CN110113017A - Variable gain amplifier device and electric system - Google Patents
Variable gain amplifier device and electric system Download PDFInfo
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- CN110113017A CN110113017A CN201810103158.XA CN201810103158A CN110113017A CN 110113017 A CN110113017 A CN 110113017A CN 201810103158 A CN201810103158 A CN 201810103158A CN 110113017 A CN110113017 A CN 110113017A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03G—CONTROL OF AMPLIFICATION
- H03G3/00—Gain control in amplifiers or frequency changers without distortion of the input signal
- H03G3/20—Automatic control
- H03G3/30—Automatic control in amplifiers having semiconductor devices
- H03G3/3005—Automatic control in amplifiers having semiconductor devices in amplifiers suitable for low-frequencies, e.g. audio amplifiers
Abstract
The present invention relates to variable gain amplifier devices and electric system.Specifically, variable gain amplifier (VGA) device that embodiments of the present invention provide includes low gain adjustment portion and high-gain adjustment portion.Low gain adjustment portion includes both resistor and transistor unit.High-gain adjustment portion includes transistor unit and is activated when output gain is greater than intended threshold level.There is also other embodiments.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to circuit and its technologies.
Background technique
Variable gain amplifier (VGA) has many applications.Generally, variable gain or voltage-controlled amplifier are according to control
Voltage (CV) changes the electron-amplifier of its gain.VGA has many applications, including audio level compression, synthesizer, amplitude tune
System etc..For example, VGA can be by creating voltage-controlled resistor (VCR) realization for setting amplifier gain first.VCR can be with
It is generated by one or more transistors with simple bias.In some implementations, VGA uses operational transconductance amplifier
It realizes.Sometimes, VGA is realized applies for automatic growth control (AGC).Generally, VGA performance can be special in gain ranging, electricity
Property linear, distortion, adjustability and bandwidth various aspects measure.
In the past, it has been suggested that and the conventional variable gain amplifier of many types is realized in different application.It enables
Unfortunately, as described below, existing variable gain amplifier cannot achieve the goal people.Therefore, it is desirable to have new improvement
Variable gain amplifier.
Summary of the invention
According to embodiment, the present invention provides variable gain amplifier (VGA) devices.The device includes that the first input is brilliant
Body pipe, first input transistors include first terminal, Second terminal and third terminal.First input transistors are configured as
The first input voltage is received at first terminal.The device further includes the second input transistors, which includes the
Four terminals and the 5th terminal and the 6th terminal.Second input transistors are configured as receiving the second input electricity at forth terminal
Pressure.The device includes for providing the first lead-out terminal of the first output voltage.The device further comprises for providing second
Second output terminal of voltage.The device further includes the first load for being coupled to forth terminal and first lead-out terminal.The device
It furthermore include the second load for being coupled to the 5th terminal and second output terminal.The device further comprises being configurable to generate
The control module of one adjustment signal (a first tuning signal, the first tuning signal) and the second adjustment signal.If with
It is set lower than the first predetermined threshold in the gain of VGA, then the second adjustment signal is in low gain setting.The device further comprises
First adjustment portion, which includes first resistor device and first adjusts transistor, and first adjusts transistor couples to the
One adjustment signal.First adjustment portion is coupled to third terminal and the 6th terminal.The device further includes the second adjustment portion, second tune
Section portion includes the second adjusting transistor.Second adjustment portion is coupled to the second adjustment signal.Second adjustment portion is coupled to third terminal
With the 6th terminal.
According to another embodiment, the present invention provides the electric system for adjustment signal gain.The system includes tool
There is the amplifier portion of the first input transistors, which includes first terminal, Second terminal and third terminal.The
One input transistors are configured as receiving the first input voltage at first terminal.Amplifier portion includes the second input transistors,
Second input transistors include forth terminal, the 5th terminal and the 6th terminal.Second input transistors are configured as the 4th
The second input voltage is received at terminal.The amplifier portion includes for providing the first lead-out terminal of the first output voltage.Amplification
Device portion has second output terminal for providing second voltage.The amplifier portion further includes being coupled to forth terminal and first defeated
First load of terminal out.Amplifier portion further comprises the second load for being coupled to the 5th terminal and second output terminal.It should
Amplifier portion further includes the control module for being configurable to generate the first adjustment signal and the second adjustment signal.If for VGA's
Gain is set lower than the first predetermined threshold, then the second adjustment signal is in low gain setting.It includes the first electricity that amplifier portion, which has,
It hinders device and first and adjusts the first adjustment portion of transistor.First adjusts transistor couples to the first adjustment signal, the first adjustment portion
It is coupled to third terminal and the 6th terminal.The system further comprises control module, which is configurable to generate first
Adjustment signal and the second adjustment signal, if the gain for VGA is set lower than predetermined threshold, the second adjustment signal is invalid.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is to show the schematic diagram of conventional open loop VGA 100.
Fig. 2 is to show the schematic diagram of the VGA device 200 based on transistor.
Fig. 3 is to show the schematic diagram of the linear VGA 300 of open loop of embodiment according to the present invention.
Fig. 4 is to show the schematic diagram of the VGA system 400 of embodiment according to the present invention.
Fig. 5 is to show the schematic diagram of the operation of the control module 410 in Fig. 4.
Fig. 6 is to show the curve graph of the relationship between the VGA gain of VGA 400 and DAC code.
Fig. 7 is to show the gain digital code range of combination and the DAC corresponding control generated for VGA400
The curve graph of signal.
Fig. 8 is to show the curve of the gain digital code range of combination with the corresponding DSM code for VGA 400
Figure.
Fig. 9 is to show the simplified block diagram of the VGA system 900 of embodiment according to the present invention.
Figure 10 is to show the combined gain digital code for multiple adjustment portions of embodiment according to the present invention
Range with by DAC it is generated it is corresponding control signal curve graph.
Specific embodiment
The present invention relates to circuits.More specifically, embodiments of the present invention are provided including low gain adjustment portion and high increasing
Variable gain amplifier (VGA) device of beneficial adjustment portion.Low gain adjustment portion include resistor element and transistor unit this two
Person.High-gain adjustment portion includes transistor unit and is activated when output gain is greater than scheduled threshold level.There is also
Other embodiments.
As described above, VGA device has various applications.In the past, it has been proposed that various VGA designs.For example,
Fig. 1 is to show the schematic diagram of conventional open loop VGA 100.As indicated, a pair of differential input terminal Vin+ and Vin- are respectively coupled to
Transistor 102 and transistor 103.Each transistor (102 and 103) is characterized by mutual conductance (Gm) value of own.More specifically
Ground, using input voltage as by transistor 102 and the received input of transistor 103, the two transistors act effectively as electric current
Source, the magnitude of current are based on both input voltage and transistor characteristic.
Output voltage (respectively for negative output voltage and positive output voltage) at node 104 and 105 is based on load electricity
Hinder device RLIt switchs with passing through (that is, switch C1To Cn) control resistor array between voltage's distribiuting.For example, by opening
Close c2, two R2Resistor is functionally removed from the device.Loading resistor is configured in supply voltage Vdd 101 and Vss
Between 108.VGA100 further comprises providing the transistor 106 and 107 of bias.In order to change output voltage and therefore adjust
The gain of VGA 100, the switch at resistor array are selectively closed or disconnect.For example, relative to output terminal, resistance
Device array can be uniformly considered as with RxValue.Since there are discrete and pre-configuration quantity resistor, resistor array
Possible RxValue is discrete and scheduled.
The low-frequency gain of VGA can be described in following equation 1:
Equation 1:
In equation 1, VoIt is output voltage and ViIt is input voltage.As described above, variable Gm is transistor
102 and/or transistor 103 transconductance value.Variable RLIt is the value of loading resistor.Variable RXIt is the effective of resistor array
Resistance value.
There are various disadvantages and disadvantages for the design of VGA 100 shown in Fig. 1.Wherein, because the adjustment of gain takes
Certainly in the resistor array of switch and its corresponding resistor with discrete number, resistance value Rx(and therefore VGA gain)
It can be only adjusted in a manner of limited and discrete number.In addition, resistor generally occupies valuable base on circuit chip
Plate face, and therefore realizing is expensive (especially when there are a large amount of resistors).
In some applications, resistor is realized using transistor (or voltage-controlled resistor) instead of resistor.Fig. 2 is to show
The schematic diagram of VGA device 200 based on transistor.As shown in Fig. 2, transistor 205 replaces the resistor array in Fig. 1.At it
Among his property, transistor 205 is used as VCR and receives the control voltage v of the equivalent resistance of adjustment transistor 205tune.It answers
Understand, is applied to the control voltage v of transistor 205tuneCan be finely adjusted and be continuously adjusted it is whole (that is, not by
The limitation of the quantity of switch and resistor in Fig. 1).The gain of VGA 200 can be indicated by above-mentioned equation 1, wherein item " Rx "
It is replaced by the resistance value of transistor 205.It should be noted that use (is coupled to pump voltage v in Fig. 2pmp) transistor 201 and crystalline substance
Body pipe 202 replaces loading resistor Rl, and these transistors are functionally suitable with loading resistor.Referring again to equation 1, electricity
Resistance value RLBy item (1/Gmload) replacement, wherein GmloadIt is the transconductance value of load transistor 201 and 202.
Many advantages are provided by using transistor 205.Lamentedly, using transistor 205, there is also correlations to lack
Point.Wherein, transistor 205 may be nonlinear and can have high-caliber total harmonic distortion under certain operating parameters
(THD).For example, transistor 205 is realized using cmos device, this is with the distortion of the importing THD in low gain is arranged.
The distortion of the VGA 200 in following equation explanatory diagram 2 can be passed through.Assuming that the input mutual conductance of transistor 203 and 204
(Gm) high, then the small signal value at node 206 and node 207 can be indicated by following equation:
Equation 2A:
Equation 2B:
As shown in Fig. 2, the voltage at 205 both ends of transistor is between node 206 and node 207 (that is, between vx+ and vx-)
Voltage.
Distortion (the THD of VGA 200 can be indicated by following equation1):
Equation 3:I=K (V*Vin-Vin2/n)
Wherein: " I " is the drain-source current of transistor 205；
According to such as V*=vtune- (vx++vx-)/2-Vt is defined, and " V* " is applied to the adjusting of the grid of transistor 205
Voltage " vtune "；
" Vin " is input voltage (that is, Vin+ and/or Vin-)；And
" n " is slope.
Equation 4:Vin=A cos (ω t)
Wherein: " A " is input sinusoidal amplitude
Equation 5:
Wherein, " K " is transistor gain
Equation 6:
Based on equation 6, it can be seen that distortion THD1It is in direct ratio with " A " and be inversely proportional with " V* ".This means that small V*
Lead to high distortion, or when VGA gain is low (for example, 0dB is even lower).For example, the operation in low gain setting, Fig. 2
In VGA 200 can have it is THD more higher levels of than the THD of VGA 100.On the other hand, when adjusting voltage V* high, THD is low.
Therefore, for the operation in high-gain setting, when the effective resistance of V* high and transistor 205 are low, the THD of VGA 200 is low.
It should be understood that embodiments of the present invention provide operation to provide the linear of linear, adjustability and low distortion
VGA device.Fig. 3 is to show the schematic diagram of the linear VGA 300 of open loop of embodiment according to the present invention.This diagram is only one
A example, the example should not excessively limit the scope of the claims.Many changes will be recognized in those skilled in the art
Change, replace and modifies.Linear VGA device 300 includes for adjust gain (that is, the ratio between output voltage and input voltage
Example) Switched resistors portion and transistor 307.Input voltage vin+And vin-It is respectively connected to the gate terminal of transistor 305 and 306
Son.For example, transistor 305 and 306 is realized using CMOS transistor.Transistor 305 and 306 is characterized in that their transconductance value,
And transistor 305 and 306 effectively provides the electric current based on input voltage.
The output of VGA 300 provides at node 303 and 304.More specifically, node 303 provides negative output vo-And it saves
Point 304 provides positive output vo+.As described above, the output voltage of VGA 300 depends on load portion and adjustment portion (that is, resistor portion
311 and transistor 307) both.For example, transistor 301 and 302 is embodied as output loading portion.It should be understood that can also make
Load portion, such as, loading resistor shown in FIG. 1 are realized with other electronic components.In addition, load portion can be implemented as electricity
Hinder the combination of device and transistor.
Transistor 305 and 306 is coupled to resistor portion 311 and transistor 307.Transistor 307 be configured in node 308 with
Between node 309.For example, transistor 307 includes CMOS transistor and element (or the thyrite for being used as variable impedance
Device), impedance value is by being coupled to the control signal v of the grid of transistor 307gchControl.Resistor portion 311 is relative to transistor
307 are set as parallel construction, because as shown, the resistor portion of switching is also coupled to node 308 and node 309.Transistor
310 be configured in all have Rx/2 (that is, therefore all-in resistance be Rx because two resistors are relative to each other by arranged in series)
Between two resistors of resistance value.According to implementation, transistor 310 may be used as switch (that is, closure as shown in Figure 1
Or disconnect) or adjustable transistor (that is, identical as the function of transistor 307).For example, controlling signal v when being used as switchgclIt mentions
It is closure or the binary system disconnected control for pipe transistor 310.It is used as adjustable transistor, control with its equivalent impedance
Signal vgclThe adjusting voltage of the impedance value of adjustment transistor 310 is provided.
In various implementations, adjustment portion 311 and transistor 307 provide continuously adjustable resistance value together.For example, working as
When operating in low gain setting, the transistor 310 of adjustment portion 311, which is connected and continuously changes its resistance value, (passes through adjusting
Signal vgclControl).When VGA 300 is arranged from low gain, and change is arranged to high-gain, wherein low gain setting and height increase
Benefit setting is separated by predetermined threshold, and transistor 307 is activated and in response to adjustment signal vgchAdjust its resistance.It answers
Note that transistor 310 is held on when operating in high-gain is arranged, even if to allow the gain of VGA 300 from low
Gain is also linear during being converted to high-gain.
The V at the device both ends of VGA 300DSVoltage (A ') is no longer approximately equal to input voltage (one in the VGA 200 in such as Fig. 2
As).In addition, transistor 307 is operated using adjusting voltage higher (than the transistor 205 of VGA 200), requirement that
Device resistance reduces " Rx " times from adjustment portion 311.And it should be understood that the two effects reduce distortion.It can be used following
The performance of equation expression VGA 300:
Equation 7A:A ' ≠ Vin
Equation 7B:
Wherein: " A " is input sinusoidal amplitude；
" A' " is the V at device both endsDSVoltage；
" Vin " is input voltage；
“R’sw" be switching transistor resistance value；And
" Rx " is the series resistance of adjustment portion 311.
Equation 8:
Wherein, " K' " is transistor gain；And
" V' " is such as V '=vgcl- (vx++vx-The effective adjusting voltage for the VGA 300 that)/2 define, and it is used for VGA
300 V ' is higher than the V* for VGA 200.
Equation 9:
Wherein, " THD2" be VGA 300 total harmonic distortion.
By comparing equation 9 and equation 6, it can be seen that THD2Compare THD1Low 2RxV ' times of K '.As long as example, being related to
The improvement for the ratio VGA 200 that THD, VGA 300 is provided is indicated by following equation 10:
Equation 10:
It should be understood that testing improvement described in equation 10 in practical implementation.For example, when with 0dB
When gain operation, THD performance from the -33dB of 200 structure of VGA improve be 300 structure of VGA -55dB.THD at 9dB gain
VGA 300 is maintained on -50dB.Therefore, as shown in figure 3, being used for high gain operation and tune by using transistor 307
Section portion 311 is operated for low gain, can effectively reduce distortion.
Fig. 4 is to show the schematic diagram of the VGA system 400 of embodiment according to the present invention.This diagram is only a reality
Example, the example should not excessively limit the scope of the claims.Those skilled in the art, which will be recognized, much to change, replaces
It changes and modifies.System 400 includes control module 410, which is DAC 413 and DAC 414 in the form of DAC code
Digital controlled signal is provided, DAC 413 and DAC 414 provide the amplifier portion 420 that analog control signal is used for VGA 400.More
Specifically, DAC 413 provides the analog control signal " v for being used for transistor 421gch".DAC 414 is provided for adjustment portion 423
Analog control signal " vgcl", and control the grid that signal is coupled to transistor 422.Control module 410 receives " IncDec " letter
Number as the input signal for increasing or decreasing amplification, control module 410 is generated using the input signal and is used for 413 He of DAC
The DAC code of DAC 414.Control module 410 includes providing the state machine of the digital code word for DAC 413 and DAC 414.
In various embodiments, DAC 413 and DAC 414 is the high-resolution for handling the 9 digit numerical code words from control module 410
Rate DAC (for example, 9 DAC).Control module generates digital code word using predetermined logic and parameter.For example, minimum and maximum
DAC code is to be pre-configured and calibrated for the operating parameter in the amplifier portion 420 of VGA 400.Control is shown in Fig. 5
The exemplary behavior of molding block 410.Wherein, control module 410 includes at least indicating that (1) is used to open DAC's 413 and 414
Condition；(2) correlation between the output gain of VGA 400 and DAC code；And (3) minimum and maximum output voltage (or
It is applied to the control voltage of transistor 421 and 422).For example, when with low gain situation (that is, the gain for being lower than predetermined threshold) behaviour
When making, DAC code is only provided to DAC 414 by control module 410, and DAC 413 is closed.When reaching predetermined output gain threshold value
When, DAC code is provided to both DAC 413 and DAC 414 by control module 410.
Fig. 5 is to show the schematic diagram of the operation of the control module 410 in Fig. 4.This diagram is only an example, the example
The scope of the claims should not excessively be limited.Those skilled in the art, which will be recognized, much to change, replace and repairs
Change.Chart 502 describes control module and generates the DAC code for being used for DAC 413, successively provides the mould for transistor 421
Quasi- control signal.Chart 501 describes control module and generates the DAC code for being used for DAC 414, which successively provides use
In the analog control signal for the transistor 422 for being used as voltage-controlled resistor.For example, the DAC 413 and DAC 414 in Fig. 4 are with 64
The sigma delta DAC device of above DAC code (for example, it is contemplated that aliasing effect) operation.
As shown in chart 501, when output gain is arranged to 64, from its minimum value 64, (longitudinal axis indicates DAC code
DAC code) start to increase.As indicated, when output gain reaches 480, DAC code peak value in value 480 reaches peak, and i.e.
The DAC code when output gain 666 is set also to keep 480.This translate at minimum output setting be connected transistor 422 and
It keeps increasing control signal " vgcl" reach maximum at 480 output gain setting until the control signal for transistor 422
It is worth (maxed out).The output of DAC code (and therefore control signal " vgcl") basic between output gain setting 63 and 480
On be linear, it means that the resistance value of adjustment portion 423 variation substantially it is linear.
As for high gain operation, conducting and adjustment transistor 421 (being used as voltage-controlled resistor) are arranged according to desired output.
The DAC code value for transistor 421 is shown in chart 502.DAC code keeps minimum value 64 until the output on trunnion axis
Gain is 250.DAC code increases to maximum value 480 (when output gain is 666 since the minimum value 64 of gain setting 250
When).For example, chart 502 is translated as conducting transistor 421 when output gain is 250.Because output gain increases always from 250
666 are added to, the DAC code for being accordingly used in DAC 413 is linearly increasing, until reaching maximum value.It should be noted that when being used for DAC 413
DAC code when being begun to ramp up at 250 output gain, the DAC code (in chart 501) for DAC 412 also exists
Increase.More specifically, the DAC code when output gain is moved to 480 from 250, for both DAC 413 and DAC 414
Increase, it means that transistor 421 and 422 receives increased control voltage all at their own grid.Work as output gain
When reaching 480, transistor 422 receives its maximum controlling voltage.As suggested in chart 502, when output gain reaches 666
When, transistor 421 receives its maximum controlling voltage.
When reducing VGA gain, DAC code follows chart 501 and 502 to DAC 413 is similar with the output of DAC 414
(from right to left at this time).For example, the DAC code for DAC 413 keeps reducing straight as output gain is from maximum gain reduction
It is 250 to gain, at gain 250, DAC code keeps its minimum value 64；DAC in same time period, for DAC 414
Code keeps its maximum value, and when gain drops to 480, and DAC code starts linearly to reduce.
Now referring back to Fig. 4.As can be seen in Figure 4, the state machine and DAC 413 and 414 of control module 410
Combination is implemented to be respectively used to the control signal v of control high-apha transistor 421 and low gain transistor 422gchWith
vgcl.It should be appreciated that according to various embodiments, as described below, can also otherwise generate control signal (in certain situations
Under more than two signal).For example, multiple analog control signals can be generated to adjust transistor and adjusting in integrated control unit
The resistance in portion is (for example, the resistor with " closure/disconnection " switch or the resistance with the transistor for being used as voltage-controlled resistor
Device).
Embodiment according to the present invention can be determined from the simulation and/or measurement of VGA device by appropriate adjustment
Upper threshold voltage and lower threshold voltages are (for example, the description height control signal and low control signal that provide in chart 501 and 502
Behavior) minimize and optimize distortion.In a specific embodiment, VGA system 400 includes the gain threshold of digital programmable
Value.It is, for example, possible to use with passive filter a second-order sigma Delta DAC realize DAC (for example, DAC413 and
414).According to implementation, other kinds of DAC also can be used.For example, various types of analog circuits provide above description
Overlap joint control voltage.
It should be understood that the VGA device and technology of embodiment according to the present invention can provide the linear of height and can
Retentivity.Fig. 6 is the curve graph of the relationship between the VGA gain and DAC code shown for VGA 400.In order to illustrate
Purpose, the DAC code of horizontal axis is the DAC code being combined with 250 code offsets, and the gain of the longitudinal axis is unit decibel
VGA gain.As in fig. 6 it can be seen that the relationship between combined DAC code and VGA is substantially linear and continuous.
Fig. 7 is the gain digital code range for showing combination and the control signal for VGA400 generated by DAC
Curve graph.Diagram line 701 is the related v for low gain transistor 422gclControl signal.Diagram line 702 is and vgchGao Zeng
Benefit control signal 421 is associated.The combined digital scope of horizontal axis is related to for the control signal of transistor 421 and 422.Example
Such as, for the chart 501 and figure in the threshold value (that is, 64 and 250) of low gain transistor 422 and high-apha transistor 421 and Fig. 5
Table 502 is consistent.
Fig. 8 is to show the curve of the gain digital code range of combination with the corresponding DSM code for VGA 400
Figure.Diagram line 801 is the related DSM code for DAC 414.Diagram line 802 is associated with for the DSM code of DAC 413.
For example, consistent with the chart 501 in Fig. 5 and chart 502 for the threshold value (that is, 64 and 250) of DAC 414 and 413.
Fig. 9 is to show the simplified block diagram of the VGA system 900 of embodiment according to the present invention.This diagram is only one
A example, the example should not excessively limit the scope of the claims.Many changes will be recognized in those skilled in the art
Change, replace and modifies.As described above, VGA 300 and VGA 400 are example implementations, and can be otherwise real
Existing embodiments of the present invention.As shown in figure 9, VGA system 900 includes control module 901.According to implementation, control module
901 can receive various forms of input gain signals.For example, gain signal can be from another electronic component or logic section
The analog signal of part is to indicate to increase or decrease the output gain of VGA system 900.Input gain signal can also be that target is defeated
Gain is expressed as the digital signal of digital value out.In addition, control module 901 includes the logic unit for generating control signal.
For example, the logic unit for generating control signal can be state machine as shown in Figure 4, but other realization sides can be used
Formula, such as, the controller etc. based on microprocessor.Wherein, logic unit provides which adjustment portion is switched on and much intensity
Control signal setting, this adjusts the impedance value of each adjustment portion in turn.
Adjustment portion is (for example, the range of the impedance value of 908a to 908n) is scheduled and is programmed into logic unit.
For example, the logic unit of control module indicates that the gain ranging for 0dB to 5dB, control signal C1 are effective, and
In the gain ranging of 5dB to 10dB, control signal C1 and C2 are effective etc..For example, as n adjustment portion, control module
901 at least provide n control signal.According to implementation, the impedance value of the impedance of adjustment portion can be it is continuous and/or two into
System.As for only include as variable resistance adjustable transistor (for example, being realized using transistor 421) adjustment portion,
Impedance value is continuously adjustable.Similarly, as the adjustment portion (for example, adjustment portion 422) with resistor and adjustable transistor,
Impedance value is continuously adjustable, wherein the minimum resistance provided by resistor.Also it can use and adjustment portion shown in Fig. 1
Similar binary system adjustment portion, wherein switch, which receives, indicates that adjustment portion is the control signal of on or off.
In the control signal for adjustment portion is provided, control module 901 can be embodied in various ways.For example, control mould
Block 901 can be provided for adjusting and/or each control signal of the transistor in switch-mode regulation portion.For example, control module 901 can
To provide different control routine and/or control signal for adjustment portion.In a specific embodiment, control module 901 uses single
A control routine adjusts each adjustment portion, wherein most significant bit (MSB) is used to switch one or more adjustment portions, and minimum
Significance bit (LSB) is for continuously adjusting the impedance value of one or more transistors.
There may be the adjustment portions of different number.As described above, adjustment portion, which will include at least low gain portion, (to be had actual
Resistive element) and high-gain portion.It is high-caliber linear that additional adjustment portion can be configured as offer.For example, adjustment portion can be with
In order to it is high-caliber linear and can retentivity (for example, keeping gain curve shown in Fig. 5 more straight) and specifically adjust.Meanwhile greatly
Amount adjustment portion can lead to exceedingly complicated circuit and control.
The amplifier portion 910 of VGA 900 includes input terminal 906 and 907.For example, input terminal 906 and 907 is configured
It is inputted to receive a pair of differential including positive input Vin+ and negative input Vin-.Amplifier portion 910 further includes load 902 and load
903.In various embodiments, load 902 and load 903 are realized using matched impedance value.It is, for example, possible to use transistors
And/or resistor realizes load 902 and load 903.
In various implementations, input terminal 906 and 907 is realized using transistor (for example, cmos device etc.).Example
Such as, input terminal be used as the output gain at current source and output terminal 904 and/or 905 depend on input transistors across
Lead characteristic.Various types of transistors can be used for input terminal.
Output terminal 904 is placed between load 902 and input terminal 906.Output terminal 905 setting load 903 with
Between input terminal 907.For example, output terminal is pair for including positive output end Vout+ and negative output terminal Vout-.Additional electronics
Component can be used for realizing output terminal.
As indicated, amplifier portion 910 further includes biasing module 909.For example, biasing module may include bias transistor (example
107) and voltage source (for example, Vss 108) such as, bias transistor 106 shown in FIG. 1 and.
Figure 10 is to show the combined gain digital code for multiple adjustment portions of embodiment according to the present invention
The curve graph of range and the corresponding control signal generated by DAC.This diagram is only an example, which should not be excessive
Limit the scope of the claims.Many variations, replacement and modification will be recognized in those skilled in the art.As for figure
10, horizontal axis corresponds to combined digital scope, and the longitudinal axis corresponds to DSM output voltage.For example, " Vgc1 " signal is for having
The adjustment portion for thering is lowest number code to be arranged, and its maximum is begun to ramp up and reached before other adjustment portions
Value." Vgc2 " signal is the adjustment portion for (for example, higher gain adjustment portion) to be arranged with higher number, and at " vgc1 "
It begins to ramp up after signal is begun to ramp up but before " Vgc1 " signal reaches maximum value.It should be noted that
The overlapping angled manner shared between " Vgc1 " signal and " Vgc2 " signal allows continuous output.Similarly, signal " Vgc3 ",
" Vgc4 " and " Vgc5 " is laminated in a similar manner, to allow big adjustable range.
Claims (14)
1. a kind of variable gain amplifier device, comprising:
First input transistors, including first terminal, Second terminal and third terminal, first input transistors are configured as
The first input voltage is received at the first terminal；
Second input transistors, including forth terminal, the 5th terminal and the 6th terminal, second input transistors are configured as
The second input voltage is received at the forth terminal；
First lead-out terminal, for providing the first output voltage；
Second output terminal, for providing second voltage；
First load, is coupled to the forth terminal and the first lead-out terminal；
Second load is coupled to the 5th terminal and second output terminal；
Control module is configurable to generate the first adjustment signal and the second adjustment signal, if the variable gain amplifier fills
The gain set is set lower than the first predetermined threshold, then second adjustment signal is in low gain setting；
First adjustment portion, including first resistor device and first adjust transistor, and described first adjusts transistor couples to described the
One adjustment signal, first adjustment portion are coupled to the third terminal and the 6th terminal；And
Second adjustment portion, including second adjust transistor, second adjustment portion is coupled to second adjustment signal, and described the
Two adjustment portions are coupled to the third terminal and the 6th terminal.
2. variable gain amplifier device according to claim 1, wherein if the variable gain amplifier device
Gain setting is higher than first predetermined threshold, then first adjustment signal and second adjustment signal are all effective.
3. variable gain amplifier device according to claim 1, wherein the control module is received from external device (ED) to be increased
Beneficial setting signal.
4. variable gain amplifier device according to claim 1, wherein first adjustment portion and described second is adjusted
Portion is configured to parallel connection.
5. variable gain amplifier device according to claim 1, wherein first input transistors include MOSFET
Device.
6. variable gain amplifier device according to claim 1, wherein the gain of the variable gain amplifier device
It is substantially proportional with transconductance value.
7. variable gain amplifier device according to claim 1, wherein first load includes load transistor.
8. variable gain amplifier device according to claim 1, wherein first load includes loading resistor.
9. variable gain amplifier device according to claim 1, wherein first adjustment signal is indicated for described
First adjusts " conducting " or " closed " state of transistor.
10. variable gain amplifier device according to claim 1, wherein first adjustment signal changes described the
One adjusts the impedance value of transistor, and the described first impedance value for adjusting transistor is scheduled.
11. variable gain amplifier device according to claim 1 further comprises third adjustment portion.
12. variable gain amplifier device according to claim 1, wherein the control module includes for generating
State the state machine of the first adjustment signal and second adjustment signal.
13. variable gain amplifier device according to claim 1, further comprises: being configured as based on digital-to-analogue conversion
First digital analog converter of the first adjustment signal described in device code building.
14. a kind of electric system for adjustment signal gain, the electric system include:
Amplifier portion, comprising:
First input transistors, including first terminal, Second terminal and third terminal, first input transistors are configured as
The first input voltage is received at the first terminal；
Second input transistors, including forth terminal, the 5th terminal and the 6th terminal, second input transistors are configured as
The second input voltage is received at the forth terminal；
First lead-out terminal, for providing the first output voltage；
Second output terminal, for providing second voltage；
First load, is coupled to the forth terminal and the first lead-out terminal；
Second load is coupled to the 5th terminal and second output terminal；
Control module is configurable to generate the first adjustment signal and the second adjustment signal, if the gain of variable gain amplifier
It is set lower than the first predetermined threshold, then second adjustment signal is in low gain setting；
First adjustment portion, including first resistor device and first adjust transistor, and described first adjusts transistor couples to described the
One adjustment signal, first adjustment portion are coupled to the third terminal and the 6th terminal；And
Second adjustment portion, including second adjust transistor, second adjustment portion is coupled to second adjustment signal, and described the
Two adjustment portions are coupled to the third terminal and the 6th terminal；And
Control module is configurable to generate first adjustment signal and second adjustment signal, if the variable gain
The gain of amplifier is set lower than predetermined threshold, then second adjustment signal is invalid.
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