CN110112527A - Microstrip directional coupler - Google Patents
Microstrip directional coupler Download PDFInfo
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- CN110112527A CN110112527A CN201810103147.1A CN201810103147A CN110112527A CN 110112527 A CN110112527 A CN 110112527A CN 201810103147 A CN201810103147 A CN 201810103147A CN 110112527 A CN110112527 A CN 110112527A
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- line
- microstrip
- coupled
- microstrip line
- directional coupler
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01P—WAVEGUIDES; RESONATORS, LINES, OR OTHER DEVICES OF THE WAVEGUIDE TYPE
- H01P5/00—Coupling devices of the waveguide type
- H01P5/12—Coupling devices having more than two ports
- H01P5/16—Conjugate devices, i.e. devices having at least one port decoupled from one other port
- H01P5/18—Conjugate devices, i.e. devices having at least one port decoupled from one other port consisting of two coupled guides, e.g. directional couplers
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of microstrip directional coupler, including transmission microstrip line, coupled microstrip line, coupling output line and isolation output line, the isolation output line and the both ends for coupling output line and being connected to the coupled microstrip line;The width of the coupled microstrip line gradually successively decreases from the one end for connecting the coupling output line to the other end for connecting the isolation output line.The structure type that coupled microstrip line in microstrip directional coupler of the present invention is gradually successively decreased using width from one end of connection coupling output line to the other end of connection isolation output line, reduce the electric current of isolation end by reducing the field coupling of isolation end, to improve the isolation of isolation end, and then achieve the purpose that improve directionality.Meanwhile compared with run-in index coupled microstrip line, the coupled microstrip line in the present invention also reduces size in structure, is conducive to integral miniaturization.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to directional coupler fields, more specifically to a kind of microstrip directional coupler.
Background technique
Microstrip directional coupler has been widely used, and is already a critical device in high power transmission circuit.It is fixed
It is generally made of to coupler main signal line and coupling signal wire, for power distribution, power combing, power detection etc..Work as master
When thering is the AC signal in determining direction to propagate on signal wire, due to the parasitic capacitance between main signal line and coupling signal wire and post
The effect of inductance is given birth to, the AC signal in determining direction is also had in coupling signal wire.
Two important performance indicators of directional coupler are directionality and the degree of coupling.High power circuit is improving standing wave inspection
The directionality of directional coupler is all limited in survey, standing wave alarm precision, therefore the coupler of high directivity is to raising high power
The standing wave detection accuracy of transmit circuit is most important.However, the directionality of run-in index directional coupler used at present is to compare
Low.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is that in view of the above drawbacks of the prior art, it is high to provide a kind of directionality
Microstrip directional coupler.
The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the technical problems is: constructing a kind of microstrip directional coupler, feature
It is, including transmission microstrip line, coupled microstrip line, isolation output line and coupling output line, the isolation output line and the coupling
Close the both ends that output line is connected to the coupled microstrip line;The width of the coupled microstrip line is exported from the coupling is connected
Gradually successively decrease to the other end for connecting the isolation output line one end of line.
Preferably, the coupled microstrip line is stair-stepping, wherein the ladder height of the ladder-like coupled microstrip line from
Successively decrease stepwise to the other end for connecting the isolation output line one end for connecting the coupling output line.
Preferably, the coupled microstrip line is triangle, wherein the width of the triangle coupled microstrip line is from connection
Successively decrease stepwise to the other end for connecting the isolation output line one end of the coupling output line.
Preferably, the coupled microstrip line is the ladder-like coupled microstrip line of N rank, and N is the integer greater than 1.
Preferably, the ladder-like coupled microstrip line is the ladder-like coupled microstrip line of second order, the ladder-like coupling microstrip of three ranks
Line or the ladder-like coupled microstrip line of quadravalence.
Preferably, the difference in height of the adjacent two-stage ladder of the ladder-like coupled microstrip line is all the same or not identical.
Preferably, the width of every grade of ladder of the ladder-like coupled microstrip line is equal or unequal.
Preferably, the both ends of the transmission microstrip line are respectively arranged with the first connectivity port and second connection end mouth;
One end of the coupling output line connects the ladder-like coupled microstrip line, and the other end is provided with third connecting pin
Mouthful;
One end of the isolation output line connects the ladder-like coupled microstrip line, and the other end is provided with the 4th connecting pin
Mouthful.
Preferably, the microstrip directional coupler includes at least two coupled microstrip lines, every coupling microstrip
The both ends of line are separately connected the isolation output line and the coupling output line.
Preferably, the microstrip directional coupler is equipped with two coupled microstrip lines, and two coupled microstrip lines are set
It sets in the two opposite sides of the transmission microstrip line, the width of two coupled microstrip lines successively decreases contrary.
Implement microstrip directional coupler of the invention, has the advantages that in microstrip directional coupler of the present invention
The knot that coupled microstrip line is gradually successively decreased using width from one end of connection coupling output line to the other end of connection isolation output line
Configuration formula reduces the electric current of isolation end by reducing the field coupling of isolation end, to improve the isolation of isolation end, Jin Erda
To the purpose for improving directionality.Meanwhile compared with run-in index coupled microstrip line, the coupled microstrip line in the present invention is in structure
It is reduced in size, is conducive to integral miniaturization.
Detailed description of the invention
Present invention will be further explained below with reference to the attached drawings and examples, in attached drawing:
Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram of one embodiment of microstrip directional coupler of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the structural schematic diagram of another embodiment of microstrip directional coupler of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram of directional coupler;
Fig. 4 is the simulation result diagram of the microstrip directional coupler of second order;
Fig. 5 is the measured result figure of the microstrip directional coupler of second order;
Fig. 6 is the simulation result diagram of the microstrip directional coupler of N rank (triangle);
The corresponding component names of each label are as follows in figure:
10, microstrip line is transmitted;20, coupled microstrip line;30, output line is coupled;40, output line is isolated.
Specific embodiment
For a clearer understanding of the technical characteristics, objects and effects of the present invention, now control attached drawing is described in detail
A specific embodiment of the invention.
The invention discloses a kind of microstrip directional coupler of high directivity, which can be applied to Gao Gong
Rate transmit circuit helps to improve the standing wave detection accuracy of high power transmission circuit.
Refering to fig. 1 and Fig. 2, microstrip directional coupler of the invention include transmission microstrip line 10, coupled microstrip line 20, coupling
Output line 30 and isolation output line 40, isolation output line 40 and coupling output line 30 are connected to the two of coupled microstrip line 20
End;The width of coupled microstrip line 20 is gradually passed from one end of connection coupling output line 30 to the other end of connection isolation output line 40
Subtract.Coupled microstrip line 20 in microstrip directional coupler of the present invention is using width from one end of connection coupling output line 30 to connection
The structure type that the other end of isolation output line 40 gradually successively decreases, reduces isolation end by reducing the field coupling of isolation end
Electric current to improve the isolation of isolation end, and then achievees the purpose that improve directionality.Meanwhile with run-in index coupled microstrip line phase
Than the coupled microstrip line in the present invention also reduces size in structure, is conducive to integral miniaturization.
Wherein, transmission microstrip line 10 is for generating AC signal, and coupled microstrip line 20 is for generating coupled signal.In this reality
It applies in example, coupled microstrip line 20 is stair-stepping, wherein the ladder height of the ladder-like coupled microstrip line is from connecting the coupling
Successively decrease stepwise to the other end of connection isolation output line 40 one end for closing output line 30.Ladder-like coupled microstrip line is N rank ladder
Shape coupled microstrip line, N are the integer greater than 1.Preferably, ladder-like coupled microstrip line is the ladder-like coupled microstrip line of second order, three
The ladder-like coupled microstrip line of rank or the ladder-like coupled microstrip line of quadravalence.
Preferably, the difference in height of the adjacent two-stage ladder of ladder-like coupled microstrip line is all the same.It should be understood that adjacent two
The difference in height of grade ladder is also possible to different, and the present invention does not do excessive limitation to this.Preferably, ladder-like coupling microstrip
The width of every grade of ladder of line is equal.It should be understood that the width of every grade of ladder of ladder-like coupled microstrip line is also possible to not
Equal, the present invention does not do excessive limitation to this.In design optimization, the difference in height of every two-stage ladder or every grade of ladder
Width is all an independent variable element, i.e., the difference in height of every two-stage ladder is not necessarily equal, and the width of every grade of ladder is not yet
Certain isometric, these parameters can be carried out optimizing, and make the best performance that coupler is final.
In further embodiments, coupled microstrip line 20 is triangle, wherein the width of triangle coupled microstrip line from
Successively decrease stepwise to the other end for connecting the isolation output line 40 one end of connection coupling output line 30.
As shown in Figure 1, the both ends of transmission microstrip line 10 are respectively arranged with the first connectivity port P1 and second connection end mouth P2;
The one end for coupling output line 30 connects coupled microstrip line 20, and the other end is provided with third connectivity port P3;Output line 40 is isolated
One end connects coupled microstrip line 20, and the other end is provided with the 4th connectivity port P4.First connectivity port P1, second port P2,
Three connectivity port P3 and the 4th connectivity port P4 are the ports that microstrip directional coupler of the present invention is used to connect peripheral circuit.
In some embodiments, microstrip directional coupler may include two or more coupled microstrip lines 20, every coupling
The both ends of microstrip line 20 are separately connected the isolation output line 40 and the coupling output line 30.An embodiment as shown in Figure 2
In, microstrip directional coupler is equipped with two coupled microstrip lines 20, and two settings of coupled microstrip line 20 are in transmission microstrip line 10
Two opposite sides, and the width of two coupled microstrip lines 20 successively decrease it is contrary.
With specific embodiment, the present invention will be further described in detail below.
In one embodiment of microstrip directional coupler of the invention shown in fig. 1, microstrip directional coupler includes a coupling
Microstrip line 20 is closed, which is the ladder-like coupled microstrip line of three ranks.Isolation output line 40 and coupling output line 30 divide
It is not connected to the both ends of coupled microstrip line 20, the ladder height of coupled microstrip line 20 is from one end of connection coupling output line 30 to even
The other end for connecing isolation output line 40 successively decreases stepwise.Specifically, one end that coupled microstrip line 20 connects coupling output line 30 is set
For coupled end, the other end of connection isolation output line 40 is set as isolation end, then the ladder height of coupled microstrip line 20 is from coupled end
Successively decrease stepwise to isolation end.
As shown in Figure 1, the ladder-like coupled microstrip line of three ranks includes the direction sequentially connected from coupled end towards isolation end
The height of three rank J3, second-order J2 and the first rank J1, third rank J3, second-order J2 and the first rank J1 are successively decreased in order.Similarly may be used
To know, the ladder-like coupled microstrip line of second order includes the sequentially connected second-order in direction and the first rank from coupled end towards isolation end, the
The height of second order and the first rank is successively decreased in order;The ladder-like coupled microstrip line of quadravalence include direction from coupled end towards isolation end according to
Fourth order, third rank, second-order and the first rank of secondary connection, fourth order, third rank, second-order and the height of the first rank are in order
Successively decrease;... and so on.
Fig. 2 shows another embodiment of microstrip directional coupler of the invention in, microstrip directional coupler include two
Coupled microstrip line 20, two coupled microstrip lines 20 are the ladder-like coupled microstrip line of three ranks, the ladder of every coupled microstrip line 20
Height is successively decreased from coupled end with to isolation end stepwise.
As shown in Fig. 2, two coupled microstrip lines 20 are respectively the first ladder-like coupled microstrip line and the second ladder-like coupling
It is two opposite that transmission microstrip line 10 is arranged in microstrip line, the first ladder-like coupled microstrip line and the second ladder-like coupled microstrip line
Side, and the ladder of the two is contrary.That is, the coupled end of the first ladder-like coupled microstrip line and the second ladder-like coupled microstrip line
Isolation end it is opposite, the isolation end of the first ladder-like coupled microstrip line is opposite with the coupled end of the second ladder-like coupled microstrip line.
Directional coupler basic principle are as follows:
As shown in figure 3, coupled microstrip line W34 is leaned on it when transmit has alternating current i1 to flow through in microstrip line W12
Closely, therefore W34 line is just coupled with energy, and energy had both passed through electric field (indicating with coupled capacitor) further through magnetic field (with coupling inductance table
Show) coupling.
By the coupling of coupled capacitor Cm, caused electric current is ic4 and ic3 in transmission line W34.It is fixed according to electromagnetic induction
It restrains, induction has electric current iL on online W34.The direction of induced current iL and ic4's is contrary.
Based on above-mentioned directional coupler basic principle, by the present invention in that with HFSS (High Frequency
Structure Simulator, high-frequency structure emulation) it emulates and tests, to the side of the run-in index directional coupler of the prior art
Tropism is probed into, simulation result and measured data it is as shown in table 1 below (in table 1, S13 is the degree of coupling, S14 is isolation,
Fre is frequency, and D is directionality):
1. run-in index directional coupler of table
From upper table 1 it is found that run-in index directional coupler is emulated using HFSS and measured result directionality is all in 10dB or so.
For convenience, the microstrip directional coupler of the ladder-like coupled microstrip line of second order will be used to be known as " second order herein
Microstrip directional coupler ", the microstrip directional coupler for using the ladder-like coupled microstrip line of three ranks is known as to " micro-strips of three ranks is fixed
To coupler ", the microstrip directional coupler for using the ladder-like coupled microstrip line of quadravalence is known as " the microstrip directional coupling of quadravalence
The rest may be inferred for device " ... ..., and the microstrip directional coupler of the ladder-like coupled microstrip line of N rank will be used to be known as " the microstrip directional of N rank
Coupler ".
Based on directional coupler basic principle above-mentioned, the present invention compared second order, three ranks, four by emulation and experiment
The microstrip directional coupler of rank, and expand to the N rank i.e. microstrip directional coupler of triangle, specific simulation result and measured data
It is such as following:
The microstrip directional coupler of 2. second order of table
(in table 2, Step_2 indicates second order, and S13 is the degree of coupling, S14 is isolation, and Fre is frequency, and D is directionality)
In conjunction with upper table 2 and Fig. 4-Fig. 5 it is found that the ladder microstrip coupler of second order uses HFSS emulation and measured result side
Tropism has 20dB or so.
The microstrip directional coupler of 3. 3 rank of table
(in table 3, Step_3 indicates three ranks, and S13 is the degree of coupling, S14 is isolation, and Fre is frequency, and D is directionality)
From upper table 3 it is found that the ladder microstrip coupler of three ranks is emulated using HFSS and measured result directionality has 20dB
Left and right.
The microstrip directional coupler of 4. quadravalence of table
(in table 4, Step_4 indicates quadravalence, and S13 is the degree of coupling, S14 is isolation, and Fre is frequency, and D is directionality)
From upper table 4 it is found that the ladder microstrip coupler of quadravalence is emulated using HFSS and measured result directionality has 20dB
Left and right.
It can be seen that the simulation value and reality of microstrip directional coupler of the invention by the data in upper table 2, table 2 and table 4
Measured value is almost the same.
It can be seen that microstrip directional coupler of the invention by the data of contrast table 1, table 2, table 3 and table 4 and compare run-in index
The directionality index of directional coupler can promote 10dB or so.Therefore, ladder-like microstrip coupled lineation proposed by the invention
By above can be with direction of improvement.
If the step number of coupled microstrip line 20 is expanded to N rank to make the width of coupled microstrip line 20 become in continuous
Change, the coupled microstrip line 20 can be made to be equivalent to a kind of structure design method of triangle, through this triangle knot of simulating, verifying
Structure can also significantly improve the directionality of coupler.As shown in fig. 6, seen from the simulation results arrives, step number expands to N rank, N rank it is micro-
After live line coupler is dimensionally-optimised, directionality also can improve 8dB compared with run-in index directional coupler.
By emulating above and measured result, in conjunction with such as Fig. 1, when having (the direction of i1 alternating current i1 in transmission microstrip line 10
P2 is flowed to by P1) when flow through, coupled microstrip line 20 is adjacent to, therefore coupled microstrip line 20 is just coupled with energy, and energy was both
It is coupled by electric field (being indicated with coupled capacitor) further through magnetic field (being indicated with coupling inductance).
By the coupling of coupled capacitor, caused electric current is i4 in coupled microstrip line 20 (direction of i1 flows to P4 by P3)
With i3 (direction of i3 flows to P3 by P4).According to the law of electromagnetic induction, induction has electric current iL on coupled microstrip line 20.Induced electricity
Flow iL direction and i4 it is contrary.The present invention passes through the stepped shape of coupled microstrip line 20, reduces the electric field of isolation end
Coupling reduces i4, the isolation of Lai Tigao isolation end, and then achievees the purpose that improve directionality.That is, by changing microstrip directional
Relationship between the field coupling and magnetic field coupling of coupler improves directionality.
Microstrip directional coupler of the invention has following advantage:
1. having 20dB or so using HFSS emulation and measured result directionality, improved than the existing parallel coupling device used
10dB or so;
2. frequency range is suitable for 100MHz-1GHz (being equally applicable to higher frequency range after parameter adjustment);
3. the structure of microstrip directional coupler of the present invention dimensionally has more advantage, the existing run-in index direction used is compared
Coupler is small by 25% or more.
It should be understood that above embodiments only express the preferred embodiment of the present invention, description is more specific and detailed
Carefully, but it cannot be understood as limitations on the scope of the patent of the present invention;It should be pointed out that for the common skill of this field
For art personnel, without departing from the inventive concept of the premise, above-mentioned technical characterstic can be freely combined, can also be done
Several modifications and improvements out, these are all within the scope of protection of the present invention;Therefore, all to be done with scope of the invention as claimed
Equivalents and modification, should belong to the covering scope of the claims in the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of microstrip directional coupler, which is characterized in that defeated including transmission microstrip line (10), coupled microstrip line (20), coupling
Outlet (30) and isolation output line (40), the isolation output line (40) and the coupling output line (30) are connected to described
The both ends of coupled microstrip line (20);The width of the coupled microstrip line (20) from connect it is described coupling output line (30) one end to
The other end for connecting isolation output line (40) gradually successively decreases.
2. microstrip directional coupler according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the coupled microstrip line (20) is ladder-like
, wherein the ladder height of the ladder-like coupled microstrip line is from one end of coupling output line (30) is connected to described in connection
The other end of isolation output line (40) successively decreases stepwise.
3. microstrip directional coupler according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the coupled microstrip line (20) is triangle
, wherein the width of the triangle coupled microstrip line is from described one end for coupling output line (30) is connected to the connection isolation
The other end of output line (40) successively decreases stepwise.
4. microstrip directional coupler according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the coupled microstrip line (20) is N rank rank
Scalariform coupled microstrip line, N are the integer greater than 1.
5. microstrip directional coupler according to claim 4, which is characterized in that the ladder-like coupled microstrip line is second order
Ladder-like coupled microstrip line, the ladder-like coupled microstrip line of three ranks or the ladder-like coupled microstrip line of quadravalence.
6. microstrip directional coupler according to claim 4, which is characterized in that the ladder-like coupled microstrip line it is adjacent
The difference in height of two-stage ladder is all the same or not identical.
7. microstrip directional coupler according to claim 4, which is characterized in that every grade of the ladder-like coupled microstrip line
The width of ladder is equal or unequal.
8. microstrip directional coupler according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the both ends point of transmission microstrip line (10)
It is not provided with the first connectivity port and second connection end mouth;
One end of coupling output line (30) connects the coupled microstrip line (20), and the other end is provided with third connectivity port;
One end of isolation output line (40) connects the coupled microstrip line (20), and the other end is provided with the 4th connectivity port.
9. microstrip directional coupler according to claim 1-8, which is characterized in that the microstrip directional coupler
Including at least two coupled microstrip lines (20), it is defeated that the both ends of every coupled microstrip line (20) are separately connected the isolation
Outlet (40) and the coupling output line (30).
10. microstrip directional coupler according to claim 9, which is characterized in that the microstrip directional coupler is equipped with two
Coupled microstrip line described in item (20), two coupled microstrip lines (20) settings are two opposite transmission microstrip line (10)
Side, the width of two coupled microstrip lines (20) successively decrease contrary.
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CN201810103147.1A CN110112527A (en) | 2018-02-01 | 2018-02-01 | Microstrip directional coupler |
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CN201810103147.1A CN110112527A (en) | 2018-02-01 | 2018-02-01 | Microstrip directional coupler |
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Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN111370833A (en) * | 2020-03-26 | 2020-07-03 | 清华大学 | Rectangular waveguide directional coupler |
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CN201478429U (en) * | 2009-07-22 | 2010-05-19 | 中兴通讯股份有限公司 | Microstrip line directional coupler |
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CN102509842A (en) * | 2011-11-22 | 2012-06-20 | 华为技术有限公司 | Directional coupler |
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CN102282721A (en) * | 2009-01-19 | 2011-12-14 | 住友电气工业株式会社 | Directional coupler and wireless communication apparatus comprising thereof |
CN201478429U (en) * | 2009-07-22 | 2010-05-19 | 中兴通讯股份有限公司 | Microstrip line directional coupler |
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Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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CN111370833A (en) * | 2020-03-26 | 2020-07-03 | 清华大学 | Rectangular waveguide directional coupler |
CN111370833B (en) * | 2020-03-26 | 2021-04-30 | 清华大学 | Rectangular waveguide directional coupler |
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Application publication date: 20190809 |