CN110117143B - Method for curing slurry by using magnesium-based composite material - Google Patents
Method for curing slurry by using magnesium-based composite material Download PDFInfo
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- CN110117143B CN110117143B CN201910390394.9A CN201910390394A CN110117143B CN 110117143 B CN110117143 B CN 110117143B CN 201910390394 A CN201910390394 A CN 201910390394A CN 110117143 B CN110117143 B CN 110117143B
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F11/00—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor
- C02F11/008—Sludge treatment by fixation or solidification
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F11/00—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor
- C02F11/12—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by de-watering, drying or thickening
- C02F11/121—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by de-watering, drying or thickening by mechanical de-watering
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for curing slurry by using a magnesium-based composite material, which comprises the following steps: s1, pumping surface water in the mud sedimentation tank, enabling the water content of the mud to be 40-120 wt%, and sampling and analyzing the water content of the mud; s2, calculating according to the weight and the water content of the slurry, wherein the mass of dry soil in the slurry is m; s3, uniformly mixing the curing agent and the slurry to obtain a mixture; s4, conveying the mixture to a designated position for spreading, compacting and maintaining; wherein the mass of the curing agent is 0.3 m. The invention has the advantages of convenient construction, low cost, curing speed and the like, and can be widely applied to the technical field of waste slurry recycling.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of waste slurry recycling. More particularly, the invention relates to a method for curing slurry of magnesium-based composite material.
Background
In engineering construction well drilling, a large amount of waste mud is often accompanied, and a plurality of stable colloid suspension systems mainly comprising clay, drill cuttings, sewage, chemical treatment reagents, heavy metals and the like not only influence construction but also seriously pollute the environment, so that reasonable treatment and utilization of the waste mud are particularly important. At present, a great deal of research is carried out on the slurry treatment technology at home and abroad, and different curing methods also need to be distinguished correspondingly according to the specific components of the slurry in different regions.
The current treatment methods of the waste drilling mud comprise solidification method, MTC (mud to cement) conversion technology, backfill method, microorganism treatment method, injection of safe bottom layer or annular space, solid-liquid separation and other means. Most of the traditional curing methods are carried out by adopting cement, but the mixing amount requirement is overlarge when high-water-content mud is cured, the cost is high, and the CO2 discharged in the cement production process causes serious pollution to the environment. Except a solidification method, most of mud adopts direct landfill and other modes, the drilling waste mud has complex components, the direct landfill has great pollution to land resources and large occupied area, and the pollutants are easy to seep out due to perennial moisture or accumulated water in part of areas, thereby causing great damage to the ecological environment. The invention improves the traditional curing method, ensures economy, environmental protection and low cost, solves the problem that the slurry with high water content is difficult to cure, and has higher strength and good impermeability. Can meet the requirement of the soil for road base construction in municipal administration, traffic and hydraulic engineering.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for curing slurry by using a magnesium-based composite material, which is convenient to construct, low in cost and high in curing speed.
To achieve these objects and other advantages in accordance with the purpose of the invention, there is provided a method for solidifying slurry of magnesium-based composite material, comprising the steps of:
s1, pumping surface water in the mud sedimentation tank, enabling the water content of the mud to be 40-120 wt%, and sampling and analyzing the water content of the mud;
s2, calculating according to the weight and the water content of the slurry, wherein the mass of dry soil in the slurry is m;
s3, uniformly mixing the curing agent and the slurry to obtain a mixture;
s4, conveying the mixture to a designated position for spreading, compacting and maintaining;
wherein the mass of the curing agent is 0.3 m.
Preferably, the step S1 specifically includes:
a1, testing the water content at a plurality of positions in the mud sedimentation tank;
a2, obtaining the average water content of the slurry in the sedimentation tank by an averaging method according to the sum of the water content of the slurry at each point test point.
Preferably, the curing agent comprises the following components in parts by mass:
10-20% of magnesium oxide, 4-10% of magnesium chloride hexahydrate, 45-65% of slag or slag composition, 6-18% of carbide slag, 3-12% of silicon powder, 5-12% of anhydrous sodium sulfate and 0.1-0.5% of water-absorbent resin.
Preferably, the step S3 specifically includes:
b1: uniformly mixing the magnesium oxide and magnesium chloride hexahydrate in parts by mass to prepare a curing agent A, dissolving the curing agent A in water, and preparing 95-97% of curing agent A mixed solution;
b2: uniformly mixing the slag or the slag composition, the carbide slag, the silicon powder, the anhydrous sodium sulfate and the water-absorbent resin in parts by weight to obtain a curing agent B;
and B3, uniformly mixing the curing agent A mixed solution, the curing agent B and the slurry according to a proportion to obtain the mixture.
Preferably, the first and second electrodes are formed of a metal,
the mud sedimentation tank is in a circular groove shape, and the center of the bottom of the mud sedimentation tank is provided with a vertical rod which is in a telescopic structure; the sludge sedimentation tank is internally provided with a circular ballast block which can move up and down, the outer wall of the circular ballast block is attached to the inner wall of the sludge sedimentation tank for a circle, a cylinder is detachably arranged at the central through hole of the ballast block, the lower part of the circular ballast block is sealed by a plastic film, and the distance between the plastic film and the lower surface of the ballast block is 3-5 cm;
the step S3 specifically includes the following steps:
a1: adjusting the length of the vertical rod, and enabling the upper end of the vertical rod to be flush with the surface of the slurry in the slurry sedimentation tank;
a2: adding the mixed solution A into the cylinder, pressing the ballast block downwards, and enabling the plastic film to be punctured by the vertical rod until the ballast block is pressed into the position below the slurry, wherein the depth H1 is 1/6-1/5 of the depth H of the slurry;
a3: the ballast block is raised back to be above the slurry liquid level, then the cylinder is replaced, 1/5 curing agent B is added into the cylinder, and the time of the step A2 is controlled to be 30-40 minutes;
a4: the ballast block continues to carry out ballasting, and the plastic film is punctured by the vertical rod until the ballast block is pressed to the bottom of the mud sedimentation tank;
a5: and repeating the steps A3-A4 until all the curing agent B is uniformly mixed with the slurry.
Preferably, the ballast block has an inner diameter of 1/4-1/3 of outer diameter and the cylinder has an inner diameter of 9/10 of the outer diameter of the cylinder.
The invention at least comprises the following beneficial effects:
(1) the technology of the invention fully embodies the concept of treating waste by waste, and achieves the effect of solidifying the slurry with high water content by utilizing the potential hydration activity of industrial waste residues such as slag, fly ash, carbide slag, silicon powder, steel slag and the like. The technology has low cost and simple process and is convenient to implement.
(2) The technology realizes waste recycling, and high-water-content sludge and the like except slurry can be treated by adopting the technology. The cured material can be directly used for the construction of a common road base layer to replace a large amount of natural resources such as sand and stone materials and the like.
(3) The material adopted by the technology of the invention forms a compact internal space skeleton structure after hydration reaction, physically wraps a large amount of pollutants in a cured object, has high strength and good anti-permeability skill, and also keeps good stability after being washed by rainwater or soaked in sewage.
(4) The curing agent adopted in the technology of the invention is all obtained from industrial waste residues, and has wide sources and low cost. Reduce the consumption of cement and the energy consumption of production. Has higher market popularization value.
(5) The technology of the invention is convenient to implement and wide in application range, and can be used for mud with higher water content.
Additional advantages, objects, and features of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows and in part will become apparent to those having ordinary skill in the art upon examination of the following or may be learned from practice of the invention.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the mud sedimentation tank according to the present invention.
Description of reference numerals: 1. a mud sedimentation tank, 2, a vertical rod, 3, a ballast block, 4, a cylinder, 5 and a plastic film.
Detailed Description
The present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the attached drawings so that those skilled in the art can implement the invention by referring to the description text.
It is to be noted that the experimental methods described in the following embodiments are all conventional methods unless otherwise specified, and the reagents and materials, if not otherwise specified, are commercially available; in the description of the present invention, the terms "lateral", "longitudinal", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, are only for convenience in describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element being referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1, the present invention provides a method for curing slurry of magnesium-based composite material, comprising the following steps:
s1, pumping surface water in the mud sedimentation tank, enabling the water content of the mud to be 40-120 wt%, and sampling and analyzing the water content of the mud;
s2, calculating according to the weight and the water content of the slurry, wherein the mass of dry soil in the slurry is m;
s3, uniformly mixing the curing agent and the slurry to obtain a mixture;
s4, conveying the mixture to a designated position for spreading, compacting and maintaining;
wherein the mass of the curing agent is 0.3 m.
In another technical solution, the step S1 specifically includes:
a1, testing the water content at a plurality of positions in the mud sedimentation tank;
a2, obtaining the average water content of the slurry in the sedimentation tank by an averaging method according to the sum of the water content of the slurry at each point test point.
In another technical scheme, the curing agent comprises the following components in parts by mass:
10-20% of magnesium oxide, 4-10% of magnesium chloride hexahydrate, 45-65% of slag or slag composition, 6-18% of carbide slag, 3-12% of silicon powder, 5-12% of anhydrous sodium sulfate and 0.1-0.5% of water-absorbent resin.
In another technical solution, the step S3 specifically includes:
b1: uniformly mixing the magnesium oxide and magnesium chloride hexahydrate in parts by mass to prepare a curing agent A, dissolving the curing agent A in water, and preparing 95-97% of curing agent A mixed solution;
b2: uniformly mixing the slag or the slag composition, the carbide slag, the silicon powder, the anhydrous sodium sulfate and the water-absorbent resin in parts by weight to obtain a curing agent B;
and B3, uniformly mixing the curing agent A mixed solution, the curing agent B and the slurry according to a proportion to obtain the mixture.
In another technical scheme, the mud sedimentation tank 1 is in a circular groove shape, and a vertical rod 2 which is in a telescopic structure is arranged at the center of the bottom of the mud sedimentation tank; the slurry sedimentation tank 1 is internally provided with a circular ballast block 3 capable of moving up and down, the outer wall of the circular ballast block is attached to the inner wall of the slurry sedimentation tank 1 for a circle, a cylinder 4 is detachably arranged at the central through hole of the ballast block 3, the lower part of the cylinder 4 is sealed by a plastic film 5, and the distance between the plastic film 5 and the lower surface of the ballast block 3 is 3-5 cm;
the step S3 specifically includes the following steps:
a1: adjusting the length of the vertical rod 2, and enabling the upper end of the vertical rod 2 to be flush with the surface of the slurry in the slurry sedimentation tank 1;
a2: adding the mixed solution A into the cylinder 4, pressing the ballast block 3 downwards, and puncturing the plastic film 5 by the vertical rod 2 until the depth H1 of the ballast block 3 pressed below the slurry is 1/6-1/5 of the depth H of the slurry;
a3: the ballast block 3 is raised back to be above the slurry liquid level, then the cylinder 4 is replaced, the curing agent B of 1/5 is added into the cylinder 4, and the time of the step A2 is controlled to be 30-40 minutes;
a4: the ballast block 3 continues to be ballasted, and the plastic film 5 is punctured by the vertical rod 2 until the ballast block 3 is pressed to the bottom of the mud sedimentation tank 1;
a5: and repeating the steps A3-A4 until all the curing agent B is uniformly mixed with the slurry.
In this kind of technical scheme, the ballast block drives it through telescopic machanism and reciprocates, and the ballast block can adopt the great metal material of density for the weight of ballast block is great, and the ballast block is connected with telescopic machanism detachable, and when the ballast block sinks, with the relation of connection between telescopic machanism and the ballast block relieved, makes the ballast block under the effect of dead weight, pushes down mud, thereby reduces the energy consumption, and when the ballast block rose, is connected telescopic machanism and ballast block again, and telescopic machanism contracts, drives the ballast block and rises.
In the step A2, the ballast block is pressed downwards, so that the bound water in the sludge is extruded out under the gravity of the ballast block, the moisture and the sludge solids are layered, the moisture is located at the upper layer, at the moment, the plastic film is punctured by the vertical rod, the moisture is extruded to the middle of the cylinder and flows into the cylinder from the broken hole of the plastic film, the mixed liquid A and the moisture are fully mixed to obtain a mixed liquid, then the mixed liquid A is pressed downwards continuously until the depth H1 below the ballast block pressed into the slurry is 1/6-1/5 of the depth H of the slurry, at the moment, part of the sludge is fixed and can flow into the inner cavity of the cylinder and is uniformly mixed with the mixed liquid, so that the moisture returns to the inside of the sludge again, and the mixed liquid A is mixed into the inside of the sludge together.
Then repeating the steps A3-A4, so that the sludge which is poured into the cylinder from the lower end of the cylinder is completely and uniformly mixed with the curing agent B under the action of the extrusion force.
In another embodiment, the ballast mass 3 has an inner diameter of 1/4-1/3 and the cylinder 4 has an inner diameter of 9/10.
Example 1
C1, pumping and draining surface water in the slurry sedimentation tank completely by adopting equipment such as a water pump and the like without obvious laminated water;
taking a plurality of test points to test the water content of the slurry and calculating to obtain the average water content of the slurry of 70%;
c2, calculating according to the weight of the slurry of 200kg and the water content of 70%, wherein the mass m of the dry soil in the slurry is 200/1.7 kg;
c3, uniformly mixing magnesium oxide and magnesium chloride hexahydrate to prepare a curing agent A, dissolving the curing agent A in water, and preparing 95% of curing agent A mixed solution;
c4, respectively adding the slag, the fly ash, the carbide slag and the silicon powder into the tube mill until the specific surface area is 450m2Kg and drying;
and C5, adding the dried slag, the fly ash, the carbide slag, the silicon powder, the anhydrous sodium sulfate and the sodium polyacrylate into a stirrer, mixing and stirring for 15min at the rotating speed of 100r/min, and then drying for 30min at 105 ℃ to obtain the curing agent B.
The curing agent comprises, by mass, 30% of slag, 15% of fly ash, 15% of carbide slag, 10% of magnesium oxide, 0.2% of sodium polyacrylate, 8% of silicon powder, 10% of magnesium chloride and 11.8% of anhydrous sodium sulfate.
The mass of the curing agent is 0.3-60/1.7 kg;
the curing agent was mixed with the slurry to give mixture 1.
Example 2
C1, pumping and draining surface water in the slurry sedimentation tank completely by adopting equipment such as a water pump and the like without obvious laminated water;
taking a plurality of test points to test the water content of the slurry and calculating to obtain the average water content of the slurry of 70%;
c2, calculating according to the weight of the slurry of 200kg and the water content of 70%, wherein the mass m of the dry soil in the slurry is 200/1.7 kg;
c3, uniformly mixing magnesium oxide and magnesium chloride hexahydrate to prepare a curing agent A, dissolving the curing agent A in water, and preparing 96% of curing agent A mixed solution;
c4, respectively adding slag, steel slag, carbide slag and silicon powder into a tube mill to be ground until the specific surface area is 450m2/Kg, and drying;
and C5, adding the dried slag, steel slag, carbide slag, silicon powder, anhydrous sodium sulfate and sodium polyacrylate into a stirrer, mixing and stirring for 15min at the rotating speed of 100r/min, and then drying for 30min at 105 ℃ to obtain the curing agent B.
Wherein, the curing agent comprises 35 percent of slag, 10 percent of steel slag, 18 percent of carbide slag, 12 percent of magnesium oxide, 0.1 percent of sodium polyacrylate, 12 percent of silicon powder, 5 percent of magnesium chloride and 7.9 percent of anhydrous sodium sulfate by weight.
The mass of the curing agent is 0.3-60/1.7 kg;
the curing agent was mixed with the slurry to give mixture 2.
Example 3
C1, pumping and draining surface water in the slurry sedimentation tank completely by adopting equipment such as a water pump and the like without obvious laminated water;
taking a plurality of test points to test the water content of the slurry and calculating to obtain the average water content of the slurry of 70%;
c2, calculating according to the weight 200 and the water content of the slurry of 70 percent, wherein the mass m of the dry soil in the slurry is 200/1.7 kg;
c3, uniformly mixing magnesium oxide and magnesium chloride hexahydrate to prepare a curing agent A, dissolving the curing agent A in water, and preparing 96% of curing agent A mixed solution;
c4, respectively adding slag, steel slag, carbide slag and silicon powder into a tube mill to be ground until the specific surface area is 450m2/Kg, and drying;
and C5, adding the dried slag, steel slag, carbide slag, silicon powder, anhydrous sodium sulfate and sodium polyacrylate into a stirrer, mixing and stirring for 15min at the rotating speed of 100r/min, and then drying for 30min at 105 ℃ to obtain the curing agent B.
Wherein, the curing agent comprises 25 mass portions of slag, 15 mass portions of fly ash, 10 mass portions of steel slag, 15 mass portions of carbide slag, 15 mass portions of magnesium oxide, 0.2 mass portion of sodium polyacrylate, 6 mass portions of silicon powder, 4 mass portions of magnesium chloride and 9.8 mass portions of anhydrous sodium sulfate.
The mass of the curing agent is 0.3-60/1.7 kg;
the curing agent is mixed with the slurry to give mixture 3.
Wherein the following steps are adopted in examples 1-3 to uniformly mix the curing agent with the sludge: the mud sedimentation tank is in a circular groove shape, and the center of the bottom of the mud sedimentation tank is provided with a vertical rod which is in a telescopic structure; the sludge sedimentation tank is internally provided with a circular ballast block which can move up and down, the outer wall of the circular ballast block is attached to the inner wall of the sludge sedimentation tank for a circle, a cylinder is detachably arranged at the central through hole of the ballast block, the lower part of the cylinder is sealed by a plastic film, and the distance between the plastic film and the lower surface of the ballast block is 3 cm;
the step S3 specifically includes the following steps:
a1: adjusting the length of the vertical rod, and enabling the upper end of the vertical rod to be flush with the surface of the slurry in the slurry sedimentation tank;
a2: adding the mixed solution A into the cylinder, pressing the ballast block downwards, and enabling the plastic film to be punctured by the vertical rod until the depth H1 of the ballast block pressed below the slurry is 1/6 of the depth H of the slurry;
a3: the ballast block is raised back to be above the slurry liquid level, then the cylinder is replaced, 1/5 curing agent B is added into the cylinder, and the time of the step A2 is controlled to be 30 minutes;
a4: the ballast block continues to carry out ballasting, and the plastic film is punctured by the vertical rod until the ballast block is pressed to the bottom of the mud sedimentation tank;
a5: repeating the steps A3-A4 until all the curing agent B is uniformly mixed with the slurry;
wherein the inner diameter of the ballast block is 1/4 of the outer diameter, and the inner diameter of the cylinder is 9/10 of the outer diameter of the cylinder.
The mixtures 1, 2 and 3 prepared in examples 1 to 3 were prepared into samples 50mm in diameter and 100mm in height, respectively, and the samples were demolded after standard curing for 1 day, and then cured for 7 days and tested for unconfined compressive strength after 28 days, and three parallel samples were set at each age and averaged.
Comparative example 1:
the curing agent is a purchased new hebei polymetallic material science and technology company, the product name is sludge curing agent, and the model is JJ-05.
Setting the mass of the curing agent to be 0.3-60/1.7 kg; and (3) directly and manually mixing the mixture with 200kg of slurry to obtain a mixture 4, preparing a sample with the diameter of 50mm and the height of 100mm, demolding after standard maintenance for 1 day, continuing to maintain for 7 days, testing the unconfined compressive strength after 28 days, setting three parallel samples at each age and averaging.
The results are shown in Table 1-1.
TABLE 1-1 unconfined compressive strength results/MPa
Test example 2
After the slurry curing agent prepared in examples 1-3 and slurry with the water content of 14.5% are respectively uniformly mixed according to the mass ratio of 3:10, a standard cutting ring sample with the diameter of 30cm and the height of 4cm is prepared, and the saturated permeability coefficient of the sample is tested by a variable head permeability test method after standard curing is carried out for 7 days and 28 days. The test method is referred to road geotechnical test regulation (JTG E40-2007). The results are shown in tables 1-2.
TABLE 1-2 saturated permeability coefficient results/(k 10-5cm/s)
The results show that the sludge treatment effect of the invention is good, and the unconfined compressive strength ratio is larger in 28 days. And the material prepared by mixing the slurry curing agent and the slurry has good anti-permeability performance.
While embodiments of the invention have been described above, it is not limited to the applications set forth in the description and the embodiments, which are fully applicable in various fields of endeavor to which the invention pertains, and further modifications may readily be made by those skilled in the art, it being understood that the invention is not limited to the details shown and described herein without departing from the general concept defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims (2)
1. The method for curing the slurry by the magnesium-based composite material is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
s1, pumping surface water in the mud sedimentation tank, enabling the water content of the mud to be 40-120 wt%, and sampling and analyzing the water content of the mud;
s2, calculating according to the weight and the water content of the slurry, wherein the mass of dry soil in the slurry is m;
s3, uniformly mixing the curing agent and the slurry to obtain a mixture;
s4, conveying the mixture to a designated position for spreading, compacting and maintaining;
wherein the mass of the curing agent is 0.3 m;
the step S1 specifically includes:
a1, testing the water content at a plurality of positions in the mud sedimentation tank;
a2, obtaining the average water content of the slurry in the sedimentation tank by an averaging method according to the sum of the water content of the slurry at each point test point;
the curing agent comprises the following components in parts by mass:
10-20% of magnesium oxide, 4-10% of magnesium chloride hexahydrate, 45-65% of slag or a slag composition, 6-18% of carbide slag, 3-12% of silicon powder, 5-12% of anhydrous sodium sulfate and 0.1-0.5% of water-absorbent resin;
the step S3 specifically includes:
b1: uniformly mixing the magnesium oxide and magnesium chloride hexahydrate in parts by mass to prepare a curing agent A, dissolving the curing agent A in water, and preparing 95-97% of curing agent A mixed solution;
b2: uniformly mixing the slag or the slag composition, the carbide slag, the silicon powder, the anhydrous sodium sulfate and the water-absorbent resin in parts by weight to obtain a curing agent B;
b3, uniformly mixing the curing agent A mixed solution, the curing agent B and the slurry according to a proportion to obtain the mixture;
the mud sedimentation tank is in a circular groove shape, and the center of the bottom of the mud sedimentation tank is provided with a vertical rod which is in a telescopic structure; the sludge sedimentation tank is internally provided with a circular ballast block which can move up and down, the outer wall of the circular ballast block is attached to the inner wall of the sludge sedimentation tank for a circle, a cylinder is detachably arranged at the central through hole of the ballast block, the lower part of the circular ballast block is sealed by a plastic film, and the distance between the plastic film and the lower surface of the ballast block is 3-5 cm;
the step S3 specifically includes the following steps:
a1: adjusting the length of the vertical rod, and enabling the upper end of the vertical rod to be flush with the surface of the slurry in the slurry sedimentation tank;
a2: adding the mixed solution A into the cylinder, pressing the ballast block downwards, and enabling the plastic film to be punctured by the vertical rod until the ballast block is pressed into the position below the slurry, wherein the depth H1 is 1/6-1/5 of the depth H of the slurry;
a3: the ballast block is raised back to be above the slurry liquid level, then the cylinder is replaced, 1/5 curing agent B is added into the cylinder, and the time of the step A2 is controlled to be 30-40 minutes;
a4: the ballast block continues to carry out ballasting, and the plastic film is punctured by the vertical rod until the ballast block is pressed to the bottom of the mud sedimentation tank;
a5: and repeating the steps A3-A4 until all the curing agent B is uniformly mixed with the slurry.
2. The method for solidifying slurry with Mg-based composite material as claimed in claim 1, wherein the internal diameter of said ballast block is 1/4-1/3 mm in outside diameter and the internal diameter of said cylinder is 9/10 mm in outside diameter of cylinder.
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| CN108675751A (en) * | 2018-05-25 | 2018-10-19 | 武汉大学 | A kind of environment-friendly type mud composite curing agent |
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| CN110117143A (en) | 2019-08-13 |
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