CN110113858B - Minimum Q value self-excitation tuning system and tuning method - Google Patents
Minimum Q value self-excitation tuning system and tuning method Download PDFInfo
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- CN110113858B CN110113858B CN201910455454.0A CN201910455454A CN110113858B CN 110113858 B CN110113858 B CN 110113858B CN 201910455454 A CN201910455454 A CN 201910455454A CN 110113858 B CN110113858 B CN 110113858B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05H—PLASMA TECHNIQUE; PRODUCTION OF ACCELERATED ELECTRICALLY-CHARGED PARTICLES OR OF NEUTRONS; PRODUCTION OR ACCELERATION OF NEUTRAL MOLECULAR OR ATOMIC BEAMS
- H05H7/00—Details of devices of the types covered by groups H05H9/00, H05H11/00, H05H13/00
- H05H7/14—Vacuum chambers
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Abstract
The invention relates to a minimum Q value self-excitation tuning system and a tuning method, wherein the minimum Q value self-excitation tuning system comprises a self-excitation module, a minimum Q value control module, a motor driving module, a first amplifier, a current divider and a resonant cavity; one end of the current divider is connected with a cavity pressure signal sampling end of the resonant cavity, and the other end of the current divider is respectively connected with the self-excitation module and the minimum Q value control module; the output end of the self-excitation module is respectively connected with the first amplifier and the second input end of the minimum Q value control module; the output end of the first amplifier A1 is connected with the signal input end of the resonant cavity; the output end of the minimum Q value control module is connected with the input end of the motor driving module and used for judging whether the tuning system works in a resonance state or not, and if the tuning system is not tuned, the driving signal is transmitted to the motor driving module; the output end of the motor driving module is connected with the motor control end of the resonant cavity to automatically tune the resonant cavity. The invention can be widely applied to an accelerator coordination system.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of accelerator high-frequency tuning systems, and particularly relates to a minimum Q value self-excitation tuning system and a tuning method.
Background
The detuning of the accelerator cavity can cause phase deviation, further cause the electric field in the cavity to be reduced, influence the acceleration efficiency, and also cause the coupling of the control IQ ring to further influence the stability of the amplitude and the phase. In order to realize the tuning control of the accelerator cavity, make the resonant frequency equal to the working frequency and keep the amplitude and phase stable, the resonant cavity is usually driven by adopting the driving mode, the system principle is simpler, and the system is widely applied to the control system of the accelerator cavity at present. The disadvantage of the driving mode is that when the resonant cavity is detuned, the amplitude and the phase have coupling phenomena, so in order to decouple the amplitude ring and the phase ring, the stable working of the resonant cavity in a resonant state needs to be ensured, thereby leading out the beam current reaching the standard.
The traditional analog tuning system can influence the tuning effect due to external conditions, and meanwhile, the analog tuning system also has the defects of direct current bias, low tuning speed, difficulty in updating software and hardware of the tuning system and the like. Although the digital tuning system using the FPGA and the DSP for signal processing can overcome the disadvantages of the conventional analog tuning system, the digital tuning system needs to meet the requirements of the linear accelerator for high accuracy and low delay in the accelerator. In order to realize the tuning control of the digital tuning system, the resonant frequency is equal to the reference frequency, a cavity and a forward power two-way extraction signal are used in a control loop, and then the amplitude phase control is carried out on the output excitation signal through a digital signal processing module. When the phase of the loop is adjusted incorrectly, the compensation phase must be added, which can come from the orthogonal frequency and the detuning amount of the superconducting cavity, but the traditional amplitude phase control method needs to use a high-precision amplifier and an attenuator, which are easily affected by temperature to generate noise, reduce the control precision and the anti-interference capability of the system, cause the cavity to generate helium pressure fluctuation due to power overshoot, reduce the beam quality, and affect the tuning process of the system.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above problems, an object of the present invention is to provide a minimum Q value self-excited tuning system and a tuning method, which simplify the conventional digital control system, improve the efficiency and accuracy of control, control the tuner using quadrature voltage, eliminate frequency error, and eliminate the need for sampling forward power and reflected power signals. The minimum Q value self-excited tuning module can be used for a signal modulation module of an accelerator and can also be used for a tuning system of a superconducting resonant cavity and a mobile broadband communication base station.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme: a minimum Q value self-excitation tuning system comprises a self-excitation module, a minimum Q value control module, a motor driving module, a first amplifier, a shunt and a resonant cavity; one end of the shunt is connected with a cavity pressure signal sampling end of the resonant cavity, and the other end of the shunt is respectively connected with an input end of the self-excitation module and a first input end of the minimum Q value control module; the output end of the self-excitation module is respectively connected with the input end of the first amplifier and the second input end of the minimum Q value control module; the output end of the first amplifier is connected with the signal input end of the resonant cavity; the output end of the minimum Q value control module is connected with the input end of the motor driving module and used for judging whether a tuning system works in a resonance state or not according to an input signal sent by the shunt and a self-excited oscillation signal sent by the self-excited module, and if the tuning system is not tuned, a driving signal is transmitted to the motor driving module; and the output end of the motor driving module is connected with the motor control end of the resonant cavity and is used for automatically tuning the resonant cavity according to the driving signal sent by the minimum Q value control module.
Further, the self-excitation module comprises a phase shifter, a limiter, a second amplifier and a first filter; the input end of the phase shifter is used as the input end of the self-excitation module and is connected with the shunt, the output end of the phase shifter is sequentially connected with the amplitude limiter, the second amplifier and the first filter, and the output end of the first filter is used as the output end of the self-excitation module and is respectively connected with the first amplifier and the second input end of the minimum Q value control module.
Further, the phase shifter adopts a voltage-controlled phase shifter.
Further, the motor driving module comprises a first analog-to-digital converter, a second filter, a motor driver and a driving motor; the input end of the first analog-to-digital converter is used as the input end of the motor driving module and is connected with the minimum Q value control module, the output end of the first analog-to-digital converter is sequentially connected with the second filter, the motor driver and the driving motor, and the output end of the driving motor is connected with the motor control end of the resonant cavity.
Further, the minimum Q value control module uses digital Q value phase discrimination.
A tuning method of a minimum Q-value self-excited tuning system comprises the following steps: (1) Setting a minimum Q value self-excitation tuning system, and initializing the system, wherein the minimum Q value self-excitation tuning system comprises a self-excitation module, a minimum Q value control module, a motor driving module, a first amplifier, a current divider and a resonant cavity; (2) Judging whether the minimum Q value self-excited tuning system enters a self-excited phase-locked state, if so, entering the step (3), and if not, ending the tuning process; (3) Judging whether the minimum Q value self-excited tuning system is detuned or not through the minimum Q value control module, if so, entering the step (4), and otherwise, continuously judging; (4) The minimum Q value control module generates an enabling signal capable of driving the motor driving module, and the motor driving module automatically tunes the minimum Q value self-excitation tuning system.
Further, in the step 2), when the minimum Q value self-excited tuning system works in the self-excited phase-locked state, the output signal satisfies:
wherein V is the cavity voltage, gamma is the reciprocal of the coupling coefficient, theta is the phase delay of the self-excitation loop excluding the cavity,
is the cavity detuning angle, v q For quadrature signals, v i Is a local oscillator signal>
i is the imaginary part.
Further, in the step 3), the method for determining whether the minimum Q value self-excited tuning system is detuned by the minimum Q value control module is as follows:
(1) initializing;
(2) after system initialization, judging whether the self-excitation frequency is equal to the reference frequency, if so, entering the step (3), otherwise, continuing to judge;
(3) carrying out amplitude stable closed loop;
(4) after the loop is stably closed, judging whether the relative frequency modulation error Df is equal to 0, if so, entering the step (5), otherwise, continuously judging;
(5) carrying out frequency modulation closed loop;
(6) and judging whether the system is detuned or not by judging whether the driving signal Vq is equal to 0 or not, if so, generating a driving signal of the motor driving module to tune the system, and if not, directly ending the process.
Due to the adoption of the technical scheme, the invention has the following advantages: 1. the invention adopts a self-excitation driving mode to drive the resonant cavity, so that the amplitude ring and the phase ring are decoupled, and the stable working of the resonant cavity in a resonant state is ensured. 2. The invention can solve the problem of cavity detuning, realizes the automatic tuning of the control system to the resonant cavity, utilizes the orthogonal voltage to control the tuner, eliminates the phase measurement error between input and output, and can be applied to the accelerator tuning system with the control requirements of low time delay, high precision, wide dynamic range and the like. 3. The invention is suitable for a digital tuning mode, improves the control precision and the anti-interference capability of the system, overcomes the direct current bias existing in an analog tuning system, eliminates the helium pressure fluctuation caused by power uprush, and ensures the quality of the extracted beam current. The invention can be widely applied to an accelerator tuning system.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a functional block diagram of a minimum Q-factor self-excited tuning system of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a self-excited module of the minimum Q-value self-excited tuning system of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a minimum Q self-excited tuning system motor drive module of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a flow chart of the real-time detection of the minimum Q-value self-excited tuning system of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a self-excited functional block diagram of the minimum Q-factor self-excited tuning system of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a signal flow diagram of a minimum Q control module of the minimum Q self-excited tuning system of the present invention;
fig. 7 is a control flow diagram of the minimum Q self-excited tuning system of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in detail below with reference to the figures and examples.
As shown in fig. 1, the minimum Q-value self-excited tuning system provided by the present invention includes a self-excited module 1, a minimum Q-value control module 2, a motor driving module 3, a first amplifier A1, a shunt S1, and a resonant cavity. One end of the current divider S1 is connected with a cavity pressure signal sampling end of the resonant cavity, and the other end of the current divider S1 is respectively connected with an input end of the self-excitation module 1 and a first input end of the minimum Q value control module 2 and used for providing input signals of the self-excitation module 1 and the minimum Q value control module 2; the output end of the self-excitation module 1 is respectively connected with the input end of the first amplifier A1 and the second input end of the minimum Q value control module 2 and is used for enabling the tuning system to generate self-excitation oscillation so that the power source follows the frequency of the high-frequency cavity; the output end of the first amplifier A1 is connected with the signal input end of the resonant cavity and is used for providing enough high gain amplification capacity for a self-excitation loop (namely a loop formed by the self-excitation module 1, the shunt S1 and the amplifier A1); the output end of the minimum Q value control module 2 is connected with the input end of the motor driving module 3 and used for judging whether the tuning system works in a resonance state or not according to the input signal sent by the shunt S1 and the self-excited oscillation signal sent by the self-excited module 1, and if the tuning system is not in the resonance state, the driving signal is transmitted to the motor driving module 3; the output end of the motor driving module 3 is connected with the motor control end of the resonant cavity and is used for tuning the resonant cavity according to the driving signal sent by the minimum Q value control module 2.
Further, as shown in fig. 2, the self-excited module 1 includes a phase shifter PS1, a limiter L1, a second amplifier A2, and a first filter F1. The input end of the phase shifter PS1 is used as the input end of the self-excitation module 1 and is connected with the current divider S1, the output end of the phase shifter PS1 is sequentially connected with the amplitude limiter L1, the second amplifier A2 and the first filter F1, and the output end of the first filter F1 is used as the output end of the self-excitation module 1 and is respectively connected with the first amplifier A1 and the second input end of the minimum Q value control module 2. The phase shifter PS1 uses a voltage-controlled phase shifter and is used for controlling the phase adjustment requirement of 360-degree phase shift in the self-excitation loop; the amplitude limiter L1 is used for clamping the amplitude of an output signal to be incapable of infinitely amplifying and increasing and simultaneously incapable of influencing the phase of a high-frequency signal in a loop; the second amplifier A2 is used for ensuring that the self-excitation loop has enough high gain amplification capacity so as to enable the system to generate proper high-frequency oscillation; the first filter F1 functions to filter out radio frequency harmonics.
Further, the minimum Q value control module 2 adopts digital Q value phase discrimination.
Further, as shown in fig. 3, the motor driving module 3 includes a first analog-to-digital converter ADC1, a second filter F2, a motor driver D1, and a driving motor M1. The input end of the first analog-to-digital converter ADC1 is used as the input end of the motor driving module 3 and connected with the output end of the minimum Q value control module 2, the output end of the first analog-to-digital converter ADC1 is sequentially connected with the second filter F2, the motor driver D1 and the driving motor M1, and the output end of the driving motor M1 is connected with the motor control end of the resonant cavity. The minimum Q value self-excitation tuning system judges whether the system is detuned or not by directly reading the Q value from the minimum Q value control module 2, and tunes an accelerator by driving the motor M1.
Furthermore, the minimum Q self-excitation tuning system works in a self-excitation phase-locking mode, and the orthogonal voltage Q value is used for controlling the motor driving module 3 to tune the cavity, so that errors of the traditional analog and digital tuning system in sampling input and output signals are eliminated, the signal sampling quantity is simplified, and the system control precision is improved.
Furthermore, the minimum Q self-excitation tuning system reduces the noise introduction of multi-path signals, improves the control precision and the anti-interference capability of the system, and overcomes the helium pressure fluctuation caused by power overshoot in the tuning process of the cavity.
The working principle of the present invention is described below.
As shown in fig. 4, based on the minimum Q value self-excited tuning system, the present invention further provides a tuning method of the minimum Q value self-excited tuning system, which includes the following steps:
(1) Initializing a system;
(2) Judging whether the minimum Q value self-excited tuning system enters a self-excited phase-locked state, if so, entering the step (3), and if not, ending the tuning process;
(3) Judging whether the minimum Q value self-excited tuning system is detuned or not through the minimum Q value control module 2, if so, entering the step (4), and if not, continuing to judge;
(4) The minimum Q value control module 2 generates an enabling signal for driving the motor driving module 3, and the motor driving module 3 automatically tunes the minimum Q value self-excited tuning system according to the driving signal to finish the tuning.
In the step (2), the method for judging whether the minimum Q value self-excited tuning system enters the self-excited phase-locked state includes:
as shown in fig. 5, it is a self-excited schematic diagram of the self-excited module 1. After passing through the limiter L1, the output signal of the phase shifter PS1 is divided into two signals, respectively v i e iφ And iv q e iφ And the two paths of signals are mixed and then input again after passing through a second amplifier A2. When the accelerator works in a self-excitation phase-locking state, the output signal meets the following equation:
wherein V is the cavity voltage, gamma is the reciprocal of the coupling coefficient, theta is the phase delay of the self-excitation loop excluding the cavity,
is the cavity detuning angle, v q For quadrature signals, v i Is a local oscillation signal>
i is the imaginary part.
When the cavity voltage reaches the maximum value, v is required to be ordered q =0 or χ =0. In order to maintain the cavity voltage at a maximum value when the cavity resonates, v needs to be maintained q And =0. At the moment, the system is in a self-excitation phase-locking state, namely, by judging v q And if the phase difference is equal to 0, judging whether the system is in a self-excitation phase-locking state.
In the step (3), as shown in fig. 6, a signal flow diagram of the minimum Q value control module 2 is shown. Iv for minimum Q value control module 2 to directly read in output of self-excitation module 1 q e iφ And comparing the value with a set signal, judging whether the tuning system works in a resonance state, and transmitting a driving signal Vq to the motor driving module 3 for automatic tuning if the tuning system is out of resonance. The standby signal is a signal output port reserved during improvement, and the system can be conveniently upgraded in the later period.
As shown in fig. 6, a control flow chart of the minimum Q value control module 2 according to the present invention is shown, and the module calibration flow includes the following steps:
(1) initializing;
(2) after system initialization, judging whether the self-excitation frequency is equal to the reference frequency, if so, entering the step (3), otherwise, continuing to judge;
(3) performing an amplitude stable closed loop, wherein the amplitude stable closed loop is an amplitude stability closed loop, and after the amplitude reaches a set signal value, the amplitude stable closed loop is a feedback control system with an open-loop structure changed into a closed-loop structure, and is a known technology of a person skilled in the art, and the details are not repeated herein;
(4) after the loop is stably closed, judging whether the relative frequency modulation error Df is equal to 0, if so, entering the step (5), otherwise, continuously judging;
(5) performing tone closed loop, wherein the tone closed loop is a frequency modulation closed loop, which refers to a feedback control system that changes an open-loop structure into a closed-loop structure after the frequency reaches a set signal value, and the tone closed loop is a technique known by those skilled in the art, and the description of the invention is omitted herein;
(6) and judging whether the system is detuned or not according to whether the Vq is equal to 0 or not, if so, generating a driving signal of the motor driving module 3 to tune the system, and if not, directly ending the process.
The above embodiments are only used for illustrating the present invention, and the structure, connection mode, manufacturing process, etc. of the components may be changed, and all equivalent changes and modifications performed on the basis of the technical solution of the present invention should not be excluded from the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. A minimum Q self-excited tuning system, comprising: the device comprises a self-excitation module, a minimum Q value control module, a motor driving module, a first amplifier, a current divider and a resonant cavity;
one end of the shunt is connected with a cavity pressure signal sampling end of the resonant cavity, and the other end of the shunt is respectively connected with an input end of the self-excitation module and a first input end of the minimum Q value control module;
the output end of the self-excitation module is respectively connected with the input end of the first amplifier and the second input end of the minimum Q value control module;
the output end of the first amplifier is connected with the signal input end of the resonant cavity;
the output end of the minimum Q value control module is connected with the input end of the motor driving module and used for judging whether a tuning system works in a resonance state or not according to an input signal sent by the shunt and a self-excited oscillation signal sent by the self-excited module, and if the tuning system is not in the resonance state, the driving signal is transmitted to the motor driving module;
the output end of the motor driving module is connected with the motor control end of the resonant cavity and is used for automatically tuning the resonant cavity according to the driving signal sent by the minimum Q value control module;
the judging whether the tuning system works in the resonance state comprises the following steps:
judging whether the minimum Q value self-excited tuning system enters a self-excited phase-locked state or not, if not, ending the tuning process, and if so, judging whether the minimum Q value self-excited tuning system is detuned or not through the minimum Q value control module;
if the minimum Q value control module judges that the minimum Q value self-excited tuning system is detuned, the minimum Q value control module generates an enabling signal capable of driving the motor driving module, and if not, the minimum Q value control module continuously judges;
when the minimum Q value self-excitation tuning system works in a self-excitation phase-locking state, output signals meet the following conditions:
wherein V is the cavity voltage, gamma is the reciprocal of the coupling coefficient, theta is the phase delay of the self-excited loop excluding the cavity,
is the cavity detuning angle, v q For quadrature signals, v i Is a local oscillator signal>
i is an imaginary part;
the minimum Q value control module judges whether the minimum Q value self-excited tuning system is detuned or not, and comprises the following steps:
(1) initializing;
(2) after system initialization, judging whether the self-excitation frequency is equal to the reference frequency, if so, entering the step (3), otherwise, continuing to judge;
(3) carrying out amplitude stable closed loop;
(4) after the loop is stably closed, judging whether the relative frequency modulation error Df is equal to 0, if so, entering the step (5), otherwise, continuously judging;
(5) carrying out frequency modulation closed loop;
(6) and judging whether the system is detuned or not according to whether the driving signal Vq is equal to 0 or not, if so, generating a driving signal of the motor driving module to tune the system, and if not, directly ending the process.
2. A minimum Q self-excited tuning system as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the self-excitation module comprises a phase shifter, an amplitude limiter, a second amplifier and a first filter; the input end of the phase shifter is used as the input end of the self-excitation module and is connected with the shunt, the output end of the phase shifter is sequentially connected with the amplitude limiter, the second amplifier and the first filter, and the output end of the first filter is used as the output end of the self-excitation module and is respectively connected with the first amplifier and the second input end of the minimum Q value control module.
3. A minimum Q self-excited tuning system as claimed in claim 2, wherein: the phase shifter adopts a voltage-controlled phase shifter.
4. A minimum Q self-excited tuning system as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the motor driving module comprises a first analog-to-digital converter, a second filter, a motor driver and a driving motor; the input end of the first analog-to-digital converter is used as the input end of the motor driving module and is connected with the minimum Q value control module, the output end of the first analog-to-digital converter is sequentially connected with the second filter, the motor driver and the driving motor, and the output end of the driving motor is connected with the motor control end of the resonant cavity.
5. A minimum Q self-excited tuning system as claimed in claim 1, wherein: and the minimum Q value control module adopts digital Q value phase discrimination.
6. A tuning method using the minimum-Q self-excited tuning system as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 5, comprising the steps of:
(1) Setting a minimum Q value self-excitation tuning system, and initializing the system, wherein the minimum Q value self-excitation tuning system comprises a self-excitation module, a minimum Q value control module, a motor driving module, a first amplifier, a shunt and a resonant cavity;
(2) Judging whether the minimum Q value self-excited tuning system enters a self-excited phase locking state, if so, entering the step (3), and otherwise, ending the tuning process;
(3) Judging whether the minimum Q value self-excited tuning system is detuned or not through the minimum Q value control module, if so, entering the step (4), and if not, continuing to judge;
(4) The minimum Q value control module generates an enabling signal capable of driving the motor driving module, and the motor driving module automatically tunes the minimum Q value self-excitation tuning system.
7. The tuning method of a minimum-Q self-excited tuning system of claim 6, wherein: in the step 2), when the minimum Q value self-excited tuning system works in a self-excited phase-locked state, the output signals meet the following conditions:
wherein V is the cavity voltage, gamma is the reciprocal of the coupling coefficient, theta is the phase delay of the self-excited loop excluding the cavity,
is the cavity detuning angle, v q For quadrature signals, v i Is a local oscillator signal>
i is the imaginary part.
8. The tuning method of a minimum-Q self-excited tuning system of claim 6, wherein: in the step 3), the method for judging whether the minimum Q value self-excited tuning system is detuned by the minimum Q value control module is as follows:
(1) initializing;
(2) after system initialization, judging whether the self-excitation frequency is equal to the reference frequency, if so, entering the step (3), otherwise, continuing to judge;
(3) carrying out amplitude stable closed loop;
(4) after the loop is in an amplitude-stabilized state, judging whether the relative tone error Df is equal to 0, if so, entering the step (5), otherwise, continuously judging;
(5) carrying out frequency modulation closed loop;
(6) and judging whether the system is detuned or not by judging whether the driving signal Vq is equal to 0 or not, if so, generating a driving signal of the motor driving module to tune the system, and if not, directly ending the process.
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