CN110110464B - Method for quantitatively solving basin water reserve change elastic coefficient of runoff - Google Patents
Method for quantitatively solving basin water reserve change elastic coefficient of runoff Download PDFInfo
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- CN110110464B CN110110464B CN201910406343.0A CN201910406343A CN110110464B CN 110110464 B CN110110464 B CN 110110464B CN 201910406343 A CN201910406343 A CN 201910406343A CN 110110464 B CN110110464 B CN 110110464B
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- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 6
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Abstract
The invention relates to a method for quantitatively solving a basin water reserve change elastic coefficient of runoff, which is a method for decomposing effective rainfall in a water balance equation basis considering basin water reserve change into the difference between the rainfall and the basin water reserve change and finding the water reserve change elastic coefficient of the runoff by further derivation on the basis. By adopting the technical scheme, when rainfall, potential evapotranspiration, basin water reserve change and evaporation observed in a historical period exist, the sensitivity of the runoff to the basin water reserve change (namely the water reserve elastic coefficient of the runoff) can be quantitatively calculated. The sensitivity of the runoff is a relatively stable characteristic, so that the runoff change rate caused by water reserve change can be estimated through the water reserve elastic coefficient of the runoff obtained in a historical period under human activities such as future climate change or underground water exploitation, and technical support is provided for comprehensively evaluating the response of water resource amount in a changing environment.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of hydrology and water resources, and particularly relates to a method for quantitatively solving a basin water reserve change elastic coefficient of runoff.
Background
The watershed water reserve change (Δ S) mainly includes a watershed groundwater reserve change, a soil water content change, and a surface water reserve change. The method is one of key factors in basin water balance and is the difference between the total amount of basin precipitation and runoff and evaporation. Is a key factor influencing the runoff of the basin. In recent years, with the exploitation of underground water resources by human beings and frequent extreme climatic events, the change of the water reserves of the watershed is more and more obvious, and the influence on the runoff of the watershed is larger and larger.
The elastic coefficient is one of important technical means for quantifying the change of the influence factors of the sensitivity of the runoff of the watershed. At present, many researches have given out a method for quantitatively solving the rainfall elastic coefficient and the potential evapotranspiration elastic coefficient of runoff. However, few studies have given a direct quantitative solution to the elastic coefficient of water reserve changes. The invention provides an elastic coefficient method for quantitatively solving water reserve change aiming at the blank point.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a method for quantitatively solving the void point which is relatively lacked by a method for quantitatively solving the elastic coefficient of the water reserve change of a runoff convection basin.
The invention aims to realize the following technical scheme, and the method for quantitatively solving the basin water reserve change elastic coefficient of the runoff comprises the following specific steps:
water quantity balance equation taking into account the water reserve change (Tang et al, 2017):
wherein E is evaporation, P is precipitation, Δ S is basin water reserve change, EpIs a potential evapotranspiration, phisIs a parameter of reaction seasonality, alphasIs a parameter for reflecting the condition of the underlying surface of the basin;
the elastic coefficient is the ratio of the dependent variable change rate to the independent variable change rate, and the elastic coefficient of the runoff refers to the ratio of the change rate of the runoff to the change rate of the driving factor:
wherein Q is runoff, and Delta S is a certain driving factor, such as precipitation and the like;
considering a water quantity balance equation of basin water storage quantity change, combining a basic definition of an elastic coefficient and an annual water quantity balance equation (Q ═ P-E-Delta S), and calculating the elastic coefficient of the runoff to the basin water storage quantity change:
compared with the prior art, the method disclosed by the invention has the advantages that the effective rainfall in the water balance equation basis considering the change of the water reserve of the basin is decomposed into the difference between the rainfall and the change of the water reserve of the basin, and the water reserve change elastic coefficient of the runoff is found through further derivation on the basis. By adopting the technical scheme, when rainfall, potential evapotranspiration, basin water reserve change and evaporation observed in a historical period exist, the sensitivity of the runoff to the basin water reserve change (namely the water reserve elastic coefficient of the runoff) can be quantitatively calculated. The sensitivity of the runoff is a relatively stable characteristic, so that the runoff change rate caused by water reserve change can be estimated through the water reserve elastic coefficient of the runoff obtained in a historical period under human activities such as future climate change or underground water exploitation, and technical support is provided for comprehensively evaluating the response of water resource amount in a changing environment.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention is provided for illustrative purposes, and other advantages and effects of the present invention will become apparent to those skilled in the art from the present disclosure.
A method for quantitatively solving the basin water reserve change elastic coefficient of runoff comprises the following specific steps:
water quantity balance equation taking into account the water reserve change (Tang et al, 2017):
wherein E is evaporation, P is precipitation, Δ S is basin water reserve change, EpIs a potential evapotranspiration, phisIs a parameter of reaction seasonality, alphasIs a parameter for reflecting the condition of the underlying surface of the basin;
is a water balance equation that takes into account changes in water reserves.
The elastic coefficient is the ratio of the dependent variable change rate to the independent variable change rate, therefore, the basin water reserve change elastic coefficient of the runoff is the ratio of the change rate of the runoff to the change rate of the basin water reserve change:
wherein Q is the runoff, and Δ S is a driving factor, εQ，ΔSRefers to the elastic coefficient of the basin water reserve change.
The annual water quantity balance equation is as follows:
Q＝P-E-ΔS
the full differential expression of Q can be solved through the annual water balance equation:
dQ＝dP-dE-dΔS
the fully differential expression for E can be found by considering the water balance equation for water reserve change:
since the parameters are determined by the attributes of the basin (terrain, landform, soil, etc.), the annual variation is negligible (
dαs0). On the basis, the elastic coefficient of the change of the water reserve of the runoff convection basin can be calculated by combining the basic definition of the elastic coefficient:
the invention decomposes effective precipitation in a water balance equation base considering the change of the water reserve of the basin into the difference between the precipitation and the change of the water reserve of the basin, and finds out the water reserve change elastic coefficient of the runoff by further derivation on the basis.
The foregoing embodiments are merely illustrative of the principles and utilities of the present invention and are not intended to limit the invention. Any person skilled in the art can modify or change the above-mentioned embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Accordingly, it is intended that all equivalent modifications or changes which can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and technical spirit of the present invention be covered by the claims of the present invention.
Claims (1)
1. A method for quantitatively solving the basin water reserve change elastic coefficient of runoff is characterized by comprising the following specific steps:
water balance equation taking into account water reserve changes:
wherein E is evaporation, P is precipitation, Δ S is basin water reserve change, EpIs a potential evapotranspiration, phisIs a parameter of reaction seasonality, alphasIs a parameter for reflecting the condition of the underlying surface of the basin; f (P, Ep, Δ S, φ)s,αs) Is a water balance equation that takes into account the change in water reserves;
the elastic coefficient is the ratio of the dependent variable change rate to the independent variable change rate, and the basin water reserve change elastic coefficient of the runoff is the ratio of the change rate of the runoff to the change rate of the basin water reserve change:
wherein Q is runoff, dQ is the change rate of runoff, Delta S is a certain driving factor, epsilonQ,ΔSThe elastic coefficient refers to the change of the water reserve of the drainage basin;
considering the water quantity balance equation of the change of the water reserve of the basin, combining the basic definition of the elastic coefficient and the annual water quantity balance equation Q ═ P-E-Delta S, and calculating the elastic coefficient epsilon of the change of the water reserve of the basin by the runoffQ，ΔS：
Wherein the content of the first and second substances,
the partial derivative of the basin water reserve change is shown.
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| CN108133310A (en) * | 2017-12-11 | 2018-06-08 | 中国水利水电科学研究院 | The comprehensive estimation method that a kind of mankind's activity and climate change influence river flow |
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