CN110115959B - Liquid-phase jet balling method and system for solid substances - Google Patents
Liquid-phase jet balling method and system for solid substances Download PDFInfo
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- CN110115959B CN110115959B CN201810110827.6A CN201810110827A CN110115959B CN 110115959 B CN110115959 B CN 110115959B CN 201810110827 A CN201810110827 A CN 201810110827A CN 110115959 B CN110115959 B CN 110115959B
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- B01J2/00—Processes or devices for granulating materials, e.g. fertilisers in general; Rendering particulate materials free flowing in general, e.g. making them hydrophobic
- B01J2/02—Processes or devices for granulating materials, e.g. fertilisers in general; Rendering particulate materials free flowing in general, e.g. making them hydrophobic by dividing the liquid material into drops, e.g. by spraying, and solidifying the drops
- B01J2/06—Processes or devices for granulating materials, e.g. fertilisers in general; Rendering particulate materials free flowing in general, e.g. making them hydrophobic by dividing the liquid material into drops, e.g. by spraying, and solidifying the drops in a liquid medium
Abstract
The embodiment of the invention relates to the industrial field and discloses a liquid-phase jet balling method and a device for solid substances. The invention provides a liquid phase jet flow balling method of a solid substance, which is characterized in that a molten substance is introduced into a fluid working medium from an incident port at a preset volume flow rate to form jet flow, the jet flow forms a liquid drop group in the fluid working medium, and liquid drops in the liquid drop group form spherical liquid drops in the fluid working medium; wherein the preset volume flow rate is greater than or equal to a first preset threshold; the fluid working medium meets preset conditions, and the preset conditions comprise: the fluid working medium is not dissolved with the molten state material, and the density of the fluid working medium is not equal to that of the molten state material; and the dynamic viscosity of the fluid working medium and the dynamic viscosity of the molten state substance in the area where the incident port is located are both smaller than a second preset threshold value. The liquid-phase jet pelletizing method of the solid substance is suitable for the field of various materials, and is convenient and safe to apply, high in forming degree, uniform in particle size, high in pelletizing speed and high in productivity.
Description
Technical Field
The embodiment of the invention relates to the industrial field, in particular to a liquid-phase jet balling method and a liquid-phase jet balling system for solid substances.
Background
In several material fields, shaping of solid materials is required, and in some cases, the solid materials are required to be made into a spherical shape in order to meet various application requirements and/or to improve flowability of the solid materials, and the like.
In the field of metal materials, some metal materials need to be processed into balls: such as bearing balls of steel balls, iron balls and the like, most of the bearing balls adopt a balling process combining die pressing and lathe polishing; the ball-point pen is made up by using ball spinning forming technique, using steel wire punching shear or forming forging to form small square block, then grinding it into ball, and its accuracy is related to spinning pressure and rotating speed.
In the field of inorganic non-metallic materials, the currently common methods for forming alumina balls include roll forming, isostatic pressing, spray granulation, and the like. Wherein the rolling forming method and the isostatic pressing forming method are generally used for preparing the conventional catalyst carrier and/or the inert ceramic ball; the particle size of the alumina ball prepared by the spray granulation method is generally less than 200 mu m; in addition, for some nano and micron inorganic microsphere materials, flame balling, high-temperature melt spraying, chemical precipitation, sol-gel and other preparation processes are also available.
In the field of organic materials, plastic processing generally adopts plastic forming methods such as blow molding, injection, extrusion and the like; the plastic ball is produced by an injection molding or blow molding method, and comprises a series of procedures of blank making, ball polishing, cleaning, fine grinding, polishing and the like.
Wax material balling is usually carried out by spray granulation, and is mainly used for producing small-particle wax ball products with the size less than 1 mm. Spray granulation is to melt solid wax, spray the melted solid wax from an atomizer to form fine wax balls, and cool the wax balls in a flowing gas atmosphere to settle. The granulation mode has high requirements on equipment and high operation/maintenance cost, and the production is usually carried out in an air system, so that dust and explosion hazards exist. The other pelletizing method is water phase liquid drop pelletizing, which utilizes the insolubility of wax and water to introduce molten solid wax slowly into water from the material outlet port, forms liquid drop in the port by means of the surface tension of wax, and the liquid drop is floated upwards and cooled in water to obtain wax ball product in certain size. The wax ball prepared by the method has regular particles, good sphericity and relatively simple, convenient and safe equipment and operation, but the water phase liquid drop granulation is still in the starting stage at present, the productivity is also limited by the technical principle, and the wax ball can not be applied in a large scale.
The inventor finds that the prior material balling technology has the following problems: for metal, inorganic nonmetal, organic materials and the like, the ball making speed is low by adopting a polishing method, and the requirements on a die and a grinding tool are high; the diameter of the ball body obtained by adopting a spray granulation method is limited for inorganic nonmetal, organic materials and the like, and certain potential safety hazards exist; for wax materials, the aqueous phase droplet granulation method has no potential safety hazard, but is influenced by the limitation of granulation speed to be applied on a large scale.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a liquid-phase jet balling method and a liquid-phase jet balling system for solid substances. The pelletizing method is convenient and safe to apply, high in forming degree, uniform in particle size, high in pelletizing speed and high in productivity.
In order to solve the technical problem, an embodiment of the present invention provides a liquid-phase jet balling method for a solid substance, including the following steps:
introducing a molten state substance into a fluid working medium from an incident port at a preset volume flow rate to form jet flow, wherein the jet flow forms a droplet group in the fluid working medium, and droplets in the droplet group form spherical droplets in the fluid working medium;
wherein the preset volume flow rate is greater than or equal to a first preset threshold;
the fluid working medium meets preset conditions, and the preset conditions comprise: the fluid working medium is not dissolved with the molten state material, and the density of the fluid working medium is not equal to that of the molten state material;
and the dynamic viscosity of the fluid working medium and the dynamic viscosity of the molten state substance in the area where the incident port is located are both smaller than a second preset threshold value.
The embodiment of the invention also provides a liquid-phase jet balling system for solid substances, which applies the liquid-phase jet balling method for the solid substances and comprises the following steps: an incident port of a molten state substance and a forming tower containing a fluid working medium;
the incident port of the molten state substance is immersed in the fluid working medium and is used for introducing the molten state substance into the fluid working medium from the incident port at a preset volume flow rate to form jet flow, the jet flow forms a droplet group in the fluid working medium, and droplets in the droplet group form spherical droplets in the fluid working medium;
wherein the preset volume flow rate is greater than or equal to a first preset threshold;
the fluid working medium meets preset conditions, and the preset conditions comprise: the fluid working medium is not dissolved with the molten state substance, and the density of the fluid working medium is not equal to that of the molten state substance;
and the dynamic viscosity of the fluid working medium and the dynamic viscosity of the molten state substance in the area where the incident port is located are both smaller than a second preset threshold value.
Compared with the prior art, the embodiment of the invention provides a novel molten state material balling method which overturns the technical principle of the aqueous phase droplet pelleting method and overcomes the technical limitation thereof, the molten state material is introduced into a fluid working medium from an incident port at a preset volume flow rate to form jet flow, the jet flow forms a droplet group in the fluid working medium, and droplets in the droplet group form spherical droplets in the fluid working medium; wherein the preset volumetric flow rate is greater than or equal to a first preset threshold to form a jet; the liquid working medium is immiscible with the molten state substance, so that the molten state substance liquid drop can form spherical liquid drop under the action of interfacial tension; the density of the fluid working medium is not equal to that of the molten state material, so that the spherical liquid drops can move under the action of the resultant force to leave the area where the incident port of the molten state material is located; the dynamic viscosity of the fluid working medium and the dynamic viscosity of the molten state substance in the area where the incident port of the molten state substance is located are both smaller than a second preset threshold value, so that jet flow formed by the molten state substance in the area where the incident port is located can be dispersed into a droplet group, the molten state substance is introduced into the fluid working medium meeting the conditions at a preset volume flow rate which is larger than or equal to the first preset threshold value, the jet flow of the molten state substance is dispersed to form the droplet group, and droplets in the droplet group form spherical droplets in the fluid working medium. The jet flow balling method is suitable for various material fields, and has the advantages of convenient and safe application, high forming degree, uniform particle size, high balling speed and high productivity.
In addition, the relationship between the preset volume flow rate and the sphere diameter of the liquid drop is as follows: when the preset volume flow rate is controlled to be larger than or equal to the first preset threshold value, the balling diameter of the liquid drop is equivalent to 3 times of the inner diameter of the incident port. The preset volume flow rate has a certain relation with the balling diameter of the liquid drop, and the globular liquid drop with the diameter which is 3 times of the inner diameter of the incident port can be obtained by controlling the preset volume flow rate of the molten state material.
In addition, the relationship between the preset volume flow rate and the sphere diameter of the liquid drop is as follows: when the preset volume flow rate is controlled to be larger than or equal to the critical speed of the molten state substance, the liquid drop group comprises two liquid drops; the diameter of one liquid drop is 3 times of the inner diameter of the incident port; the spherical diameter of the other liquid drop is equivalent to the inner diameter of the incident port; wherein the critical velocity is greater than the escape velocity. The preset volume flow rate and the balling diameter of the liquid drop have another relation, and the balling diameter of one liquid drop is 3 times of the inner diameter of the incident port; the spherical diameter of the other droplet corresponds to the inner diameter of the entrance port. The inner diameter of the entrance port may be an equivalent inner diameter.
In addition, the incident port is a single port or an array port. The user can choose to use a single port or an array of ports depending on the number of spheres to be made, to increase the rate of spheronization of the molten mass.
In addition, the incident port is circular. An implementation of an ingress port is provided.
In addition, the molten state substance is wax, and the fluid working medium is water. The possibility of a molten mass and a fluid working substance is provided.
Drawings
One or more embodiments are illustrated by way of example in the accompanying drawings, which correspond to the figures in which like reference numerals refer to similar elements and which are not to scale unless otherwise specified.
FIG. 1 is a flow diagram showing a specific method of liquid-phase jet balling of solid materials according to a first embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic illustration of the effect of using a single port for a wax and water test in a liquid phase jet pelletizing system for solid materials according to a second embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the effect of using a 3x3 array of ports in a wax and water test in a liquid phase jet spheronization system of solid matter according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more apparent, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, it will be appreciated by those of ordinary skill in the art that numerous technical details are set forth in order to provide a better understanding of the present application in various embodiments of the present invention. However, the technical solution claimed in the present application can be implemented without these technical details and various changes and modifications based on the following embodiments.
A first embodiment of the present invention relates to a liquid-phase jet-balling process for solid materials. The core of this embodiment is shown in fig. 1. In step 101, a molten mass is provided; in step 102, a molten state substance is introduced into a fluid working medium from an incident port at a preset volume flow rate to form a jet flow, the jet flow forms a droplet group in the fluid working medium, and droplets in the droplet group form spherical droplets in the fluid working medium. Wherein the preset volume flow rate is greater than or equal to a first preset threshold; the fluid working medium meets preset conditions, and the preset conditions comprise: the fluid working medium is not dissolved with the molten state material, and the density of the fluid working medium is not equal to that of the molten state material; and the dynamic viscosity of the fluid working medium and the dynamic viscosity of the molten state substance in the area where the incident port is located are both smaller than a second preset threshold value.
The liquid-phase jet pelletizing method of the embodiment is suitable for various material fields, is convenient and safe to apply, and has the advantages of high forming degree, uniform particle size, high pelletizing speed and high productivity, and the specific description is given below.
In practical application, the working principle of the aqueous phase droplet granulation method is as follows: when a molten state substance is introduced into a fluid working medium which is not dissolved with the molten state substance, if the dynamic viscosity of the molten state substance and the fluid working medium is small (namely, the fluidity is good), the molten state substance can form gradually-growing approximately spherical liquid drops attached to an incident port at the incident port of the molten state substance under the action of interfacial tension between the fluid working medium and the molten state substance; in the gravitational field, the droplets will be subjected to buoyancy. According to the Archimedes principle, the sum of the buoyancy and the gravity borne by a uniform object is called net force, and the following formula is satisfied:
in the above-mentioned formula (1),
is the net force, V, exerted on the molten substance drops in the fluid working medium0Volume of material in molten state, p0Is the density of the molten mass, pωThe density of the fluid working medium is,
is the acceleration of gravity.
That is, in the gravity field, the net force of the object in the fluid working medium is in direct proportion to the volume of the object and the density difference between the object and the fluid working medium, and if the density of the object is greater than that of the fluid working medium, the net force of the object is in the same direction as the gravity; if the density of the object is less than the density of the fluid, the net force and gravity on the object are opposite. Thus, when the drop volume is gradually increased such that the net force it is subjected to is sufficient to overcome the viscous forces between the drop and the molten material at the incident end and between the drop and the material/end face of the incident port, the drop will break free from the incident port, become wholly immersed in the fluid working substance, and move in the direction of the net force. In the movement process, the liquid drops tend to be ideal spheres under the action of interfacial tension between the fluid working medium and the molten state substance. If a temperature gradient which decreases progressively along the movement direction of the liquid drops is arranged in the fluid working medium, the spherical liquid drops are gradually cooled and solidified into spherical solids in the movement process. The granulating method has the advantages of high sphericity of finished products, narrow particle size distribution and the like.
In addition, when the object moves in the fluid working medium, the fluid working medium can generate resistance to the moving object. If the relative movement speed of the object and the fluid working medium is not high, the resistance of the fluid working medium to the object is approximately in direct proportion to the relative movement speed; if the relative velocity of the object and the fluid working medium is high, the resistance of the fluid working medium to the object is approximately proportional to the square of the relative velocity, and so on. Thus, if the movement of an object in a fluid working medium is driven solely by the net force, there must be a limit speed, also referred to as terminal speed, i.e. the speed of movement of the object when the net force experienced by the object and the resistance to movement of the object by the fluid working medium cancel each other out. If the body is driven by a net force only, the speed of movement of the body relative to the fluid working substance approaches only infinitely but cannot exceed the terminal speed.
Therefore, in the practical aqueous phase droplet granulation process, the volume flow rate of the molten substance at the incident port satisfies the following conditions:
in the formula, SOIs the volume flow velocity, V, of the molten material at the outlet of the incident endOIs the exit linear velocity of the molten mass at the exit of the incident end, AOIs the cross-sectional area, S, of the molten mass at the outlet of the inletEIs the escape velocity of the spherical drop of the molten state material near the incident end, R is the spherical radius of the spherical drop, VTIs the terminal velocity of the spherical liquid drop in the fluid working medium.
The above expression (2) shows: the volume flow rate of the molten substance at the incident end of the molten substance is far less than the escape speed of the spherical liquid drops near the incident end, otherwise, the necessary condition for forming the liquid drops is destroyed, and the molten substance is formed into a rod shape, a sugarcoated haws string shape and the like. This also results in a limitation of the spheronization speed and the granulation capacity of the aqueous phase droplet granulation process.
If the cross-sectional shape of the molten material inlet port is circular, the above expression (2) can be simplified,
in the formula, d is the inner diameter of an outlet of the incident end; d is the diameter of the spherical droplet.
The diameter D of the spherical liquid drop obtained by the water-phase liquid drop granulation method depends on the viscosity of the molten state substance (the ball diameter is larger when the viscosity is higher), the volume flow rate of the molten state substance (the ball diameter is smaller when the flow rate is higher), the contact angle of the molten state substance and the material of the incident port (the ball diameter is larger when the contact angle is smaller), the area of the incident port (which is strongly related to the contact angle), the density difference of the molten state substance and the fluid working medium (the ball diameter is smaller when the density difference is larger), and other factors.
The liquid-phase jet-flow balling method of the solid substance in the embodiment provides a novel method for balling the molten substance, which subverts the technical principle of the aqueous-phase droplet pelleting method and overcomes the technical limitation of the method.
The first preset threshold is specifically an escape speed of the spherical liquid drop in a region where the incident port of the molten material is located. S for a predetermined volume flow rateOThe escape velocity is represented by SEDenotes SOGreater than or equal to a first preset threshold value, i.e. SO≥SE. The predetermined volumetric flow rate causes the molten mass to form a continuous flow at its incident port, called a jet. Wherein the escape velocity SECan be obtained by the following calculation formula:
SE＝(4πR2·VT)/3 (4)
in the above formula (4), R is the radius of the spherical droplet, VTThe terminal velocity of a molten state material in a fluid working medium in a spherical shape (the terminal velocity is the moving velocity of the object relative to the fluid working medium when the net force applied to the object and the resistance of the fluid working medium to the movement of the object offset each other).
The preset conditions met by the fluid working medium comprise:
the first condition is as follows: the fluid working medium is not compatible with the molten state substance (the intersolubility is sufficiently small so that the respective physical properties are basically unchanged), so that an interface exists between the molten state substance and the fluid working medium, and therefore, the interface tension exists. The jet flow moves in the fluid working medium, the jet flow is diverged due to the fluid working medium to form a droplet group, and the droplet tends to be spherical under the action of interfacial tension, so that spherical droplets are formed.
And a second condition: the density of the fluid working medium is not equal to that of the molten state substance, so that the liquid drop group can leave the area where the incident port of the molten state substance is located under the driving of the net force exerted on the liquid drop group.
In addition, the dynamic viscosity of the fluid working medium and the dynamic viscosity of the molten state substance in the area where the incident port is located are both smaller than a second preset threshold value, so that the fluid working medium and the molten state substance in the incident end and the neighborhood of the incident end have good fluidity, and jet flow formed by the molten state substance in the incident port can be dispersed in the fluid working medium to form a droplet group and tends to be spherical due to interface tension.
In this embodiment, the second preset threshold may be set to 10 centipoise. In practical application, the second preset threshold value can be specifically set according to the divergence/balling condition of the molten state substance, the value of the second preset threshold value is not limited in the invention, and any setting that the molten state substance can form jet flow at an incident port of the molten state substance, the jet flow can be dispersed, and liquid drops have sufficient time to relax into balls belongs to the protection scope of the invention.
The liquid-phase jet-flow ball forming method for the solid substance is suitable for the field of multiple materials, only the molten substance needs to be introduced into the fluid working medium meeting the conditions at the preset volume flow rate, the application is convenient, the forming degree is high, the particle size is uniform, and the preset volume flow rate of the molten substance is greater than or equal to the first preset threshold, so that the ball forming speed is high, and the productivity is high.
In addition, the liquid drops in the liquid drop group can form spherical solids in the fluid working medium. At this time, the preset condition further includes: the temperature of the fluid working medium is decreased from the incident port to the preset direction; wherein the preset direction satisfies the following conditions: when the density of the molten state substance is greater than that of the fluid working medium, the preset direction is the same as the gravity direction; when the density of the molten state substance is less than that of the fluid working medium, the preset direction is opposite to the gravity direction. And a temperature field which decreases from the molten state material inlet port to the moving direction of the spherical molten state material is arranged, so that the spherical liquid drops are gradually cooled and solidified in the moving process to form spherical solid.
In addition, the relationship between the preset volume flow rate and the sphere diameter of the liquid drop is as follows: when the preset volume flow rate is controlled to be larger than or equal to the first preset threshold value, the balling diameter of the liquid drop is equivalent to 3 times of the inner diameter of the incident port. When the volume velocity S is presetOGreater than or equal to the first preWhen setting the threshold value, i.e. SO≥SEIn a relatively large range of volumetric flow rates, the droplet divergence from the jet has a spherical diameter D of about 3 times the inner diameter D of the entrance port and a narrow distribution. The diameter of the spherical liquid drop is irrelevant to the material, the property, the shape and the like of an incident end, is weakly related to the preset volume flow rate (below the critical speed), and is weakly related to the viscosity of a molten substance. The spherical diameter of the droplet herein corresponds to 3 times the inner diameter of the entrance port, and means that the spherical diameter of the droplet is equal to or nearly equal to 3 times the inner diameter of the entrance port. I.e. it can be expressed that the absolute value of the difference between the diameter of the sphere of the droplet and 3 times the inner diameter of the entrance port is smaller than a third predetermined threshold, which can be set to 0.4mm, whereas in practical applications the absolute value of the difference between the diameter of the formed spherical droplet and 3 times the inner diameter of the entrance port is smaller for droplet spheres having a diameter smaller than 1.0 mm. It should be noted that, in practical applications, the inner diameter of the incident end may also be an equivalent inner diameter.
In addition, the relationship between the preset volume flow rate and the sphere diameter of the liquid drop is as follows: when the preset volume flow rate is controlled to be larger than or equal to the critical speed of the molten state substance, the liquid drop group comprises two liquid drops, wherein the balling diameter of one liquid drop is equal to 3 times of the inner diameter of the incident port; the spherical diameter of the other liquid drop is equivalent to the inner diameter of the incident port; wherein the critical velocity is greater than the escape velocity. Specifically, for a predetermined volume flow rate SOExistence of a critical velocity SC. The critical speed is larger than the escape speed S of the spherical liquid drop of the molten state substance in the area of the incident portEI.e. SC＞SE. If the volume flow rate S is presetOGreater than or equal to the critical speed, i.e. SO≥SCThe droplet group formed by the divergence of the molten state material jet flow comprises two droplets, wherein the balling diameter D of one droplet is about 3 times of the inner diameter D of the incident end, and the distribution is narrow; another diameter D of the globules2Corresponding to the inner diameter d of the incident port and having a narrow distribution. The balling diameters of the two liquid drops are irrelevant to the material, the property, the shape and the like of an incident end, are weakly relevant to the preset volume flow rate (above the critical speed), and are sticky to a molten state substanceThe degree of correlation is weak.
Where the droplet has a sphering diameter that is 3 times the inner diameter of the inlet port, this means that the droplet has a sphering diameter that is equal to or nearly equal to 3 times the inner diameter of the inlet port or equivalent inner diameter; the spherical diameter of the droplet corresponds to the inner diameter of the inlet port, meaning that the spherical diameter of the droplet is equal or nearly equal to the inner diameter of the inlet port or equivalent inner diameter. That is, it can be expressed that the absolute value of the difference between the diameter of the liquid droplet that forms the sphere and the inner diameter of the entrance port, which is 3 times, is smaller than the third preset threshold, and the difference between the diameter of the liquid droplet that forms the sphere and the inner diameter of the entrance port is smaller than the third preset threshold. The third predetermined threshold may be set to 0.4mm, and in practical applications, for a droplet ball with a diameter of less than 1.0 mm, the difference between the diameter of the formed spherical droplet and 3 times (or 1 times) the inner diameter of the entrance port is smaller. The specific value of the critical speed can be obtained through experiments, and the critical speeds of different molten state substances in different fluid working media are different.
Compared with the prior art, the embodiment provides a novel molten state material balling method which overturns the technical principle of the aqueous phase droplet pelleting method and overcomes the technical limitation thereof, the molten state material is introduced into the fluid working medium from the incident port at a preset volume flow rate to form jet flow, the jet flow forms droplet groups in the fluid working medium, and the droplets in the droplet groups form spherical droplets in the fluid working medium; wherein the preset volume flow rate is greater than or equal to a first preset threshold; the liquid working medium is immiscible with the molten state substance, so that the molten state substance liquid drop can form spherical liquid drop under the action of interfacial tension; the density of the fluid working medium is not equal to that of the molten state substance, so that the liquid drops in the liquid drop group can move under the action of the resultant force of the liquid drops so as to leave the area where the incident port of the molten state substance is located; the dynamic viscosity of the fluid working medium and the dynamic viscosity of the molten state substance in the area where the incident port of the molten state substance is located are both smaller than a second preset threshold value, so that jet flow formed by the molten state substance in the area where the incident port is located can be dispersed to form a droplet group, the molten state substance is introduced into the fluid working medium meeting the conditions at a preset volume flow rate which is larger than or equal to the first preset threshold value, the jet flow of the molten state substance is dispersed to form the droplet group, and droplets in the droplet group form spherical droplets in the fluid working medium. The jet flow balling method is suitable for various material fields, and has the advantages of convenient and safe application, high forming degree, uniform particle size, high balling speed and high productivity.
The second embodiment of the invention relates to a liquid-phase jet balling system for solid substances. The liquid phase jet balling method using the solid substance comprises the following steps: an incident port of a molten state substance and a forming tower containing a fluid working medium; the incident port of the molten state substance is immersed in the fluid working medium and is used for introducing the molten state substance into the fluid working medium from the incident port at a preset volume flow rate to form jet flow, the jet flow forms a droplet group in the fluid working medium, and droplets in the droplet group form spherical droplets in the fluid working medium; wherein the preset volume flow rate is greater than or equal to a first preset threshold; the fluid working medium meets preset conditions, and the preset conditions comprise: the fluid working medium is not dissolved with the molten state material, and the density of the fluid working medium is not equal to that of the molten state material; and the dynamic viscosity of the fluid working medium and the dynamic viscosity of the molten state substance in the area where the incident port is located are both smaller than a second preset threshold value.
Specifically, a molten state substance is introduced into a fluid working medium meeting the preset conditions at a preset volume flow rate, so that the molten state substance forms a continuous flow, namely a jet flow, at an incident port of the molten state substance, the jet flow forms a droplet group in the fluid working medium, and droplets in the droplet group form spherical droplets in the fluid working medium.
The first preset threshold is specifically an escape speed of the spherical liquid drop in a region where the incident port is located. The predetermined volume flow rate is SOThe escape velocity is represented by SEDenotes SOGreater than or equal to a first preset threshold. Namely SO≥SE. Here, the method of calculating the escape speed is the same as that in the first embodiment, and is not described again here.
The preset conditions met by the fluid working medium specifically comprise:
the first condition is as follows: the fluid working medium is not compatible with the molten state substance (the intersolubility is sufficiently small so that the respective physical properties are basically unchanged), so that an interface exists between the molten state substance and the fluid working medium, and therefore, the interface tension exists. The jet flow moves in the fluid working medium, the jet flow is diverged due to the fluid working medium to form a droplet group, and the droplet tends to be spherical under the action of interfacial tension, so that spherical droplets are formed.
And a second condition: the density of the fluid working medium is not equal to that of the molten state substance, so that the liquid drop group can leave the area where the incident port of the molten state substance is located under the driving of the net force exerted on the liquid drop group.
In addition, the dynamic viscosity of the fluid working medium and the dynamic viscosity of the molten state substance in the area where the incident port is located are both smaller than a second preset threshold value, so that the fluid working medium and the molten state substance in the incident end and the neighborhood of the incident end have good fluidity, and jet flow formed by the molten state substance in the incident port can be dispersed in the fluid working medium to form a droplet group and tends to be spherical due to interface tension.
In this embodiment, the second preset threshold may be set to 10 centipoise. In practical application, the second preset threshold value can be specifically set according to the divergence/balling condition of the molten state substance, the value of the second preset threshold value is not limited in the invention, and any setting that the molten state substance can form jet flow at an incident port of the molten state substance, the jet flow can be dispersed, and liquid drops have sufficient time to relax into balls belongs to the protection scope of the invention.
In addition, the spherical liquid drops form spherical solids in the fluid working medium; the preset conditions further include: the temperature of the fluid working medium is decreased from the incident port to the preset direction; wherein the preset direction satisfies the following conditions: when the density of the molten state substance is greater than that of the fluid working medium, the preset direction is the same as the gravity direction; when the density of the molten state substance is less than that of the fluid working medium, the preset direction is opposite to the gravity direction. And a temperature field which decreases from the molten state material inlet port to the moving direction of the spherical molten state material is arranged, so that the spherical liquid drops are gradually cooled and solidified in the moving process to form spherical solid.
Further, the incident port is circular. Since the diameter of the spherical droplet formed from the molten material is related to the inner diameter of the inlet port, the diameter of the spherical droplet corresponds to the inner diameter of the inlet port, or the diameter of the spherical droplet corresponds to 3 times the inner diameter of the inlet port. Therefore, the circular incident port is set, so that a user can set the inner diameter of the incident port according to the diameter of the needed ball body, and the use is convenient.
Further, the incident port is a single port or an array port. As shown in fig. 3, the array port consists of 3 × 3 single ports with the same inner diameter, and the balling speed of the molten substance is about 9 times that of the single port, so that the balling efficiency is greatly improved. In practical application, the number of ports included in the array ports is not limited, and a user can set the ports according to the own needs, and any setting for increasing the number of ports to improve the balling efficiency is within the protection scope of the embodiment.
Furthermore, the molten state substance is wax, and the fluid working medium is water. In practical application, the molten state substance can be wax, and the fluid working medium can be water. In practical application, the molten state substance may be a material in a molten state required by a user, and the user may select a fluid working medium satisfying the above conditions according to a material of a sphere to be formed.
In this embodiment, the second preset threshold may be set to 10 centipoise. In practical application, the second preset threshold value can be specifically set according to the divergence/balling condition of the molten state substance, the value of the second preset threshold value is not limited in the invention, and any setting that the molten state substance can form jet flow at an incident port of the molten state substance, the jet flow can be dispersed, and liquid drops have sufficient time to relax into balls belongs to the protection scope of the invention.
In order to explain the liquid-phase jet balling method and system for solid substances provided by the invention in detail, a wax/water system is taken as a test material, wherein wax is the solid substance to be balled, and water is a fluid working medium, so as to concretely explain the technical characteristics and advantages of the invention. The technical features and embodiments provided by the present invention include, and are not limited to, the specific technical parameters and data mentioned in the following experiments.
Wherein the spherical wax particles of various diameters are in water at 90 DEG CEscape velocity SESee table 1.
Table 1: terminal velocity of spherical wax particles of various diameters in 90 ℃ water
| Wax ball diameter (mm) | Terminal speed (m/s) | Wax ball diameter (mm) | Terminal speed (m/s) |
| 0.2 | 0.007 | 2 | 0.035 |
| 0.5 | 0.014 | 3 | 0.045 |
| 0.6 | 0.015 | 4 | 0.05 |
| 1.0 | 0.02 | 4.5 | 0.06 |
| 1.5 | 0.03 | 5 | 0.06 |
Comparative examples 1 and 2 below are experimental data and experimental phenomena when the volumetric flow rate is set to be much less than the escape rate.
Comparative example 1: synthetic wax with the melting point of 70 ℃ and water are used as working media. The nozzle at the incident end is circular, the inner diameter d of the nozzle is 0.8mm, the outer diameter De is 1.6mm, the incident end is made of stainless steel, the temperature of the incident end is 95 ℃, and the kinematic viscosity of the molten wax is about 6.5mm2And/s, the temperature of the working medium near the outlet of the incident end is 95 ℃, and the volume flow rate of the molten wax at the outlet of the incident end is as follows: 500ml/h, the wax spheres overflowed from the inlet port and rose in the water particle by particle, giving wax sphere particles with a diameter of 4mm to 5 mm.
Comparative example 2: synthetic wax with the melting point of 70 ℃ and water are used as working media. The nozzle at the incident end is circular, the inner diameter d of the nozzle is 0.2mm, the outer diameter De is 0.4mm, the incident end is made of quartz glass, the outer wall of the incident end is a polyimide coating, the temperature of the incident end is 95 ℃, and the kinematic viscosity of the molten wax is about equal to 6.5mm2And/s, the temperature of the working medium near the outlet of the incident end is 95 ℃, and the volume flow rate of the molten wax at the outlet of the incident end is as follows: 90ml/h, the wax spheres overflowed from the inlet port and rose in the water, giving wax sphere particles about 1.5mm in diameter.
It can be seen that in the above comparative example, the test conducted by taking the example that the volume flow rate is much smaller than the escape velocity, the obtained wax ball particle diameter has no fixed relation with the inner diameter of the incident port, and only wax ball particles of one diameter are obtained. The following tests one to fifteen are specific tests of the liquid-phase jet ball forming method for the solid substance in the present embodiment in the liquid-phase jet ball forming system for the solid substance in the present embodiment, and the obtained wax ball diameter corresponds to the inner diameter of the entrance port, or the obtained wax ball diameter corresponds to 3 times the inner diameter of the entrance port. The following fifteen sets of data can fully demonstrate the feasibility of the solution of the present application.
Test one: using synthetic wax with melting point of 70 deg.C, making the nozzle at the incident end be circular, making the inner diameter d of incident end be 1mm, and placingThe temperature of the injection end is 95 ℃, and the kinematic viscosity of the molten wax is equal to or equal to 6.5mm2And/s, the temperature of the working medium near the outlet of the incident end is 95 ℃, and the volume flow rate of the molten wax at the outlet of the incident end is as follows: 1800ml/h, forming jet flow at the outlet of the incident end, wherein the length of the jet flow is about 1cm, and the diameter of the obtained wax ball particles is about 3 mm.
And (2) test II: the synthetic wax with the melting point of 70 ℃ is adopted, the nozzle at the incident end is circular, the inner diameter d of the incident end is 1mm, the temperature of the incident end is 95 ℃, and the kinematic viscosity of the molten wax is equal to about 6.5mm2And/s, the temperature of the working medium near the outlet of the incident end is 95 ℃, and the volume flow rate of the molten wax at the outlet of the incident end is as follows: 4000ml/h, forming jet flow at the outlet of the incident end, wherein the length of the jet flow is about 3cm, and the diameter of the obtained wax ball particles is about 3 mm.
And (3) test III: the synthetic wax with the melting point of 70 ℃ is adopted, the nozzle at the incident end is circular, the inner diameter d of the incident end is 1mm, the temperature of the incident end is 95 ℃, and the kinematic viscosity of the molten wax is equal to about 6.5mm2And/s, the temperature of the working medium near the outlet of the incident end is 95 ℃, and the volume flow rate of the molten wax at the outlet of the incident end is as follows: 5300ml/h, forming jet flow at the outlet of the incident end, wherein the length of the jet flow is equal to 4cm, and obtaining two distributions of wax ball particles with the diameter equal to 3mm and 1 mm.
And (4) testing: the synthetic wax with the melting point of 70 ℃ is adopted, the nozzle at the incident end is circular, the inner diameter d of the incident end is 1mm, the temperature of the incident end is 95 ℃, and the kinematic viscosity of the molten wax is equal to about 6.5mm2And/s, the temperature of the working medium near the outlet of the incident end is 95 ℃, and the volume flow rate of the molten wax at the outlet of the incident end is as follows: 6500ml/h, forming jet flow at the outlet of the incident end, wherein the length of the jet flow is about 5cm, and obtaining two distributions of wax ball particles with the diameter about 3mm and about 1 mm.
And (5) testing: adopting synthetic wax with melting point of 65 deg.C, making the nozzle at incident end be circular, making the inner diameter d of incident end be 0.2mm, making the incident end be 95 deg.C, and making the kinematic viscosity of molten wax be about 6mm2And/s, the temperature of the working medium near the outlet of the incident end is 95 ℃, and the volume flow rate of the molten wax at the outlet of the incident end is as follows: 150ml/h, forming jet flow at the outlet of the incident end, wherein the length of the jet flow is about 0.5cm, and the diameter of the obtained wax ball particles is about 0.6 mm.
And (6) test six: adopting synthetic wax with melting point of 65 deg.C, making the injection end nozzle be circular, making the internal diameter d of injection end be 0.2mm, making the temperature of injection end be 96 deg.C, and making the kinematic viscosity of molten wax be about 6mm2And/s, the temperature of the working medium near the outlet of the incident end is 96 ℃, and the volume flow rate of the molten wax at the outlet of the incident end is as follows: 240ml/h, forming a jet at the outlet of the incident end, wherein the length of the jet is about 1.5cm, and obtaining wax ball particles with the diameter about 0.6mm (as shown in figure 2).
Test seven: adopting synthetic wax with melting point of 65 deg.C, making the injection end nozzle be circular, making the internal diameter d of injection end be 0.2mm, making the temperature of injection end be 96 deg.C, and making the kinematic viscosity of molten wax be about 6mm2And/s, the temperature of the working medium near the outlet of the incident end is 96 ℃, and the volume flow rate of the molten wax at the outlet of the incident end is as follows: 300ml/h, forming jet flow at the outlet of the incident end, wherein the length of the jet flow is about equal to 2cm, and obtaining two distributions of wax ball particles with the diameter about equal to 0.6mm and the diameter about equal to 0.2 mm.
And (eight) test: adopting synthetic wax with melting point of 65 deg.C, making the injection end nozzle be circular, making the internal diameter d of injection end be 0.2mm, making the temperature of injection end be 96 deg.C, and making the kinematic viscosity of molten wax be about 6mm2And/s, the temperature of the working medium near the outlet of the incident end is 96 ℃, and the volume flow rate of the molten wax at the outlet of the incident end is as follows: 420ml/h, forming a jet at the outlet of the incident end, wherein the length of the jet is equal to about 3cm, and obtaining two distributions of wax ball particles with the diameter equal to about 0.6mm and about 0.2 mm.
Test nine: synthetic wax with melting point of 80 deg.C is adopted, the nozzle at incident end is circular, the inner diameter d of incident end is 0.5mm, the temperature at incident end is 97 deg.C, and the kinematic viscosity of molten wax is about 10mm2And/s, the temperature of the working medium near the outlet of the incident end is 97 ℃, and the volume flow rate of the molten wax at the outlet of the incident end is as follows: 400ml/h, forming jet flow at the outlet of the incident end, wherein the length of the jet flow is about equal to 1.5cm, and the diameter of the obtained wax ball particles is about equal to 1.5 mm.
Test ten: synthetic wax with melting point of 80 deg.C is adopted, the nozzle at incident end is circular, the inner diameter d of incident end is 0.5mm, the temperature at incident end is 97 deg.C, and the kinematic viscosity of molten wax is about 10mm2And/s, the temperature of the working medium near the outlet of the incident end is 97 ℃, and the volume flow rate of the molten wax at the outlet of the incident end is as follows:1100ml/h, forming jet flow at the outlet of the incident end, wherein the length of the jet flow is about 3cm, and the diameter of the obtained wax ball particles is about 1.5 mm.
Test eleven: synthetic wax with melting point of 80 deg.C is adopted, the nozzle at incident end is circular, the inner diameter d of incident end is 0.5mm, the temperature at incident end is 97 deg.C, and the kinematic viscosity of molten wax is about 10mm2And/s, the temperature of the working medium near the outlet of the incident end is 97 ℃, and the volume flow rate of the molten wax at the outlet of the incident end is as follows: 1350ml/h, and a jet is formed at the outlet of the incident end, the length of the jet is equal to about 3cm, and two distributions of wax ball particles with the diameter equal to about 1.5mm and the diameter equal to about 0.5mm are obtained.
Test twelve: synthetic wax with melting point of 80 deg.C is adopted, the nozzle at incident end is circular, the inner diameter d of incident end is 0.5mm, the temperature at incident end is 97 deg.C, and the kinematic viscosity of molten wax is about 10mm2And/s, the temperature of the working medium near the outlet of the incident end is 97 ℃, and the volume flow rate of the molten wax at the outlet of the incident end is as follows: 1630ml/h, forming a jet at the outlet of the incident end, wherein the length of the jet is about 3.5cm, and obtaining two distributions with the wax ball particle diameter about 1.5mm and about 0.5 mm.
Test thirteen: the synthetic wax with the melting point of 70 ℃ is adopted, the incident end is a 3X3 nozzle array, the nozzle is circular, the inner diameter d of the incident end is 1mm, the temperature of the incident end is 95 ℃, and the kinematic viscosity of the molten wax is about equal to 6.5mm2And/s, the temperature of the working medium near the outlet of the incident end is 95 ℃, and the total volume flow rate of the molten wax at the outlet of the incident end is as follows: 36L/h, forming jet flow at the outlet of each incident end, wherein the length of the jet flow is equal to 3cm, and the diameter of the obtained wax ball particles is equal to 3 mm.
Fourteen experiments: the synthetic wax with the melting point of 70 ℃ is adopted, the incident end is a 3X3 nozzle array, the nozzle is circular, the inner diameter d of the incident end is 1mm, the temperature of the incident end is 95 ℃, and the kinematic viscosity of the molten wax is about equal to 6.5mm2And/s, the temperature of the working medium near the outlet of the incident end is 95 ℃, and the total volume flow rate of the molten wax at the outlet of the incident end is as follows: 50L/h, and a jet is formed at the outlet of each incident end, the length of the jet is equal to 4cm, and two distributions (shown in figure 3) of wax ball particles with the diameter equal to 3mm and 1mm are obtained.
Test fifteen: by melting pointSynthetic wax of 85 deg.C, 3X3 nozzle array at incident end, circular nozzle with inner diameter d of 1mm at incident end, incident end temperature of 97 deg.C, and kinematic viscosity of molten wax equal to about 12mm2And/s, the temperature of the working medium near the outlet of the incident end is 97 ℃, and the total volume flow rate of the molten wax at the outlet of the incident end is as follows: 41L/h, forming jet flow at the outlet of each incident end, wherein the length of the jet flow is about 3cm, and the diameter of the obtained wax ball particles is about 3 mm.
Compared with the prior art, the implementation mode comprises the following steps: an incident port of a molten state substance and a forming tower containing a fluid working medium; the incident port of the molten state substance is immersed in the fluid working medium and is used for introducing the molten state substance into the fluid working medium from the incident port at a preset volume flow rate to form jet flow, the jet flow forms a droplet group in the fluid working medium, and droplets in the droplet group form spherical droplets in the fluid working medium; wherein the preset volume flow rate is greater than or equal to a first preset threshold; the fluid working medium meets preset conditions, and the preset conditions comprise: the fluid working medium is not dissolved with the molten state substance, so that the molten state substance can form spherical liquid drops under the action of interfacial tension; the density of the fluid working medium is not equal to that of the molten state substance, so that the molten state substance liquid drop can move under the action of the resultant force to leave the area where the incident port of the molten state substance is located; the dynamic viscosity of the fluid working medium and the dynamic viscosity of the molten state substance in the area where the incident port of the molten state substance is located are both smaller than a second preset threshold value, so that jet flow formed by the molten state substance in the area where the incident port is located can be dispersed into a droplet group. And introducing the molten state substance into the fluid working medium meeting the conditions at a preset volume flow rate which is greater than or equal to a first preset threshold value, wherein the jet flow of the molten state substance is diverged to form a droplet group, and the droplets in the droplet group form spherical droplets in the fluid working medium. The jet flow balling system is suitable for various material fields, is convenient and safe to apply, has high balling speed and high yield, and forms spherical liquid drops with high forming degree and uniform particle size.
It should be understood that this embodiment is a system example corresponding to the first embodiment, and may be implemented in cooperation with the first embodiment. The related technical details mentioned in the first embodiment are still valid in this embodiment, and are not described herein again in order to reduce repetition. Accordingly, the related-art details mentioned in the present embodiment can also be applied to the first embodiment.
It will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that the foregoing embodiments are specific examples for carrying out the invention, and that various changes in form and details may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention in practice.
Claims (6)
1. A liquid phase jet balling method for solid substances is characterized by comprising the following steps:
introducing a molten state substance into a fluid working medium from an incident port at a preset volume flow rate to form jet flow, wherein the jet flow forms a liquid drop group in the fluid working medium, and liquid drops in the liquid drop group form spherical liquid drops in the fluid working medium;
the relationship between the preset volume flow rate and the balling diameter of the liquid drop is as follows: when the preset volume flow rate is larger than or equal to the first preset threshold, the balling diameter of the liquid drop is equal to 3 times of the inner diameter of the incident port;
alternatively, the first and second electrodes may be,
the relationship between the preset volume flow rate and the balling diameter of the liquid drop is as follows: when the preset volume flow rate is larger than or equal to the critical speed of the molten state substance, the liquid drop group comprises two liquid drops, wherein the balling diameter of one liquid drop is equal to 3 times of the inner diameter of the incident port; the spherical diameter of the other liquid drop is equivalent to the inner diameter of the incident port; the critical speed is greater than the escape speed;
wherein the preset volume flow rate is greater than or equal to a first preset threshold, and the first preset threshold is an escape speed of the droplets in the droplet group in a region where the incident port is located;
the fluid working medium meets preset conditions, and the preset conditions comprise: the fluid working medium is not dissolved with the molten state substance, and the density of the fluid working medium is not equal to that of the molten state substance;
and the dynamic viscosity of the fluid working medium and the dynamic viscosity of the molten state substance in the area of the incident port are both smaller than a second preset threshold value, so that the molten state substance forms jet flow at the incident port and is dispersed in the fluid working medium to form a droplet group.
2. A liquid phase jet balling process for solid materials as in claim 1 wherein the spherical droplets form spherical solids in the fluid working fluid; the preset conditions further include:
the temperature of the fluid working medium is decreased from the incident port to the preset direction;
wherein the preset direction satisfies the following condition:
when the density of the molten state substance is greater than that of the fluid working medium, the preset direction is the same as the gravity direction; and when the density of the molten state substance is less than that of the fluid working medium, the preset direction is opposite to the gravity direction.
3. A liquid-phase jet pelletizing system for solid materials, characterized in that the liquid-phase jet pelletizing method for solid materials according to any one of the preceding claims 1 to 2 is applied, and comprises: an incident port of a molten state substance and a forming tower containing a fluid working medium;
the incident port of the molten state substance is immersed in the fluid working medium and is used for introducing the molten state substance into the fluid working medium from the incident port at a preset volume flow rate to form jet flow, the jet flow forms a droplet group in the fluid working medium, and droplets in the droplet group form spherical droplets in the fluid working medium;
the relationship between the preset volume flow rate and the balling diameter of the liquid drop is as follows: when the preset volume flow rate is larger than or equal to the first preset threshold, the balling diameter of the liquid drop is equal to 3 times of the inner diameter of the incident port;
alternatively, the first and second electrodes may be,
the relationship between the preset volume flow rate and the balling diameter of the liquid drop is as follows: when the preset volume flow rate is larger than or equal to the critical speed of the molten state substance, the liquid drop group comprises two liquid drops, wherein the balling diameter of one liquid drop is equal to 3 times of the inner diameter of the incident port; the spherical diameter of the other liquid drop is equivalent to the inner diameter of the incident port; the critical speed is greater than the escape speed;
wherein the preset volume flow rate is greater than or equal to a first preset threshold, and the first preset threshold is an escape speed of the droplets in the droplet group in a region where the incident port is located;
the fluid working medium meets preset conditions, and the preset conditions comprise: the fluid working medium is not dissolved with the molten state substance, and the density of the fluid working medium is not equal to that of the molten state substance;
and the dynamic viscosity of the fluid working medium and the dynamic viscosity of the molten state substance in the area of the incident port are both smaller than a second preset threshold value, so that the molten state substance forms jet flow at the incident port and is dispersed in the fluid working medium to form the droplet group.
4. A liquid jet pelletizing system for solid materials according to claim 3, characterized in that the entrance port is circular.
5. A liquid jet pelletizing system for solid materials according to claim 3, characterized in that the entry port is a single port or an array of ports.
6. A liquid phase jet pelletizing system for solid materials according to any one of claims 3 to 5, characterized in that the molten material is wax and the fluid working substance is water.
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| CN1867516A (en) * | 2003-10-16 | 2006-11-22 | 原子燃料工业株式会社 | Dropping nozzle device, device for recovering dropping undiluted solution, device for supplying dropping undiluted solution, device for solidifying surface of droplet, device for circulating aqueous a |
| CN102895927A (en) * | 2012-10-23 | 2013-01-30 | 中国科学技术大学 | Grain size controllable monodisperse polyvinyl alcohol gel microsphere, preparation method thereof and applied device |
| JP2016160442A (en) * | 2015-02-26 | 2016-09-05 | 住友金属鉱山株式会社 | Manufacturing apparatus and manufacturing method of solder ball |
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| CN1867516A (en) * | 2003-10-16 | 2006-11-22 | 原子燃料工业株式会社 | Dropping nozzle device, device for recovering dropping undiluted solution, device for supplying dropping undiluted solution, device for solidifying surface of droplet, device for circulating aqueous a |
| CN102895927A (en) * | 2012-10-23 | 2013-01-30 | 中国科学技术大学 | Grain size controllable monodisperse polyvinyl alcohol gel microsphere, preparation method thereof and applied device |
| JP2016160442A (en) * | 2015-02-26 | 2016-09-05 | 住友金属鉱山株式会社 | Manufacturing apparatus and manufacturing method of solder ball |
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