CN110108752A - Polymer-pyrolysis ignition test system and test method under a kind of self feed back time-varying hot-fluid - Google Patents
Polymer-pyrolysis ignition test system and test method under a kind of self feed back time-varying hot-fluid Download PDFInfo
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- CN110108752A CN110108752A CN201910559905.5A CN201910559905A CN110108752A CN 110108752 A CN110108752 A CN 110108752A CN 201910559905 A CN201910559905 A CN 201910559905A CN 110108752 A CN110108752 A CN 110108752A
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- G01N25/20—Investigating or analyzing materials by the use of thermal means by investigating the development of heat, i.e. calorimetry, e.g. by measuring specific heat, by measuring thermal conductivity
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Abstract
The test macro that Polymer-pyrolysis catches fire the present invention relates to a kind of radiant heating experimental provision and under the device, more particularly to Polymer-pyrolysis ignition test system and test method under a kind of self feed back time-varying hot-fluid.Including pedestal, heating element, transmission gear for electric motor, longitudinal carrier and control cabinet, transmission gear for electric motor is arranged in pedestal lower part, and pedestal top side is provided with longitudinal carrier, and baffle bull stick and electric spark bull stick perpendicular to pedestal are equipped with by longitudinal carrier；The baffle bull stick and electric spark bull stick are connected with pedestal by rotary shaft；Transmission gear for electric motor includes motor and its mechanical component；The circular baffle plate perpendicular to baffle bull stick is equipped on the top of baffle bull stick；Heating element includes heating cone, heating cone shell and electric spark igniter；Two first thermocouples are fixedly mounted in the middle part of heating cone and are connected to control cabinet by being opened in the perforation of heating cone shell two sides；Control cabinet is made of temperature controller, barrier switch, electric spark igniter switch and heater switch.
Description
Technical field
The test macro that Polymer-pyrolysis catches fire the present invention relates to a kind of radiant heating experimental provision and under the device, it is special
It is not to be related to Polymer-pyrolysis ignition test system and test method under a kind of self feed back time-varying hot-fluid.
Background technique
Polymer pyrolysis kindling under the effect of external hot-fluid is material from the unburned most incipient stage changed towards fiery state,
And the most critical stage that prevention and control polymer fire further develop.Polymer heat under the conditions of experimental study radiant heating
Solution ignition process is of great significance in solid combustible fire risk assessment and control.
Existing Polymer-pyrolysis ignition test and theoretical research are concentrated mainly on normal hot-fluid field.Most common solid
Combustible Materials kindling standard test test device is the tapered calorimeter of National Institute of Standards and Technology NIST research and development
(Cone calorimeter), tapered electrical impedance radiant heating source can provide stable 0-100kW/m2 range hot-fluid.But
In practical fire scenario, due to intensity of a fire variation and flame are mobile etc., the radiant heat flux that non-combustible material receives be usually with
Time change, instant heating stream.The hot-fluid that existing scholar receives material in fixed position fire spread carried out experiment
Measurement, the results showed that its hot-fluid size exponential increase (S. Manzello et al. Fire Mater, in:11th at any time
International Conference, San Francisco, California, 2009, pp. 215-224.; J.
Cohen, Can. J. Forest Res. 34,2004,1616-1626).The tapered calorimeter of reference instrument can not achieve with
The radiant heat flux of Time Continuous heating dramatically limits under the practical heating condition of polymer thermal response and thermally safe grinds
Study carefully.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is overcoming tapered calorimeter of existing reference instrument etc. that can only radiate the limitation of constant heat flux, provide
Polymer-pyrolysis ignition test system and test method under a kind of self feed back time-varying hot-fluid are that a kind of can generate changes over time heat
The experimental system of stream, and the test method of measuring is carried out to the pyrolysis of polymer and ignition process under this systems.Pass through
Source temperature feedback signal, proportion of utilization-integral-derivative controller (PID controller) adjust radiation source output power, can be real
Now linearly over time, square, multinomial, index, constant, the diversified forms such as decaying time-varying hot-fluid, and can complete in the hot-fluid
Under each quasi polymer pyrolysis catch fire test process.
The present invention adopts the following technical solutions to achieve:
Polymer-pyrolysis ignition test system under self feed back time-varying hot-fluid, including it is pedestal, heating element, transmission gear for electric motor, vertical
To bracket and control cabinet, transmission gear for electric motor is arranged in pedestal lower part, pedestal top side is provided with longitudinal carrier, in longitudinal direction
The baffle bull stick and electric spark bull stick perpendicular to pedestal are equipped with by bracket；The baffle bull stick and electric spark bull stick are logical with pedestal
It crosses rotary shaft to be connected, can be rotated freely on pedestal；
Transmission gear for electric motor includes motor and its mechanical component；Baffle bull stick rotary shaft is connected with the output shaft of motor, drives gear
Plate bull stick rotary shaft rotation, so that baffle bar rotation；
It is equipped with the circular baffle plate perpendicular to baffle bull stick on the top of baffle bull stick, the baffle can follow baffle bull stick to turn together
It is dynamic；
The heating element includes heating cone, heating cone shell and electric spark igniter；
In the top movable of electric spark bull stick, the electric spark igniter perpendicular to electric spark bull stick, the electric spark igniter are set
Electric spark bull stick can be followed to rotate together；Electric spark igniter is located at below baffle；
It is equipped with heating cone shell higher than the position of baffle on longitudinal carrier, the upper and lower part of the heating cone shell is equipped with
Circular open；The inner surface of heating cone shell has high temperature resistant electric insulation ceramics fiber coat；The heating cone shell is circular cone
Shape is equipped with heating cone in heating cone shell, and the heating cone uses adding thermal resistance, and the adding thermal resistance is by single resistance spiral
Coiling is tapered；The heating cone is fixed in heating cone shell using fixed bracket；
Two first thermocouples are fixedly mounted in the middle part of heating cone to measure heating cone real time temperature, the first thermocouple is by being opened in
The perforation of heating cone shell two sides is connected to control cabinet；
Control cabinet is made of temperature controller, barrier switch, electric spark igniter switch and heater switch；First thermocouple and temperature
Control device is connected, and sends the temperature signal for heating cone to temperature controller, as control signal, temperature controller is according to the real-time temperature for heating cone
Source temperature corresponding to degree and setting hot-fluid bores power to adjust control heating；The i.e. heating of heating cone input power switch is opened
It closes and is arranged on control cabinet, input power is controlled by temperature controller；Heating cone power switch is opened, heating cone presses temperature controller setting side
Formula heating when turning off the switch, that is, stops heating, and temperature controller loses the control to heating cone；Transmission gear for electric motor and control cabinet phase
Even, it is powered and is controlled by control cabinet；Barrier switch starting and stopping by control transmission gear for electric motor on control cabinet, thus
Control the rotation and stopping of baffle bull stick；The open or close movement deadline of baffle is not more than 1s, when baffle bar rotation,
Make baffle far from the circular open of heating cone lower section, baffle is opened at this time；When baffle bar rotation, block baffle under heating cone
Circular open, play heat-blocking action, at this time baffle be closed；Electric spark on electric spark igniter and control cabinet and control cabinet
Ignition switch is connected, and turns 24V transformer by 220V in control cabinet and provides 24V power supply, 1.5 mm of electrode distance opens electric spark
Ignition switch can realize electric spark igniter constant ignition；Control cabinet input power is 220V AC power source.
Further, the electric spark igniter is installed on electric spark bull stick by clip, when not needing electric spark point
When firearm, it can remove at any time.
Further, the support bracket fastened length is 4mm, diameter 20mm, and fixed bracket is electrically insulated using high temperature resistant
The inner surface junction of junction, fixed bracket and heating cone shell that material, fixed bracket and heating are bored is all made of weldering of insulating
The mode of connecing connects, to guarantee the stability of heating cone.
Further, the adding thermal resistance in heating cone is coiled into 5 layers, and the circumference outer diameter of top layer is 60mm, undermost
Circumference outer diameter is 150mm, and the upper and lower opening diameter of the heating cone shell is respectively 60mm and 150mm accordingly.
Further, distance is 5mm between heating cone and heating cone shell, is filled between heating cone and heating cone shell
4mm thickness asbestos fibre protective layer, the thermal coefficient of the asbestos fibre are 0.132W/ (mK), realize electrical isolation.
Further, the nichrome resistance that the adding thermal resistance of composition heating cone is 10 mm of diameter；Heat the rated power of cone
5000W, hot-fluid output area are 0-100 kW/m2.
Further, heating cone shell is made of No. 310 stainless steels of 3 mm of thickness.
With a thickness of 1mm, temperature is used continuously is the high temperature resistant electric insulation ceramics fiber coat of the inner surface of heating cone shell
1150℃。
Further, electric spark igniter is located at immediately below baffle at 20-25 mm.
The present invention also has sample holder, exemplar box and exemplar, and sample holder is with the height-adjustable of upper and lower plane
Bracket；The exemplar box uses polycrystalline mullite fibre heat-insulating material, and thermal coefficient 0.13W/ (mK), exemplar box are at 600 DEG C
Upper surface sets reeded cuboid box；The groove is square or circle, and groove shapes are depending on experiment needs；It is described
Exemplar size is consistent with the inside dimension of groove, test when, exemplar is placed in the groove of exemplar box, the upper surface of exemplar with
The upper surface flush of exemplar box, exemplar surrounding are close to groove inner wall, so that exemplar only has upper surface exposure；
It is provided with the second thermocouple hole of alignment in the middle and lower part of exemplar and exemplar box, to place the second thermocouple, the second heat
Galvanic couple passes through the exemplar box back side and is put into exemplar, and the second thermocouple quantity and entrance exemplar depth are depending on experiment needs；Institute
State the K-type thermocouple that the second thermocouple is diameter 0.5mm.
Sample holder includes upper surface, lower surface and support rod, and upper and lower surfaces are connected by support rod, the branch
Strut is telescopic rod, and the level of height and upper surface is adjusted by screw rod, screw cooperation.
The baffle includes the upper and lower；Upper layer is the round asbestos fibre layer of diameter 160mm thickness 5mm, thermally conductive system
Number is 0.132W/ (mK), electrical isolation, away from 1 mm of stainless steel casing；Lower layer is the stainless steel of diameter 160mm, thickness 3mm.
First thermocouple is the K-type insulation thermocouple of 1 mm of diameter.
The temperature controller uses commercially available Delta DT320 temperature controller.
The working principle of present system: the present invention utilizes the " anti-of PID controller (proportional-integral derivative controller)
Feedback-adjusting " function is moved according to the real-time gap signal of thermocouple observed temperature installed on heater and target hot fluid temperature
State adjusts heater wattage output to achieve the purpose that object variations hot-fluid.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has the advantage that
1) can be according to Real-time Feedback signal, dynamic adjusts heater power, quickly the deviation of amendment output hot-fluid and target hot-fluid,
It can reach higher target hot-fluid precision；
2) compared with the case where tapered calorimeter of reference instrument can only export constant heat flux, the present invention by preset PID controller,
The time-varying hot-fluid that a variety of versions can be achieved, as linear rise, square rising, index rising, linear decline, segmentally heating and
The forms hot-fluids such as period heating.
Technology and theory used in the present invention are maturation method, have constructed finishing device material object, and look over so as to check marking hot-fluid
The actual test of calibration and multiple polymers material, the hot-fluid generated agree with target heat flux perfection, and hot-fluid and polymer are surveyed
It tries experimental result stability and repeatability is high, testing procedure and operating method are simple and easy, and test result degree of recognition is high.
Detailed description of the invention
Below with reference to attached drawing, the invention will be further described:
Fig. 1 is present system structural schematic diagram；
Fig. 2 is the variation diagram for three kinds of hot-fluid forms that present system carries out target designation hot-fluid；
Fig. 3 is that this system can demarcate schematic diagram with hot-fluid range；
Fig. 4 is that the sample box of present system places the side view of tested sample；
Fig. 5 is that the sample box of present system places the top view of tested sample；
Fig. 6 is the schematic diagram that present system is tested for thermometric and mass loss rate；
When Fig. 7 is that present system is tested for thermometric and mass loss rate, actual measurement exemple surface temperature under linear rise hot-fluid
Degree and internal temperature (3mm and 6mm depth) variation diagram；
When Fig. 8 is that present system is tested for thermometric and mass loss rate, actual measurement exemple surface temperature under linear attenuation hot-fluid
Degree, internal temperature (5mm and 10mm depth) lose rating results figure；
When Fig. 9 is that present system is tested for thermometric and mass loss rate, actual measurement exemple quality is damaged under linear attenuation hot-fluid
Stall rate result figure.
In figure: 1, pedestal, 2, transmission gear for electric motor, 3, longitudinal carrier, 4, control cabinet, 4-1, temperature controller, 4-2, baffle are opened
It closes, 4-3, electric spark igniter switch, 4-4, heater switch, 5, baffle bull stick, 6, electric spark bull stick, 7, baffle, 8, heating cone,
9, heating cone shell, 10, electric spark igniter, 11, asbestos fibre protective layer, 12, fixed bracket, the 13, first thermocouple, 14,
Heat-flow meter, 15, sample holder (or balance bracket), 16, exemplar box, 17, exemplar, the 18, second thermocouple, the 19, second thermocouple
Hole, 20, K-type thermocouple, the vertical range between a, electric spark igniter and heating cone bottom；B, heat-flow meter and heating cone bottom
Between vertical range.
Specific embodiment
Below with reference to attached drawing 1 ~ 9 and specific embodiment, more detailed description is made to the present invention.
Referring to attached drawing 1 ~ 6, Polymer-pyrolysis ignition test system under self feed back time-varying hot-fluid of the present invention, including pedestal 1 plus
Thermal part, transmission gear for electric motor 2, longitudinal carrier 3 and control cabinet 4, transmission gear for electric motor 2 are arranged in 1 lower part of pedestal, in pedestal 1
Top side is provided with longitudinal carrier 3, and baffle bull stick 5 and electric spark bull stick 6 perpendicular to pedestal 1 are equipped with by longitudinal carrier 3；
The baffle bull stick 5 and electric spark bull stick 6 are connected with pedestal 1 by rotary shaft, can be rotated freely on pedestal 1；Motor passes
Dynamic device 2 includes motor and its mechanical component；5 rotary shaft of baffle bull stick is connected with the output shaft of motor, and baffle bull stick 5 is driven to revolve
Shaft rotation, so that baffle bull stick 5 rotates；The circular baffle plate perpendicular to baffle bull stick 5 is equipped on the top of baffle bull stick 5
7, the baffle 7 can follow baffle bull stick 5 to rotate together.
Heating element includes heating cone 8, heating cone shell 9 and electric spark igniter 10；
In the top movable of electric spark bull stick 6, the electric spark igniter 10 perpendicular to electric spark bull stick 6, electric spark igniter are set
10 are located at 7 lower section of baffle, and the electric spark igniter 10 can follow electric spark bull stick 6 to rotate together.
Higher than the position of baffle 7 equipped with heating cone shell 9 on longitudinal carrier 3, the top of the heating cone shell 9 is under
Portion is equipped with circular open；The inner surface of heating cone shell 9 has high temperature resistant electric insulation ceramics fiber coat；The heating cone is outer
Shell 9 is cone, and heating cone 8 is equipped in heating cone shell 9, and the heating cone 8 uses adding thermal resistance, and adding thermal resistance is by single
Resistive spiral coiling is tapered；Heating cone 8 is fixed in heating cone shell using fixed bracket 12；In Fig. 1 and Fig. 6, heating
Adding thermal resistance in cone 8 is of five storeys, and the circumference outer diameter of top layer is 60mm, and undermost circumference outer diameter is 150mm, the heating
The upper and lower opening diameter for boring shell is respectively 60mm and 150mm accordingly；Fixed bracket 12 is arranged under the 1st layer and the 4th layer
Portion.
Two first thermocouples 13 are fixedly mounted to measure and heat cone real time temperature, the first thermocouple at 8 middle part of heating cone
13 are connected to control cabinet 4 by being opened in the perforation of heating cone 9 two sides of shell；
Control cabinet 4 is made of temperature controller 4-1, barrier switch 4-2, electric spark igniter switch 4-3 and heater switch 4-4；It is described
First thermocouple 13 is connected with temperature controller 4-1, will heating cone 8 temperature signal send temperature controller 4-1 to, as control signal,
Temperature controller 4-1 adjusts control heating 8 function of cone according to source temperature corresponding to the real time temperature of heating cone 8 and setting hot-fluid
Rate；Heating cone input power switch is that heater switch 4-4 is arranged on control cabinet 4, and input power is controlled by temperature controller 4-1；It beats
Heating cone power switch is opened, heating cone 8 is heated by temperature controller 4-1 setting means, when turning off the switch, that is, stops heating, temperature controller
4-1 loses the control to heating cone 8；Transmission gear for electric motor 2 is connected with control cabinet 4, is powered and is controlled by control cabinet 4；Control cabinet 4
On barrier switch 4-2 being started and stopped by control transmission gear for electric motor 2, to control the rotation of baffle bull stick 5 and stop
Only；The open or close movement deadline of baffle 7 is not more than 1s, when the rotation of baffle bull stick 5, makes baffle 7 far under heating cone 8
The circular open of side, baffle 7 is opened at this time；When the rotation of baffle bull stick 5, so that baffle 7 is blocked the circular open under heating cone 8, rise
To heat-blocking action, baffle 7 is closed at this time；Electric spark igniter 10 is opened with the electric spark igniter on control cabinet 4 and control cabinet 4
It closes 4-3 to be connected, 24V transformer is turned by 220V in control cabinet 4,24V power supply is provided, 1.5 mm of electrode distance opens spark ignition
Device switch 4-3 can realize 10 constant ignition of electric spark igniter；Control cabinet input power is 220V AC power source.
Electric spark igniter 10 is installed on electric spark bull stick 6, when not needing electric spark igniter, Ke Yiqu by clip
Down or go to other than heating region；Electric spark igniter 10 is located at the underface of baffle 7, electric spark igniter and heating cone bottom
Between vertical range a be 20-25 mm.
Referring to Fig. 6, the present invention also has sample holder 15, exemplar box 16 and exemplar 17, and sample holder 15 is with upper and lower
The height-adjustable bracket of plane；The exemplar box 16 uses polycrystalline mullite fibre heat-insulating material, thermal coefficient at 600 DEG C
0.13W/ (mK), exemplar box 16 are the cuboid box that upper surface is equipped with square indentations；The size and groove of the exemplar 17
Inside dimension it is identical, in test, exemplar 17 is placed in the groove of exemplar box 16, the upper surface of exemplar 17 and exemplar box 16
Upper surface flush, 17 surrounding of exemplar be close to groove inner wall；The effect of exemplar box is to guarantee that the surrounding of exemplar and bottom are exhausted
Exemplar upper surface is only exposed under calibrated variable heat flux by heat condition, and reaching one dimensional heat transfer condition (is this in the present embodiment
Condition)；According to different experimental conditions, self-control exemplar box can be used or do not use exemplar box.
It is provided with the second thermocouple hole 19 of alignment in the middle and lower part of exemplar 17 and exemplar box 16, to place the second thermoelectricity
Even 18, the second thermocouple 18 passes through 16 back side of exemplar box and is put into exemplar 17, the quantity of the second thermocouple 18 and enters exemplar
Depth is depending on experiment needs.The K-type thermocouple of diameter 0.5mm can be used in second thermocouple 18.
Shown in Fig. 6, sample holder 15 includes upper surface, lower surface and support rod, and upper and lower surfaces pass through support rod
It is connected, the support rod is telescopic rod, and the level of height and upper surface is adjusted by screw rod, screw cooperation.
The test method of present system includes the following steps:
1) target time-varying hot-fluid is demarcated；
2) horizontal plane heat flux uniformity is demarcated；
3) Polymer-pyrolysis ignition test is tested under time-varying hot-fluid.
The calibration of step (1) target time-varying hot-fluid can be achieved it is a variety of change over time hot-fluid, including it is linear, square, multinomial,
Index, constant and decaying etc., every kind of variation pattern need to individually be set.
The target time-varying hot-fluid calibration includes the hot-fluid of three kinds of natural cooling decaying, linear decline and linear rise forms
Calibration.
The method that it is fixed that natural cooling decay heat is failed to be sold at auction, includes the following steps:
1) after test macro is ready to, a heat-flow meter 14 is placed immediately below heating cone 8, the test surfaces of heat-flow meter 14 keep water
It is flat, face heating cone 8, so that the vertical range b between 8 bottoms of heat-flow meter 14 and heating cone is 30mm；
2) after placing heat-flow meter 14,4 power supply of control cabinet is opened, baffle 7 is closed, temperature controller control model is adjusted to PID mode,
SV control model is set as fixed SV mode, sets SV value；
3) heater switch is opened, heating cone is begun to warm up；When heating cone temperature rises to setting value SV value, opening baffle is looked into
It sees that heat-flow meter measures stable heat flow value, if measuring heat flow value and the initial hot-fluid of target has deviation, by adjusting SV value, makes hot-fluid
Meter institute's calorimetric stream is the initial hot-fluid of target, writes down the SV value and corresponding hot-fluid；It closes heater switch or adjusts temperature controller
R-S parameter is STOP under operation mode, and heating cone stops heating；Start this moment to hot-fluid to demarcate in the end time, heat-flow meter institute
Calorimetric stream is natural cooling decaying hot-fluid.
4) (2) ~ (3) calibration hot-fluid is repeated the above steps no less than three times, changes of heat flux is no more than 5%, t attenuation change not
More than ± 3s, then it is assumed that hot-fluid calibration is completed.
The method of linear decline hot-fluid calibration, includes the following steps:
1) total control box power supply is connected, the control model of temperature controller is adjusted to PID mode, sets fixed SV for SV control model
Mode adjusts SV value and obtains steady flow of heat；
2) can under program SV mode, have 16 groups can program pattern, every batch processing pattern shares 16 steps, and each step has
Two parameters of set temperature SP and setting time TM, temperature controller, which heats cone heating power by control, makes heating cone real time temperature exist
Reach set temperature SP in setting time TM；And guarantee that hot-fluid is stablized in initial hot-fluid；When hot-fluid stablize after initial hot-fluid, temperature
Control device control heating cone cooling, hot-fluid decline；The heat flow data acquired during fitting hot-fluid decline obtains accurate hot-fluid decline
Slope；Terminate when hot-fluid reaches target termination hot-fluid or setting time, stops calibration hot-fluid；It is target starting from heat-flow meter registration
Hot-fluid starts to hot-fluid to demarcate in this period terminated, is denoted as, the hot-fluid of heat-flow meter position is linear decline heat
Stream, is expressed as；
3) repeat the above steps (2) calibration heat flux process no less than three times, if(the 1st is executed since temperature controller
Walk heat-flow meter registration and reach the time required for target initial heat flux) it is no more than(unit is the second),Variation
It is no more than(unit is the second), obtains fitting resultIfNot less than 0.99, linear decline hot-fluid descending slope becomes
Change is no more than, then linear decline hot-fluid calibration completion.
The correlation for indicating fitting result and actual value is up to 1, indicates that fitting result and actual value are completely the same；Closer to 1, illustrate that fitting result and the actual value goodness of fit are higher.
It will appear a bit of unstable region when hot-fluid is just begun to decline, be affected to the linearity of hot-fluid decline.
At this moment, the setting value of initial step SP00 can be greater than initial heat flux in program pattern corresponding, remember when demarcating hot-fluid
Under execute step 1 since temperature controller and reach the time required for target initial heat flux to heat-flow meter registration, it is as described。
The method of linear rise hot-fluid calibration, includes the following steps:
1) total control box power supply is connected, the control model of temperature controller is adjusted to PID control mode, in fixed SV control model subscript
Fixed initial hot-fluid SV initial value corresponding with hot-fluid is terminated and SV stop value, and can edited in program pattern；With linear decline
Hot-fluid setting is different, and hot-fluid rising is not in unstable region, by can initial step in program pattern set temperature
SP00 is provided directly as SV initial value；
2) the set temperature SP01 and TM01 for adjusting step 1 change the rate that hot-fluid rises；When hot-fluid reaches target termination hot-fluid
When, stop calibration；The set temperature SP01 is not less than SV stop value；The hot-fluid calibration end time is gone to since temperature controller
It is interior, it is denoted as, heat-flow meter institute calorimetric stream is linear rise hot-fluid, is expressed as；Linear fit acquisition
Heat flow data is to obtain the accurate hot-fluid rate of rise；
3) repeat the above steps (2) calibration heat flux process no less than three times,Variation is no more than(unit is
Second), obtain fitting resultNot less than 0.99, then linear rise hot-fluid calibration is completed；
The correlation for indicating fitting result and actual value is up to 1, indicates that fitting result and actual value are completely the same；
Closer to 1, illustrate that fitting result and the actual value goodness of fit are higher.
Heating when below by taking three kinds of natural cooling decaying, linear decline and linear rise form hot-fluid calibration as an example to target
Stream scaling method is described in detail, and is not required to electric spark igniter in hot-fluid calibration process.
Embodiment 1, natural cooling decaying hot-fluid setting
1) after test macro is ready to, referring to attached drawing 1, a GTT-25-100-RWF type is horizontally arranged immediately below heating cone
Gardon justifies foil water cooling heat-flow meter 14(range 0-100kW/m2, precision 0.001kW/m2, response,
Reaction time 80ms, repeatability are ± 0.5%, and radiation receives 12.5 mm of target diameter, and surface is covered with durable flat black and applies
Layer, absorptivity 0.92.Cooling water is room temperature tap water, flow 13.1mL/s), test surfaces keep horizontal, face radiation source, away from
30 mm of radiation source stainless steel casing lower surface.
2) after placing heat-flow meter 14,4 power supply of control cabinet is opened, baffle 7 is closed, temperature controller 4-1 control model is adjusted to
PID mode (manual setting or temperature controller are voluntarily adjusted to suitable pid parameter), SV(SV indicates set temperature) control model sets
It is set to fixed SV mode, sets a SV value；
3) heater switch 4-4 is opened, heating cone 8 is begun to warm up, and temperature rises to setting value, opens baffle 7, checks heat-flow meter 14
The heat flow value measured.If hot-fluid and the initial hot-fluid of target have deviation, by adjusting SV(set temperature) make heat-flow meter institute calorimetric stream
(such as the initial hot-fluid of targetIt is 545 DEG C that hot-fluid, which corresponds to SV), write down the SV(set temperature) and corresponding heat
Stream.It should be noted that when the PV(heating coil real-time measurement temperature shown on temperature controller 4-1) just it is close to or up to target temperature
When, 14 calorimetric streams of heat-flow meter are simultaneously unstable, and heat-flow meters 14 should be waited to measure hot-fluid and stablize (changes of heat fluxIt is considered as
Hot-fluid stablize) after read corresponding SV(set temperature again) under heat flow value.Heating 8 ramp-up times of cone are 5-8 minutes, are stablized
20-25 minutes.The hot-fluid obtained at this time is normal hot-fluid, can be used for the experimental study that Polymer-pyrolysis catches fire under normal hot-fluid.To heat
After 14 registration of flowmeter is stablized, closes heater switch or adjust R-S parameter (i.e. RUN-STOP, table under temperature controller 4-1 operation mode
Show the operation of temperature controller 4-1 and stop parameter) it is STOP, heating cone 8 stops heating.Start to demarcate the end time to hot-fluid this moment
Interior (being denoted as t decaying), 14 calorimetric streams of heat-flow meter are natural cooling decaying hot-fluid.
4) step (2) ~ (3) calibration hot-fluid is repeated no less than three times, changes of heat flux is no more than 5%,It is no more than(unit is the second), then it is assumed that (a figure in such as Fig. 2) is completed in hot-fluid calibration.
Embodiment 2, the setting of linear decline hot-fluid
Total control box power supply is connected, the control model of Delta DT320 temperature controller is adjusted to PID mode (can be declined with natural cooling
Pid parameter in the setting of reduction of heat stream), SV control model is set as fixed SV mode, adjusts SV(set temperature) obtain and stablize heat
Stream.It is similar to the natural cooling decaying hot-fluid setting permanent hot-fluid of acceptance of the bid, it needs exist for first calibrating the initial of linear decline hot-fluid
Hot-fluid and termination hot-fluid and corresponding SV initial value and SV stop value.Setting SV control model to can program SV mode.
Can under program SV mode, have 16 groups can program pattern, every batch processing pattern shares 16 steps, each step
Have SP(set temperature) and TM(setting time) two parameters, temperature controller, which heats cone heating power by control, keeps heating cone real-time
Temperature reaches SP within the TM time.
Any to choose batch processing pattern editor, the SP(by initial step in pattern is SP00 here, and SP expression can program
Set temperature in pattern, the 0th pattern of first 0 expression, second 0 the 0th step of expression) it is set as SV initial value, initial step
Setting time (is here TM00, TM00 indicates that source temperature is heated to the setting time of SP00 from room temperature, if temperature advances to
Up to set temperature, be then left time radiation source and stablize in the set temperature) should long enough, guarantee that hot-fluid is stablized in initial heat
Stream.Adjust step 1 set temperature SP01(SP01 no more than SV terminate) and setting time TM01 come change hot-fluid decline speed
Rate (hot-fluid linear decline rate is not more than natural cooling fall off rate).It is different from the 0th step setting time, when the setting of step 1
Between terminate temperature just change to SP01 from SP00, set temperature will not be reached in advance and enter maintenance temperature constant state.Pattern editor
The SAVE movement in pattern is executed after the completion, this pattern can be just stored in temperature controller, to reuse.Adjust Delta
DT320 temperature controller operation mode R-S parameter setting is STOP, executes pattern and initial step is set to 0,0, then R-S is joined
Number is set as RUN, and temperature controller starts can program pattern 0 from the execution of the 0th step.It is aobvious that Delta DT320 temperature controller is adjusted as needed
When display parameters in display screen execute the execution of step residue for current execution step or current execution step set temperature or currently
Between.If SP00 setting time terminates hot-fluid, not rise to initial hot-fluid or hot-fluid also also unstable, is adjusted under operation mode
R-S parameter RUN → STOP → RUN restarts to execute this program pattern, stablizes hot-fluid and (generally requires weight in initial hot-fluid
It is new to execute 1 to 2 times).Hot-fluid is stablized after initial hot-fluid, and temperature controller executes step 1, control heating cone cooling, hot-fluid decline.It is quasi-
It closes the heat flow data acquired during hot-fluid decline and obtains accurate hot-fluid descending slope.Hot-fluid will appear a bit of shakiness when declining
Fixed region is affected to the linearity of hot-fluid decline.At this moment, can be in program pattern by the setting value of initial step SP00
SV initial value corresponding greater than initial heat flux, demarcate hot-fluid when write down since temperature controller execute step 1 to heat-flow meter registration to
Up to time required for target initial heat flux (abbreviation t waiting).Hot-fluid, which reaches target termination hot-fluid or TM01 setting time, to be terminated,
Stop calibration hot-fluid.It (is denoted as in this period terminated since heat-flow meter registration is target initial heat flux to hot-fluid calibration), the hot-fluid of heat-flow meter position is linear decline hot-fluid, is represented by.It is many to repeat calibration hot-fluid
In three times, ifIt is no more than,Variation is no more than ± 3s, fitting resultNot less than 0.99, under linear
Drop hot-fluid descending slope variation is no more than, then it is assumed that (b of such as Fig. 2 schemes) is completed in the calibration of linear decline hot-fluid.
Embodiment 3, the setting of linear rise hot-fluid
Initial heat is demarcated under PID control mode (pid parameter manual setting or temperature controller automatic adjusting), fixed SV control model
Stream SV initial value corresponding with hot-fluid is terminated and SV stop value, and can edited in program pattern.It is set with linear decline hot-fluid
Difference, hot-fluid rising is not in unstable region, and SP00 is provided directly as SV initial value.It adjusts SP01(SP01 and is not less than SV
Terminate) and TM01 change hot-fluid rising rate.Hot-fluid reaches target termination hot-fluid, stops calibration.It is executed since temperature controller
It (is denoted as in the hot-fluid calibration end time), heat-flow meter institute calorimetric stream is linear rise hot-fluid, is represented by.The heat flow data of linear fit acquisition is to obtain the accurate hot-fluid rate of rise.It is many to repeat calibration hot-fluid
In three times,Variation is no more than(unit is the second), fitting resultNot less than 0.99, then it is assumed that linear rise
(c of such as Fig. 2 schemes) is completed in hot-fluid calibration.
Carry out the calibration of horizontal plane heat flux uniformity by this system, diversified forms variable heat flux (it is linear, square, multinomial,
The variation of the diversified forms such as index, constant, decaying) horizontal plane heat flux uniformity scaling method is identical, it is described collectively here.
The method of horizontal plane heat flux uniformity calibration, includes the following steps:
2-1) after the completion of variable heat flux calibration, keep heat-flow meter height constant, by heat-flow meter in horizontal position respectively to 4 differences
Direction (90 degree of spacing) is mobile and carries out that hot-fluid calibration is repeated several times；
2-2) when heat-flow meter institute measured value drops to center maximum value 95%, heat-flow meter is recorded away from central axis horizontal position；The position
To surveyed planar central point, (the vertical range b) distance i.e. between heat-flow meter and heating cone bottom is available heat flow province radius
(such as Fig. 3), measuring 4 different directions of this device can be 35mm with hot-fluid radius, polymer heat under subsequent progress time-varying hot-fluid
Exemplar size should not exceed the available hot-fluid radius when solution ignition test test.
When this system carries out Polymer-pyrolysis ignition test test under time-varying hot-fluid, wherein Polymer-pyrolysis kindling test
Parameter includes surface temperature, internal temperature, mass loss rate and ignition time.Here with linear decline and linear rise hot-fluid
For, the specific test method is as follows:
3-1) spotting variable heat flux；
Electric spark igniter is transferred, water cooling heat-flow meter is horizontally arranged immediately below heating cone, heat-flow meter upper surface keeps horizontal, distance
Heating cone lower surface 30mm, is passed through stable normal-temperature water stream and carries out water cooling during heat-flow meter use.Heat-flow meter connects 7018 data and adopts
Collect module, acquisition module is connected to computer by data line.The acquisition module turns 12V DC electricity transformation by a 220V alternating current
Device power supply.The data collection type of acquisition module is set as voltage-type, it is noted that the input voltage range of setting is excessive then can shadow
Ring heat flow data precision.This experimental provision hot-fluid output quantity and heat-flow meter range are, the response of heat-flow meter is, so the voltage that module receives is no more than 20mV, so input data acquires signal voltage model
It encloses for 0-50mV.The real-time voltage data of 7018 module of computerized data acquisition programmed acquisition simultaneously will be electric according to the responsiveness of heat-flow meter
Press data conversion at heat flow data, frequency acquisition 1Hz.Control cabinet power supply is connected, according to target time-varying hot-fluid setting method mark
Fixed set time-varying hot-fluid.Computer hot-fluid capture program is opened, whether observation hot-fluid is stable and changes by predetermined way.Each hot-fluid
Working condition calibration no less than three times, changes of heat flux total time error be no more than(unit is the second), heat flow data fitting result
Not less than 0.99, linear hot-fluid slope variation is no more than.In entire calibration process, it is desirable that without obvious external air flow
Interference, ambient temperature-stable, heating cone are nearby interfered without other heating sources.
3-2) tested sample and test equipment prepare；
Select it is a kind of need to measure its be pyrolyzed fire behaviour polymer material and process it is blocking (rectangular or round), own
For cutting process using laser cutting, machine-shaping sample thickness is uniform, and thickness error is not more than 0.01mm, uniform in material, without bright
Aobvious bubble, impurity, sand holes, aperture, bumps and water wave etc., the transparency is consistent and good, hereinafter referred to exemplar 17.Every kind of hot-fluid reality
Three to four repetitions of progress are tested to test.Row illustrates when below for 50 mm square exemplars, and sample thickness selects as needed.Sample
Part 17 is placed in insulation exemplar box 16, and exemplar box 16 is polycrystalline mullite fibre heat-insulating material, thermal coefficient at 600 DEG C
0.13W/ (mK), specification 9090, centre 5050 hollow outs place exemplar (such as Fig. 4 ~ 5), and exemplar box 16 is homogeneous, without obvious
Impurity, defect and bumps etc., specification error are not more than 0.1mm.Quantity is 4, because exemplar box 16 can also be omited when testing
Micro- heating often finishes one group of experiment and removes exemplar box 16 and be cooled to room temperature for one group of experiment under the influence of guaranteeing not, using other
Cooling exemplar box 16.The exemplar 17 is put into exemplar box 16, and 17 surrounding of exemplar and exemplar box 16 are without clear gap, on exemplar 17
Surface is horizontal and flushes with 16 upper surface of exemplar box.To measure exemplar internal temperature, exemplar 17 and 16 back side of exemplar box are both needed to
It beats the circular hole (i.e. the second thermocouple hole 19) of a number of diameter 1mm and places the second thermocouple 18, the second thermocouple 18 to facilitate
It across 16 back side of exemplar box and is put into exemplar 17, the second thermocouple hole pair of the second thermocouple hole and the exemplar back side on exemplar box
Together, the second thermocouple quantity and entrance exemplar depth are depending on experiment needs.Fig. 4 show two 18 measuring points of the second thermocouple and
Thermometric depth is respectively 3mm and 6 mm situations.Control cabinet power supply is disconnected, baffle is closed, electric spark heater is removed, on pedestal
Sample holder 15 is placed, and puts exemplar box 16 well on sample holder 15, the height of sample holder 15 is adjusted, is in exemplar 17
Immediately below heating cone 8,17 upper surface of exemplar distance heating 8 distance 30mm of cone, and 15 upper surface of sample holder is measured with horizontal ruler
Multiple directions levelness adjusts the screw rod of sample holder, guarantees that sample holder upper surface is horizontal.Using the K of a diameter 0.5mm
Type thermocouple 20 measures 17 upper surface temperature of exemplar, and 20 detecting head of K-type thermocouple is located at 17 upper surface center of exemplar, is close to poly-
It closes object upper surface and pressure should not be too large, otherwise 20 detecting head of pyrolysis phase K-type thermocouple will sink into polymeric inner.Several
The second thermocouple of same type 18 measures exemplar internal temperature, it is ensured that the sensing point of the second thermocouple 18 contacts the second thermocouple always
19 bottom surface of hole.K-type thermocouple 20 and the second thermocouple 18 connect another 8 channel, 7018 acquisition module, this acquisition module is arranged
The data type of acquisition is K-type, and computer capture program temperature collection data write down acquisition time, temperature data precision simultaneously
0.1 DEG C, frequency acquisition 1Hz.For measurement pyrolytic process in mass loss rate, by thermometric test in sample holder 15 remove, put
On the electronic balance with balance bracket, a 0.001g, the electronic balance of 10 kilograms of ranges are placed on stainless steel base.Electronics day
Flat upper placement one is with a thickness of the light-weight fireproof plate of 1cm with heating of the heating cone to balance of preventing fires.The height for adjusting balance bracket makes
8 lower surface 3cm are bored away from heating in 17 upper surface of exemplar, and adjusting level meter on electronic balance keeps balance horizontal.Electronic balance passes through number
It is connected to computer according to line, capture program acquires real-time quality data, frequency acquisition 1Hz.Pyrolysis quality loses rate experiments signal
Figure such as Fig. 6.It is noted that the connection of K-type thermocouple 20 and the second thermocouple 18 can make electronic balance that can not accurately measure matter
Data are measured, therefore thermometric experiment and mass metering experiment need to individually be carried out.
3-3) Polymer-pyrolysis ignition test measures；
Baffle 7 is closed, control cabinet power supply is connected, temperature controller parameter is set according to the setting method that step (1) demarcates hot-fluid.Hot-fluid
When starting variation, opening, which heats the baffle 7 under cone 8 and opens simultaneously data acquisition program, to be started to test.In whole experiment process
Data acquisition program records experimental period and real time temperature data (including surface and internal temperature) or qualitative data.17 table of exemplar
There is visible stable flame or experimental period beyond data acquisition program is stopped after the hot-fluid nominal time immediately in face, terminates real
It tests, closes baffle.Do not change object variations hot-fluid to carry out repeating to test twice or thrice again, the surveyed mean parameter of many experiments
As surveyed target component in Polymer-pyrolysis ignition process.After many experiments, baffle temperature can be increased.In Preparatory work of experiment rank
Section, the baffle in closed state can slightly heat exemplar, should suspend experiment and close heater switch, refrigerated baffle is down to room temperature again
Continue next group of experiment.Different time-varying hot-fluids are selected, step is repeated the above experiment, obtain different form time-varying changes of heat flux
Detected materials are pyrolyzed fire behaviour under rule and this hot-fluid.
Fig. 7 illustrates typical linear and rises lower the surveyed PMMA(Poly methyl methacrylate of hot-fluid, poly- methyl-prop
E pioic acid methyl ester) sample surface and internal temperature (3mm and 6mm depth) variation, illustrate that hot-fluid climbing speed is faster, temperature rise
Faster, ignition time is shorter.
Fig. 8 illustrates typical linear decay heat and flows down surveyed PMMA sample surface temperature, internal temperature (5mm and 10mm depth
Degree) loss rating results；Fig. 9 illustrates typical linear decay heat and flows down surveyed PMMA exemplar mass loss rate result.Explanation
Hot-fluid rate of decay is slower, and surface temperature rises faster, and mass loss is faster, ignition time is shorter.
Claims (10)
1. Polymer-pyrolysis ignition test system under a kind of self feed back time-varying hot-fluid, it is characterised in that: including pedestal, heating part
Part, transmission gear for electric motor, longitudinal carrier and control cabinet, transmission gear for electric motor are arranged in pedestal lower part, set in pedestal top side
It is equipped with longitudinal carrier, baffle bull stick and electric spark bull stick perpendicular to pedestal are equipped with by longitudinal carrier；The baffle bull stick and
Electric spark bull stick is connected with pedestal by rotary shaft, can be rotated freely on pedestal；
Transmission gear for electric motor includes motor and its mechanical component；Baffle bull stick rotary shaft is connected with the output shaft of motor, drives gear
Plate bull stick rotary shaft rotation, so that baffle bar rotation；
It is equipped with the circular baffle plate perpendicular to baffle bull stick on the top of baffle bull stick, the baffle can follow baffle bull stick to turn together
It is dynamic；
The heating element includes heating cone, heating cone shell and electric spark igniter；
In the top movable of electric spark bull stick, the electric spark igniter perpendicular to electric spark bull stick, the electric spark igniter are set
Electric spark bull stick can be followed to rotate together；Electric spark igniter is located at below baffle；
It is equipped with heating cone shell higher than the position of baffle on longitudinal carrier, the upper and lower part of the heating cone shell is equipped with
Circular open；The inner surface of heating cone shell has high temperature resistant electric insulation ceramics fiber coat；The heating cone shell is circular cone
Shape is equipped with heating cone in heating cone shell, and the heating cone uses adding thermal resistance, and the adding thermal resistance is by single resistance spiral
Coiling is tapered；The heating cone is fixed in heating cone shell using fixed bracket；
Two first thermocouples are fixedly mounted in the middle part of heating cone to measure heating cone real time temperature, the first thermocouple is by being opened in
The perforation of heating cone shell two sides is connected to control cabinet；
Control cabinet is made of temperature controller, barrier switch, electric spark igniter switch and heater switch；First thermocouple and temperature
Control device is connected, and sends the temperature signal for heating cone to temperature controller, as control signal, temperature controller is according to the real-time temperature for heating cone
Source temperature corresponding to degree and setting hot-fluid bores power to adjust control heating；The i.e. heating of heating cone input power switch is opened
It closes and is arranged on control cabinet, input power is controlled by temperature controller；Transmission gear for electric motor is connected with control cabinet, by control cabinet power supply and
Control；Barrier switch starting and stopping by control transmission gear for electric motor on control cabinet；Electric spark igniter and control cabinet
And the electric spark igniter switch on control cabinet is connected.
2. Polymer-pyrolysis ignition test system under self feed back time-varying hot-fluid according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: institute
It states the adding thermal resistance in heating cone and is coiled into 5 layers, the circumference outer diameter of top layer is 60mm, and undermost circumference outer diameter is 150mm,
The upper and lower opening diameter of the heating cone shell is respectively 60mm and 150mm accordingly.
3. Polymer-pyrolysis ignition test system under self feed back time-varying hot-fluid according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: institute
Stating support bracket fastened length is 4mm, diameter 20mm, and fixed bracket uses high temperature resistant electrically insulating material, fixed bracket and heating
The junction of cone, fixed bracket are all made of dielectric solder mode with the inner surface junction of heating cone shell and connect, to guarantee to add
The stability of heat cone.
4. Polymer-pyrolysis ignition test system under self feed back time-varying hot-fluid according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: add
Distance is 5mm between heat cone and heating cone shell, the filling 4mm thickness asbestos fibre protection between heating cone and heating cone shell
Layer.
5. Polymer-pyrolysis ignition test system under self feed back time-varying hot-fluid according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: this
System also has sample holder, exemplar box and exemplar, and sample holder is the height-adjustable bracket with upper and lower plane；It is described
Exemplar box is that upper surface sets reeded cuboid box；The exemplar is that size is identical as the size of groove inner wall；It is testing
When, exemplar is placed in the groove of exemplar box, and exemplar surrounding is close to groove inner wall, the upper surface of exemplar and the upper surface of exemplar box
Flush, so that exemplar only has upper surface exposure；
It is provided with the second thermocouple hole of alignment in the middle and lower part of exemplar and exemplar box, to place the second thermocouple, the second heat
Galvanic couple passes through the exemplar box back side and is put into exemplar；
The sample holder includes upper surface, lower surface and support rod, and upper and lower surfaces are connected by support rod, the branch
Strut is telescopic rod；
The groove is square or circle.
6. the test method of Polymer-pyrolysis ignition test system, feature under self feed back time-varying hot-fluid described in claim 1
It is, includes the following steps:
1) target time-varying hot-fluid is demarcated；
2) horizontal plane heat flux uniformity is demarcated；
3) Polymer-pyrolysis ignition test is tested under time-varying hot-fluid.
7. the test method of Polymer-pyrolysis ignition test system under self feed back time-varying hot-fluid according to claim 6,
Be characterized in that, the calibration of step (1) target time-varying hot-fluid can be achieved it is a variety of change over time hot-fluid, including it is linear, square, it is multinomial
Formula, index, constant and decaying, every kind of variation pattern need to individually be set；
The target time-varying hot-fluid calibration includes the hot-fluid mark of three kinds of natural cooling decaying, linear decline and linear rise forms
It is fixed.
8. the test method of Polymer-pyrolysis ignition test system under self feed back time-varying hot-fluid according to claim 7,
It is characterized in that, the natural cooling decay heat is failed to be sold at auction fixed method, is included the following steps:
After 1-1) test macro is ready to, a heat-flow meter is placed immediately below heating cone, the test surfaces of heat-flow meter keep horizontal,
Face heating cone, so that the vertical range between heat-flow meter and heating cone bottom is 30mm；
After 1-2) placing heat-flow meter, control cabinet power supply is opened, baffle is closed, temperature controller control model is adjusted to PID mode, SV
Control model is set as fixed SV mode, sets SV value；
Heater switch 1-3) is opened, heating cone is begun to warm up；Temperature is bored when heating and rises to setting value SV value, opens baffle,
It checks the heat flow value that heat-flow meter measures, if measuring heat flow value and the initial hot-fluid of target has deviation, by adjusting SV value, makes heat-flow meter
Institute's calorimetric stream is the initial hot-fluid of target, writes down the SV value and corresponding hot-fluid；It closes heater switch or adjusts temperature controller fortune
R-S parameter is STOP under rotary-die type, and heating cone stops heating；Start this moment to hot-fluid to demarcate in the end time, heat-flow meter is surveyed
Hot-fluid is natural cooling decaying hot-fluid；
(1-2) ~ (1-3) that 1-4) repeat the above steps demarcates hot-fluid no less than three times, and changes of heat flux is no more than 5%,No
It is the second more than ± 3s(unit), then hot-fluid calibration is completed.
9. the test method of Polymer-pyrolysis ignition test system under self feed back time-varying hot-fluid according to claim 8,
It is characterized in that, the method for the calibration of horizontal plane heat flux uniformity described in step (2) includes the following steps:
2-1) step (1) variable heat flux calibration after the completion of, keep heat-flow meter height it is constant, by heat-flow meter horizontal position respectively to
4 different directions are mobile and carry out that hot-fluid calibration is repeated several times, and angle is 90 ° between each direction；
2-2) when heat-flow meter institute measured value drops to center maximum value 95%, heat-flow meter is recorded away from central axis horizontal position；The position
To surveyed planar central point distance, as available heat flow province radius, measuring 4 different directions of this device can be with hot-fluid radius
35mm, exemplar size is no more than the available hot-fluid radius model when Polymer-pyrolysis ignition test is tested under subsequent progress time-varying hot-fluid
It encloses；
The vertical range that can be referred to heat flow province radius between heat-flow meter and heating cone bottom.
10. the test method of Polymer-pyrolysis ignition test system under self feed back time-varying hot-fluid according to claim 8,
It is characterized in that, Polymer-pyrolysis ignition test is tested under time-varying hot-fluid described in step (3), is included the following steps:
3-1) spotting variable heat flux；
Electric spark igniter is transferred, water cooling heat-flow meter is horizontally arranged immediately below heating cone, heat-flow meter upper surface keeps horizontal, distance
Heating cone lower surface 30mm, is passed through stable normal-temperature water stream and carries out water cooling during heat-flow meter use；
Heat-flow meter connects 7018 data acquisition modules, and acquisition module is connected to computer by data line；The data of acquisition module acquire
Type is set as voltage-type, real-time voltage data of 7018 data acquisition module of computerized data acquisition programmed acquisition and according to heat-flow meter
Responsiveness voltage data is converted into heat flow data, frequency acquisition 1Hz；
Control cabinet power supply is connected, set time-varying hot-fluid is demarcated according to target time-varying hot-fluid setting method；
Computer hot-fluid capture program is opened, whether observation hot-fluid is stable and changes by predetermined way；
The calibration of each heat flux no less than three times, changes of heat flux total time error be no more than(unit is the second), hot-fluid number
It is not less than 0.99 according to fitting result, linear hot-fluid slope variation is no more than；
In above-mentioned calibration process, it is desirable that no obvious external air flow interference, ambient temperature-stable, heating cone is nearby without other heating
Source interference；
3-2) tested sample and test equipment prepare；
Select it is a kind of need to measure its be pyrolyzed fire behaviour polymer material and process exemplar；The quantity of the exemplar is no less than
4；
Above-mentioned exemplar is placed in insulation exemplar box；
Control cabinet power supply is disconnected, baffle is closed, sample holder is placed on pedestal, and put exemplar box well on sample holder, is adjusted
The height for saving sample holder is in exemplar immediately below heating cone, and the upper surface distance heating pitch cone radius of exemplar uses water from 30mm
Leveling ruler measures sample holder upper surface multiple directions levelness, adjusts the screw rod of sample holder, guarantees sample holder upper surface water
It is flat；
Using the K-type thermocouple measurement exemplar upper surface temperature of a diameter 0.5mm, K-type thermocouple detecting head is located on exemplar
Polymer upper surface is close in surface center；
Using the second thermocouple measurement exemplar internal temperature, it is ensured that the sensing point of the second thermocouple contacts the second thermocouple hole always
Bottom surface；
K-type thermocouple and the second thermocouple connect another 8 channel, 7018 acquisition module, and the data of this acquisition module acquisition are arranged
Type is K-type, and computer capture program temperature collection data write down acquisition time simultaneously；
For measurement pyrolytic process in mass loss rate, by thermometric test in sample holder remove, put the electricity with balance bracket
Sub- balance places a 0.001g, the electronic balance of 10 kilograms of ranges on stainless steel base；On electronic balance place one with a thickness of
The light-weight fireproof plate of 1cm is with heating of the heating cone to balance of preventing fires；The height for adjusting balance bracket makes exemplar；Upper surface is away from heating
Lower surface 3cm is bored, adjusting level meter on electronic balance keeps balance horizontal；Electronic balance is connected to computer by data line, acquisition
Programmed acquisition real-time quality data；
3-3) Polymer-pyrolysis ignition test measures；
Baffle 3-3-1) is closed, control cabinet power supply is connected, the setting method setting temperature controller ginseng of hot-fluid is demarcated according to step (1)
Number；When hot-fluid starts variation, opening, which heats the baffle under cone and opens simultaneously data acquisition program, to be started to test；Entirely tested
Data acquisition program record experimental period and real time temperature data or qualitative data in journey, temperature data include heating poppet surface and
Internal temperature；Stop number immediately after visible stable flame occurs in sample surface or experimental period exceeds the hot-fluid nominal time
According to capture program, experiment is terminated, closes baffle；
Do not change 3-3-2) object variations hot-fluid repeated the above steps twice or thrice again (3-3-1) experiment, many experiments
Surveyed mean parameter is surveyed target component in Polymer-pyrolysis ignition process；
3-3-3) after many experiments, baffle temperature is increased；In the Preparatory work of experiment stage, the baffle in closed state can be heated slightly
Exemplar, at this time pause experiment close heater switch, are down to room temperature when refrigerated baffle and are further continued for carrying out next group of experiment；
Different time-varying hot-fluids 3-3-4) are selected, step (3-3-1) ~ (3-3-3) is repeated the above experiment, obtains heating when different form
Detected materials are pyrolyzed fire behaviour under rheology law and this hot-fluid.
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