CN110112453B - Secondary rechargeable battery based on independent unit, manufacturing and control method - Google Patents
Secondary rechargeable battery based on independent unit, manufacturing and control method Download PDFInfo
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- CN110112453B CN110112453B CN201910440908.7A CN201910440908A CN110112453B CN 110112453 B CN110112453 B CN 110112453B CN 201910440908 A CN201910440908 A CN 201910440908A CN 110112453 B CN110112453 B CN 110112453B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/04—Construction or manufacture in general
- H01M10/0413—Large-sized flat cells or batteries for motive or stationary systems with plate-like electrodes
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/058—Construction or manufacture
- H01M10/0585—Construction or manufacture of accumulators having only flat construction elements, i.e. flat positive electrodes, flat negative electrodes and flat separators
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
- H01M10/44—Methods for charging or discharging
- H01M10/441—Methods for charging or discharging for several batteries or cells simultaneously or sequentially
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
- Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product
Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of rechargeable batteries, and discloses a rechargeable battery based on independent units, and a manufacturing and control method thereof, wherein the rechargeable battery based on the independent units comprises a plurality of independent battery units which are connected in series; the battery unit comprises a battery consisting of positive and negative electrodes, a diaphragm or a solid electrolyte; when the positive electrode and the negative electrode are connected in series, the positive electrode of the first unit and the negative electrode of the first unit are formed, and the negative electrode of the first unit and the positive electrode of the second unit share one stainless steel foil; sequentially arranging the cells up to the end; wherein, the negative pole of the penultimate unit and the positive pole of the unit at the tail end share a stainless steel foil. In the invention, between the series-connected unit batteries, the number of the series-connected units can be used as a connecting switch blade by a movable chute, and the proper number of the unit batteries can be selected to be connected in series; and meanwhile, the batteries which determine the number of the series units are connected in parallel, so that the effect of regulating current and voltage along with the vehicle condition is achieved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of rechargeable batteries, and particularly relates to a secondary rechargeable battery based on an independent unit, and a manufacturing and control method of the secondary rechargeable battery.
Background
Currently, the current state of the art commonly used in the industry is such that:
the structure of a conventional rechargeable battery, such as a lithium rechargeable battery, a nickel metal hydride rechargeable battery, a lithium polymer rechargeable battery, etc., is manufactured by first manufacturing a Core Cell (Core Cell) in a battery manufacturer, and then using a metal material as a package casing. Then, the core Battery having the metal case is delivered to a Battery assembly plant, the Battery assembly plant electrically connects the protection circuit and the core Battery, and finally, the protection circuit and the core Battery are packaged by using an external packaging case made of another material, such as a plastic material, which is different from the metal material, thereby completing the assembly of a Rechargeable Battery Pack (Rechargeable Battery Pack).
The conventional secondary battery is manufactured by the conventional technique, and therefore, a metal casing is inevitably required, so that the size of the manufactured secondary battery is greatly limited, and it is obviously difficult to implement the conventional technique, for example, to further reduce the size of the manufactured secondary battery to be miniaturized or miniaturized, or to increase the module voltage of the battery per unit volume.
High-energy rechargeable batteries have great application value, and 3D printing technology is adopted to print battery units, and the battery units are connected in series to form a high-voltage module, so that the manufacturing of the battery can be changed by adapting the battery. The technology of the series unit structure battery fully utilizes the low-voltage part of the long-life large-capacity battery, enables the uneven battery to discharge stably, is provided with three-level control strategy systems aiming at different discharge voltage platforms, enables the battery to be widely applied to electric automobiles, energy storage and electric tools, has the characteristics of high efficiency and safety, and belongs to the technical field of batteries.
Some rechargeable batteries have larger specific capacity, but the part of the rechargeable batteries with the capacity at low voltage occupies larger capacity during discharging, or the rechargeable batteries can be completely connected with the unit batteries in series to utilize the low-voltage capacity of the lithium ion battery, so that the energy-saving effect is achieved. If the partial voltage can be efficiently utilized by adopting a voltage transformation technology, the full utilization of the battery energy is very good.
For a long time, the requirements on the performance of battery materials are severe, so that a plurality of materials with large capacity cannot be fully utilized, and the properties of passively-accepted materials are caused. However, if the voltage transformation technique can be used, it can be utilized. However, the transformation technology is difficult to realize. The idea is that rechargeable batteries are constructed by adopting the battery cells to manufacture batteries which can be used for electric automobiles. The technology for manufacturing the battery cell by adopting the traditional manufacturing method has complex process, is not beneficial to rapid and safe production and has process defects.
In summary, the problems of the prior art are:
(1) In the prior art, the current and voltage of the existing rechargeable battery cannot be adjusted in real time according to the vehicle condition. The blade of the sliding groove is difficult to adjust. And the current-voltage regulation range is small.
(2) The progressive discharge between the battery modules cannot be adjusted in real time but discharged as a whole.
(3) The battery can form high specific capacity and high voltage in a space with smaller unit volume;
(4) The series-parallel connection of the battery units can effectively utilize batteries with large specific capacity and low voltage, thereby expanding the wide application of high-specific-capacity battery materials.
(5) The battery, such as a lithium-sulfur battery, which is now researched and developed, has a large amount of lithium metal in an electrode, lithium dendrites are generated during the oxidation-reduction process of the lithium metal during the charging and discharging processes, and a separator is pierced to cause short circuit, while the lithium metal consumption of each unit of the battery is small, and under the condition that the specific capacity of a counter electrode is large, lithium dendrites are not easily formed, so that the safety becomes the greatest advantage of the battery.
(6) In the prior art, the requirements on the performance of battery materials are strict, so that a plurality of materials with large capacity cannot be fully utilized, and the properties of passively-accepted materials are caused. The transformation technology in the prior art is difficult to realize. The traditional technology for manufacturing the battery cell by the manufacturing method has complex process, is not beneficial to rapid and safe production and has process defects.
Disclosure of Invention
The present invention provides a secondary rechargeable battery based on an independent cell, a method of manufacturing and controlling the same, and a method of controlling the same.
The present invention is achieved by an independent cell-based secondary rechargeable battery including a plurality of independent battery cells connected in series inside;
the battery unit comprises a positive electrode, a negative electrode, a diaphragm and a solid electrolyte;
when the positive electrode and the negative electrode are connected in series, the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the first unit are formed, and the negative electrode (lithium metal film) of the first unit and the positive electrode (electrode active material) of the second unit share one stainless steel foil; as shown in fig. 1, the cells up to the end are arranged in sequence;
the negative electrode of the penultimate cell and the positive electrode of the terminal cell share a stainless steel foil.
The discharge voltage platform of each battery unit is divided into four stages, the voltage range of the first stage platform is 3.3V-2.0V, the voltage range of the second stage discharge is 2.0V-1.0V, the voltage range of the third stage discharge is 0.99V-0.3V, and the voltage range of the fourth stage discharge platform is 0.3-0.03V.
Furthermore, the number of the battery units is 5-100;
the total voltage of the secondary rechargeable batteries based on the individual cells is a multiple of the discharge voltage of the superimposed battery cells;
when discharging in the use process, the battery units are connected in parallel, and the total current intensity is the number of the battery units multiplied by the current intensity of each battery unit. As shown in fig. 2, two cells are stacked in series.
The rechargeable batteries may be connected in series, parallel, or the like to form a battery module.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a method for controlling a step discharge of a secondary rechargeable battery based on independent cells, which can select a discharge plateau according to the battery cell discharge plateau step, comprising:
selecting a parallel module which is composed of at least two series-connected battery units, and during discharging, independently discharging each parallel module from 330V to 110V; discharging the 330V-110V parallel modules to a specified lower limit voltage;
then 3 groups of 110V-33.4V parallel modules are adopted, and each group of 110V-33.4V parallel modules continuously discharges to the specified voltage;
continuing to discharge 10 groups of 33.4-10V parallel modules, and continuing to discharge each group of 33.4-10V parallel modules to 5V; discharging of 60 groups of 5.0V parallel modules is continued.
Furthermore, the parallel battery modules form a battery system, and the battery system is charged during charging;
under the condition of needing large current, firstly connecting one or more series cells of the series cells in parallel to form a large-current parallel cell module, and then further connecting the large-current parallel cell module in series to form a series high-voltage cell system;
the battery systems are connected in series and then connected in parallel, or connected in parallel and then connected in series; i = I1+ I2+.... + In/, and then V = V1+ V2+ \8230, + Vn.
Furthermore, in the series-connected battery units, the serial number of the battery units is used as a connecting knife by a movable chute to be connected in series; meanwhile, parallel connection of a plurality of batteries connected in series is formed, and current and voltage are regulated;
the sliding grooves are provided with the switch blades, the distance between the switch blades is adjusted, and the number of the unit batteries is adjusted.
Further, the slide switch blade rotates 90 degrees around the slide shaft to adjust the distance between the slides; the determination of the serial number of the unit batteries is completed within the specified time and interval, and the specified unit serial batteries output the specified voltage and current or the specified power.
Further, an external metal wire point is welded at the bottom of the slideway; the slideway slot is made of non-metallic materials or ceramics or insulating plastics;
the minimum blade pitch is the contact pitch of the battery cell.
Further, the control method of the graded discharge adopts the constant current intensity discharge, and specifically includes:
dividing a battery formed by series-parallel connection of battery units into a plurality of modules according to a use way; during discharging, a control method of graded discharging is adopted, few series-parallel modules are selected when the principle is high-end voltage, and the same modules are selected one by one according to application conditions and used as the same layers;
step two, after the module of the same discharging level is finished, selecting the module which is discharged to the specified voltage from the high end step by step, expanding the number of series-parallel connection, and controlling the discharging step by step;
and step three, continuously repeating the step one and the step two until the specified voltage is discharged.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a method of manufacturing the secondary rechargeable battery based on the independent cells, the method of manufacturing the secondary rechargeable battery based on the independent cells including:
1) Calculating the thickness and scale shape of a lithium film according to the demand according to the lithium embedding amount in a positive plate in the battery on one surface of the stainless steel foil, and directly spraying lithium metal on one surface of the stainless steel foil by adopting a hot injection molding technology in vacuum;
2) Firstly, according to the weight percentage value of (70-85): (15-8): (15-7) respectively weighing the nano silicon carbide powder active material, the conductive agent graphene and the PVDF, stirring and mixing the three components in a stirrer, uniformly stirring the mixture and the NMP according to a weight percentage ratio of 1;
3) In vacuum, the thickness of a positive plate with a geometric shape is regulated on the other side of the stainless steel foil sprayed with the lithium metal film according to the amount of the lithium film of the negative plate, and a nozzle is controlled to spray and mix an active electrode material to form an active material electrode film;
4) Repeating the steps 1) to 3) to prepare the stainless steel foil electrode slice;
5) Preparing a stainless steel foil coated with a lithium metal film by adopting the step 1);
6) Preparing a stainless steel foil electrode active material sheet by adopting the step 3);
7) Calculating the dosage of the solid electrolyte, and spraying electrolyte colloid on the lithium metal film and the electrode active material film by adopting an ink-jet printer;
8) Sandwiching a celguard film between the positive and negative electrode plates to form a battery cell between the stainless steel foils;
9) Overlapping the battery units in series, and respectively covering the electrode plates in the step 5) and the step 6) at two ends of the battery;
10 All the stacked stainless steel foils in series are packaged into a whole along the edges.
Further, in the step 1), the thickness of the lithium film is 1-1000 um; in the step 3), the thickness of the active material electrode film is 10-5000 um.
In summary, the advantages and positive effects of the invention are as follows:
the invention provides a secondary rechargeable battery based on independent units, which is internally formed by independent units connected in series, wherein the battery unit is formed by batteries consisting of positive and negative electrodes, a diaphragm and a solid electrolyte, the positive and negative electrodes are connected in series and are formed by a positive electrode and a negative electrode of a first unit, the negative electrode and a positive electrode of a second unit share a stainless steel foil, the arrangement is carried out until the unit at the tail end, the negative electrode of the penultimate unit and the positive electrode of the unit at the tail end share a stainless steel foil, and the battery is formed by 5-100 units according to the application state.
Between the series-connected unit batteries, the series number of the units can be used as a connecting knife by a movable sliding chute, and as shown in fig. 3, two rows of 6 rows of unit batteries can be selected from a series-parallel scheme. The slideway blade is shown in figure 4. An appropriate number of unit cells may be selected to be connected in series. Meanwhile, the batteries with the determined number of the series units are connected in parallel, so that the effect of regulating current and voltage along with the vehicle condition is achieved. The sliding groove is provided with the knife switches, the distance between the knife switches can be adjusted, and therefore the number of the unit batteries can be adjusted. The slide switch can rotate 90 degrees around the slide shaft, and the slide distance can be adjusted besides the rotation. Thus, the determination of the number of the series-connected unit cells can be completed within a predetermined time and interval, so that the predetermined series-connected unit cells output a predetermined voltage and current or a predetermined power. The knife blades are insulated. And there is an external metal wire point at the bottom of the slideway. The runner is a non-metallic material or ceramic or insulating plastic.
The minimum blade pitch is the contact pitch of the unit cell, and the rest is integral multiple thereof. May be after the movement. And the series connection unit is used for series connection of one section of the series connection unit. Thus, the parallel connection is achieved on the basis of the series units.
With a battery, this is simply a unit module consisting of three modules: the starting voltage range of the first-stage transformer is 0.03V-0.3V, the starting voltage range of the second-stage transformer is 0.3-0.99V, and the starting voltage range of the third-stage transformer is 1.0V-2.0V.
The invention adopts the 3D printing technology to stably and normatively manufacture the battery cell, and ensures the uniformity to a great extent.
When the battery is used, the lifting device can be adopted to connect the external connectors in series and parallel, so that a fixed battery system is avoided, the battery system can be accurately adjusted according to working conditions, the reasonable utilization of electric energy is achieved, the battery is protected, and the driving system is efficient and energy-saving.
Between the series unit batteries, the number of unit series can be used as a connecting knife by a movable chute, and the proper number of unit batteries can be selected to be connected in series. Meanwhile, the batteries with the determined number of the series units are connected in parallel, so that the effect of regulating current and voltage along with the vehicle condition is achieved. The distance between the knife switches can be adjusted by moving the knife switch of the sliding groove, thereby adjusting the number of the unit batteries. The slide switch can rotate 90 degrees around the slide shaft, and the slide distance can be adjusted besides the rotation. Thus, the determination of the number of the series-connected unit cells can be completed within a predetermined time and interval, so that the predetermined series-connected unit cells output a predetermined voltage and current or a predetermined power. The knife blades are insulated. And there is an external metal wire point at the bottom of the slideway. The runner is a non-metallic material or ceramic or insulating plastic.
The minimum blade pitch is the contact pitch of the unit cell, and the rest is integral multiple thereof. May be after the movement. And the series connection unit is used for series connection of one section of the series connection unit. In this way, parallel connection is achieved on the basis of series-connected units. The method provides guarantee for the current intensity and the voltage output of the battery to reach the rated requirements, so that in a hierarchical control strategy, the optimal battery number is effectively utilized to form an optimization system, the battery is prevented from heating, the phenomenon that the whole battery module is damaged due to the damage of one series unit is eliminated, the sustainability of a long-distance cruising process is ensured, and the method has important practical significance for safe driving.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a diagram of a stainless steel two-sided printed electrode of a standalone cell-based secondary rechargeable battery according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a diagram of a two-cell stacked tandem cell provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a diagram of a two-column six-row cell selectable series-parallel scheme according to an embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic view of a slide bar and a knife in a slide way provided by an embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 5 is a flowchart of a method for manufacturing a secondary rechargeable battery based on an independent cell according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is a flowchart of a method for controlling a step discharge according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is further described in detail with reference to the following embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and do not limit the invention.
In the prior art, the current and voltage of the existing rechargeable battery cannot be adjusted in real time according to the vehicle condition. The blade adjustment of the sliding groove is difficult. And the current-voltage regulation range is small.
The gradual discharge between the battery modules cannot be adjusted in real time but discharged as a whole.
In view of the above, the principles of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
The secondary rechargeable battery based on the independent units provided by the embodiment of the invention internally comprises a plurality of independent battery units which are connected in series.
The battery unit comprises a battery consisting of positive and negative electrodes, a diaphragm and a solid electrolyte;
when the positive electrode and the negative electrode are connected in series, the positive electrode of the first unit and the negative electrode of the first unit are formed, and the negative electrode of the first unit and the positive electrode of the second unit share one stainless steel foil; sequentially arranging the cells up to the end;
wherein, the negative pole of the penultimate unit and the positive pole of the unit at the tail end share a stainless steel foil.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the number of the battery cells is 5 to 100.
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the total voltage of the secondary rechargeable batteries based on the individual cells is a multiple of the discharge voltage of the superimposed battery cells.
As a preferred embodiment of the invention, when discharging in use, the battery units are connected in parallel, and the total current intensity is the number of the battery units multiplied by the current intensity of each battery unit.
In an embodiment of the present invention, fig. 1 is a diagram of stainless steel both-sided printed electrodes of a secondary rechargeable battery based on independent cells provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a diagram of a two-cell stacked tandem cell provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a diagram of a two-column six-row cell selectable series-parallel scheme according to an embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a slide bar and a knife in a slide way according to an embodiment of the invention.
The principles of the present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
As shown in fig. 5, the method for manufacturing a secondary rechargeable battery based on an independent cell according to an embodiment of the present invention specifically includes:
s101, calculating the thickness and the scale shape of a lithium film according to the demand according to the lithium embedding amount in a positive plate in a battery on one surface of a stainless steel foil, and directly spraying lithium metal on one surface of the stainless steel foil by adopting a hot injection molding technology in vacuum, wherein the thickness is limited to 1-1000 um;
s102, fully mixing nano silicon carbide powder active material, conductive agent graphene, PVDF and NMP in a vacuum mechanical stirrer to prepare slow flow type colloid, namely an ink-jet type fluid state active electrode material, and introducing the active electrode material into an ink-jet printer;
s103, in vacuum, the thickness of the positive plate with a geometrical shape is regulated on the other surface of the stainless steel foil sprayed with the lithium metal film according to the amount of the lithium film of the negative plate, and a spray head is controlled by an accurate scale to spray a mixed active electrode material to form an active material electrode film with the thickness of 10-5000 microns;
s104, repeating the three steps to prepare the stainless steel foil electrode slice;
s105, preparing a stainless steel foil sprayed with the lithium metal film by adopting the step S101;
s106, preparing a stainless steel foil electrode active material sheet by adopting the step S103;
s107, calculating the using amount of the solid electrolyte, and spraying electrolyte colloid on the lithium metal film and the electrode active material film by adopting an ink-jet printer;
s108, clamping a celguard film between the positive electrode plate and the negative electrode plate to form a battery unit between the stainless steel foils;
s109, connecting the superposed battery units in series, and covering the electrode plates S105 and S106 at the two ends of the battery respectively;
and S110, packaging all the superposed serial stainless steel foils into a whole along the edge.
In an embodiment of the present invention, a cell manufactured by a stacking series process has a voltage rise that is a multiple of the discharge voltage of the stacked cells. For example, the discharge voltage range of the unit cell is 3.3V-0.05V, the discharge platform is divided into 3 sections, 3.3V-1V, 1V-0.1V and 0.1-0.05V, and the voltage range of the series battery is 330V-5V when the number of the superposed unit cells is 100.
When discharging in the use process, the series batteries further adopt a parallel connection mode, and the current intensity is obtained by multiplying the number of the series batteries by the current intensity.
In the embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 6, the control method of the graded discharge adopts equal current intensity discharge, which specifically includes:
s201, dividing a battery formed by series-parallel connection of battery units into a plurality of modules according to a use way; during discharging, a control strategy of graded discharging is adopted, few serial-parallel modules are selected when the principle is high-end voltage, and the same modules are selected one by one according to application conditions to be used as the same layers.
S202, after the modules of the same discharging level are finished, selecting the modules which have been discharged to the specified voltage from the high end step by step, expanding the number of series-parallel connection, and controlling the discharging step by step;
and S203, continuously repeating the processes of the step S201 and the step S202 until the specified voltage is discharged.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the control method of the stepped discharge of the secondary rechargeable battery based on the individual cells further includes:
selecting a parallel module which is composed of at least two series batteries, and during discharging, independently discharging each parallel module from 330V to 110V according to the requirement; discharging such a module to a specified lower limit voltage; then each group of the 3 groups of the 110V-33.4V parallel modules is continuously discharged to the specified voltage; continuing to discharge 10 groups of 33.4V-10V parallel modules, wherein each group of modules continues to discharge to 5V; and continuing to discharge 60 groups of 5.0V parallel modules.
The parallel battery modules form a battery system, and the battery module system can be charged during charging.
In the embodiment of the invention, under the condition of needing large current, one or more series cells of the series cells can be connected in parallel to form a large-current parallel cell module, and then the large-current parallel cell module is further connected in series to form a series high-voltage cell system.
The parallel battery modules form a battery system, and can be connected in series and then in parallel or connected in parallel and then in series as required.
Between the series-connected unit batteries, the number of the unit series-connected units can be used as a connecting knife by a movable chute, and the appropriate number of the unit batteries can be selected to be connected in series. Meanwhile, the batteries which are determined to be connected in series are connected in parallel, so that the effect of regulating current and voltage according to the vehicle condition is achieved. The sliding groove is provided with the knife switches, the distance between the knife switches can be adjusted, and therefore the number of the unit batteries can be adjusted.
In the embodiment of the invention, the slide switch blade can rotate 90 degrees around the slide shaft, and the distance between the slides can be adjusted besides rotation. Thus, the determination of the number of the series-connected unit cells can be completed within a predetermined time and interval, so that the predetermined series-connected unit cells output a predetermined voltage and current or a predetermined power. The knife blades are insulated. And there is an external metal wire point at the bottom of the slideway. The channel of the slideway is of a non-metallic material or ceramic or insulating plastic.
The minimum blade pitch is the contact pitch of the unit cell, and the rest is integral multiple thereof. May be after the movement. And the series connection unit is used as a section of series connection unit. Thus, the parallel connection is achieved on the basis of the series units. The method provides guarantee for the current intensity and the voltage output of the battery to reach the rated requirements, so that in a hierarchical control strategy, the optimal battery number is effectively utilized to form an optimization system, the battery is prevented from heating, the phenomenon that the whole battery module is damaged due to the damage of one series unit is eliminated, the sustainability of a long-distance cruising process is ensured, and the method has important practical significance for safe driving.
In the embodiment of the invention, the starting voltage range of the first-stage transformer is 0.03V-0.3V, the starting voltage range of the second-stage transformer is 0.3-0.99V, and the starting voltage range of the third-stage transformer is 1.0V-2.0V.
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, when the battery system is applied to a large current, one or more series-connected cells of the series-connected cells are connected in parallel to form a large-current parallel-connected battery module, and then are further connected in series to form a series-connected high-voltage battery system; i = I1+ I2+. So. + In/, and then V = V1+ V2+ \8230, + Vn.
The parallel battery modules form a battery system and are connected in series and then in parallel or are connected in parallel and then in series; v = V1+ V2+ \8230; + Vn, and then I = I1+ I2+. + -. In.
The invention is further described below in connection with specific applications.
The invention aims to adopt a 3D printing technology to manufacture a positive plate battery core, connect battery units in series and connect the battery units in series according to the specified application requirements so as to achieve the required voltage value. The power supply constituted by the battery has high safety. When the battery is discharged at a high current and equal intensity, the voltage of the battery reaches 3.5-2V because the voltage is at a higher position in the initial stage; as the time of the discharging process is prolonged, the discharging voltage is gradually reduced, the voltage is at the position of 2-1V, and the battery is discharged to enter the intermediate process; and with the further energy release of capacity, the voltage is reduced to a lower position and reaches 1-0.05V, and when the battery is discharged, the battery is required to be dynamically divided into modules for carrying out graded dynamic discharge control management, so that gradual dynamic module discharge is formed, the stability of output power is kept, the power supply outputs voltage to meet the load requirement, the battery electric energy is fully utilized, and the electric energy is effectively saved.
When in use, the utility model is used,
and (1) the battery formed by the series-parallel connection of the battery units can be divided into a plurality of modules according to the use route. During discharging, a control strategy of graded discharging is adopted, the principle is that few serial-parallel modules are selected during high-end voltage, and the same modules are selected one by one according to application conditions and used as the same layers;
(2) After the modules of the same discharging level are finished, selecting the modules which have been discharged to the specified voltage from the high end step by step, expanding the number of series and parallel connection of the modules, and controlling the discharging step by step; through such a discharge process;
(3) Continuing to repeat the above processes (1) and (2) until the specified voltage is discharged, for example, selecting a series module, and first discharging each series module from 300V to 100V; such a module is discharged to a specified lower limit voltage. Each group of the 3 groups of the 100V-33.4V series modules is continuously discharged to the specified voltage; continuing to discharge 10 groups of 33.4V-10V series modules, wherein each group of the modules continues to discharge to 3.34V; continuously connecting 100 groups of 3.34V-5.0V in series; the cell modules are discharged for each group of the battery modules,
after the last stage of gradual discharging is finished, discharging the battery to a certain degree according to the regulation, namely the voltage corresponding to more than 90% of the battery capacity, namely the battery is charged after discharging is finished; when charging, the whole battery can be charged, and the whole performance of the battery is favorable.
If the inverter is used for transformation, the defects of large volume and heavy weight are formed. However, the battery voltage transformation is not higher than other power transformation, the voltage is continuously reduced in the discharging process, the voltage transformation at this stage is actually a dynamic voltage reduction process, if no limitation is imposed on the current, the current is also a dynamic process, and the discharging current is limited to be small current density constant current discharging. The ultra-low voltage boosting system which adopts the direct design and manufacture of the battery with long service life, small volume, stability and high safety has great use value. The ultra-low voltage transformation chip can be adopted to generate a transformation system with a longer service life.
In an embodiment of the present invention, a cell manufactured by the stacked series process has a voltage rise that is a multiple of the discharge voltage of the stacked cells. If the discharge voltage range of the unit batteries is 3.3V-0.05V, the discharge platform is divided into 3 sections, 3.3V-1V, 1V-0.1V and 0.1-0.05V, and the voltage range of the series battery is 330V-5V when the number of the superposed unit batteries is 100. This can be applied to different voltage requirements.
If the voltage requirement is only 4V, 10 series-connected unit cells can be considered to form a 30-0.5V battery; 10 such series-connected cells are connected in parallel to form a battery module. When discharging, a step discharge is considered.
The batteries are connected in parallel to form a circuit according to requirements, and when the batteries are discharged in the using process, the batteries connected in series are further connected in parallel, and the current intensity is obtained by multiplying the number of the batteries connected in series by the current intensity.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents and improvements made within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. A method of controlling a hierarchical discharge of a secondary rechargeable battery based on individual cells, the method comprising:
the discharge voltage platform of each battery unit is divided into four stages, the voltage range of a first stage platform is 3.3V-2.0V, the voltage range of a second stage discharge voltage is 2.0V-1.0V, the voltage range of a third stage discharge voltage is 0.99V-0.3V, and the voltage range of a fourth stage discharge platform is 0.3-0.03V;
selecting a group of 330V-110V parallel modules, at least comprising two series battery units, and during discharging, independently discharging the 330V-110V parallel modules; discharging the 330V-110V parallel modules to a specified lower limit voltage;
then 3 groups of 110V-33.4V parallel modules are adopted, and each group of 110V-33.4V parallel modules continuously discharges to the specified voltage;
continuing to discharge 10 groups of 33.4-10V parallel modules, and continuing to discharge each group of 33.4-10V parallel modules to 5V; discharging the 60 groups of 5.0V parallel modules continuously;
the independent cell-based secondary rechargeable battery includes a plurality of independent battery cells connected in series inside;
the battery unit comprises positive and negative electrodes, a diaphragm or a solid electrolyte;
when the positive electrode and the negative electrode are connected in series, the positive electrode of the first unit and the negative electrode of the first unit are formed, and the negative electrode of the first unit and the positive electrode of the second unit share one stainless steel foil; sequentially arranging the cells up to the end;
the negative electrode of the penultimate cell and the positive electrode of the terminal cell share a stainless steel foil.
2. The method of controlling a graded discharge of an individual cell-based secondary rechargeable battery according to claim 1, wherein the number of the battery cells is 5 to 100 among a plurality of individual battery cells connected in series inside the individual cell-based secondary rechargeable battery;
the total voltage of the secondary rechargeable batteries based on the individual cells is a multiple of the discharge voltage of the superimposed battery cells;
when discharging in the use process, the battery units are connected in parallel, and the total current intensity is the number of the battery units multiplied by the current intensity of each battery unit.
3. The method of controlling the step discharge of a secondary rechargeable battery based on independent cells as set forth in claim 1, wherein the parallel battery modules constitute a battery system which, when charged,
under the condition of needing large current, one or more units of series batteries of the series units are firstly connected in parallel to form a large-current parallel battery module, and then the large-current parallel battery module is further connected in series to form a series high-voltage battery system;
the battery systems are connected in parallel and then in series; the first parallel connection and the second series connection are as follows: i = I1+ I2+ ·.
4. The control method for the step discharge of a secondary rechargeable battery based on independent units according to claim 1, wherein, in the series-connected battery units, the number of the battery units connected in series is connected in series by using a moving chute as a connecting blade; meanwhile, parallel connection of a plurality of batteries connected in series is formed, and the current and voltage are adjusted;
the sliding grooves are provided with the switch blades, the distance between the switch blades is adjusted, and the number of the unit batteries is adjusted.
5. The control method for the graded discharge of a secondary rechargeable battery based on independent cells according to claim 4, wherein the slide blade is rotated by 90 ° about the slide axis to adjust the slide interval; the determination of the serial number of the unit batteries is completed within the specified time and interval, and the specified unit serial batteries output the specified voltage and current or the specified power.
6. The method for controlling the graded discharge of a secondary rechargeable battery based on independent cells according to claim 4, wherein an external metal wire point is welded to the bottom of the chute; the slideway slot is made of non-metallic material;
the minimum blade pitch is the contact pitch of the battery cell.
7. A method of manufacturing an individual cell-based secondary rechargeable battery according to claim 1, wherein the method of manufacturing an individual cell-based secondary rechargeable battery comprises:
1) Calculating the thickness and scale shape of a lithium film according to the demand according to the lithium embedding amount in a positive plate in the battery on one surface of the stainless steel foil, and directly spraying lithium metal on one surface of the stainless steel foil by adopting a hot injection molding technology in vacuum;
2) Firstly, according to the weight percentage value of (70-85): (15-8): (15-7) respectively weighing the nano silicon carbide powder active material, the conductive agent graphene and the PVDF, stirring and mixing the three components in a stirrer, uniformly stirring the mixture and the NMP according to a weight percentage ratio of 1;
3) In vacuum, the thickness of a positive plate with a geometric shape is regulated on the other side of the stainless steel foil sprayed with the lithium metal film according to the amount of the lithium film of the negative plate, and a nozzle is controlled to spray and mix an active electrode material to form an active material electrode film;
4) Repeating the steps 1) to 3) to prepare the stainless steel foil electrode slice;
5) Preparing a stainless steel foil coated with a lithium metal film by adopting the step 1);
6) Preparing a stainless steel foil electrode active material sheet by adopting the step 3);
7) Calculating the dosage of the solid electrolyte, and spraying electrolyte colloid on the lithium metal film and the electrode active material film by adopting an ink-jet printer;
8) Sandwiching a celguard film between the positive and negative electrode plates to form a battery cell between the stainless steel foils;
9) Overlapping the battery units to be connected in series, and respectively covering the electrode plates in the step 5) and the step 6) at the two ends of the battery;
10 All the stacked stainless steel foils in series are packaged into a whole along the edges.
8. The method for manufacturing a secondary rechargeable battery based on independent cells according to claim 7, wherein in the step 1), the thickness of the lithium thin film is 1 to 1000um;
in the step 3), the thickness of the active material electrode film is 10-5000 um.
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| CN104868095A (en) * | 2014-02-25 | 2015-08-26 | 江门市荣炭电子材料有限公司 | Carbon-silicon composite electrode material and preparation method thereof |
| CN106099169A (en) * | 2015-04-27 | 2016-11-09 | 松下知识产权经营株式会社 | Battery |
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| CN104868095A (en) * | 2014-02-25 | 2015-08-26 | 江门市荣炭电子材料有限公司 | Carbon-silicon composite electrode material and preparation method thereof |
| CN106099169A (en) * | 2015-04-27 | 2016-11-09 | 松下知识产权经营株式会社 | Battery |
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