CN110118801B - Method for measuring calorific value of stale refuse-primary refuse co-incineration mixed material - Google Patents
Method for measuring calorific value of stale refuse-primary refuse co-incineration mixed material Download PDFInfo
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- CN110118801B CN110118801B CN201910417650.9A CN201910417650A CN110118801B CN 110118801 B CN110118801 B CN 110118801B CN 201910417650 A CN201910417650 A CN 201910417650A CN 110118801 B CN110118801 B CN 110118801B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03C—MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03C1/00—Magnetic separation
- B03C1/02—Magnetic separation acting directly on the substance being separated
- B03C1/10—Magnetic separation acting directly on the substance being separated with cylindrical material carriers
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
- B07B—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS BY SIEVING, SCREENING, SIFTING OR BY USING GAS CURRENTS; SEPARATING BY OTHER DRY METHODS APPLICABLE TO BULK MATERIAL, e.g. LOOSE ARTICLES FIT TO BE HANDLED LIKE BULK MATERIAL
- B07B9/00—Combinations of apparatus for screening or sifting or for separating solids from solids using gas currents; General arrangement of plant, e.g. flow sheets
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N25/00—Investigating or analyzing materials by the use of thermal means
- G01N25/20—Investigating or analyzing materials by the use of thermal means by investigating the development of heat, i.e. calorimetry, e.g. by measuring specific heat, by measuring thermal conductivity
- G01N25/22—Investigating or analyzing materials by the use of thermal means by investigating the development of heat, i.e. calorimetry, e.g. by measuring specific heat, by measuring thermal conductivity on combustion or catalytic oxidation, e.g. of components of gas mixtures
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N5/00—Analysing materials by weighing, e.g. weighing small particles separated from a gas or liquid
- G01N5/04—Analysing materials by weighing, e.g. weighing small particles separated from a gas or liquid by removing a component, e.g. by evaporation, and weighing the remainder
- G01N5/045—Analysing materials by weighing, e.g. weighing small particles separated from a gas or liquid by removing a component, e.g. by evaporation, and weighing the remainder for determining moisture content
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E20/00—Combustion technologies with mitigation potential
- Y02E20/12—Heat utilisation in combustion or incineration of waste
Abstract
The invention relates to the field of waste incineration treatment, in particular to a method for measuring a calorific value of a stale waste-primary waste synergistic incineration mixed material. The determination method comprises the steps of estimating the high calorific value of the raw garbage, determining the water content of the raw garbage and the aged garbage to estimate the low calorific value of the raw garbage and the aged garbage, and obtaining the low calorific value of the mixed material through the blending combustion proportion. The method can quickly obtain the more accurate heat value of the mixed material entering the furnace, determine the combustion property of the mixed material, fully consider the classification of different components in the garbage, ensure that sufficient multi-point sampling samples are provided, correct parameters of links which are easy to generate errors in the implementation steps, and has high data accuracy; the estimation method has the advantages of low investment cost, no need of sample sending and external measurement, and only about 1.5 hours of test time, is suitable for operators to accurately adjust and track the operation condition of the waste incineration system according to the calorific value of the materials entering the furnace, and is worthy of popularization.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of waste incineration treatment, in particular to a method for measuring a calorific value of a stale waste-primary waste synergistic incineration mixed material.
Background
At present, the residual storage capacity of a plurality of large urban refuse landfill sites in China is urgent. However, newly-built refuse landfill faces the dilemma of difficult site selection, and in order to solve the dilemma of "refuse surrounding cities" which is about to be brought by high-speed development of cities, many cities aim to excavate the stale refuse of the existing refuse landfill which is closed, sort the stale refuse and perform resource treatment so as to move the storage capacity of the refuse landfill. Theoretically, the stale refuse in the landfill can also be sent to a refuse burning power plant as a burning raw material. However, the properties of the stale refuse are different from those of the original refuse, and if the stale refuse is not sorted and sent to a refuse incineration power plant for incineration, the following disadvantages are caused: on one hand, after years of physical and chemical actions of the aged garbage in the landfill, easily degradable substances in the garbage are almost completely degraded and deeply mineralized, the partial substances are converted into stabilized and harmless humus soil, the heat value of the humus soil is low, the ash content of the humus soil is high, the humus soil is non-combustible, but the humus soil contains a microbial community with extremely strong metabolic capability, and can be used as a biodegradation medium and a pollution remediation filler with excellent performance. Therefore, the humus residue soil is sent to a waste incineration power plant for incineration, the heat value is low, a large amount of ash is generated, and other resource utilization ways are wasted; on the other hand, most of the waste is not classified and buried in the past, and the aged waste is mostly mixed with aggregates such as bricks, tiles and stones and metals. Such materials are among the incombustibles, and burn to produce ash. The proportion of the combustible substances (the main components are rubber and plastic, wood and bamboo and fabric paper) which are actually left in the aged garbage is about 15 to 35 percent.
Therefore, the stale refuse needs to be effectively sorted before being incinerated, but if the combustible materials after sorting the stale refuse are independently incinerated, the control degree of the incinerator is poor due to unstable heat value, and the design load of the incinerator is easily exceeded. It is necessary to mix the sorted stale and raw garbage in a certain ratio and to estimate the calorific value of the mixed material relatively accurately so as to control the operation of the garbage incinerator effectively. The method for measuring the heat value of the garbage in the prior art comprises the following steps: (1) an industrial analysis prediction experience model; (2) analyzing and predicting an empirical model by physical components; (3) an elemental analysis prediction model; (4) a method for measuring by an oxygen bomb calorimeter in a domestic waste sampling and physical analysis method (CJ/T313-2009). The method mainly refers to a coal heat value determination method, and because the properties of garbage and coal are greatly different, the determination conditions need to be optimized to obtain a more accurate heat value detection result, but certain difficulty exists in the method. The industrial analysis prediction empirical model method and the element analysis prediction model method need to be based on the fact that an external detection unit is entrusted to measure C, H, O, N, S, Cl and other elements, the measuring period is long, and the method is not the method that operating enterprises of waste incineration power plants can independently and quickly estimate. The empirical model method for analyzing and predicting the physical components is also based on the fact that an external detection unit is entrusted to measure 11 basic physical compositions, the measuring period is long, and the method is not capable of being independently and quickly estimated by operating enterprises of waste incineration power plants. The method for measuring the heat value of the garbage is inconvenient for operating enterprises of the garbage incineration power plant to quickly measure the heat value of the co-incinerated mixed fuel entering the furnace in real time, and when the accurate heat value of the mixed fuel entering the furnace is obtained, the detected heat value of the fuel entering the furnace and the operation condition of the real-time garbage incinerator have hysteresis, so that the operating enterprises of the garbage incineration power plant are inconvenient for adjusting and controlling the operation condition of the garbage incinerator for co-incinerating the stale garbage according to the heat value of the mixed fuel entering the furnace.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is as follows: aiming at the existing problems, the method for measuring the calorific value of the stale refuse-primary refuse collaborative incineration mixed material can be used for quickly measuring the calorific value of a refuse mixture, has high data accuracy, and provides data support for adaptively regulating and controlling the control parameters of a refuse incineration system according to the calorific value of the mixed material entering a furnace.
The calorific value is also called a calorie value or a calorific value. In fuel chemistry, an important indicator of fuel quality is expressed. The heat given off per unit mass (or volume) of fuel when completely combusted. The fuel calorific value has two types, namely a high calorific value and a low calorific value. The high calorific value is the total heat released when the fuel is completely combusted, that is, the calorific value when water vapor in the combustion product is condensed into water, and is also called gross heat. The lower calorific value refers to the calorific value of the fuel when the fuel is completely combusted and water vapor in the combustion product exists in a gaseous state, and is also called net heat. The difference between the high calorific value and the low calorific value is whether the water in the fuel combustion product is in a liquid state or a gaseous state, the liquid state of the water is the high calorific value, and the gaseous state of the water is the low calorific value. The lower heating value is equal to the heat of condensation of water vapor subtracted from the upper heating value. In the industry, the design parameters of the main equipment of the waste incineration plant, namely the waste incineration grate, are selected by taking the wet-based low calorific value of the waste as reference.
The scheme of the invention is as follows:
a method for measuring the calorific value of a stale refuse-primary refuse collaborative incineration mixed material comprises the following steps:
1) the content of non-plastic components and the content of plastic components in the primary garbage are measured through garbage sorting, the content of organic matters in the non-plastic components and the plastic components is further measured through sorting, and the high calorific value of the garbage is measured according to the following empirical formula based on the obtained data:
HHV (virgin refuse) ([ E × R × a% + fx (1-R) × B% ] × 1000, unit KJ/kg,
wherein: HHV (original garbage) -original garbage high-level heat value, R-proportion of non-plastic components in garbage, A-percentage of organic matters in the non-plastic components in the garbage, B-percentage of organic matters in the plastic components in the garbage, E-coefficient of heat value of the non-plastic components and F-constant of heat value of the plastic components;
the sorting operation may be manual sorting. The garbage is divided into plastic components and non-plastic components, the heat value in the garbage is usually derived from organic matter combustion, so that the content of the organic matter is further subdivided, and the high-order heat value of the garbage is estimated according to the proportion relation between the heat value coefficient of the plastic components and the heat value coefficient of the non-plastic components and the related components. The plastic component heat value coefficient and the non-plastic component heat value coefficient are different according to different regions and city grades, and as an embodiment of the scheme, the plastic component heat value constant is 32.5, and the non-plastic component heat value constant is 23.1.
2) Estimating the water content of the raw garbage, and measuring the low heat value of the garbage according to the following empirical formula by combining the high heat value data in the step 1:
LHV (native waste) ═ HHV (native waste) × (100-H × W1%)/(100-I-W1%), units KJ/kg; wherein: HHV (original garbage) -original garbage high-order heat value, LHV (original garbage) -original garbage low-order heat value, W1% -garbage water content, H-water content heat value loss coefficient and I-water content heat value correction coefficient;
the water content of the garbage is measured by adopting a manual physical squeezing method, and empirical data shows that the residual water content of the garbage is about 30% after the garbage is treated by the method, so that the garbage is corrected in a formula. And calculating to obtain the low calorific value of the garbage according to the calorific value loss coefficient of the water content and the calorific value correction coefficient of the water content by using the obtained high calorific value data and the water content. The loss coefficient and the correction coefficient of the garbage in different areas are different, and as one embodiment of the scheme, the heat value loss coefficient of the water content is 24.1, and the heat value correction coefficient of the water content is 0.19.
3) The stale refuse combustible is obtained by sorting, the stale refuse sorting method comprises the steps of firstly screening stale refuse, gravitationally sorting oversize materials, and finally removing magnetic substances from sorted light materials by magnetic separation to obtain the stale refuse combustible. Screening the aged garbage by adopting a drum screen; the screen holes of the outer layer screen plate of the drum screen are 10mm, the screen holes of the inner layer screen plate are 20mm, and the installation inclination angle of the drum screen is 10 degrees; set up two terraced utmost point sieve, be favorable to improving screening efficiency, install the drum sieve for having certain inclination, can utilize the potential energy of rubbish self to turn into kinetic energy to realize the transmission of rubbish. And removing small particles in the slag soil, the aggregate and the metal after screening.
Blowing oversize materials into a settling chamber by a fan to perform gravity separation; the air quantity of the fan is adjustable, and the adjusting range is 8000-3And/h, the wind pressure of the fan is 1000-4500 Pa. The oversize is divided into heavy and light.
And (4) conveying the light objects into a magnetic separation drum by adopting a conveying belt to carry out magnetic separation on the separated light objects. The transmission speed of the conveyor belt is 2m/s, the magnetic induction intensity of the magnetic separation drum is more than or equal to 50mT, and the magnetic field intensity of the edge of the gap is 15000 Oe. And after magnetic separation, further removing small metal particles in the aged and rotten garbage light objects, and reducing incineration ash. After the aged refuse is sorted, flammable substances such as rubber and plastic substances, wood and bamboo substances, fabric and paper substances and the like are mainly obtained.
It should be noted that, since the stale refuse is sorted during incineration, the actual step is completed before the estimation, and the estimated actual time is not occupied.
Estimating the water content of the stale refuse combustible to be fed into the furnace, and measuring the low-grade calorific value of the stale refuse combustible according to the following empirical formula:
LHV (old garbage) ═ J (1-W2%) -K × W2%; wherein: LHV (stale refuse) -stale refuse combustible low-grade calorific value, W2% -stale refuse water content, J-stale refuse combustible dry-based calorific value constant and K-humid-based calorific value correction constant;
as an example of this scheme, the dry heat value constant J is 17550 and the wet heat value correction constant K is 2440.
4) The gross calorific value of the mixed materials is estimated according to the following empirical formula:
LHV (total) ═ LHV (stale refuse) × D + LHV (native refuse) × (100-D) ]/100,
wherein: LHV (total) -gross calorific value of the mixture; d-the proportion of the blended aged refuse in the refuse incineration power plant.
Further, for the consideration of controlling the upper limit of the calorific value, the blending combustion proportion is controlled to be 20-30%.
Further, the estimation method of the water content of the combustible materials of the raw garbage and the stale garbage comprises the following steps: placing the sample on a screen frame, squeezing for not less than 10 minutes by using an iron plate, weighing the weight of the squeezed garbage sample, and estimating the water content of the garbage sample according to an empirical formula:
W1＝(M1-M2)*100/M1+L；
m1, sample weight before squeezing, M2, sample weight after squeezing, W1%, garbage water content and L-water content correction coefficient;
wherein, for the primary garbage, the L value is 30; for stale refuse, the L value is 15.
For the primary garbage and the aged garbage, the empirical data shows that the primary garbage can still have residual moisture of about 30 percent after being treated by the method, and the aged garbage is collected by leachate for years in a landfill, and the water content of the aged garbage is lower than that of the primary garbage, so that the aged garbage can also have residual moisture of about 15 percent.
Furthermore, in the garbage sampling process, sampling is carried out by adopting multiple points and mixing uniformly, and the water content of the mixed sample is measured so as to ensure the uniformity and the representativeness of the sample.
The real-time control of the heat value of the garbage entering the furnace has important guiding significance for controlling the actual operation parameters of the primary air and secondary air distribution quantity of a garbage incineration system, the feeding speed of the garbage incinerator, the reciprocating speed of the incinerator discharge, the residence time of the garbage in the furnace and the like. In a waste incineration power plant, if the actual heat value of the waste entering the furnace is subjected to laboratory analysis or combustion parameter accumulation analysis according to a certain period of time, the heat value analysis result is lagged, and the real-time guidance meaning for controlling the operation condition of the waste incineration system is not great.
Due to the adoption of the scheme, the invention has the beneficial effects that: 1. the scheme discloses a method for quickly estimating the heat value of a stale refuse-primary refuse collaborative incineration mixed material, which can quickly obtain a more accurate heat value through simple estimation before a stale refuse-primary refuse mixture enters a furnace, and determine the combustion property of the garbage mixture entering the furnace, thereby being beneficial to operating personnel of a refuse incineration power plant to grasp and adjust the operation condition of a refuse incineration system in time according to the heat value of the material entering the furnace; 2. the method fully considers the classification of different components in the garbage, ensures that sufficient multi-point sampling samples are provided, corrects parameters of links which are easy to generate errors in the implementation steps, obtains a low-grade calorific value through a high-grade calorific value, and ensures that the finally obtained data has high accuracy; 3. the method has the advantages of simple steps, easy implementation, low investment cost, no need of sample sending and external measurement, and test time of only about 1.5 hours, can adapt to the parameter adjustment and tracking requirements of the waste incineration system, and is worthy of popularization.
Detailed Description
Any feature disclosed in this specification may be replaced by alternative features serving equivalent or similar purposes, unless expressly stated otherwise. That is, unless expressly stated otherwise, each feature is only an example of a generic series of equivalent or similar features.
Examples
The method for measuring the calorific value of the mixed material of the stale refuse and the primary refuse in the Longfeng environmental-friendly power plant in the Longfeng adult city comprises the following steps:
1) because the power plant adopts the mode of co-combustion of the stale refuse and the raw refuse to generate power, the stale refuse is subjected to sorting pretreatment in advance so as to improve the furnace entering quality of the stale refuse, reduce ash content and improve the heat value.
The pretreatment method comprises the following steps: separating dregs, soil, aggregate and metal in the stale refuse, and screening the stale refuse combustible; the stale refuse enters a double-layer drum sieve through a feed inlet to sieve the stale refuse; the screen holes of the outer layer screen plate of the drum screen are 10mm, the screen holes of the inner layer screen plate are 20mm, and the installation inclination angle of the drum screen is 10 degrees; the stale refuse is divided into oversize and undersize, and small particles in the dregs, the aggregates and the metals are removed after screening. Enabling oversize products to enter a gravity separation unit, and performing gravity separation on the oversize products blown into a settling chamber by a fan in the gravity separation unit; the air quantity of the fan is adjustable, and the adjusting range is 8000-3And/h, the wind pressure of the fan is 1000-4500 Pa. Wherein, the outlet on the upper part of the settling chamber is used for removing large-scale residue soil, aggregate and metal by taking oversize materials as light materials and taking heavy materials on the lower part. The light objects are conveyed into a magnetic separation drum through a conveyor belt to carry out magnetic separation on the separated light objects. The transmission speed of the conveyor belt is 2m/s, the magnetic induction intensity of the magnetic separation drum is more than or equal to 50mT, and the magnetic field intensity of the edge of the gap is 15000 Oe. And after magnetic separation, further removing small metal particles in the aged and rotten garbage light objects, and reducing incineration ash. At this time, the aged refuse is sorted to mainly obtain light inflammable substances such as rubber and plastic, wood and bamboo, fabric and paper.
2) Respectively estimating the heat values of the raw garbage and the aged garbage combustible before the aged garbage combustible and the raw garbage are mixed and put into a furnace for incineration, determining the blending combustion proportion of the aged garbage combustible according to the respective heat values, and estimating the mixed heat value; the heat value is determined by the following method:
step 1, sampling 100kg of primary garbage in a multi-point scattered manner in a garbage storage pit, uniformly stirring and mixing the primary garbage by manpower, and uniformly dividing the mixture into two parts which are respectively marked as A part and B part. And (3) aiming at the A sample, sorting the primary garbage into plastic and non-plastic components by adopting an artificial method, and further sorting to obtain the content of organic matters in the two components. Measuring the content R of the non-plastic components in the primary garbage to be 40%, the content A of the organic matters in the non-plastic components to be 50% and the content B of the organic matters in the plastic components to be 20%, and measuring the high calorific value of the garbage according to the following empirical formula based on the obtained data:
HHV (garbage) ([ E × R × a% + fx (1-R) × B% ] × 1000, unit KJ/kg,
wherein: HHV (original garbage) -original garbage high-level heat value, R-proportion of non-plastic components in garbage, A-percentage of organic matters in the non-plastic components in the garbage, B-percentage of organic matters in the plastic components in the garbage, E-coefficient of heat value of the non-plastic components and F-constant of heat value of the plastic components;
in this embodiment, the calorific value constant F of the plastic component is 32.5, and the calorific value constant E of the non-plastic component is 23.1. The HHV (raw refuse) was calculated to be 8527.2 KJ/Kg.
Step 2, placing the sample B on a screen frame, squeezing for about 12 minutes by using an iron plate, weighing the weight of the squeezed garbage sample, and estimating the water content of the garbage sample according to an empirical formula:
W1＝(M1-M2)*100/M1+L；
wherein M1 is the weight of a sample before squeezing, M2 is the weight of a sample after squeezing, W1% is the moisture content of the garbage, and an L-moisture content correction coefficient.
And (3) measuring the low calorific value of the garbage according to the following empirical formula by combining the high calorific value data in the step 1:
LHV (primary waste) × (100-H × W1%)/(100-I-W1%) in KJ/kg;
wherein: HHV (original garbage) -original garbage high-level heat value, LHV (original garbage) -original garbage low-level heat value, W1% -garbage water content, H-water content heat value loss coefficient and I-water content heat value correction coefficient;
and calculating to obtain the low calorific value of the garbage according to the calorific value loss coefficient of the water content and the calorific value correction coefficient of the water content by using the obtained high calorific value data and the water content. The waste in different areas has different loss systems and correction coefficients, and as one embodiment of the scheme, the water content heat value loss coefficient H is 24.1, and the water content heat value correction coefficient I is 0.19.
In this example, the weight M1 before pressing the raw garbage is 50Kg, the weight M2 after pressing is 45Kg, L is 30, the water content W1 of the garbage is 40%, HHV (raw garbage) and W1 are combined, and LHV (raw garbage) is 7743.3KJ/Kg according to the formula HHV (raw garbage) x (100-24.3 × W1%)/(100-0.19-W1%).
Step 3, after multipoint sampling is carried out on the stale refuse by adopting the same method in the step 2, estimating the water content of the stale refuse combustible to be fed into the furnace, and measuring the low calorific value of the stale refuse combustible according to the following empirical formula:
LHV (old garbage) ═ J (1-W2%) -K × W2%;
wherein: LHV-lower heating value; w2% -moisture content of the aged refuse, J-dry basis heat value constant, and K-wet basis heat value correction constant.
In this embodiment, the dry-based calorific value constant J is 17550, and the wet-based calorific value correction constant K is 2440. Under the condition of taking 15 from L, the moisture content W2 of the light substance on the sorted stale refuse sieve is measured to be 35%, and the wet-based low-grade heat value of the light substance on the sorted stale refuse sieve is calculated to be 10553.5 KJ/Kg.
And 4, estimating the gross calorific value of the mixed material according to the following empirical formula:
LHV (total) ═ LHV (stale refuse) × D + LHV (native refuse) × (100-D) ]/100,
wherein: LHV (total) -gross calorific value of the mixture; d-proportion of blended burning and ageing of the waste incineration power plant.
In this embodiment, for the reason of controlling the upper limit of the calorific value, the blending combustion ratio is controlled to be 25%, and the calculated mixed calorific value LHV (total) of the stale refuse-primary refuse mixed material is: 8445.85 KJ/Kg.
And according to the range of the heat load which can be borne by the combustion furnace, sending a certain amount of mixed materials into the garbage incinerator for garbage incineration, and estimating the heat value of the injected mixed materials of different batches to serve as the basis for adjusting the operation condition of the garbage incinerator. Aiming at the embodiment, the low calorific value range of the garbage fed into the incinerator is 4190-8800 kJ/kg, and the heat discharge load of the incinerator is 1548MJ/m2H, maximum heat load of incinerator grate 1703MJ/m2H, the mixed heat value meets the design requirement.
Comparative example
Taking a Chengdu Longfeng environmental protection power plant as an example, the heat value of the mixed material entering the furnace can be measured to be 8445.85KJ/Kg after only about 1.5 hours without the step of sorting stale garbage in the embodiment 1. Then delivering 50-100kg of the same raw garbage sample and 50-100kg of stale garbage combustible to a third-party detection mechanism to determine the calorific value of the mixed material. The third party organization adopts an oxygen bomb calorimeter to detect the heat value, measures and calculates the garbage heat value data by using methods such as an industrial analysis and prediction empirical model, a physical component analysis and prediction empirical model, an element analysis and prediction model and the like after the measurement is finished, and uses the heat value data measured by the above method to revise the heat value data measured by the oxygen bomb calorimeter. After the whole measuring procedure takes several days from sending the sample to receiving the report, the calorific value of the mixed material is 8110 KJ/Kg. Through calculation, the error of the heat value of the mixed material determined by the method does not exceed +/-5 percent, and the method for determining the heat value is high in accuracy.
The invention is not limited to the foregoing embodiments. The invention extends to any novel feature or any novel combination of features disclosed in this specification and any novel method or process steps or any novel combination of features disclosed.
Claims (7)
1. A method for measuring the calorific value of a stale refuse-primary refuse collaborative incineration mixed material is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) estimating the high calorific value of the primary waste;
2) estimating the water content of the raw garbage, and estimating the low-grade heat value of the raw garbage by combining the water content;
3) estimating the water content of the aged refuse combustible, and estimating the low-grade calorific value of the aged refuse combustible by combining the water content;
4) determining the heat value of the mixed material based on the low-level heat value of the raw garbage and the low-level heat value of the stale garbage combustible according to the blending combustion proportion of the stale garbage combustible;
in the step (1), the content of non-plastic components and the content of plastic components in the primary waste are measured through waste sorting, the content of organic matters in the non-plastic components and the plastic components is further measured through sorting, and the high calorific value of the primary waste is measured according to the following empirical formula based on the obtained data:
HHV of the raw refuse is [ E × R × a% + fx (1-R) × B% ] × 1000, unit KJ/kg,
wherein: HHV of the raw garbage, namely the high calorific value of the raw garbage, R, the proportion of non-plastic components in the garbage, A, the percentage content of organic matters in the non-plastic components of the garbage, B, the percentage content of organic matters in the plastic components of the garbage, E, the calorific value coefficient of the non-plastic components and F, the calorific value constant of the plastic components;
in the step (2), the water content of the raw garbage is estimated, and the low calorific value of the garbage is measured according to the following empirical formula by combining the high calorific value data in the step 1:
native waste LHV ═ native waste HHV × (100-H × W1%)/(100-I-W1%), units KJ/kg, which
The method comprises the following steps: HHV of the raw garbage, namely a high-order heat value of the raw garbage, LHV of the raw garbage, a low-order heat value of the raw garbage, W1%, water content of the garbage, a heat value loss coefficient of H-water content and a heat value correction coefficient of I-water content;
in the step (3), the water content of the stale refuse combustible to be fed into the furnace is estimated, and the low calorific value of the stale refuse combustible is measured according to the following empirical formula:
the stale refuse LHV is J (1-W2%) -K is W2%; wherein: LHV of the aged refuse, the combustible material level heat value of the aged refuse, W2 percent, the water content of the aged refuse, J-dry basis heat value constant of the combustible material of the aged refuse and K-wet basis heat value correction constant.
2. A calorific value determination method according to claim 1, wherein in said step (3), stale refuse combustibles are obtained by: sieving, gravity separating the oversize material, magnetic separating the separated light material to eliminate magnetic matter and obtain the aged refuse combustible material.
3. A calorific value measurement method according to claim 2, characterized in that: screening the aged garbage by adopting a drum screen; blowing oversize materials into a settling chamber by a fan to perform gravity separation; and (4) conveying the light objects into a magnetic separation rotary drum by adopting a conveying belt to carry out magnetic separation on the separated light objects.
4. A calorific value measurement method according to claim 3, characterized in that: the drum screen adopts a double-deck sieve plate drum screen, the sieve pore of the outer-deck sieve plate is 10mm, the sieve pore of the inner-deck sieve plate is 20mm, and the installation inclination angle of the drum screen is 10 degrees; the air quantity of the fan is adjustable, the adjusting range is 8000-; the transmission speed of the conveyor belt is 2m/s, the magnetic induction intensity of the magnetic separation drum is more than or equal to 50mT, and the magnetic field intensity of the edge of the gap is 15000 Oe.
5. A calorific value determination method according to claim 1, wherein in said step (4), the gross calorific value of the mixed materials is estimated according to the following empirical formula:
total LHV ═ D of stale refuse + LHV of native refuse (100-D) ]/100, where: total LHV-total calorific value of the mixture; d-the proportion of the blended aged refuse in the refuse incineration power plant.
6. A calorific value determination method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the method for estimating the moisture content of combustible materials of raw refuse and stale refuse is: sampling combustible materials of primary garbage and stale garbage, placing a sample on a screen frame, pressing the sample for not less than 10 minutes by using an iron plate, weighing the weight of the pressed garbage sample, and estimating the water content of the garbage sample according to the following empirical formula:
W1＝(M1-M2)*100/M1+L1，W2＝(M1-M2)*100/M1+L2；
m1-sample weight before squeezing, M2-sample weight after squeezing, W1% -raw garbage water content, L1-raw garbage water content correction coefficient, and L2-aged garbage water content correction coefficient;
wherein, for the primary garbage, the L value is 30; for stale refuse, the L value is 15.
7. A method as claimed in claim 6, wherein the moisture content of the mixed sample is measured after sampling at multiple points and mixing the samples uniformly during the garbage sampling process.
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