 12 and 1 inner wall of mold are detached from, and are stopped air inlet at this time, are down to air pressure
For 0.5MPa hereinafter, seaming chuck 2 exits from and removes the seaming chuck 2, push-down head 10 feeds up 20mm, in treated
Layer conically shaped base 11 is ejected out of mold 1 with outer layer conically shaped base 12, that is, obtains large-scale titanium alloy song bus bilayer cone cylinder
Component.
Embodiment 2
Large-scale titanium alloy song bus bilayer cone cylinder component B with minus 10 degree of angles, the inside and outside layer material of the component are equal
For TA15 titanium alloy, outer layer cone cylinder wall thickness is 1mm, and internal layer wall thickness is 4mm, outer layer cone cylinder big end maximum outside diameter be 1500mm,
Small end outer diameter is 700mm and height is 950mm.Mould structure is as shown in Figure 9.The large-scale titanium alloy with negative angle is bent female
The step of synchronization high pressure gas expansion forming method of line bilayer cone cylinder component, is as follows:
(1) base and die-filling: in addition to using titanium alloy internal layer sector slab of corresponding size and outer layer sector slab, according to
The double layered cone cylinder base with negative angle is made described in the step of embodiment 1 (1)；
The double layered cone cylinder base is fitted into mold 1, upper mold 14 and lower die 13 are closed；
(2) heat and seal: other than forming temperature being adjusted to 600 DEG C, using with the step (2) in embodiment 1
Identical operation carries out；
(3) air inlet shapes: injecting the argon gas of 20MPa into double layered cone cylinder base except through the air inlet 3 in seaming chuck 2
And except heat preservation heat treatment 30 minutes, carried out using with the identical operation of step (3) in embodiment 1；
(4) cool down and be opened pickup: being carried out using with the identical operation of step (4) in embodiment 1.
Through measuring, the large-scale titanium alloy song bus bilayer cone cylinder component of the preparation of the embodiment of the present invention 1- embodiment 2
Gap between ectonexine is respectively less than 0.1mm, meanwhile, according to the record of " GB/T3621-2007 titanium or titanium alloy plate ", use
Electronic universal tester carries out extension test to material after forming, and the room temperature tensile intensity of above-mentioned two component is respectively increased
5.2% and 3.1%；Wall thickness measurement is carried out to forming rear part using micrometer, the maximum reduction of above-mentioned two component is low
In 6%.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of synchronization high pressure gas expansion forming method of large-scale titanium alloy song bus bilayer cone cylinder component, wherein the method
The following steps are included:
(1) internal layer conically shaped base and outer layer conically shaped base is respectively prepared using two kinds of titanium alloy sector slabs of different sizes, it will
The outer layer conically shaped base is covered in the outside of the internal layer conically shaped base, is formed double layered cone cylinder base and is put into mold；
(2) mold is heated to 600 DEG C~800 DEG C of forming temperature together with the double layered cone cylinder base, using respectively can
The seaming chuck and push-down head of dynamic formula sealing carry out the top and bottom of the double layered cone cylinder base can dynamic sealing；
(3) air inlet in the seaming chuck is opened, it is 5MPa~35MPa's that pressure is passed through in Xiang Suoshu double layered cone cylinder base
Inert gas, the seaming chuck generation is mobile and the upper end material press-in die type of the double layered cone cylinder base is intracavitary, in gas
Under pressure acts on simultaneously with axial force, it is plastically deformed the double layered cone cylinder base, until the outer layer conically shaped base reclines
To the mold inner wall, then keep pressure and forming temperature it is constant, with subject the material to heat preservation heat treatment 5min~
30min；
(4) the heat preservation hot after treatment is being passed through pressure into the double layered cone cylinder base by the air inlet
While the inert gas of 5MPa~35MPa, the gas vent in the seaming chuck is opened, realizes the inert gas described double
Flowing in layer conically shaped base, so that making the temperature of the double layered cone cylinder base reduces, when the outer layer conically shaped base is because of cooling
It shrinks when with the mould separating, stops air inlet, after the air pressure in the double layered cone cylinder base reduces, remove the upper pressure
Head simultaneously takes out the large-scale titanium alloy song bus bilayer cone cylinder component.
2. according to the method described in claim 1, wherein, the titanium alloy is TA15 titanium alloy.
3. method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein in the step (1), by crimping described two and welding
The internal layer conically shaped base and the outer layer conically shaped base is respectively prepared in kind titanium alloy sector slab of different sizes；
Preferably, the curling is carried out by veneer reeling machine, and the welding is carried out by laser welding.
4. method according to any one of claim 1-3, wherein in the step (1), the double layered cone cylinder base
For the large-scale titanium alloy song bus double layered cone cylinder base with negative angle；
Preferably, the mold includes upper die and lower die, and the die joint between the upper die and lower die is located at the mold
Maximum gauge at.
5. method according to any of claims 1-4, wherein in the step (2), starting the heating
Before, apply the initial pressure of 0.5MPa~1MPa in the double layered cone cylinder base；
Preferably, by the mold together with the double layered cone cylinder base induction heating to the forming temperature, it is preferred to use sense
Heating coil is answered to carry out the heating；
It is further preferred that between the outer wall and the load coil of the mold arrange thermal insulation layer, preferably asbestos every
Thermosphere.
6. method according to any one of claims 1-5, wherein in the step (2), the seaming chuck and described
It is close to the top and bottom progress of the double layered cone cylinder base that push-down head passes through seaming chuck sealing ring and push-down head sealing ring respectively
Envelope.
7. method according to claim 1 to 6, wherein in the step (3), the pressure of the inert gas
Power is 5MPa~25Mpa, preferably 7MPa~22Mpa, further preferred 9MPa~20Mpa；
Preferably, the inert gas is argon gas；
Preferably, the material is made to be subjected to heat preservation heat treatment 8min~30min, the preferably 10min~30min.
8. method according to any one of claims 1-7, wherein in the step (4), the inert gas is argon
Gas；
Preferably, the temperature of the double layered cone cylinder base is made to be reduced to 400 DEG C~500 DEG C.
9. method according to claim 1 to 8, wherein in the step (4), the double layered cone cylinder base
When interior air pressure drop is down to 0.5MPa or less, the seaming chuck is removed；Preferably, by exiting from the seaming chuck itself
And remove the seaming chuck.
10. method according to claim 1 to 9, wherein in the step (4), by making the pushing
Head feeds up 20mm~40mm, and by treated, double layered cone cylinder base is ejected out of described mold, to take out the big ruler
Very little titanium alloy song bus bilayer cone cylinder component.
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